Bridge foundation structure seismic oscillation water additional mass test measurement method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to a bridge foundation structure seismic oscillation water added mass test measurement method and device, and the method comprises the steps: driving a test structure to carry out an immersion transient motion test, and collecting the test pressure data of the surface of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure; based on the test pressure data of the surface of the test structure, obtaining a resultant force integral result Pt (zj) of the dynamic water acting force at unit height of the test structure; and obtaining the dynamic water additional mass ma (zj) of the test structure based on the integral result Pt (zj) of the unit height dynamic water acting force resultant force of the test structure and the test acceleration data # imgabs0 # of the test structure. According to the method, the dynamic water pressure data of the surface of the test structure is calculated through an integral algorithm, the elevation distribution of the dynamic water acting force of the surface of the test structure along the structure is obtained, and the elevation distribution of the dynamic water additional mass of the test structure along the test structure is further obtained according to a structural kinetic equation; and the accuracy and reliability of the measured result can be improved according to the time-history measurement fluctuation and the dynamic water additional mass change rule.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a method and device for measuring the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure. Background Art

[0002] When a bridge deep-water foundation vibrates under seismic excitation, due to the coupling effect between the structure and the fluid, in addition to the seismic load, the structure will also be subjected to the hydrodynamic pressure from the surrounding fluid, that is, the seismic hydrodynamic effect. The seismic hydrodynamic effect is an important factor affecting the dynamic response of deep-water bridges. Accurately measuring and evaluating the hydrodynamic effect is crucial for the safety of bridge structures. In recent years, the added hydrodynamic mass method, as a method for evaluating the hydrodynamic effect with clear concepts and easy to apply to the finite element method, has been widely adopted by scholars and engineering codes. It is of great significance to invent an accurate device and method for measuring the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of bridge foundation structures.

[0003] The existing technologies for measuring the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of bridge foundation structures mainly adopt the dry-wet modal method and the underwater shaking table test method. For large bridge complex deep-water foundations, the former measurement method has low accuracy and cannot reflect the characteristics of the local seismic hydrodynamic effect of deep-water structures; the latter has high test requirements and costs and is not applicable to the wide range of engineering needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and device for measuring the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure, which can solve the problems of complex theory, low accuracy, and difficulty in carrying out the hydrodynamic added mass test in the related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure, which includes:

[0006] Driving a test structure to perform an immersion transient motion test, and collecting the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure;

[0007] Based on the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure, obtaining the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure;

[0008] Based on the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure Obtaining the hydrodynamic added mass m a (z j ) of the test structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the driving test structure to conduct the immersion transient motion test, and collect the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure, specifically including:

[0010] Repeatedly drive the test structure to conduct the immersion transient motion test along the test track in a set uniform acceleration motion state;

[0011] During each test, collect the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure and the acceleration data of the test structure;

[0012] Obtain the mean value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure for multiple tests and the mean value of the acceleration data of the test structure;

[0013] Take the mean value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure as the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure and the mean value of the acceleration of the test structure as the test acceleration data of the test structure.

[0014] In some embodiments,

[0015] K Z =L j / n;

[0016] Wherein, p t (x i ,y i ,z i ) is the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure, i = 1,..., n, i is the number of pressure acquisition points at the structural height, j = 0,..., m, j is the elevation set of the acquisition points on the surface of the structure, is the unit normal vector of the surface of the acquisition point (x i ,y i ,z i ), is the unit normal vector of the test structure motion direction, L j is the surface acquisition point coverage length at the z j height of the test structure, K Z is the density at the acquisition point (x i ,y i ,z i ).

[0017] In some embodiments,

[0018] In some embodiments, before driving the test structure to conduct the immersion transient motion test and collecting the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure, the method further includes:

[0019] Assemble the seismic hydrodynamic additional mass test measurement device for the bridge foundation structure in the test water tank and prepare for measurement.

[0020] In some embodiments, a test measuring device for the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure is assembled in a test water tank for preparation of measurement, specifically including:

[0021] Install the test structure on the test track and connect the test structure to the driving device;

[0022] Install a collection device on the test structure;

[0023] Connect the control system to the driving device and the collection device;

[0024] Inject clear water into the test water tank to a predetermined test water level;

[0025] Conduct a functional self-check of the test measuring device to ensure that all devices are operating normally.

[0026] In some embodiments, installing a collection device on the test structure specifically includes:

[0027] Install acceleration and displacement sensors on the top and bottom of the test structure;

[0028] Paste an underwater pressure sensing film sensor on the surface of the test structure and determine the collection points on the surface of the test structure;

[0029] Wherein, each part of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor is evenly distributed, and the top of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor is higher than the fluid level in the test water tank.

[0030] In some embodiments, set the sampling frequency of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor to be greater than the natural vibration fundamental frequency of the test structure.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a test measuring device for the seismic hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure, which includes: a test water tank, a test structure, a driving device, a collection device, and a control system. The test structure is arranged inside the test water tank; the driving device is arranged inside the test water tank and is connected to the test structure for driving the test structure to conduct an immersion transient motion test inside the test water tank; the collection device is arranged on the test structure and is used for collecting the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure; the control system is connected to the driving device and the collection device and is used for obtaining the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure based on the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure, and obtaining the hydrodynamic added mass m of the test structure based on the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure and the test acceleration data of the test structure ​a (z j )。

[0032] In some embodiments, a test track is provided inside the test water tank, the test track is arranged along the length direction of the test water tank, and the test structure is slidably connected to the test track;

[0033] The inner width of the test water tank is greater than twice the width of the test structure, and the inner length of the test water tank is greater than eight times the length of the test structure;

[0034] An energy absorption member is provided on the wall surface of the test water tank.

[0035] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0036] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for measuring the hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure during an earthquake. By calculating the dynamic water pressure data on the surface of the test structure through an integral algorithm, the distribution of the dynamic water force on the surface of the test structure along the structure elevation is obtained. Further, based on the structural dynamics equation, the distribution of the hydrodynamic added mass of the test structure along the test structure elevation is obtained. According to the time history measurement fluctuations and the variation law of the hydrodynamic added mass, the accuracy and reliability of the measured results can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the measurement device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Test water tank; 2. Test structure; 3. Underwater pressure sensing film sensor; 4. Test track; 5. Control system; 6. Driving device; 7. Acceleration displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0042] The embodiment of this application provides a method and device for measuring the hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure under earthquake motion, which can solve the problems in the related art that the theory of hydrodynamic added mass test is complex, the accuracy is low, and it is difficult to carry out.

[0043] In the first aspect, the embodiment of this application provides a method for measuring the hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure under earthquake motion, which includes:

[0044] 101: Drive the test structure 2 to perform an immersion transient motion test, and collect the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 and the test acceleration data of the test structure 2;

[0045] 102: Based on the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2, obtain the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure 2;

[0046] 103: Based on the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure 2 and the test acceleration data of the test structure 2 obtain the hydrodynamic added mass m a (z j ) of the test structure 2.

[0047] In this application, through the integral algorithm calculation of the hydrodynamic pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2, the distribution of the hydrodynamic force along the structure elevation on the surface of the test structure 2 is obtained. Further, according to the structural dynamics equation, the distribution of the hydrodynamic added mass of the test structure 2 along the elevation of the test structure 2 is obtained. The accuracy and reliability of the measured results can be improved according to the time history measurement fluctuation and the change law of the hydrodynamic added mass.

[0048] On the basis of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, before step 100: Drive the test structure 2 to perform an immersion transient motion test, and collect the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 and the test acceleration data of the test structure 2, the method further includes step 100: Assemble the device for measuring the hydrodynamic added mass of the bridge foundation structure under earthquake motion in the test water tank 1 and prepare for measurement.

[0049] To assemble the seismic hydrodynamic added mass test measurement device for the bridge foundation structure, it is necessary to prepare a test water tank 1, a test structure 2, an underwater pressure sensing thin film sensor 3, a test track 4, a control system 5, a driving device 6, and an acceleration displacement sensor 7.

[0050] Among them, the underwater pressure sensing thin film sensor 3 and the acceleration displacement sensor 7 are acquisition devices. After the underwater pressure sensing thin film is waterproofed, it is arranged and pasted on the surface of the test structure 2 in a bottom-up distributed manner. The underwater pressure sensing thin film can collect the pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 in real time, and the data can be saved through the storage module of the control system 5 for subsequent processing. It is necessary to set the sampling frequency of the underwater pressure sensing thin film sensor 3 to be greater than the natural vibration fundamental frequency of the test structure 2. The applicable underwater pressure sensing thin film sensor 3 in this application can select a distributed optical fiber pressure sensing thin film or a distributed piezoresistive pressure sensing thin film. It should also be noted that each part of the underwater pressure sensing thin film sensor 3 is evenly distributed, and the top of the underwater pressure sensing thin film sensor 3 is higher than the fluid level in the test water tank 1, and the measurement result can reflect the influence of the gravity free surface wave. The acceleration displacement sensor 7 is placed at the top and bottom of the test structure 2 to output the acceleration and displacement U t data of the test structure 2 in real time.

[0051] In this application, the driving device 6 can select a hydraulic cylinder. The test structure 2 and the hydraulic cylinder are fixed by bolts and placed in the test track 4. A slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the test structure 2, and the slider is bolted to the hydraulic cylinder. The slider is arranged in the test track 4, and a directional guide rail is set in the test track 4 so that the slider can only move along the length direction of the test water tank 1. Therefore, the test structure 2 can reciprocate along the length direction of the test water tank 1 under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder. Among them, the friction between the translational movement of the slider and the test track 4 can be ignored; it should be noted that in other embodiments, the driving device 6 can also select a servo motor and a lead screw structure. After the lead screw structure is threadedly connected to the test structure 2, the rotation of the lead screw structure driven by the servo motor can realize the linear movement of the test structure 2.

[0052] The test water tank 1 usually adopts a concrete masonry structure. To meet the test requirements and avoid the secondary reflection of the water body compression wave excited by the structure at the boundary of the test water tank 1 from affecting the measurement result, the internal width of the test water tank 1 is set to be greater than twice the width of the test structure 2, and the internal length of the test water tank 1 is greater than eight times the length of the test structure 2. Absorbing foam is set at the boundary of the test water tank 1 to further improve the test measurement accuracy.

[0053] The test track 4 is set at the bottom inside the test water tank 1, and the hydraulic cylinder also needs to be connected to the control system 5. The control system 5 is integrally installed at the end of the test water tank 1. It can adjust the output power of the hydraulic cylinder in real time through a control algorithm to achieve precise control of the hydraulic cylinder, and then drive the test structure 2 to run a certain stroke in an approximately constant acceleration manner. Among them, the control system 5 includes a power supply module, a command transmission input, and a function self-check module. A number of acceleration displacement sensors 7 are also installed on the surface of the slider. The hydrodynamic pressure of the test structure 2 and the time history measurement data related to the structure movement can be collected and saved by the control system 5.

[0054] Assemble the seismic hydrodynamic added mass test measurement device for the bridge foundation structure in the test water tank 1 and prepare for measurement, specifically including steps 1001 to 1005:

[0055] 1001: Install the test structure 2 on the test track 4 and connect the test structure 2 to the driving device 6;

[0056] 1002: Install the acquisition device on the test structure 2;

[0057] 1003: Connect the control system 5 to the driving device 6 and the acquisition device;

[0058] 1004: Inject clear water into the test water tank 1 to the predetermined test water level;

[0059] 1005: Conduct a function self-check of the test measurement device to ensure that all devices are operating normally.

[0060] Specifically, install the test structure 2 on the test track 4 to ensure that it can move freely along the length direction of the test water tank 1 within the test track 4, and connect the slider to the test structure 2 through the hydraulic cylinder.

[0061] Install the acquisition device on the test structure 2, specifically including: installing the acquisition acceleration displacement sensors 7 on the top and bottom of the test structure 2, that is, installing the acceleration displacement sensors 7 on the top and bottom of the test structure 2 to ensure that the acceleration displacement sensors 7 can accurately collect acceleration and displacement data; paste the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 on the surface of the test structure 2 and determine the acquisition points on the surface of the test structure 2: that is, after waterproof treatment, paste the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 on the surface of the test structure 2 to ensure that each part of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 is evenly distributed and higher than the fluid level in the test water tank 1, and mark the sampling point coordinates (x i , y i , z i ), i = 1, 2,..., n. It is also necessary to calibrate the accuracy and range of each sensor.

[0062] The control system 5 also needs to be integrally installed at the end of the test water tank 1 and connected to the hydraulic cylinder and each sensor by cable or wireless connection, and check and ensure normal communication between each module. Then, inject clear water into the test water tank 1 to the predetermined test water level, and adjust the position of the energy-absorbing blocks on the side walls of the test water tank 1; conduct a self-check on the functions of the test equipment, and detect the working states of the hydraulic cylinder, the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3, and the acceleration displacement sensor 7 through the self-check module in the control system 5 to ensure the normal operation of all equipment.

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, drive the test structure 2 to conduct an immersion transient motion test, and collect the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 and the test acceleration data of the test structure 2, specifically including steps 1010 to step 1011:

[0064] 1010: Repeatedly drive the test structure 2 to conduct an immersion transient motion test along the test track 4 in a set uniform acceleration motion state;

[0065] 1011: During each test, collect the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure 2 and the acceleration data of the test structure 2;

[0066] 1012: Obtain the mean value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure 2 for multiple tests and the mean value of the acceleration data of the test structure 2;

[0067] 1013: Take the mean value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure 2 as the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 and the mean value of the acceleration of the test structure 2 as the test acceleration data of the test structure 2.

[0068] Specifically, first, the working parameters of the hydraulic cylinder need to be set through the control system 5, including acceleration and displacement time history, to ensure that the test structure 2 operates in the set uniform acceleration motion state; then start the control system 5 to drive the test structure 2 to conduct an immersion transient motion along the test track 4. During this process, the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 collects the pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 in real time, and the acceleration displacement sensor 7 collects the acceleration of the test structure 2. It should be noted that 3 - 5 measurement tests need to be repeated to reduce the system error.

[0069] Then calculate the mean value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure 2 for multiple tests and the mean value of the acceleration data of the test structure 2, and transmit the mean value of the collected pressure data and the mean value of the acceleration data to the control system 5 in real time through the data transmission system, and mark them as p t (x i ,y i ,z i ), The motion duration data is saved in the system storage module for subsequent processing.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment: The rigid body surface pressure integration algorithm is used to perform integral calculation on the sampling point data of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3, and the hydrodynamic force distributed along the structure height under the condition of constant acceleration excitation of the test structure 2 is obtained.

[0071] The integral calculation formula is:

[0072]

[0073] K Z =L j / n;

[0074] Where, p t (x i ,y i ,z i ) is the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure, i = 1,..., n, where i is the number of pressure acquisition points at the structure height, j = 0,..., m, where j is the elevation set of the acquisition points on the structure surface, is the unit normal vector on the surface of the acquisition point (x i ,y i ,z i ), is the unit normal vector in the motion direction of the test structure, L j is the covering length of the acquisition points on the surface at the z j height of the test structure, K Z is the density at the acquisition point (x i ,y i ,z i ).

[0075] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment: Since the bottom of the slide rail can be regarded as a smooth interface, the hydrodynamic force of the structure is equal to the inertial force of the structure. Combining the dynamic equation and the integral result P t (z j ) of the resultant hydrodynamic force per unit height of the structure, the hydrodynamic added mass per unit height of the test structure 2 can be calculated; the calculation formula is:

[0076]

[0077] m a (z j ) is the hydrodynamic added mass of the structure; is the input driving acceleration of the system, which is theoretically a constant value.

[0078] After one test is completed, verify the measurement results. According to the variation law of the hydrodynamic added mass of the test structure 2, adjust the test equipment and acceleration input parameters to conduct repeated tests.

[0079] In a second aspect, an experimental measurement device for seismic hydrodynamic added mass of a bridge foundation structure provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: an experimental water tank 1, a test structure 2, a driving device 6, a collection device, and a control system 5. The test structure 2 is arranged inside the experimental water tank 1; the driving device 6 is arranged inside the experimental water tank 1 and is connected to the test structure 2 for driving the test structure 2 to perform an immersion transient motion test inside the experimental water tank 1; the collection device is arranged on the test structure 2 and is used to collect the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 and the test acceleration data of the test structure 2; the control system 5 is connected to the driving device 6 and the collection device and is used to obtain the integral result P of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure 2 based on the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 t (z j ), and based on the integral result P of the resultant force of the hydrodynamic force per unit height of the test structure 2 t (z j ) and the test acceleration data of the test structure 2 obtain the hydrodynamic added mass m of the test structure 2 a (z j ).

[0080] Wherein, a test track 4 is arranged inside the experimental water tank 1. The test track 4 is arranged along the length direction of the experimental water tank 1, and the test structure 2 is slidably connected to the test track 4; the internal width of the experimental water tank 1 is greater than twice the width of the test structure 2, and the internal length of the experimental water tank 1 is greater than eight times the length of the test structure 2; an energy absorption member is arranged on the wall surface of the experimental water tank 1

[0081] Specifically, the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 and the acceleration displacement sensor 7 are collection devices. After the underwater pressure sensing film is waterproofed, it is distributed and pasted on the surface of the test structure 2 from bottom to top. The underwater pressure sensing film can collect the pressure data on the surface of the test structure 2 in real time, and the data can be saved through the storage module of the control system 5 for subsequent processing. It is necessary to set the sampling frequency of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 to be greater than the natural vibration fundamental frequency of the test structure 2. The applicable underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 in the present application can select a distributed optical fiber pressure sensing film or a distributed piezoresistive pressure sensing film. It should also be noted that each part of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 is evenly distributed, and the top of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor 3 is higher than the fluid level in the experimental water tank 1, and the measurement result can reflect the influence of the gravity free surface wave. The acceleration displacement sensor 7 is placed at the top and bottom of the test structure 2 to output the acceleration and displacement U t data

[0082] In this application, the driving device 6 can be a hydraulic cylinder. The test structure 2 and the hydraulic cylinder are fixed by bolts and arranged in the test track 4. A slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the test structure 2, and the slider is bolted to the hydraulic cylinder. The slider is arranged in the test track 4, and a guiding rail is set in the test track 4 so that the slider can only move along the length direction of the test water tank 1. Therefore, the test structure 2 can reciprocate along the test track 4 in the length direction of the test water tank 1 under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder. Among them, the friction between the translational movement of the slider and the test track 4 can be ignored. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the driving device 6 can also be a servo motor and a lead screw structure. After the lead screw structure is threadedly connected to the test structure 2, the servo motor drives the lead screw structure to rotate to achieve the linear movement of the test structure 2.

[0083] The test water tank 1 usually adopts a concrete masonry structure. To meet the test requirements and avoid the secondary reflection of the water compression wave excited by the structure at the boundary of the test water tank 1 affecting the measurement results, the internal width of the test water tank 1 is set to be greater than twice the width of the test structure 2, and the internal length of the test water tank 1 is greater than eight times the length of the test structure 2. Absorbing foam is set at the boundary of the test water tank 1 to further improve the test measurement accuracy.

[0084] The test track 4 is arranged at the bottom end inside the test water tank 1, and the hydraulic cylinder also needs to be connected to the control system 5. The control system 5 is integrally installed at the end of the test water tank 1. It can adjust the output power of the hydraulic cylinder in real time through a control algorithm to achieve precise control of the hydraulic cylinder, and then drive the test structure 2 to run a certain stroke in an approximately constant acceleration manner. Among them, the control system 5 includes a power supply module, a command transmission input, and a function self-check module. A number of acceleration displacement sensors 7 are also installed on the surface of the slider. The hydrodynamic pressure of the test structure 2 and the time history measurement data related to the structure movement can be collected and saved by the control system 5.

[0085] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0086] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0087] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the additional mass of a bridge foundation structure under earthquake water conditions, characterized in that: It includes: driving the test structure (2) to perform a water immersion transient motion test, and collecting test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2) and test acceleration data of the test structure (2); Based on the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2), the integral result P of the resultant force of the dynamic water force per unit height of the test structure (2) is obtained. t (z j ); Based on the test structure (2), the integral result of the resultant force of the dynamic water force per unit height P t (z j ) and test acceleration data of the test structure (2) Get the test structure (2) dynamic water additional mass m a (z j ).

2. The bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test structure (2) is driven to perform a water immersion transient motion test, and test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2) and test acceleration data of the test structure (2) are collected, specifically including: Repeatedly driving the test structure (2) to set a uniformly accelerated motion state to perform a water immersion transient motion test along a test track (4); During each test, pressure data at sampling points on the surface of the test structure (2) and acceleration data of the test structure (2) are collected; Obtaining the average value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure (2) and the average value of the acceleration data of the test structure (2) from multiple tests; The average value of the pressure data at the sampling points on the surface of the test structure (2) is used as the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2), and the average value of the acceleration of the test structure (2) is used as the test acceleration data of the test structure (2).

3. The bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: K Z =L j / n; Among them, p t (x i ,y i ,z i ) is the test pressure data of the test structure surface, i = 1, ..., n, i is the number of pressure collection points at the structure height, j = 0, ..., m, j is the height set of the collection points on the structure surface, is the collection point (x i ,y i ,z i ) surface unit normal vector, is the unit normal vector of the test structure’s motion direction, L j For the test structure z j Coverage length of surface collection points at height, K Z is the collection point (x i ,y i ,z i ) density.

4. The bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that:

5. The bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before driving the test structure (2) to perform a water immersion transient motion test and collecting test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2) and test acceleration data of the test structure (2), the method further comprises: A bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measuring device is assembled in a test water tank (1) to prepare for measurement.

6. The bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Assembling a bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measuring device in a test water tank (1) and preparing for measurement, specifically comprising: Installing the test structure (2) on the test track (4), and connecting the test structure (2) to the driving device (6); Installing a collection device on the test structure (2); Connecting the control system (5) with the driving device (6) and the collecting device; Filling the test water tank (1) with clean water to a predetermined test water level; Perform functional self-test of the test measuring device to ensure that all equipment is operating normally.

7. The method for measuring the additional mass of the bridge foundation structure caused by earthquake water motion as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A collection device is installed on the test structure (2), specifically comprising: Installing acceleration and displacement sensors (7) at the top and bottom of the test structure (2); Paste the underwater pressure sensing film sensor (3) on the surface of the test structure (2), and determine the collection point on the surface of the test structure (2); The various parts of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor (3) are evenly distributed, and the top of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor (3) is higher than the liquid level of the fluid in the test water tank (1).

8. The method for measuring the additional mass of the bridge foundation structure caused by earthquake water motion as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The sampling frequency of the underwater pressure sensing film sensor (3) is set to be greater than the natural vibration fundamental frequency of the test structure (2).

9. A bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test measurement device, characterized in that: It includes: Test water tank (1); A test structure (2), wherein the test structure (2) is arranged inside the test water tank (1); A driving device (6), the driving device (6) being arranged inside the test water tank (1) and connected to the test structure (2), and being used to drive the test structure (2) to perform a water immersion transient motion test inside the test water tank (1); A collection device, the collection device is arranged on the test structure (2) and is used to collect test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2) and test acceleration data of the test structure (2); A control system (5), the control system (5) being connected to the driving device (6) and the acquisition device, and being used to obtain the integral result P of the resultant force of the dynamic water force per unit height of the test structure (2) based on the test pressure data on the surface of the test structure (2). t (z j ), based on the test structure (2) the integral result of the unit height hydrodynamic force P t (z j ) and test acceleration data of the test structure (2) Get the test structure (2) dynamic water additional mass m a (z j ).

10. The bridge foundation structure seismic water additional mass test and measurement device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A test track (4) is arranged inside the test water tank (1), the test track (4) is arranged along the length direction of the test water tank (1), and the test structure (2) is slidably connected to the test track (4); The internal width of the test water tank (1) is greater than twice the width of the test structure (2), and the internal length of the test water tank (1) is greater than eight times the length of the test structure (2); An energy absorbing member is arranged on the wall surface of the test water tank (1).

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