Plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology and a construction method, the plugging agent comprises a liquid agent and a powder agent, the liquid agent and the powder agent are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.1-1.3, and the powder agent comprises the following components by weight: 80-90% of a mixture of Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement; 3-7% of quicklime; 3-7% of nano silicon dioxide; 1-3% of lithium chloride; 0.3-1% of building rubber powder; 1.5-3% of an early strength agent; the liquid agent comprises the following components: 5-15% of a water repellent, which comprises tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 7: 3; and 85-95% of water. The invention develops a novel capillary crystalline plugging agent and a construction method thereof by introducing the synergistic effect of calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technologies, especially by forming an efficient silica tetrahedral structure through a silicon-based compound, and aims to realize shorter final setting time, higher early compressive strength and excellent anti-permeability performance. And meanwhile, construction steps are optimized to improve efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a plugging agent, in particular to a plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, waterproofing technology is a key measure to ensure the durability and usability of buildings. With the acceleration of urbanization, the complexity of building structures has increased, and the demand for waterproofing in kitchens, bathrooms, basements and other areas is growing. Traditional building waterproofing methods mainly include:

[0003] Use polyurethane waterproof coating, asphalt coating and other materials to form a waterproof layer on the surface of the substrate;

[0004] Use SBS modified asphalt membrane, PVC waterproof membrane, etc. to lay on the base layer to prevent water penetration;

[0005] However, for areas where tiles or other decorative layers have been laid, when leakage occurs, traditional waterproofing methods usually require the destruction of the original building surface, resulting in high construction intensity, high maintenance costs, and affecting daily use. Therefore, penetrating crystallization waterproofing technology came into being.

[0006] Penetration crystal plugging agent is a new type of waterproof material, which has been widely used in repairing tile surface leakage in recent years. Its core technology is:

[0007] Active substances penetrate into the interior of the substrate and form water-insoluble crystals in the pores and cracks, thereby blocking the water flow channels and improving the waterproof performance.

[0008] Mainly depends on calcium hydroxide (Ca(0H) 2 ), and then react with active silicon compounds to form calcium silicate hydrate (CSH), which fills the pores in the concrete and improves the waterproof ability and material strength.

[0009] However, the existing permeable crystal plugging agent still has the following problems:

[0010] Although existing products can theoretically cure within 20 minutes, they may still take longer to cure in high humidity or low temperature environments, affecting construction progress and repair results;

[0011] The compressive strength within 1 hour after construction is low, making it difficult to quickly restore the repaired structure to service;

[0012] In high water pressure environment or long-term flooding, the waterproof layer of some plugging agents may still leak, resulting in reduced waterproofing effect;

[0013] Existing plugging agents usually adopt a step-by-step construction method of liquid agent + powder. Although it is effective, it increases the construction difficulty and labor costs, especially in emergency repair environments.

[0014] Existing technologies mainly rely on calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) formed by cement hydration reaction, which makes it difficult to form a denser composite structure, affecting the waterproof ability and durability of the material.

[0015] At present, patent CN201710504608.1 discloses a new type of penetrating crystallization plugging agent and its construction method. The main technical scheme of the plugging agent is as follows:

[0016] (1) Composition

[0017] Powder ingredients (by weight percentage)

[0018] Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement mixture (90%)

[0019] Quicklime (5%)

[0020] Lithium chloride (2.5%)

[0021] Construction glue powder (0.5%)

[0022] Early strength agent (2%)

[0023] Liquid components

[0024] Water and water repellent are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1 to 12:1

[0025] The water repellent is composed of 10% methyl silicate and 90% silicone

[0026] (2) Construction method

[0027] First, apply the liquid agent to the construction base surface and allow it to penetrate the gaps between tiles for 10 minutes;

[0028] Then, when the liquid agent is not completely dry, apply the powder agent and let it stand for 20 minutes to solidify;

[0029] After cleaning the surface, the sealant is cured.

[0030] (3) Technical principles

[0031] The cement and quicklime in the powder react to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(0H) 2 );

[0032] The methyl silicate in the liquid agent hydrolyzes in an alkaline environment to generate silanol groups, which react with the substrate to form a hydrophobic layer;

[0033] The formed CSH structure fills the pores and achieves a waterproof effect.

[0034] Although CN201710504608.1 has improved the performance of traditional permeable crystallization plugging agents to a certain extent, it still has the following shortcomings:

[0035] The existing patent cures within 20 minutes after construction, but it may still not be ideal in emergency repairs or in high humidity or low temperature environments.

[0036] Sulphoaluminate cement and early strength agent improve the early strength, but the hydrophobic layer formed by methyl silicate is not tightly bonded to the cement matrix, affecting the overall strength of the material.

[0037] The existing technology mainly relies on the hydrophobic network formed by methyl silicate, but its structure is relatively simple and it is difficult to form a high-density silicon-oxygen network, resulting in a decrease in waterproof performance under long-term water immersion.

[0038] The step-by-step construction method using liquid and powder agents increases the number of operation steps, and the construction efficiency is low, especially in small-scale repairs.

[0039] Existing technologies mainly rely on cement hydration reactions and lack the optimized design of the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network, resulting in insufficient density and durability. Summary of the invention

[0040] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a plugging agent and a construction method based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology, which forms a high-density silicon-oxygen tetrahedron network through a sol-gel reaction, and combines calcium-based crystallization to generate a CSH composite structure, thereby achieving rapid solidification, high early strength, and excellent impermeability, and optimizing the construction process to improve efficiency, thereby overcoming the defects of the prior art such as slow final setting, low compressive resistance, insufficient impermeability, and complex construction.

[0041] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology, including a liquid agent and a powder agent, wherein the liquid agent and the powder agent are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.1-1.3, wherein:

[0042] The powder comprises the following components in weight percentage:

[0043] Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement mixture: 80-90%;

[0044] Quicklime: 3-7%;

[0045] Nano silicon dioxide: 3-7%;

[0046] Lithium chloride: 1-3%;

[0047] Building glue powder: 0.3-1%;

[0048] Early strength agent: 1.5-3%;

[0049] The liquid comprises the following components:

[0050] Water repellent: 5-15%, including ethyl orthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane, in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0051] Water: 85-95%.

[0052] As a preferred technical solution, the liquid agent forms a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network through a sol-gel reaction of a silicon-based compound;

[0053] The powder generates calcium silicate hydrate through the calcium-based crystallization reaction of cement and nano-silicon dioxide, and the two work synergistically to form a composite waterproof structure.

[0054] As a preferred technical solution, the silicon-based compounds are ethyl orthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane.

[0055] As a preferred technical solution, the particle size of the nano-silicon dioxide is in the range of 10-100 nm to promote the densification of the silicon-oxygen network.

[0056] As a preferred technical solution, the cement and quicklime in the powder generate calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) during the hydration process, thereby enhancing the strength and density of the plugging agent.

[0057] As a preferred technical solution, the calcium silicate hydrate is interwoven with the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network to form a high-strength composite crystal.

[0058] A construction method based on a plugging agent of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0059] a) Clean the surface of the substrate to remove dust and oil;

[0060] b) applying the liquid agent to penetrate the substrate for 10-20 minutes and form a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network on the surface;

[0061] c) applying the powder mixture before the liquid is completely dry and spreading it evenly;

[0062] d) Standing for 10-20 minutes to allow the plugging agent to initially solidify and the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network and CSH composite crystal structure to form;

[0063] e) Clean the excess material on the surface and fully cure after 24 hours:

[0064] As a preferred technical solution, the final setting time of the plugging agent is less than 15 minutes, and the compressive strength reaches more than 10 MPa within 1 hour.

[0065] As a preferred technical solution, the anti-seepage pressure of the plugging agent is greater than 2.0 MPa.

[0066] As a preferred technical solution, the plugging agent is suitable for repairing cracks in ceramic tiles, concrete or stone substrates, and achieves waterproof sealing by forming a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron-calcium silicate composite network.

[0067] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention forms a high-density silicon-oxygen tetrahedron network through a sol-gel reaction, so that the plugging agent can penetrate deeply into the pores and cracks of the substrate, and forms a dense insoluble silicon-oxygen network structure after a hydration reaction, thereby effectively improving the material's impermeability and durability;

[0068] The present invention adopts calcium-based crystallization technology to hydrate cement and quicklime in the powder to form calcium silicate hydrate (CSH), which further fills microscopic pores and interweaves with the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network to form a high-strength composite structure, thereby significantly improving the compressive strength and bonding ability of the plugging agent;

[0069] The present invention shortens the final setting time to less than 15 minutes by optimizing the formula, which greatly improves the efficiency of emergency repair construction and meets the demand for rapid curing compared to the 20-50 minute curing time of the prior art. Compared with the cumbersome construction method of traditional plugging agents that require step-by-step application of liquid and powder, the plugging agent of the present invention adopts an optimized ratio and reaction mechanism, making the synergistic effect of liquid and powder more efficient, simplifying the construction process, reducing labor costs, and improving construction convenience. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0071] The invention provides a plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology, comprising a liquid agent and a powder agent, wherein the liquid agent and the powder agent are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.1-1.3 to ensure that the two agents fully react during the construction process to form an efficient waterproof plugging layer.

[0072] Powders are composed of multiple components combined in specific proportions to achieve excellent strength, density and impermeability.

[0073] The main components of the powder include a mixture of silicate cement and sulphoaluminate cement, accounting for 80-90%. This type of cement can generate calcium hydroxide (Ca(0H) 2 ), providing the necessary reactants for the subsequent calcium-based crystallization reaction.

[0074] In order to further improve the efficiency of the hydration reaction, 3-7% quicklime (CaO) is added to the powder. Quicklime can be quickly converted into calcium hydroxide when it comes into contact with water, and synergistically acts with the hydration products of cement to improve the strength and reaction rate of the material.

[0075] The powder also contains 3-7% nano silicon dioxide, and the particle size range is controlled within 10-100nm to ensure that it is evenly dispersed during the hydration process and improve the activity and uniformity of the reaction.

[0076] Nano-silica can react with calcium hydroxide generated after cement hydration to form calcium silicate hydrate (CSH). This structure plays a role in enhancing the bonding strength and impermeability of cement-based materials.

[0077] In addition, adding 1-3% lithium chloride into the powder as a promoter can accelerate the hydration reaction of cement and improve its early strength.

[0078] The added amount of construction glue powder is 0.3-1%. This ingredient can improve the construction performance of the material, enhance adhesion, and enable the plugging agent to better adhere to the construction base surface after painting.

[0079] In order to ensure rapid solidification, the powder of the present invention also contains 1.5-3% of an early strength agent, which can be selected from triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, calcium formate or urea, etc., by optimizing the hydration reaction of cement and improving the initial strength, so that the plugging agent can reach a compressive strength of more than 10MPa within 1 hour.

[0080] The liquid agent further enhances the permeability, water repellency and sealing of the plugging agent through an optimized formula. The liquid agent includes 5-15% of a water repellent, which is made of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) in a mass ratio of 7:3.

[0081] Tetraethyl orthosilicate is a common silicon oxide precursor that forms a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral structure after hydrolysis, while methyltriethoxysilane enhances the water resistance of the material by providing hydrophobic groups.

[0082] Water accounts for 85-95% of the liquid agent, which ensures its good fluidity and permeability. It can penetrate into the tiny pores of the substrate during construction and form a dense silicon-oxygen network in the subsequent reaction process, thereby improving the overall anti-seepage effect.

[0083] During the construction process, the surface of the substrate must first be cleaned to remove dust, oil and other impurities to ensure that the liquid can penetrate smoothly into the cracks and capillary pores.

[0084] During construction, first apply the liquid agent evenly to the construction base surface and allow it to penetrate for 10-20 minutes. During this process, the ethyl orthosilicate and methyl triethoxysilane in the liquid agent undergo hydrolysis and condensation reactions in water and alkaline environments, gradually forming a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network. This structure can fill the pores of the substrate and form a silicon-oxygen layer with hydrophobic properties on its surface, reducing the possibility of further water penetration.

[0085] When the liquid agent has not yet completely dried, spread the powder mixture evenly on the construction base surface to fully combine it with the liquid agent and ensure that the cement and nano-silicon dioxide in the powder can synergistically interact with the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network in the liquid agent.

[0086] After the powder is combined with the liquid agent, it will quickly absorb water, cement and quicklime will begin to hydrate, generate calcium hydroxide, and react with nano-silicon dioxide to form calcium silicate hydrate (CSH). At the same time, the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network formed by the liquid agent is interwoven with the CSH composite crystals in the powder agent to form a high-strength, dense composite structure, which greatly improves the compressive strength and impermeability of the plugging agent.

[0087] During the 10-20 minutes of static standing, the plugging agent completes the initial setting and forms a stable waterproof layer. Subsequently, the excess material on the construction surface is cleaned and completely solidified after 24 hours to achieve the final waterproof sealing effect.

[0088] Compared with the prior art, the plugging agent of the present invention has a final setting time of less than 15 minutes, can be quickly solidified, and is suitable for emergency repair needs.

[0089] In addition, the compressive strength can reach more than 10MPa within 1 hour, which is much higher than traditional plugging agents, improving the immediate load-bearing capacity after construction. The anti-seepage pressure is greater than 2.0MPa, allowing the material to be used stably for a long time in a high water pressure environment.

[0090] Since the plugging agent of the present invention adopts a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron network and a CSH composite crystal structure, it can be used to repair cracks in a variety of substrates such as tiles, concrete, and stone, and can achieve efficient waterproof sealing without destroying the original structure. It is particularly suitable for areas such as basements, bathrooms, and kitchens that are in a humid environment for a long time. By optimizing the formula and construction method, the plugging agent of the present invention improves the convenience of construction, while also improving the waterproof effect and material durability.

[0091] The principle of silicon-based crystallization technology is as follows:

[0092] TEOS and MTES in the liquid undergo hydrolysis and condensation reactions in water and alkaline environments to form a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network:

[0093] TEOS hydrolysis:

[0094] Si(OC2H5)4+4H2O→Si(OH)4+4C2H5OH.

[0095] MTES hydrolysis:

[0096] CH3Si(OC2H5)3+3H2O→CH3Si(OH)3+3C2H5OH.

[0097] Condensation reaction:

[0098] 2Si(OH)4→(HO)3Si-O-Si(OH)3+H2O.

[0099] The resulting silicon-oxygen network is highly dense and hydrophobic, filling the micropores of the substrate.

[0100] Calcium-based crystallization technology

[0101] Cement hydration:

[0102] 2(3CaO·SiO2)+6H2O→3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O+3Ca(OH)2.

[0103] Quicklime reaction:

[0104] CaO+H2O→Ca(OH)2.

[0105] Generated Ca(OH) 2 Reaction with nano-silica:

[0106] Calcium silicate hydrate formation:

[0107] Ca(OH)2+SiO2+nH2O→CaO·SiO2·(n+1)H2O.

[0108] CSH enhances material strength and density.

[0109] Synergy

[0110] The silicone network formed by the liquid agent and the CSH in the powder are interwoven inside the substrate to form a composite crystalline structure, providing double waterproof protection.

[0111] Construction method details:

[0112] Powder preparation: All components are mixed evenly in a blender to ensure that the nano-silica is dispersed.

[0113] Liquid preparation: TEOS and MTES need to be added to water slowly to avoid rapid gelation.

[0114] Preparation of plugging agent: Control the stirring speed during mixing to avoid bubbles.

[0115] Base cleaning: Use a wire brush and clean water to ensure that the infiltration channel is unobstructed.

[0116] Liquid construction: The liquid penetration time is extended to 15 minutes to form a preliminary silicone network.

[0117] Sealing agent construction: The mixture needs to be applied quickly, surface treatment should be completed within 5 minutes, and initial setting should be achieved after 15 minutes.

[0118] Experimental data

[0119] Test method:

[0120] Final setting time: Tested according to GB / T 23440-2009 "Inorganic waterproof plugging materials";

[0121] Compressive strength: Test 40mm cube according to GB / T 17671-2021 Test method for strength of cement mortar (ISO method).

[0122] Impermeability pressure: tested according to GB / T 50082-2024 "Standard for Test Methods for Long-term Performance and Durability of Concrete";

[0123] Experimental conditions:

[0124] Ambient temperature: 23±2℃

[0125] Relative humidity: 50±5%

[0126] Specimen preparation: Prepared according to the construction method, the curing time is 1 hour, 3 days, and 7 days respectively.

[0127] result:

[0128] project The present invention CN201710504608.1 Initial setting time (min) 30 46-50 Final setting time (min) 160 220-255 1h compressive strength (MPa) 7 Not announced 3d compressive strength (MPa) 26.0 17-23 7d anti-seepage pressure (MPa) 2.2 1.9-3.1

[0129] Advantages of the present invention:

[0130] Shorter final setting time: The silicon-oxygen network and CSH are formed quickly, and the curing time is shortened by more than 34%, which is suitable for emergency repairs.

[0131] Higher early strength: Nano-silica accelerates hydration, with a 3-day compressive strength of 26MPa, an increase of more than 13%.

[0132] The three-dimensional silicon-oxygen tetrahedron network increases the water pressure resistance to 2.2 MPa, which is about 47% higher than the average value of existing technologies.

[0133] Calcium base and silicon base work together to form a double waterproof layer, enhancing the durability and density of the material.

[0134] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that are not conceived through creative work should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology, characterized in that: It includes liquid and powder, wherein the liquid and powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.1-1.3, wherein: The powder comprises the following components in weight percentage: Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement mixture: 80-90%; Quicklime: 3-7%; Nano silicon dioxide: 3-7%; Lithium chloride: 1-3%; Building glue powder: 0.3-1%; Early strength agent: 1.5-3%; The liquid preparation comprises the following components: Water repellent: 5-15%, including ethyl orthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane, in a mass ratio of 7:3; Water: 85-95%.

2. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid agent forms a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network through a sol-gel reaction of a silicon-based compound; The powder generates calcium silicate hydrate through the calcium-based crystallization reaction of cement and nano-silicon dioxide, and the two work synergistically to form a composite waterproof structure.

3. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The silicon-based compounds are ethyl orthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane.

4. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is in the range of 10-100 nm to promote the densification of the silicon-oxygen network.

5. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement and quicklime in the powder generate calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) during the hydration process, thereby enhancing the strength and density of the plugging agent.

6. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calcium silicate hydrate is interwoven with the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network to form a high-strength composite crystal.

7. A construction method based on the plugging agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a) Clean the surface of the substrate to remove dust and oil; b) applying the liquid agent to penetrate the substrate for 10-20 minutes and form a silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network on the surface; c) applying the powder mixture before the liquid is completely dry and spreading it evenly; d) Standing for 10-20 minutes to allow the plugging agent to initially solidify and the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network and CSH composite crystal structure to form; e) Clean the excess material on the surface and allow it to fully cure after 24 hours.

8. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The final setting time of the plugging agent is less than 15 minutes, and the compressive strength reaches more than 10 MPa within 1 hour.

9. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-seepage pressure of the plugging agent is greater than 2.0 MPa.

10. The plugging agent based on calcium-based and silicon-based crystallization technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plugging agent is suitable for repairing cracks in ceramic tiles, concrete or stone substrates, and achieves waterproof plugging by forming a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron-calcium silicate composite network.