Rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology department

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of evaluation of gestational diabetes mellitus, in particular to a rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in the obstetrics and gynecology department. The method comprises the steps of 1, medical history inquiry and physical examination; step 2, blood glucose detection; step 3, evaluating a result; 4, making a treatment plan; step 5, follow-up visit and management; in the diagnosis process, gestational diabetes mellitus can be quickly and accurately diagnosed, a patient can be found as early as possible, effective intervention measures can be taken, the risk of complications is reduced, meanwhile, the acceptability and compliance of the patient can be improved through a convenient detection mode, the overall treatment effect is improved, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. The diagnosis method with high sensitivity and specificity can also reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and more accurate and personalized medical services are provided for patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gestational diabetes assessment, and specifically to a rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes in obstetrics and gynecology. Background Art

[0002] Pregnancy complicated with diabetes includes diabetes in pregnant women and gestational diabetes; Gestational diabetes is hyperglycemia of varying degrees caused by varying degrees of glucose tolerance abnormalities and diabetes discovered or onset during pregnancy. According to its definition, this type of diabetes includes diabetes that already existed before pregnancy but was diagnosed during pregnancy and hyperglycemia that occurs during pregnancy. At the same time, it includes both diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose; Some patients have been diagnosed with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance before pregnancy and continue to exist or progress after pregnancy. To facilitate the study of the relationship between pregnancy and diabetes and improve the level of clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment, gestational diabetes refers to the general term for impaired glucose tolerance, abnormal fasting blood glucose and diabetes discovered or onset during pregnancy. Poor control of gestational diabetes can lead to serious short-term and long-term maternal and fetal complications and sequelae. Current research shows that age, obesity, race, adverse pregnancy history and family history of diabetes are the main factors affecting gestational diabetes;

[0003] Traditional diagnostic methods often require a long waiting time and the operation process is relatively complex, which is not conducive to timely intervention and treatment. In addition, how to improve the sensitivity and specificity of detection while ensuring the comfort of patients is also a key problem that needs to be solved by current technologies. For this reason, a rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes in obstetrics and gynecology is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes in obstetrics and gynecology to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes in obstetrics and gynecology includes the following steps;

[0006] Step 1. Medical history inquiry and physical examination;

[0007] Step 2. Blood glucose detection;

[0008] Step 3. Result evaluation;

[0009] Step 4. Formulate a treatment plan;

[0010] Step 5. Follow-up and management.

[0011] More preferably, in the first step, the age of the pregnant woman is asked, as well as her height, pre-pregnancy weight and current weight. The body mass index is calculated. It is understood whether the pregnant woman has ever suffered from diabetes or other endocrine diseases. It is asked whether there is a history of gestational diabetes. It is understood whether the pregnant woman has ever had an adverse pregnancy or childbirth history. It is asked whether there are any diabetic patients in the pregnant woman's family. The gestational age of this pregnancy is asked. It is understood about the pregnant woman's diet during pregnancy. It is asked about the pregnant woman's activity level during pregnancy. It is asked whether there are any symptoms related to gestational diabetes.

[0012] More preferably, in the second step, the oral glucose tolerance test method is used for blood glucose detection. Three days before the test, the pregnant woman needs to maintain a normal diet, with a daily carbohydrate intake of not less than 150 grams. Before the test, she needs to fast for 8 - 14 hours. First, the medical staff draws her venous blood, with a blood collection volume of 2 - 3 ml, for measuring the fasting blood glucose value. After blood collection, the pregnant woman should remain in a quiet rest state, avoiding strenuous exercise or emotional excitement. 75 grams of anhydrous glucose is dissolved in 200 - 300 ml of warm boiled water. After fully stirring evenly, the pregnant woman drinks it within 5 minutes. Starting from the time of drinking the glucose water, at 1 hour and 2 hours later, the medical staff draws the pregnant woman's venous blood again, with the same blood collection volume of 2 - 3 ml each time, for measuring the blood glucose values at these two time points.

[0013] More preferably, in the third step, the results are evaluated based on the detection data in the second step. If the fasting blood glucose of the pregnant woman ≥ 5.1 mmol / L, or the 1-hour blood glucose ≥ 10.0 mmol / L, or the 2-hour blood glucose ≥ 8.5 mmol / L, meeting any one of the above criteria can diagnose gestational diabetes.

[0014] More preferably, in the fourth step, the fourth step includes medical nutrition therapy, exercise therapy and drug therapy. For the medical nutrition therapy, according to the body mass index of the pregnant woman, her pre-pregnancy nutritional status and eating habits are understood, and a targeted nutrition plan is formulated.

[0015] More preferably, in the fourth step, for the exercise therapy, before formulating an exercise plan, the physical condition of the pregnant woman is evaluated, including gestational age, whether there are any obstetric or medical complications, and exercise habits, and an exercise plan is formulated to ensure the safety of the exercise.

[0016] More preferably, in the fourth step, for the drug therapy, when diet and exercise therapy cannot effectively control blood glucose, drug therapy is considered, and suitable drugs are selected according to the actual situation of the pregnant woman.

[0017] Further preferably, in the fifth step, after being diagnosed with gestational diabetes, the pregnant woman increases the frequency of prenatal check-ups. The pregnant woman needs to continue self-monitoring of blood glucose according to the doctor's guidance and record the results of each blood glucose monitoring, including the monitoring time, blood glucose value, diet, and exercise. During the prenatal check-up, the recorded information is provided to the doctor, who accurately judges the blood glucose control effect, timely adjusts the treatment plan, regularly evaluates the pregnant woman's diet, and adjusts the diet plan in a timely manner according to the pregnant woman's weight change, blood glucose control effect, and fetal development. As the gestational week increases and the physical condition of the pregnant woman changes, the exercise plan is adjusted accordingly. According to the blood glucose monitoring results of the pregnant woman, the doctor timely adjusts the dosage of the drug.

[0018] Due to the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the following advantages:

[0019] In the process of diagnosis of the present invention, gestational diabetes can be diagnosed quickly and accurately, patients can be detected early and effective intervention measures can be taken, thereby reducing the risk of complications. At the same time, the convenient detection method helps to improve the acceptance and compliance of patients, and then enhances the overall treatment effect. The diagnostic method with high sensitivity and specificity can also reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, providing more accurate and personalized medical services for patients.

[0020] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than restrictive.

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes in obstetrics and gynecology, including the following steps;

[0026] Step 1. Medical history inquiry and physical examination;

[0027] Step 2. Blood glucose detection;

[0028] Step 3. Result evaluation;

[0029] Step 4. Formulate a treatment plan;

[0030] Step 5. Follow-up and management.

[0031] In one embodiment, in Step 1, inquire about the age of the pregnant woman, inquire about the height, pre-pregnancy weight and current weight of the pregnant woman, calculate the body mass index, understand whether the pregnant woman has ever suffered from diabetes or other endocrine diseases, inquire about whether there is a history of gestational diabetes, understand whether the pregnant woman has ever had a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth, inquire whether there are diabetic patients in the family of the pregnant woman, inquire about the gestational week of this pregnancy, understand the dietary situation during the pregnancy of the pregnant woman, inquire about the activity level during the pregnancy of the pregnant woman, and inquire about whether there are symptoms related to gestational diabetes; through detailed medical history inquiry and comprehensive physical examination, the risk degree of the pregnant woman suffering from gestational diabetes can be initially understood, providing a basis for subsequent further laboratory tests, so as to diagnose gestational diabetes more accurately.

[0032] In one embodiment, in Step 2, use the oral glucose tolerance test method for blood glucose detection. Three days before the test, the pregnant woman needs to maintain a normal diet, with the daily carbohydrate intake not less than 150 grams. Before the test, she needs to fast for 8 - 14 hours. The medical staff first draws her venous blood, and the blood collection volume is 2 - 3 milliliters for measuring the fasting blood glucose value. After blood collection, the pregnant woman should keep quiet and rest, avoiding strenuous exercise or emotional excitement. Dissolve 75 grams of anhydrous glucose in 200 - 300 milliliters of warm boiled water, stir well, and the pregnant woman drinks it within 5 minutes. Starting from the time of drinking the glucose water, at 1 hour and 2 hours respectively, the medical staff draws the venous blood of the pregnant woman again, and the blood collection volume each time is also 2 - 3 milliliters for measuring the blood glucose values at these two time points; the oral glucose tolerance test is the gold standard method for diagnosing gestational diabetes, and other detection methods such as glycated hemoglobin detection, random blood glucose detection, fasting blood glucose detection, etc. can be used as auxiliary means to help quickly screen out pregnant women who may suffer from gestational diabetes, so as to further confirm the diagnosis and take corresponding treatment and management measures.

[0033] In one embodiment, in step three, the results are evaluated based on the detection data in step two. If the fasting blood glucose of the pregnant woman is ≥5.1 mmol / L, or the 1-hour blood glucose is ≥10.0 mmol / L, or the 2-hour blood glucose is ≥8.5 mmol / L, and any one of the above criteria is met, it can be diagnosed as gestational diabetes; accurately evaluating the results of various blood glucose detection methods is crucial for the timely detection and diagnosis of gestational diabetes, so that corresponding treatment and management measures can be taken as early as possible to ensure the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus.

[0034] In one embodiment, in step four, step four includes medical nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, and drug therapy. For medical nutrition therapy, based on the body mass index of the pregnant woman, understand her pre-pregnancy nutritional status and eating habits, and formulate a targeted nutrition plan; when formulating a treatment plan, factors such as the gestational week, physical condition, eating habits, and exercise habits of the pregnant woman should be comprehensively considered, and the treatment plan should be continuously adjusted according to the blood glucose monitoring results and the physical changes of the pregnant woman during the treatment process to achieve the best treatment effect and ensure the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus.

[0035] In one embodiment, in step four, for exercise therapy, before formulating an exercise plan, evaluate the physical condition of the pregnant woman, including the gestational week, whether there are obstetric or medical complications, and exercise habits, and formulate an exercise plan to ensure the safety of the exercise.

[0036] In one embodiment, in step four, for drug therapy, when diet and exercise therapy cannot effectively control blood glucose, consider using drug therapy and select a suitable drug according to the actual situation of the pregnant woman.

[0037] In one embodiment, in step five, after being diagnosed with gestational diabetes, the pregnant woman increases the frequency of prenatal examinations. The pregnant woman needs to continue self-monitoring of blood glucose under the guidance of a doctor and record the results of each blood glucose monitoring, including the monitoring time, blood glucose value, diet situation, and exercise situation. At the prenatal examination, provide the recorded information to the doctor. The doctor accurately judges the blood glucose control effect, adjusts the treatment plan in a timely manner, regularly evaluates the diet situation of the pregnant woman, and adjusts the diet plan in a timely manner according to the weight change of the pregnant woman, the blood glucose control effect, and the fetal development situation. As the gestational week increases and the physical condition of the pregnant woman changes, adjust the exercise plan accordingly. According to the blood glucose monitoring results of the pregnant woman, the doctor adjusts the dose of the drug in a timely manner; through reasonable follow-up and management measures, the changes in the condition of pregnant women with gestational diabetes can be understood in a timely manner, the treatment plan can be adjusted, the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus can be ensured, and the quality of life of the mother and baby can be improved.

[0038] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims described.

Claims

1. A rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology, characterized by: The steps include: Step 1: Medical history and physical examination; Step 2: Blood sugar test; Step 3: Result evaluation; Step 4: Develop a treatment plan; Step 5: Follow-up and management.

2. A rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the pregnant woman is asked about her age, height, pre-pregnancy weight and current weight, her body mass index is calculated, whether she has ever had diabetes or other endocrine diseases, whether she has a history of gestational diabetes, whether she has a history of adverse pregnancy and delivery, whether there are any diabetic patients in her family, the gestational age of the current pregnancy, her diet during pregnancy, her activity level during pregnancy, and whether she has symptoms related to gestational diabetes.

3. The rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, an oral glucose tolerance test is used to test blood glucose. Three days before the test, pregnant women need to maintain a normal diet with a daily carbohydrate intake of no less than 150 grams. They need to fast for 8-14 hours before the test. Medical staff first draw venous blood from them with a blood volume of 2-3 ml for measuring fasting blood glucose values. After blood collection, pregnant women should remain quiet and rest, avoid strenuous exercise or emotional excitement. 75 grams of anhydrous glucose is dissolved in 200-300 ml of warm boiled water. After fully stirring, the pregnant woman drinks it within 5 minutes. The timing starts from the beginning of drinking glucose water. After 1 hour and 2 hours respectively, medical staff draw venous blood from the pregnant woman again with a blood volume of 2-3 ml each time for measuring blood glucose values ​​at these two time points.

4. The rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the results are evaluated based on the test data in step two. If the pregnant woman's fasting blood glucose is ≥5.1mmol / L, or 1-hour blood glucose is ≥10.0mmol / L, or 2-hour blood glucose is ≥8.5mmol / L, and any of the above criteria is met, she can be diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

5. The rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, step four includes medical nutrition therapy, exercise therapy and drug therapy. The medical nutrition therapy is based on the pregnant woman's body mass index, understands her pre-pregnancy nutritional status and eating habits, and develops a targeted nutrition plan.

6. A rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, before formulating an exercise plan for exercise therapy, the physical condition of the pregnant woman is assessed, including gestational age, whether there are obstetric or medical complications, and exercise habits, and an exercise plan is formulated to ensure the safety of the exercise.

7. A rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, when diet and exercise therapy cannot effectively control blood sugar, drug therapy is considered, and appropriate drugs are selected according to the actual situation of the pregnant woman.

8. The rapid diagnosis method for gestational diabetes mellitus in obstetrics and gynecology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, after being diagnosed with gestational diabetes, the pregnant woman increases the frequency of prenatal checkups. She needs to continue self-monitoring of blood sugar according to the doctor's instructions and record the results of each blood sugar monitoring, including monitoring time, blood sugar value, diet, and exercise. During the prenatal checkup, the recorded information is provided to the doctor, who accurately judges the effect of blood sugar control, adjusts the treatment plan in time, regularly evaluates the pregnant woman's diet, and makes timely adjustments to the diet plan based on the pregnant woman's weight changes, blood sugar control effects, and fetal development. As the gestational age increases and the pregnant woman's physical condition changes, the exercise plan is adjusted accordingly. Based on the pregnant woman's blood sugar monitoring results, the doctor adjusts the dosage of the drug in a timely manner.

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