Artificial breeding method of coral with hard bone

Abstract

The invention provides an artificial breeding method of hard-bone coral, and particularly relates to the technical field of coral breeding. The artificial breeding method comprises the following steps: constructing a strong-light and oligotrophic water body environment in a temperature-controllable artificial breeding water body; transferring the scleroderma coral into the water body environment for ecological adaptation; adding a trace element additive into the water body environment after the coral scleroderm adapts, and establishing a periodic supplement mechanism of 6-9 days after the trace element additive is added for the first time; a Berlin system is adopted in the breeding process to achieve continuous circulation treatment of the water body. According to the method, through organic integration of photochemical regulation and control, a nutrition limitation strategy and an engineering circulatory system, the immunocompetence of the coral is improved while the growth condition of the ornamental hard-bone coral is improved, and the survival rate and the growth rate of the artificially cultured coral are effectively increased. The culture medium has the technical advantages that the culture medium can be widely applied to culture of ornamental hard-bone coral in the aquarium market, and has a wide market prospect and application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coral cultivation, in particular to an artificial cultivation method of hard coral. Background Art

[0002] The coral reef ecosystem is known as the "tropical rainforest in the ocean". It is one of the most biodiverse, complex and productive ecosystems on Earth, and has made great contributions to the prosperity of marine fishery resources. In addition, corals are deeply loved by humans for their colorful appearance and have extremely high ornamental value. However, with the intensification of the greenhouse effect and the impact of human activities such as wastewater discharge into the sea, corals that grow naturally in the ocean are facing severe survival challenges. At the same time, with the rapid development of the economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for cultivated ornamental corals is also growing continuously. Therefore, improving the artificial breeding technology of corals will not only help promote the growth of corals, protect the coral reef ecosystem, and maintain biodiversity, but also meet the market demand for ornamental corals, which is of great significance.

[0003] In the current aquarium market, the growth state of ornamental corals is often seriously affected and declines sharply after a series of links such as sales, packaging and transportation. In addition, the cultivation environment provided by the existing artificial coral cultivation technology is usually difficult to maintain the most suitable conditions for coral growth for a long time, which also greatly restricts the growth of corals. In view of this, the market urgently needs a cultivation technology and method that can effectively improve the growth state of artificially cultivated corals.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an artificial cultivation method of hard coral, aiming to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides an artificial cultivation method for hard corals, comprising the following steps: constructing a strong light and oligotrophic water environment in a temperature-controllable artificial cultivation water body; moving hard corals into the water environment for ecological adaptation; after the hard corals have adapted, adding trace element additives to the water environment, and establishing a periodic supplement mechanism of 6 to 9 days after the first addition; and using the Berlin system to achieve continuous circulation treatment of the water body during the cultivation process.

[0008] Furthermore, in the strong light and oligotrophic water environment, the wavelength of light is in the blue-violet light range, the light intensity is 20000-24000K, the light cycle is 8-12 hours, and the remaining time is a dark cycle.

[0009] Preferably, in the water environment, the temperature is 24-25°C, the salinity is 25-29‰, and the pH is 8.1-8.3.

[0010] Preferably, in the water environment, the bicarbonate concentration is 6.7-7.7, the calcium ion content is 410-440 ppm, the magnesium ion content is 1380-1420 ppm, the phosphate ion content is 0.01-0.04 ppm, and the nitrate ion content is 1-2 ppm.

[0011] Furthermore, the trace element additives are composed of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives.

[0012] The cationic trace element additive includes SrCl 2 , Fe-EDTA, Mn-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, Ni-EDTA, BaCl 2 , CuCl 2 、CoCl 2 , LiCl and distilled water.

[0013] The anionic trace element additives include NaBr, H 3 BO 3 、Na 2 MoO 4 , KI, KF, Na 2 CrO 4 and distilled water.

[0014] Furthermore, in terms of weight, the cationic trace element additive includes SrCl 2 70-150 parts, Fe-EDTA 5-15 parts, Mn-EDTA 1-2 parts, Zn-EDTA 0.5-1 parts, Ni-EDTA 0.01-0.05 parts, BaCl 2 0.5~1 parts, CuCl 2 0.1~0.5 parts, CoCl 2 0.001-0.01 parts, LiCl 1-1.5 parts and distilled water 1000 parts.

[0015] Furthermore, the anionic trace element additive includes 100 to 150 parts of NaBr, H 3 BO 3 20 to 30 servings, Na 2 MoO4 0.4~1 parts, KI 1~1.5 parts, KF 6~20 parts, Na 2 CrO 4 0.001-0.005 parts and 1000 parts of distilled water.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of the trace element additive comprises the following steps:

[0017] A. SrCl 2 , Fe-EDTA, Mn-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, Ni-EDTA, BaCl 2 , CuCl 2 、CoCl 2 and LiCl are added to distilled water and mixed evenly to obtain a clear solution to obtain a cationic trace element additive;

[0018] B. NaBr, H 3 BO 3 、Na 2 MoO 4 , KI, KF and Na 2 CrO 4 Add to distilled water and mix evenly until a clear solution is obtained to obtain an anionic trace element additive.

[0019] Furthermore, the ecological adaptation period is 2 to 4 weeks.

[0020] Furthermore, the hard coral includes Acropora.

[0021] Preferably, the Berlin system comprises live rocks, a protein skimmer, a water flow system and a lighting system.

[0022] Furthermore, the added amount of the trace element additive is 0.1-0.2 g / kg water.

[0023] Preferably, when periodically supplementing, the trace element additive is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 g / kg water.

[0024] Furthermore, the time interval between adding the cationic trace element additive and the anionic trace element additive is greater than 1 hour.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The artificial breeding method provided by the present invention effectively inhibits the competitive proliferation of large algae by optimizing environmental parameters under a strong light-coordinated oligotrophic system, while maintaining the photosynthetic efficiency of zooxanthellae, thereby promoting the positive energy accumulation of corals. The method combines the Berlin circulation system to achieve efficient circulation of water bodies, and avoids the risk of ammonia nitrogen toxicity by accurately regulating water quality. By periodically supplementing trace elements, the calcification rate of corals is significantly improved, the density of zooxanthellae is stabilized, the symbiotic system is strengthened, and the stress resistance of corals is significantly enhanced. The method successfully breaks through the calcification bottleneck in the artificial breeding of hard corals through the organic integration of photochemical regulation, nutrient restriction strategy and engineered circulation system, and provides a reliable technical path for coral conservation and marine ecological restoration. While improving the growth of ornamental hard corals, the method significantly improves the immunity of corals and effectively improves the survival rate and growth rate of artificially cultured corals. Its technical advantages enable it to be widely used in the cultivation of ornamental hard corals in the aquarium market, with broad market prospects and application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is the result of detecting the change of coral wet weight;

[0029] Figure 2 This is the result of testing the calcium and magnesium content in corals;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the result of testing crude protein content in corals;

[0031] Figure 4 This is the result of coral immunity test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] Hereinafter, the terms "including", "having" and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of the present invention, are intended only to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items, and should not be understood as first excluding the existence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items.

[0034] The first aspect of the present invention provides an artificial cultivation method for hard corals, comprising the following steps: constructing a strong light and oligotrophic water environment in a temperature-controllable artificial cultivation water body; moving hard corals into the water environment for ecological adaptation; after the hard corals have adapted, adding trace element additives to the water environment, and establishing a periodic supplement mechanism of 6 to 9 days after the first addition; and using the Berlin system to achieve continuous circulation treatment of the water body during the cultivation process.

[0035] The artificial breeding method provided by the present invention effectively inhibits the competitive proliferation of large algae by optimizing environmental parameters under a strong light-coordinated oligotrophic system, while maintaining the photosynthetic efficiency of zooxanthellae, thereby promoting the positive energy accumulation of corals. The method combines the Berlin circulation system to achieve efficient circulation of water bodies, and avoids the risk of ammonia nitrogen toxicity by accurately regulating water quality. By periodically supplementing trace elements, the calcification rate of corals is significantly improved, the density of zooxanthellae is stabilized, the symbiotic system is strengthened, and the stress resistance of corals is significantly enhanced. The method successfully breaks through the calcification bottleneck in the artificial breeding of hard corals through the organic integration of photochemical regulation, nutrient restriction strategy and engineered circulation system, and provides a reliable technical path for coral conservation and marine ecological restoration. While improving the growth of ornamental hard corals, the method significantly improves the immunity of corals and effectively improves the survival rate and growth rate of artificially cultured corals. Its technical advantages enable it to be widely used in the cultivation of ornamental hard corals in the aquarium market, with broad market prospects and application potential.

[0036] Furthermore, in the strong light and oligotrophic water environment, the wavelength of light is in the blue-violet light range, the light intensity is 20000-24000K, the light cycle is 8-12 hours, and the remaining time is a dark cycle.

[0037] Typically but not limiting, the light intensity can be, for example, 20000K, 21000K, 22000K, 23000K or 24000K, or any value in the range of 20000K to 24000K; the light cycle can be, for example, 8 hours, 9 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours or 12 hours, or any value in the range of 8 to 12 hours; the dark cycle is the remaining time, i.e., 16 hours, 15 hours, 14 hours, 13 hours or 12 hours, or any value in the range of 12 to 16 hours.

[0038] When writing the light cycle, "10L / 14D" is used to indicate a 10-hour light period to activate the photosynthesis system of the coral symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae); a 14-hour dark cycle to simulate the natural circadian rhythm and promote the metabolic balance of corals.

[0039] Preferably, in the water environment, the temperature is 24-25°C, the salinity is 25-29‰, and the pH is 8.1-8.3.

[0040] Typically but not restrictively, the temperature in the water environment can be, for example, 24°C, 24.5°C, 25°C, or any value within the range of 24°C to 25°C; the salinity can be, for example, 25‰, 26‰, 27‰, 28‰, 29‰, or any value within the range of 25‰ to 29‰; the pH value can be, for example, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, or any value within the range of 8.1 to 8.3.

[0041] Preferably, in the water environment, the bicarbonate concentration is 6.7-7.7, the calcium ion content is 410-440 ppm, the magnesium ion content is 1380-1420 ppm, the phosphate ion content is 0.01-0.04 ppm, and the nitrate ion content is 1-2 ppm.

[0042] Typically but not limiting, the bicarbonate concentration may be, for example, 6.7, 7.0, 7.3, 7.7, or any value within the range of 6.7 to 7.7; the calcium ion content may be, for example, 410ppm, 420ppm, 430ppm, 440ppm, or any value within the range of 410 to 440ppm; the magnesium ion content may be, for example, 1380ppm, 1400ppm, 1420ppm, or any value within the range of 1380 to 1420ppm; the phosphate ion content may be, for example, 0.01ppm, 0.02ppm, 0.03ppm, 0.04ppm, or any value within the range of 0.01 to 0.04ppm; the nitrate ion content may be, for example, 1ppm, 1.5ppm, 2ppm, or any value within the range of 1 to 2ppm. The bicarbonate concentration is represented by the KH value.

[0043] The present invention aims to meet the photosynthesis requirements of coral symbiotic algae by setting strong light culture conditions, providing them with sufficient light energy, thereby providing energy and material basis for the growth, development and reproduction of corals. At the same time, strong light conditions can promote corals to synthesize pigments, meet the market demand for artificially cultivated ornamental corals, and help them better adapt to artificial breeding environments by regulating the physiological rhythms of corals. In addition, the present invention simulates the natural growth state of corals in seawater by setting oligotrophic culture conditions, maintaining their original physiological characteristics and ecological functions. Such conditions can effectively prevent harmful algae from over-breeding in a eutrophic environment, reduce the disease risk and competitive pressure of corals, maintain the balanced relationship between corals and symbiotic algae, and improve the stability and efficiency of the symbiotic system. Through the synergistic effect of strong light and oligotrophic conditions, the present invention provides a scientific basis for the healthy growth of corals and the optimization of the symbiotic system, and lays a foundation for the sustainable development of artificially cultivated corals.

[0044] Furthermore, the trace element additives are composed of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives.

[0045] The cationic trace element additive includes SrCl 2 , Fe-EDTA, Mn-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, Ni-EDTA, BaCl 2 , CuCl 2 、CoCl 2 , LiCl and distilled water.

[0046] The anionic trace element additives include NaBr, H 3 BO 3 、Na 2 MoO 4 , KI, KF, Na 2 CrO 4 and distilled water.

[0047] Trace element additives contain rich types of trace elements, the product state is stable, and the elements have high bioavailability. They can effectively promote the growth of ornamental hard corals and improve the corals' own immunity.

[0048] Furthermore, in terms of weight, the cationic trace element additive includes SrCl 2 70-150 parts, Fe-EDTA 5-15 parts, Mn-EDTA 1-2 parts, Zn-EDTA 0.5-1 parts, Ni-EDTA 0.01-0.05 parts, BaCl 2 0.5~1 parts, CuCl 2 0.1~0.5 parts, CoCl 20.001-0.01 parts, LiCl 1-1.5 parts and distilled water 1000 parts.

[0049] Typical, but not limiting, cationic trace element additives include SrCl 2 The number of parts of can be, for example, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 140 parts, 150 parts, or any value within the range of 70 to 150 parts; the number of parts of Fe-EDTA can be, for example, 5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, or any value within the range of 5 to 15 parts; the number of parts of Mn-EDTA can be, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, or any value within the range of 1 to 2 parts; the number of parts of Zn-EDTA can be, for example, 0.5 parts, 0.7 parts, 1 part, or any value within the range of 0.5 to 1 part; the number of parts of Ni-EDTA can be, for example, 0.01 parts, 0.02 parts, 0.03 parts, 0.04 parts, 0.05 parts, or any value within the range of 0.01 to 0.05 parts; BaCl 2 The number of parts can be, for example, 0.5 part, 0.7 part, 1 part, or any value within the range of 0.5 to 1 part; CuCl 2 The number of parts can be, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, or any value within the range of 0.1 to 0.5 part; CoCl 2 The number of parts of can be, for example, 0.001 parts, 0.005 parts, 0.01 parts, or any value within the range of 0.001 to 0.01 parts; the number of parts of LiCl can be, for example, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, or any value within the range of 1 to 1.5 parts.

[0050] Furthermore, the anionic trace element additive includes 100 to 150 parts of NaBr, H 3 BO 3 20 to 30 servings, Na 2 MoO 4 0.4~1 parts, KI 1~1.5 parts, KF 6~20 parts, Na 2 CrO 4 0.001-0.005 parts and 1000 parts of distilled water.

[0051] Typically but not limiting, the amount of NaBr in the anionic trace element additive may be, for example, 100 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 140 parts, 150 parts, or any value within the range of 100 to 150 parts; H 3 BO 3The number of parts can be, for example, 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, or any value within the range of 20 to 30 parts; Na 2 MoO 4 The number of parts of can be, for example, 0.4 parts, 0.5 parts, 0.7 parts, 1 parts, or any value within the range of 0.4 to 1 parts; the number of parts of KI can be, for example, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, or any value within the range of 1 to 1.5 parts; the number of parts of KF can be, for example, 6 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, or any value within the range of 6 to 20 parts; Na 2 CrO 4 The number of parts may be, for example, 0.001 parts, 0.002 parts, 0.003 parts, 0.004 parts, 0.005 parts, or any value within the range of 0.001 to 0.005 parts; the number of parts of distilled water is 1000 parts.

[0052] Furthermore, the preparation method of the trace element additive comprises the following steps:

[0053] A. SrCl 2 , Fe-EDTA, Mn-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, Ni-EDTA, BaCl 2 , CuCl 2 、CoCl 2 and LiCl are added to distilled water and mixed evenly to obtain a clear solution to obtain a cationic trace element additive;

[0054] B. NaBr, H 3 BO 3 、Na 2 MoO 4 , KI, KF and Na 2 CrO 4 Add to distilled water and mix evenly until a clear solution is obtained to obtain an anionic trace element additive.

[0055] Furthermore, the ecological adaptation period is 2 to 4 weeks.

[0056] Furthermore, the hard coral includes Acropora.

[0057] Preferably, the Berlin system includes live rocks, a protein skimmer, a water flow system and a lighting system. The core components of the Berlin system include a large protein skimmer, one or more filter tanks for cultivating live rocks and live sand, and a sedimentation tank for precipitation and collection of residues. The protein skimmer uses the principle of bubbles to separate organic waste and protein from the water, thereby reducing pollutants and ammonia nitrogen content in the water and keeping the water clean and transparent. Live rocks and live sand are key components of the Berlin system. They provide habitats for a large number of microorganisms, which convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrites through nitrification and further into nitrates, thereby achieving biological purification of water quality. In addition, live rocks and live sand can also provide rich nutrients and minerals for organisms in the aquarium, promoting the growth of corals and other marine organisms.

[0058] Furthermore, the added amount of the trace element additive is 0.1-0.2 g / kg water.

[0059] By controlling the amount of trace element additives added within the range of 0.1 to 0.2 g / kg water, the coral's demand for trace elements at different growth stages can be accurately met, avoiding growth restrictions caused by insufficient addition or element concentration fluctuations caused by excessive addition, thereby ensuring the healthy growth of corals.

[0060] In specific use, the amount of trace element additives added per kilogram of water can be, for example, 0.1g, 0.12g, 0.14g, 0.16g, 0.18g or 0.2g, or any value within the range of 0.1 to 0.2g.

[0061] Preferably, when periodically supplementing, the trace element additive is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 g / kg water.

[0062] Furthermore, the time interval between adding the cationic trace element additive and the anionic trace element additive is greater than 1 hour.

[0063] The present invention requires that the addition of cationic and anionic trace element additives should be done at intervals of more than 1 hour, which significantly improves the efficiency of coral cultivation through multi-dimensional synergy. 2+ , Ba 2+ ) and anions (such as MoO 4 2- CrO 4 2- ) precipitation reaction caused by direct contact, and optimize the bioavailability of elements through EDTA chelate stability; secondly, match the absorption sequence of coral calcification layer and symbiotic algae to improve the efficiency of ion transmembrane transport; at the same time, maintain water quality stability, reduce pH fluctuations, and avoid I - Oxidation losses.

[0064] The present invention is further described below by specific examples and comparative examples, but it should be understood that these examples are only used for more detailed description and should not be understood as limiting the present invention in any form. The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, if no specific conditions are specified, are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for artificially cultivating scleractinian corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0067] 1. Breeding environment: The corals were cultured in an aquarium with a size of 120cm×60cm×40cm and a Berlin system. The water quality conditions were set as follows: temperature 24.5℃, salinity 27‰, pH 8.2, KH 7.2, Ca 2+ Content 425ppm, Mg 2+ Content 1400ppm, PO 4 3- Content 0.025ppm, NO 3 - The content is 1.5ppm. The lighting conditions are set as follows: the light cycle is 10L / 14D, and the 80W LED blue-violet lamp provides 24000k intensity light. Keep the water circulation and monitor the water quality regularly. When the water quality reaches the conditions suitable for coral growth, put the corals in for the experiment.

[0068] 2. Coral selection: Select 3 healthy Staghorn corals (Acropora, Acroporidae, Scleractinia, Hexacorallia, Cnidaria) with similar growth and place them in the above culture system respectively. After the water quality conditions are stable and the corals have adapted to the culture system for 14 days, carry out group experiments according to the experimental requirements.

[0069] 3. Conditions for adding trace elements: Add 0.2g of trace element additives per kilogram of water in the aquarium, including 0.1g each of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives.

[0070] Among cationic trace element additives, SrCl 2 6H 2 O 120 parts, Fe-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 FeN 2 NaO 8) 10 parts, Mn-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 Mn 2 NaO 8 ) 1.5 parts, Zn-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 ZnN 2 NaO 8 ) 0.7 parts, BaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 1 part, CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O0.1 parts, Ni-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 Ni 2 NaO 8 ·xH 2 O) 0.03 parts, CoCl 2 6H 2 Add 0.007 parts of O and 1.2 parts of LiCl into 1L of distilled water and mix until the solution is clear.

[0071] In the anionic trace element additive, NaBr 130 parts, H 3 BO 3 29 copies, Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O0.5 parts, KI 1.2 parts, KF·2H 2 O 10 parts, Na 2 CrO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.004 parts is added to 1L of distilled water and mixed until the solution is clear.

[0072] 4. Every 7 days, add 0.2g of trace element additives per kilogram of water in the aquarium, including 0.1g of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives. The interval between cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives is greater than 1 hour. In addition, replace 20% of the water in the aquarium every 7 days, and continue to cultivate for at least 49 days.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for artificially cultivating scleractinian corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0075] 1. Breeding environment: The corals were cultured in an aquarium with a size of 120cm×60cm×40cm and a Berlin system. The water quality conditions were set as follows: temperature 24℃, salinity 25‰, pH 8.1, KH 6.7, Ca 2+Content 410ppm, Mg 2+ Content 1380ppm, PO 4 3- Content 0.01ppm, NO 3 - The content is 1ppm. The lighting conditions are set as follows: the light cycle is 10L / 14D, and the light intensity is 20000k provided by an 80W LED blue-violet lamp. Keep the water circulation and monitor the water quality regularly. When the water quality reaches the conditions suitable for coral growth, put the corals in for the experiment.

[0076] 2. Coral selection: Select 3 healthy Staghorn corals (Acropora, Acroporidae, Scleractinia, Hexacorallia, Cnidaria) with similar growth and place them in the above culture system respectively. After the water quality conditions are stable and the corals have adapted to the culture system for 14 days, carry out group experiments according to the experimental requirements.

[0077] 3. Conditions for adding trace elements: Add 0.2g of trace element additives per kilogram of water to one of the aquariums, including 0.1g each of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives.

[0078] Among cationic trace element additives, SrCl 2 6H 2 O 110 parts, Fe-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 FeN 2 NaO 8 ) 5 parts, Mn-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 Mn 2 NaO 8 ) 1 part, Zn-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 ZnN 2 NaO 8 ) 0.5 parts, BaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.5 parts, CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O0.1 parts, Ni-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 Ni 2 NaO 8 ·xH 2 O) 0.01 parts, CoCl 2 6H 2Add 0.001 part of O and 1 part of LiCl into 1L of distilled water and mix until the solution is clear.

[0079] In the anionic trace element additive, NaBr 100 parts, H 3 BO 3 20 servings, Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O0.5 parts, KI 1 parts, KF·2H 2 O 10 parts, Na 2 CrO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.001 part is added to 1L of distilled water and mixed until the solution is clear.

[0080] 4. Every 7 days, add 0.2g of trace element additives per kilogram of water in the aquarium, including 0.1g of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives. The interval between cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives is greater than 1 hour. In addition, replace 20% of the water in the aquarium every 7 days, and continue to cultivate for at least 49 days.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This embodiment provides a method for artificially cultivating scleractinian corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0083] 1. Breeding environment: The corals were cultured in an aquarium with a size of 120cm×60cm×40cm and a Berlin system. The water quality conditions were set as follows: temperature 25℃, salinity 29‰, pH 8.3, KH 7.7, Ca 2+ Content 440ppm, Mg 2+ Content 1420ppm, PO 4 3- Content 0.04ppm, NO 3 - The content is 2ppm. The lighting conditions are set as follows: the light cycle is 10L / 14D, and the 80W LED blue-violet lamp provides 24000k intensity light. Keep the water circulation and monitor the water quality regularly. When the water quality reaches the conditions suitable for coral growth, put the corals in for the experiment.

[0084] 2. Coral selection: Select 3 healthy Staghorn corals (Acropora, Acroporidae, Scleractinia, Hexacorallia, Cnidaria) with similar growth and place them in the above culture system respectively. After the water quality conditions are stable and the corals have adapted to the culture system for 14 days, carry out group experiments according to the experimental requirements.

[0085] 3. Conditions for adding trace elements: Add 0.2g of trace element additives per kilogram of water to one of the aquariums, including 0.1g each of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives.

[0086] Among cationic trace element additives, SrCl 2 6H 2 O 150 parts, Fe-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 FeN 2 NaO 8 ) 15 parts, Mn-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 Mn 2 NaO 8 ) 2 parts, Zn-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 ZnN 2 NaO 8 ) 1 part, BaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 1 part, CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O0.5 parts, Ni-EDTA (chemical formula is C 10 H 12 Ni 2 NaO 8 ·xH 2 O) 0.05 parts, CoCl 2 6H 2 Add 0.01 parts of O and 1.5 parts of LiCl into 1L of distilled water and mix until the solution is clear.

[0087] In the anionic trace element additive, NaBr 150 parts, H 3 BO 3 30 servings, Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O1 part, KI 1.5 parts, KF·2H 2 O 20 parts, Na 2 CrO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.005 parts is added to 1L of distilled water and mixed until the solution is clear.

[0088] 4. Every 7 days, add 0.2g of trace element additives per kilogram of water in the aquarium, including 0.1g of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives. The interval between cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives is greater than 1 hour. In addition, replace 20% of the water in the aquarium every 7 days, and continue to cultivate for at least 49 days.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] This comparative example provides an artificial cultivation method for hard corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0091] 1. The breeding environment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0092] 2. Coral selection is the same as the coral selection in Example 1.

[0093] 3. Conditions for adding trace elements: Add only 0.1g of cationic trace element additives per kilogram of water in the aquarium.

[0094] The formula of cationic trace element additive is the same as that in Example 1.

[0095] 4. Same as the step in Example 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] This comparative example provides an artificial cultivation method for hard corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0098] 1. The breeding environment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0099] 2. Coral selection is the same as the coral selection in Example 1.

[0100] 3. Conditions for adding trace elements: Add only 0.1g of anionic trace element additives per kilogram of water in the aquarium.

[0101] The formula of anionic trace element additive is the same as that in Example 1.

[0102] 4. Same as the step in Example 1.

[0103] Comparative Example 3

[0104] This comparative example provides an artificial cultivation method for hard corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0105] 1. The breeding environment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0106] 2. Coral selection is the same as the coral selection in Example 1.

[0107] 3. Conditions for adding trace elements: Do not add any trace elements to the aquarium to maintain the natural growth state of corals.

[0108] 4. Same as the step in Example 1.

[0109] Comparative Example 4

[0110] This comparative example provides an artificial cultivation method for hard corals, and the specific process is as follows:

[0111] 1. Breeding environment: The corals were cultured in an aquarium with a size of 120cm×60cm×40cm and a Berlin system. The water quality conditions were set as follows: temperature 24.5℃, salinity 27‰, pH 8.2, KH 7.2, Ca 2+ Content 425ppm, Mg 2+ Content 1400ppm, PO 4 3- Content 0.025ppm, NO 3 - The content is 1.5ppm. Keep the water circulating and monitor the water quality regularly. When the water quality reaches the conditions suitable for coral growth, put corals in for the experiment.

[0112] 2. Coral selection: Select 3 healthy staghorn corals (Acropora, Acroporidae, Scleractinia, Hexacorallia, Cnidaria) with similar growth and place them in the above culture system. The culture system is not illuminated. After the water quality conditions are stable and the corals have adapted to the culture system for 14 days, group experiments are carried out according to the experimental requirements.

[0113] 3. Same as the step in Example 1.

[0114] 4. Same as the step in Example 1.

[0115] Test Case

[0116] 1. The corals obtained in Example (EG) and Comparative Example (CG) were tested, specifically including:

[0117] Wet weight change detection: The wet weight of the corals was weighed with an analytical balance on the 0th day and the 49th day of the experiment, and the increase and increase rate of the wet weight of the corals were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 shown.

[0118] Element content detection: ICP-OES / MS method was used to determine the calcium and magnesium content in the corals of the embodiment and the comparative example. Take an appropriate amount of coral tissue sample on a clean workbench and digest the sample with nitric acid. The ICP-OES method uses an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer to determine the element's characteristic spectral line wavelength, and performs quantitative analysis by the proportionality between the intensity of the spectral line signal of the element to be measured and the element concentration. ICP-MS is determined by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and is qualitatively determined by the specific mass number (mass-to-charge ratio, m / z) of the element. The external standard method is used to perform quantitative analysis by the ratio of the intensity of the mass spectrum signal of the element to be measured to the mass spectrum signal of the internal standard element, which is proportional to the concentration of the element to be measured. The test results are shown in Tables 2 and Figure 2 shown.

[0119] Crude protein content detection: The crude protein content in the corals of the embodiment and the comparative example was determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method. Take an appropriate amount of coral tissue sample on the clean workbench and transfer it into a digestion tube. Add Kjeldahl nitrogen determination catalyst tablets and concentrated sulfuric acid, digest in a 400℃ digestion furnace for 1 hour, take out and adjust the volume after cooling, filter or place to clarify for nitrogen determination. After preheating the nitrogen determination instrument, draw the test solution and inject it into the distillation tube of the Kjeldahl nitrogen determination instrument, set the parameters to determine the test solution, and the results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 3 shown.

[0120] Immunity test: The corals of the embodiment and the comparative example were respectively tested for catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities using a kit. An appropriate amount of coral tissue sample was taken on a clean workbench, and an excess of ammonium molybdate was added to stop the reaction of catalase decomposing hydrogen peroxide. The remaining hydrogen peroxide reacted with ammonium molybdate to form a light yellow complex. The absorbance change of the light yellow complex was measured at a wavelength of 405nm using an ELISA reader to obtain the CAT test result. An appropriate amount of coral tissue sample was taken on a clean workbench, and an extract was added to allow the antioxidant to reduce Fe 3+ -TPTZ produces blue Fe 2+ -TPTZ, use an ELISA reader to measure the change in absorbance at a wavelength of 593nm to obtain the T-AOC test result. Take an appropriate amount of coral tissue sample on a clean workbench, add extract to allow superoxide dismutase to remove superoxide anions, inhibit the reaction process of superoxide anions reducing nitroblue tetrazolium to generate blue formazan, and use an ELISA reader to measure the absorbance of the reaction solution at a wavelength of 560nm to obtain the SOD content. The test results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 4 shown.

[0121] 2. Analysis of test results

[0122] 2.1. Wet weight change detection data analysis

[0123] Table 1 Coral wet weight change test results

[0124]

[0125] As shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 As shown, after 49 days of cultivation according to the method of the present invention, the average wet weight of the coral samples in the experimental examples increased significantly, which was significantly higher than that of the comparative example. Among them, the effect of Experimental Example 1 was the best. Within 49 days, the average wet weight of the coral increased by 1.34g, an increase of 103.08%. In summary, the method of culturing ornamental scleractinian corals by adding trace elements according to the present invention can significantly promote the increase in the wet weight of scleractinian corals.

[0126] 2.2. Analysis of element content detection data

[0127] Table 2 Coral calcium and magnesium content test results

[0128]

[0129] As shown in Table 2 and Figure 2 As shown, after 49 days of cultivation according to the method of the present invention, the average contents of calcium and magnesium in the coral samples of the experimental example were significantly higher than those of the comparative example (p≤0.05). Among them, the average contents of calcium and magnesium in the coral in Example 1 were the highest, 27.096 g / kg and 0.46 g / kg, respectively; the average contents of calcium and magnesium in the coral in Comparative Example 4 were the lowest, 21.085 g / kg and 0.377 g / kg, respectively. Therefore, culturing corals according to the method of the present invention can significantly enhance the absorption and utilization of calcium and magnesium in the water by corals, and promote the growth of hard corals.

[0130] 2.3. Analysis of crude protein content test data

[0131] Table 3 Results of crude protein content in corals

[0132] Average crude protein (CP) content (%) Example 1 1.93 Example 2 1.89 Example 3 1.88 Comparative Example 1 1.84 Comparative Example 2 1.83 Comparative Example 3 1.8 Comparative Example 4 1.69

[0133] As shown in Table 3 and Figure 3 As shown, after 49 days of cultivation according to the method of the present invention, the average crude protein content in the coral samples of the experimental example was significantly higher than that of the comparative example (p≤0.05). Among them, the average crude protein content in the corals in Example 1 was the highest, which was 1.93%; the average crude protein content in the corals in Comparative Example 4 was the lowest, which was 1.69%. Therefore, the method of culturing ornamental hard corals by adding trace elements according to the present invention can improve the synthesis of protein in the corals and promote the growth of hard corals.

[0134] 2.4. Analysis of immune capacity test data

[0135] Table 4 Coral immunity test results

[0136]

[0137] As shown in Table 4 and Figure 4 As shown, after 49 days of cultivation according to the method of the present invention, the average values ​​of CAT, T-AOC and SOD in the coral samples of the experimental example were significantly higher than the corresponding indicators of the comparative example (p≤0.05). Among them, the effect of Example 1 was the best, with the average CAT activity of the coral samples being 49.392U / g and the average T-AOC being 0.697μmolFe 2+ / g, and the SOD activity was 127.665U / g. In summary, the method of adding trace elements to cultivate ornamental hard corals of the present invention can effectively improve the immune ability of corals, thereby improving the survival rate of corals.

[0138] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for artificially cultivating scleractinian corals, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Constructing a strong light and oligotrophic water environment in a temperature-controlled artificial breeding water body; moving hard corals into the water environment for ecological adaptation; After the hard corals are adapted, trace element additives are added to the water environment, and a periodic supplementation mechanism of 6 to 9 days is established after the first addition; during the breeding process, the Berlin system is used to achieve continuous circulation treatment of the water body.

2. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the strong light and oligotrophic water environment, the light wavelength is in the blue-violet light range, the light intensity is 20000-24000k, the light cycle is 8-12 hours, and the remaining time is the dark cycle; Preferably, in the water environment, the temperature is 24-25°C, the salinity is 25-29‰, and the pH is 8.1-8.3; Preferably, in the water environment, the bicarbonate concentration is 6.7-7.7, the calcium ion content is 410-440 ppm, the magnesium ion content is 1380-1420 ppm, the phosphate ion content is 0.01-0.04 ppm, and the nitrate ion content is 1-2 ppm.

3. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace element additives are composed of cationic trace element additives and anionic trace element additives; The cationic trace element additives include SrCl2, Fe-EDTA, Mn-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, Ni-EDTA, BaCl2, CuCl2, CoCl2, LiCl and distilled water; The anionic trace element additives include NaBr, H3BO3, Na2MoO4, KI, KF, Na2CrO4 and distilled water.

4. The artificial breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, the cationic trace element additive includes 70-150 parts of SrCl2, 5-15 parts of Fe-EDTA, 1-2 parts of Mn-EDTA, 0.5-1 part of Zn-EDTA, 0.01-0.05 part of Ni-EDTA, 0.5-1 part of BaCl2, 0.1-0.5 part of CuCl2, 0.001-0.01 part of CoCl2, 1-1.5 parts of LiCl and 1000 parts of distilled water.

5. The artificial breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In terms of weight, the anionic trace element additive includes 100-150 parts of NaBr, 20-30 parts of H3BO3, 0.4-1 part of Na2MoO4, 1-1.5 parts of KI, 6-20 parts of KF, 0.001-0.005 parts of Na2CrO4 and 1000 parts of distilled water.

6. The artificial breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the trace element additive comprises the following steps: A. Add SrCl2, Fe-EDTA, Mn-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, Ni-EDTA, BaCl2, CuCl2, CoCl2 and LiCl into distilled water and mix well until a clear solution is obtained to obtain a cationic trace element additive; B. Add NaBr, H3BO3, Na2MoO4, KI, KF and Na2CrO4 into distilled water and mix well until a clear solution is obtained to obtain an anionic trace element additive.

7. The artificial breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ecological adaptation period is 2 to 4 weeks.

8. The artificial breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hard corals include staghorn corals; Preferably, the Berlin system comprises live rocks, a protein skimmer, a water flow system and a lighting system.

9. The artificial breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The trace element additive is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 g / kg water; Preferably, when periodically supplementing, the trace element additive is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 g / kg water.

10. The artificial breeding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The time interval between adding the cationic trace element additive and the anionic trace element additive is greater than 1 hour.

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