Water-based insulating fireproof coating for new energy bus battery pack and preparation method of water-based insulating fireproof coating

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-based insulating fireproof coating for a new energy bus battery pack and a preparation method. The coating comprises the following raw material components: water-based UV polyurethane dispersions A and B, UV monomers A and B, initiators A and B, a dispersing agent, phthalocyanine blue, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine and the like. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking a part of deionized water, sequentially adding the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent and other assistants and the quartz powder, the talcum powder and other powder materials, uniformly stirring, grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns, adding the ground slurry into an emulsion cylinder, adding the water-based UV polyurethane dispersion and other other components, supplementing the deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the water-based UV polyurethane coating. Compared with the prior art, a coated paint film has the advantages of being good in adhesive force on aluminum alloy, fast in curing, capable of being constructed with electrolyte and the like, and further has the characteristics of being good in flexibility, resistant to salt mist, resistant to high temperature and high humidity, good in insulativity, high in voltage electric breakdown resistance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coating technology, and in particular to a water-based insulating fire-retardant coating for a new energy bus battery pack and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global advocacy of green travel and sustainable development, the new energy vehicle industry is experiencing rapid development. As the core component of new energy vehicles, the technology iteration and market size of power batteries are also expanding rapidly. However, the inherent instability of power batteries makes them very likely to cause combustion or even explosion when they are hit by collisions or high temperatures, seriously threatening the lives and property of users. In particular, new energy buses, due to their complex operating environment and large batteries, have more prominent safety hazards such as flammability and explosion.

[0003] In order to effectively deal with these risks, spraying fireproof insulation coatings on aluminum battery casings has become a widely used protective measure in the industry. This puts forward strict performance requirements for fireproof insulation coatings. Not only must they have excellent fireproof capabilities and be able to contain the spread of fire at critical moments, but they must also have excellent voltage resistance and electrical breakdown performance to ensure stable operation under high voltage environments, as well as good high temperature and high humidity resistance to adapt to various harsh use environments.

[0004] At present, in the field of aluminum alloy battery pack coating applications, epoxy fireproof insulation coatings occupy a dominant position, among which two-component epoxy coatings are the most commonly used due to their relatively mature technology and wide applicability. For example, the intumescent fireproof coating published by the Chinese invention patent with application number CN201210197029.4, its coating is composed of 10-40 parts of resin (one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin), 10-40 parts of catalyst, 5-20 parts of carbon forming agent, 5-20 parts of foaming agent and 3-15 parts of flame retardant. Although this intumescent fire-retardant coating exhibits fire-retardant function to a certain extent, in-depth experimental research has found that when it is applied to aluminum alloy battery transport boxes, it exposes many obvious defects: first, the adhesion is poor, it is difficult to adhere firmly to the aluminum alloy surface, and the coating is prone to fall off during long-term use; second, the high temperature and high humidity resistance is not ideal. In extreme environments of high temperature and high humidity, the performance of the coating will deteriorate rapidly; third, the insulation performance is poor and cannot provide reliable insulation protection for the battery; fourth, the drying speed after construction is slow and high-temperature baking is required, which not only increases production time and cost, but also puts higher requirements on production equipment and processes, limiting its large-scale application and improvement of production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a water-based insulating fire-retardant coating and a preparation method for new energy bus battery packs, so as to overcome the difficulties of current water-based fire-retardant insulating coatings for new energy bus battery packs in adhesion, high temperature and humidity resistance, water resistance, insulation, fire resistance, drying, and construction.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a water-based insulating fire retardant coating for a new energy bus battery pack, comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0008] 5-20 parts of waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion A, 5-20 parts of waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion B, 1-5 parts of UV monomer A, 1-5 parts of UV monomer B, 0.5-1.5 parts of initiator A, 0.5-1.5 parts of initiator B, 1-4 parts of dispersant, 0.1-0.8 parts of phthalocyanine blue, 5-25 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5-25 parts of pentaerythritol, 5-25 parts of melamine, 3-8 parts of talc, 1-3 parts of quartz powder, 3-6 parts of mica, 0.1-0.5 parts of anti-settling agent, 0.1-0.5 parts of defoaming agent, 0.1-0.5 parts of wetting and leveling agent, 0.1-0.5 parts of thickener, 1-5 parts of film-forming aid, and 1-5 parts of deionized water.

[0009] The aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is an aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion for providing water-resistant and salt-spray-resistant properties, solvent-resistant properties, and electrical-resistant properties; the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is an aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion for providing water-resistant and salt-spray-resistant properties and quick-drying properties;

[0010] The UV monomer A is a phosphate functional monomer for providing adhesion properties, water resistance and salt spray resistance on metals, and the UV monomer B is hydroxyethyl methacrylate for providing adhesion properties, flexibility and water resistance on metals.

[0011] Further preferably, the water-based insulating coating is composed of the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0012] 10-15 parts of waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion A, 10-15 parts of waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion B, 2-4 parts of UV monomer A, 2-4 parts of UV monomer B, 1-1.5 parts of initiator A, 1-1.5 parts of initiator B, 1-2 parts of dispersant, 0.3-0.5 parts of phthalocyanine blue, 10-15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10-15 parts of pentaerythritol, 10-15 parts of melamine, 4-6 parts of talc, 2-3 parts of quartz powder, 3-5 parts of mica, 0.1-0.3 parts of anti-settling agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of defoaming agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of wetting and leveling agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of thickener, 1-3 parts of film-forming aid, 1-3 parts of deionized water;

[0013] Furthermore, the solid content of the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is 50-70%. Preferably, the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026, with a solid content of 55-65% and a functionality of 4. It has the characteristics of good flexibility, good adhesion, good water and salt spray resistance, good solvent resistance, good electrical resistance, etc.; the solid content of the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is 40-60%. Preferably, the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031, with a solid content of 40-50%, a functionality of 4, and it has the characteristics of good flexibility, good adhesion, good water and salt spray resistance, quick drying, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the UV monomer A is a phosphate functional monomer, preferably, the UV monomer A is PAM200, which has the characteristics of good adhesion on metal, good water resistance, good salt spray resistance, etc.; the UV monomer B is hydroxyethyl methacrylate, preferably, the UV monomer B is HEMA, which has the characteristics of good adhesion, good flexibility, good water resistance, etc.

[0015] Further, the initiator A is 184, preferably, the initiator A is Omnirad 184, which has the advantages of fast curing speed, good surface curing, no yellowing, etc.; the initiator B is 819, preferably, the initiator B is Omnirad819, which has the characteristics of fast curing speed, good deep curing, etc.;

[0016] Furthermore, the mica is 800 mesh air-selected mica, preferably mica GB-3, which has the characteristics of easy dispersion, good insulation, good water resistance, etc.; the quartz powder is TATSUMORI VX-SP, which has the characteristics of good insulation and easy dispersion, etc.; ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine are specially coated for water-based fire retardant coatings, which have the characteristics of high expansion rate, good fireproof and heat insulation effect, good stability, good water resistance, etc.

[0017] Further, the dispersant is BYK190;

[0018] The anti-settling agent is LAPONITE RD;

[0019] The defoamer is BYK021;

[0020] The wetting and leveling agent is BYK333;

[0021] The thickener is Borichi Gel0620.

[0022] Furthermore, the film-forming aid is compounded by ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and dipropylene glycol butyl ether in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2.

[0023] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for a new energy bus battery pack as described above, the preparation method specifically comprising:

[0024] First, pour some deionized water into the container;

[0025] Add dispersant, defoamer, anti-settling agent, quartz powder, talcum powder, mica, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine in sequence, stir evenly and grind to a fineness of <20μm;

[0026] Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank;

[0027] Then add waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion A, waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion B, UV monomer A, UV monomer B, initiator A, initiator B, wetting and leveling agent, film-forming aid and thickener, and add deionized water;

[0028] Stir and mix evenly to complete the coating preparation.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Strong adhesion: Two specific water-based UV polyurethane dispersions A and B are selected and matched in a certain proportion. They have good flexibility and adhesion, and can form close chemical bonding and physical adsorption with the surface of aluminum alloy, thereby ensuring that the paint film has excellent adhesion on the aluminum alloy material, effectively avoiding the coating from falling off, and ensuring the stability of long-term use.

[0031] Excellent fireproof performance: ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine are added, which will undergo a series of complex chemical reactions at high temperatures. Ammonium polyphosphate decomposes under heat to produce phosphoric acid, which has a strong dehydrating effect, prompting pentaerythritol to dehydrate and carbonize to form a carbon layer. Melamine decomposes under high temperature to produce a large amount of non-combustible gases, such as ammonia, which expand and fill the carbon layer to form a porous and dense expanded carbon layer structure. This carbon layer can effectively isolate the transfer of heat, oxygen and combustible gases, prevent the spread of flames, achieve a high expansion rate (expansion rate ≥ 400%), and achieve good fireproofing effect.

[0032] Good insulation and voltage breakdown resistance: The addition of mica and quartz powder significantly improves the insulation performance of the coating. Mica has a good flaky structure and can overlap each other in the coating to form a barrier to block electronic conduction; quartz powder, with its high purity and stable chemical properties, enhances the overall insulation capacity of the coating. The synergistic effect of the two enables the paint film to withstand a voltage of 5000V, effectively preventing safety accidents such as leakage and short circuit in the battery pack during use.

[0033] Excellent resistance to high temperature, high humidity and salt spray: Waterborne UV polyurethane dispersions A and B have good resistance to water and salt spray. At the same time, their molecular structures can remain relatively stable under high temperature and high humidity environments, and are not prone to hydrolysis, degradation and other reactions. In addition, other additives in the coating, such as dispersants and anti-settling agents, can evenly disperse the components in the system to avoid agglomeration and precipitation in harsh environments, further ensuring the integrity and stability of the coating, making it perform well in the double 85 test (7 days / 85°C, 85%) and salt spray resistance test.

[0034] Good flexibility: The flexibility of waterborne UV polyurethane dispersions A and B gives the paint film good flexibility, which can adapt to the slight deformation of the battery pack under different working conditions and prevent the coating from cracking due to deformation, thereby ensuring the coating's continued protection of the battery pack.

[0035] Reliable electrolyte resistance: Through careful selection of raw materials and optimization of formula, the coating has good electrolyte resistance and performs well in the 2h / 80℃ electrolyte resistance test. It can effectively resist the erosion of electrolyte and ensure the normal operation of the battery pack.

[0036] Easy construction and fast curing: The water-based UV coating system can be quickly cured under ultraviolet light, which greatly shortens the construction period and improves production efficiency. At the same time, the construction process does not require high-temperature baking and can be sprayed with electrolyte, which reduces the construction difficulty and the requirements for production equipment, and reduces energy consumption and safety risks.

[0037] Excellent environmental performance: It adopts a water-based system with low VOC (volatile organic compound) emissions, meets environmental standards, reduces pollution to the environment and harm to the health of operators. It is also non-flammable and non-explosive, reducing safety hazards during production, storage and transportation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Any features such as preparation means, materials, structures or composition ratios not clearly described in this technical solution are regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] The components and weight percentage of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating used in the battery pack of new energy buses in this embodiment are as follows:

[0041] Aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 12%, produced by Guangdong Honeycomb (same as other embodiments or comparative examples);

[0042] Aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 12%, produced by Guangdong Honeycomb (same as other embodiments or comparative examples);

[0043] PAM200 3%

[0044] HEMA 3%

[0045] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0046] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0047] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0048] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0049] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0050] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0051] Melamine 12%

[0052] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0053] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0054] Mica GB-3 4%, produced by Anhui Ge Rui (same as other embodiments or comparative examples);

[0055] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0056] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0057] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0058] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0059] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0060] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0061] The rest was deionized water.

[0062] The aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026, with a solid content of 55-65% and a functionality of 4; the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031, with a solid content of 40-50% and a functionality of 4. UV monomer A is a phosphate functional monomer, and UV monomer B is hydroxyethyl methacrylate. UV monomer A is Sipomer PAM200, and the UV monomer B is Japanese Mitsubishi HEMA.

[0063] Initiator A is Omnirad 184, initiator B is Omnirad 819; mica is 800 mesh air-selected mica, model GB-3; quartz powder is 800 mesh quartz powder, model TATSUMORI VX-SP; talc is 800 mesh talc, and phthalocyanine blue is 4352. The film-forming aid is prepared by compounding ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and dipropylene glycol butyl ether in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0064] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the new energy bus battery pack of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0066] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0067] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0068] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0069] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0070] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0071] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0072] The test results of the paint film performance of this embodiment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0073] Table 1 Paint film performance test results

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Comparative Example 1:

[0077] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0078] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 24%;

[0079] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 0%;

[0080] PAM200 3%

[0081] HEMA 3%

[0082] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0083] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0084] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0085] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0086] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0087] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0088] Melamine 12%

[0089] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0090] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0091] Mica GB-3 4%

[0092] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0093] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0094] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0095] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0096] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0097] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0098] The rest was deionized water.

[0099] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0100] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0101] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0102] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0103] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0104] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0105] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0106] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0107] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 2 below.

[0108] Compared with Example 1, the fire resistance and flexibility of Comparative Example 1 decreased;

[0109] Table 2 Paint film performance test results

[0110] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 0 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% Fail Flexibility ≤4mm Fail Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days OK Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ OK Voltage resistance 5000V OK Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% OK

[0111] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be clearly seen that the key difference between the two in coating formulation is the absence of waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031, and only 24% of waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 is used, while in Example 1, both dispersions are 12% and cooperate with each other. This formula difference directly leads to significant changes in the performance of the paint film of Comparative Example 1.

[0112] In terms of fireproof performance, the expansion rate of Example 1 can reach ≥400%, meeting the good fireproof requirements, while the fireproof performance of Comparative Example 1 fails and cannot meet the technical index requirements. This is because the aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 can provide a more stable chemical structure and physical properties for the coating system when it works synergistically with 177-E8026, which helps to form a complete and efficient fireproof carbon layer structure at high temperatures. The absence of 177-E8031 destroys this synergistic effect, affects the chemical reaction process of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine at high temperatures, and thus cannot effectively form a dense expanded carbon layer to isolate heat and flames, resulting in a significant decrease in fireproof performance.

[0113] In terms of flexibility, Example 1 can meet the requirement of ≤4mm, while Comparative Example 1 fails in flexibility. This is because when the two dispersions work together, they can better balance the hardness and flexibility of the paint film. 177-E8031 itself has good flexibility characteristics, and its absence reduces the overall flexibility of the paint film.

[0114] Comparative Example 2:

[0115] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0116] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 0%;

[0117] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 24%;

[0118] PAM200 3%

[0119] HEMA 3%

[0120] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0121] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0122] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0123] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0124] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0125] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0126] Melamine 12%

[0127] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0128] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0129] Mica GB-3 4%

[0130] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0131] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0132] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0133] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0134] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0135] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0136] The rest was deionized water.

[0137] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0138] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0139] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0140] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0141] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0142] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0143] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0144] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0145] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 3 below.

[0146] Compared with Example 1, the electrolyte resistance, voltage resistance, and double 85 test performance are reduced.

[0147] Table 3 Paint film performance test results

[0148] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 0 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% OK Flexibility ≤4mm OK Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days OK Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ Fail Voltage resistance 5000V Fail Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% Fail

[0149] In terms of electrolyte resistance, Example 1 performs well under the test conditions of 2h / 80℃, while Comparative Example 2 fails. This is because the aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 has good solvent resistance, and when combined with 177-E8031, it can enhance the paint film's resistance to electrolyte. When 177-E8026 is missing, the molecular structure integrity and chemical stability of the paint film are affected, and it cannot effectively resist the corrosion of chemical substances in the electrolyte, resulting in a significant reduction in electrolyte resistance.

[0150] In terms of voltage resistance, Example 1 can withstand a voltage of 5000V, while Comparative Example 2 fails. This is mainly because the aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 has good electrical resistance. It cooperates with 177-E8031 to form a stable insulating structure in the paint film, which helps to block electronic conduction. Without 177-E8026, this insulating structure is destroyed, which weakens the voltage resistance of the paint film and cannot meet the voltage resistance requirement of 5000V.

[0151] For the double 85 test (7 days / 85°C, 85%), Example 1 passed the test, while Comparative Example 2 failed. This is because under high temperature and high humidity conditions, the two aqueous polyurethane dispersions can better maintain the stability of the physical and chemical properties of the paint film when they work together to prevent hydrolysis, degradation and other reactions. The absence of 177-E8026 breaks this balance, causing the paint film to deteriorate in performance under high temperature and high humidity conditions and fail to pass the double 85 test.

[0152] Comparative Example 3:

[0153] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0154] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 12%;

[0155] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 12%;

[0156] PAM200 0%

[0157] HEMA 3%

[0158] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0159] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0160] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0161] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0162] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0163] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0164] Melamine 12%

[0165] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0166] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0167] Mica GB-3 4%

[0168] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0169] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0170] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0171] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0172] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0173] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0174] The rest was deionized water.

[0175] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0176] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0177] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0178] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0179] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0180] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0181] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0182] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0183] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 4 below.

[0184] Compared with Example 1, the adhesion and double 85 test performance decreased;

[0185] Table 4 Paint film performance test results

[0186] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 2 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% OK Flexibility ≤4mm OK Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days OK Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ OK Voltage resistance 5000V OK Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% Fail

[0187] In terms of adhesion, the hundred-grid adhesion test result of Example 1 is level 0, which fully meets the technical indicator of ≤ level 1, while the hundred-grid adhesion result of Comparative Example 3 is level 2, and the adhesion is significantly reduced. This is because PAM200, as a phosphate functional monomer with good adhesion properties on metal, synergizes with other components in Example 1 to effectively enhance the bonding between the paint film and the aluminum alloy surface. The lack of PAM200 in Comparative Example 3 destroys this synergistic mechanism for enhancing adhesion, resulting in a decrease in the bonding strength between the paint film and the substrate, resulting in a worse adhesion test result.

[0188] For the double 85 test (7 days / 85°C, 85%), Example 1 passed smoothly, while Comparative Example 3 failed. In the high temperature and high humidity double 85 test environment, PAM200 not only helps to enhance adhesion, but also plays an important role in maintaining the overall structural stability and chemical stability of the paint film. When there is no PAM200 in Comparative Example 3, the molecular structure of the paint film is more easily damaged under the long-term high temperature and high humidity, and the internal chemical bonds may break or hydrolyze, resulting in performance degradation and failure to pass the double 85 test.

[0189] Comparative Example 4:

[0190] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0191] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 12%;

[0192] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 12%;

[0193] PAM200 3%

[0194] HEMA 3%

[0195] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0196] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0197] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0198] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0199] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0200] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0201] Melamine 12%

[0202] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0203] Quartz powder VX-SP 0%

[0204] Mica GB-3 0%

[0205] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0206] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0207] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0208] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0209] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0210] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0211] The rest was deionized water.

[0212] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0213] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0214] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0215] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0216] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0217] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0218] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0219] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0220] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 5 below.

[0221] Compared with Example 1, the flexibility and voltage resistance performance are reduced;

[0222] Table 5 Paint film performance test results

[0223] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 0 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% OK Flexibility ≤4mm Fail Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days OK Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ OK Voltage resistance 5000V Fail Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% OK

[0224] In terms of flexibility: Example 1 meets the requirement of ≤4mm, while the flexibility test result of Comparative Example 4 is Fail. Mica GB-3 has a good flaky structure and can overlap with each other in the coating to form a structure similar to a buffer layer, which helps to disperse stress and improve the flexibility of the paint film. Quartz powder VX-SP can fill the microscopic pores of the paint film, making the paint film structure more dense and uniform, and also has a certain positive effect on flexibility. In the absence of these two components in Comparative Example 4, the internal structure of the paint film becomes relatively loose, and it is unable to effectively disperse and buffer the stress caused by external force or temperature changes, resulting in reduced flexibility and failure to meet the technical index requirements.

[0225] In terms of voltage resistance: Example 1 can withstand a voltage of 5000V, but Comparative Example 4 fails. Both mica and quartz powder have good insulation properties. The flaky structure of mica can block electron conduction in the coating, and quartz powder, with its high purity and stable chemical properties, enhances the overall insulation capacity of the coating. The synergistic effect of the two makes the paint film of Example 1 have good voltage resistance. When these two key components are missing in Comparative Example 4, the insulation barrier of the paint film is weakened, and electrons can more easily penetrate the paint film, resulting in a significant decrease in voltage resistance, and the voltage resistance standard of 5000V cannot be reached.

[0226] Comparative Example 5:

[0227] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0228] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 12%;

[0229] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 12%;

[0230] PAM200 3%

[0231] HEMA 3%

[0232] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0233] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0234] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0235] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0236] Ammonium polyphosphate 0%

[0237] Pentaerythritol 0%

[0238] Melamine 0%

[0239] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0240] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0241] Mica GB-3 4%

[0242] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0243] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0244] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0245] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0246] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0247] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0248] The rest was deionized water.

[0249] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0250] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0251] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0252] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0253] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0254] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0255] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0256] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0257] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 6 below.

[0258] Compared with Example 1, the fire resistance is reduced;

[0259] Table 6 Paint film performance test results

[0260] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 0 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% Fail Flexibility ≤4mm OK Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days OK Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ OK Voltage resistance 5000V OK Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% OK

[0261] In terms of fireproof performance, the expansion rate of Example 1 is ≥400%, which can meet good fireproof requirements, while the fireproof performance test result of Comparative Example 5 is Fail, and the expansion rate does not meet the technical indicators. This is because in Example 1, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine together constitute an efficient fireproof system. Under high temperature, ammonium polyphosphate decomposes to produce phosphoric acid, which promotes the dehydration and carbonization of pentaerythritol to form a carbon layer. At the same time, melamine decomposes to produce non-combustible gases. These gases expand the carbon layer to form a porous and dense structure, which effectively isolates heat and oxygen and prevents the spread of flames. However, Comparative Example 5 lacks these three key components and cannot form such an effective fireproof carbon layer structure at high temperature, resulting in a significant reduction in fireproof performance.

[0262] Comparative Example 6:

[0263] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0264] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 12%

[0265] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 12%

[0266] PAM200 3%

[0267] HEMA 3%

[0268] Omnirad 184 1.2%

[0269] Omnirad 819 0%

[0270] Dispersant BYK190 1.5;

[0271] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0272] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0273] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0274] Melamine 12%

[0275] 800 mesh talc 4%

[0276] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0277] Mica GB-3 4%

[0278] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%

[0279] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%

[0280] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%

[0281] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0282] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0283] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0284] The rest was deionized water.

[0285] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0286] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0287] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0288] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0289] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0290] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0291] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0292] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0293] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 7 below.

[0294] Compared with Example 1, the adhesion, electrolyte resistance, and double 85 test performance decreased;

[0295] Table 7 Paint film performance test results

[0296] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 3 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% OK Flexibility ≤4mm OK Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days OK Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ Fail Voltage resistance 5000V OK Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% Fail

[0297] The hundred-grid adhesion test result of Example 1 is level 0, which can well meet the technical indicator of level ≤1, while the hundred-grid adhesion result of Comparative Example 6 is level 3, and the adhesion is significantly worse. The initiator plays a key role in the curing process of the coating. The two initiators Omnirad 184 and Omnirad 819 work synergistically to help form a more uniform and dense paint film structure and enhance the bonding strength between the paint film and the aluminum alloy substrate. In the absence of Omnirad 819 in Comparative Example 6, the curing process is affected, the paint film structure is not perfect, the bonding strength between the paint film and the substrate is reduced, and the adhesion is reduced.

[0298] Example 1 performs well in the 2h / 80°C electrolyte resistance test, while Comparative Example 6 fails. A complete initiator system is essential for forming a paint film with good chemical corrosion resistance. Omnirad 819 and Omnirad 184 work together to promote the paint film to form a stable three-dimensional cross-linked structure, which can effectively resist the corrosion of the electrolyte. In Comparative Example 6, due to the lack of Omnirad 819, the cross-linking degree of the paint film is insufficient, the molecular structure is relatively loose, and it cannot effectively resist the penetration and corrosion of chemical substances in the electrolyte, resulting in reduced electrolyte resistance.

[0299] Example 1 successfully passed the double 85 test (7 days / 85°C, 85%), while Comparative Example 6 failed. Under the high temperature and high humidity double 85 test environment, the paint film needs to have good stability and durability. The high-quality paint film structure formed by the synergistic promotion of the two initiators can better withstand the influence of the high temperature and high humidity environment and maintain the stability of the performance of the paint film. Due to the lack of Omnirad819, the paint film of Comparative Example 6 is more prone to performance degradation under high temperature and high humidity conditions, such as molecular chain breakage and hydrolysis, and thus cannot pass the double 85 test.

[0300] Comparative Example 7:

[0301] This comparative example is used for the water-based insulating fire retardant coating components and weight contents of the battery pack of new energy buses:

[0302] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026 12%;

[0303] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031 12%;

[0304] PAM200 3%

[0305] HEMA 3%

[0306] Omnirad 184 0%

[0307] Omnirad 819 1.2%

[0308] Dispersant BYK190 1.5%;

[0309] Phthalocyanine Blue 4352 0.3%

[0310] Ammonium polyphosphate 12%

[0311] Pentaerythritol 12%

[0312] Melamine 12%

[0313] 800 mesh talc 4%;

[0314] Quartz powder VX-SP 2.5%

[0315] Mica GB-3 4%

[0316] Anti-settling agent LAPONITE RD 0.2%;

[0317] Defoamer BYK021 0.2%;

[0318] Wetting and leveling agent BYK333 0.2%;

[0319] Thickener Borichi Gel0620 0.2%;

[0320] Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1%;

[0321] Dipropylene glycol butyl ether 1%;

[0322] The rest was deionized water.

[0323] The preparation method of the water-based insulating fire retardant coating for the battery pack of a new energy bus in this comparative example specifically comprises the following steps:

[0324] (1) Weigh some deionized water and put it into the tank;

[0325] (2) Weigh the dispersant and defoamer and put them into the tank, stirring at low speed for 20 minutes;

[0326] (3) weighing the anti-settling agent, phthalocyanine blue, talc, mica, quartz powder, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine and putting them into a vat, stirring at high speed for 30 minutes, and grinding until the fineness is less than 20 microns;

[0327] (4) Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes;

[0328] (5) Add water-based resin into the tank and stir at medium speed for 20 minutes;

[0329] (6) Add the wetting and leveling agent, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, the remaining deionized water, and the thickener into the tank and stir at medium speed for 30 minutes.

[0330] (7) In the above steps (1) to (6), the low-speed stirring is 200-300 rpm, the medium-speed stirring is 300-500 rpm, and the high-speed stirring is 500-700 rpm.

[0331] The test results of the paint film performance of this comparative example are shown in Table 8 below.

[0332] Compared with Example 1, the adhesion, electrolyte resistance, water resistance, and double 85 test performance decreased;

[0333] Table 8 Paint film performance test results

[0334] Test items Technical indicators Test results Hundred Grid Attachment ≤1 level Level 3 Fire performance Expansion rate ≥400% OK Flexibility ≤4mm OK Water resistant Normal temperature*3 days Fail Electrolyte resistance 2h / 80℃ Fail Voltage resistance 5000V OK Double 85 test 7 days / 85℃, 85% Fail

[0335] The hundred-grid adhesion result of Example 1 is level 0, meeting the high standard of ≤ level 1, while the hundred-grid adhesion of Comparative Example 7 is level 3, and the adhesion is significantly reduced. The initiator has a significant impact on the process of coating curing and film formation. In Example 1, Omnirad 184 and Omnirad 819 work synergistically to guide the coating to form a uniform and dense cross-linked structure, enhance the physical adsorption and chemical bonding between the paint film and the aluminum alloy surface, and thus ensure good adhesion. In Comparative Example 7, due to the lack of Omnirad 184, the curing process cannot reach the ideal state, the integrity and density of the paint film structure are damaged, resulting in a weakened bonding force with the substrate and a decrease in adhesion.

[0336] Example 1 performed well in the 2h / 80°C electrolyte resistance test, but Comparative Example 7 failed the test. When the two initiators work together, the coating can form a stable and chemically resistant paint film structure. The absence of Omnirad184 destroys this synergistically formed corrosion-resistant structure, so that when the paint film of Comparative Example 7 faces electrolyte erosion, the intermolecular force is insufficient to resist the penetration and reaction of chemical substances in the electrolyte, resulting in a decrease in electrolyte resistance.

[0337] Example 1 was water-resistant for 3 days at room temperature without any problems, while Comparative Example 7 failed the water resistance test. In the process of forming the paint film, Omnirad 184 synergizes with other ingredients to help build a tight molecular arrangement and an effective waterproof barrier. In Comparative Example 7, due to the absence of Omnirad 184, the waterproof structure of the paint film is imperfect, and water molecules can more easily penetrate into the paint film, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the paint film in the room temperature water resistance test.

[0338] Example 1 successfully passed the double 85 test (7 days / 85°C, 85%), while Comparative Example 7 failed. Under the high temperature and high humidity double 85 test environment, the paint film needs to have high stability and anti-aging performance. The paint film structure formed by the two initiators in Example 1 can remain relatively stable under such extreme conditions. However, due to the lack of Omnirad 184, the molecular structure of the paint film in Comparative Example 7 is more susceptible to degradation, hydrolysis and other changes under high temperature and high humidity conditions, resulting in performance degradation and failure to pass the double 85 test.

[0339] Embodiment 2:

[0340] Compared with Example 1, most of them are the same, except that the formula of this example is adjusted to:

[0341] 10 parts of water-based UV polyurethane dispersion A, 10 parts of water-based UV polyurethane dispersion B, 2 parts of UV monomer A, 2 parts of UV monomer B, 1.2 parts of initiator A, 1.2 parts of initiator B, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 0.3 parts of phthalocyanine blue, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 15 parts of pentaerythritol, 15 parts of melamine, 4 parts of talc, 2.5 parts of glass powder, 4 parts of mica, 0.2 parts of anti-settling agent, 0.2 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2 parts of wetting and leveling agent, 0.2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of film-forming aid, and 13.5 parts of deionized water.

[0342] In Example 2, the dosage of some ingredients in the formula is adjusted, such as the dosage of water-based UV polyurethane dispersions A and B are reduced, the dosage of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine is increased, and the quartz powder is replaced by glass powder, and the dosage of deionized water is adjusted. However, on the whole, the types of ingredients are basically the same as in Example 1. Since the key ingredient system has not changed fundamentally, the ingredients can still play a synergistic role, so Example 2 can achieve performance close to that of Example 1. In terms of key properties such as fire resistance, adhesion, flexibility, water resistance, electrolyte resistance, and voltage resistance, although there may be slight differences due to the adjustment of the dosage of ingredients, the overall performance should be relatively similar, which can better meet the performance requirements of new energy bus battery packs for water-based insulating fire retardant coatings.

[0343] Embodiment 3:

[0344] Compared with Example 1, most of them are the same, except that the formula of this example is adjusted to:

[0345] 15 parts of water-based UV polyurethane dispersion A, 15 parts of water-based UV polyurethane dispersion B, 4 parts of UV monomer A, 4 parts of UV monomer B, 1.2 parts of initiator A, 1.2 parts of initiator B, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 0.3 parts of phthalocyanine blue, 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 12 parts of pentaerythritol, 12 parts of melamine, 4 parts of talc, 2.5 parts of glass powder, 4 parts of mica, 0.2 parts of anti-settling agent, 0.2 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2 parts of wetting and leveling agent, 0.2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of film-forming aid, and 8.5 parts of deionized water.

[0346] Compared with Example 1, Example 3 mainly adjusts the dosage of some raw materials, such as increasing the dosage of water-based UV polyurethane dispersions A and B, UV monomers A and B, replacing quartz powder with glass powder, and adjusting the dosage of deionized water, but the types of core components remain unchanged. Since the synergistic mechanism between the components still exists, the key components can still play a major role in the process of coating performance formation, so Example 3 can achieve performance close to that of Example 1. In terms of key properties required by new energy bus battery packs for water-based insulating fire retardant coatings, such as adhesion, fire resistance, flexibility, water resistance, electrolyte resistance, and voltage resistance, although there may be slight differences due to changes in dosage, the overall performance is similar, which can better meet the actual application needs.

[0347] Embodiment 4:

[0348] Compared with Example 1, most of them are the same, except that the formula of this example is adjusted to:

[0349] 12 parts of water-based UV polyurethane dispersion A, 12 parts of water-based UV polyurethane dispersion B, 3 parts of UV monomer A, 3 parts of UV monomer B, 1.2 parts of initiator A, 1.2 parts of initiator B, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 0.3 parts of phthalocyanine blue, 10 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts of pentaerythritol, 10 parts of melamine, 4 parts of talc, 2.5 parts of glass powder, 4 parts of mica, 0.2 parts of anti-settling agent, 0.2 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2 parts of wetting and leveling agent, 0.2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of film-forming aid, and 22.5 parts of deionized water.

[0350] Compared with Example 1, Example 4 only reduces the amount of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine, replaces quartz powder with glass powder, and adjusts the amount of deionized water. The types and amounts of other key components remain basically the same. Since the core ingredient system has not changed substantially, the synergy between the components still exists, and the main mechanism for constructing paint film performance is not significantly affected. Therefore, Example 4 can achieve performance close to that of Example 1 in terms of key properties of water-based insulating fire retardant coatings that new energy bus battery packs are concerned about, such as adhesion, fire resistance, flexibility, water resistance, electrolyte resistance, and voltage resistance. Although there may be slight differences due to changes in the amounts of some components, it can generally meet the relevant application requirements better.

[0351] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-based insulating fire retardant coating for a new energy bus battery pack, characterized in that: The water-based insulating fire-retardant coating comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: Waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion A: 5-20 parts; Waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion B: 5-20 parts; UV monomer A: 1-5 parts; UV monomer B: 1-5 parts; Initiator A: 0.5-1.5 parts; Initiator B: 0.5-1.5 parts; Dispersant: 1-4 parts; Phthalocyanine blue: 0.1-0.8 parts; Ammonium polyphosphate: 5-25 parts; Pentaerythritol: 5-25 parts; Melamine: 5-25 parts; Talc: 3-8 parts; Quartz powder: 1-3 parts; Mica: 3-6 parts; Anti-settling agent: 0.1-0.5 parts; Defoaming agent: 0.1-0.5 parts; Wetting and leveling agent: 0.1-0.5 parts; Thickener: 0.1-0.5 parts; Film-forming aid: 1-5 parts; Deionized water: 1-5 parts; The aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is an aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion for providing water-resistant and salt-spray-resistant properties, solvent-resistant properties, and electrical-resistant properties; the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is an aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion for providing water-resistant and salt-spray-resistant properties and quick-drying properties; The UV monomer A is a phosphate functional monomer for providing adhesion properties, water resistance and salt spray resistance on metals, and the UV monomer B is hydroxyethyl methacrylate for providing adhesion properties, flexibility and water resistance on metals.

2. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-based insulating fire-retardant coating comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: Waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion A: 10-15 parts; Waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion B: 10-15 parts; UV monomer A: 2-4 parts; UV monomer B: 2-4 parts; Initiator A: 1-1.5 parts; Initiator B: 1-1.5 parts; Dispersant: 1-2 parts; Phthalocyanine blue: 0.3-0.5 parts; Ammonium polyphosphate: 10-15 parts; Pentaerythritol: 10-15 parts; Melamine: 10-15 parts; Talc: 4-6 parts; Quartz powder: 2-3 parts; Mica: 3-5 parts; Anti-settling agent: 0.1-0.3 parts; Defoaming agent: 0.1-0.3 parts; Wetting and leveling agent: 0.1-0.3 parts; Thickener: 0.1-0.3 parts; Film-forming aid: 1-3 parts; Deionized water: 1-3 parts.

3. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid content of the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is 50-70 wt %, and the solid content of the aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is 40-60 wt %.

4. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for a new energy bus battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion A is aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8026, with a solid content of 55-65% and a functionality of 4; The aqueous UV polyurethane dispersion B is aqueous polyurethane dispersion 177-E8031, with a solid content of 40-50% and a functionality of 4.

5. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UV monomer A is a phosphate functional monomer, and the UV monomer B is hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

6. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The UV monomer A is Sipomer PAM200, and the UV monomer B is Japan Mitsubishi HEMA.

7. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator A is Omnirad 184, and the initiator B is Omnirad 819; The mica is 800 mesh air-selected mica, model GB-3; The quartz powder is 800 mesh quartz powder, model is TATSUMORI VX-SP; The talcum powder is 800 mesh talcum powder, and the phthalocyanine blue is 4352.

8. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is BYK190; The anti-settling agent is LAPONITE RD; The defoamer is BYK021; The wetting and leveling agent is BYK333; The thickener is Borichi Gel0620.

9. The water-based insulating fire retardant coating for new energy bus battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film-forming aid is prepared by compounding ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and dipropylene glycol butyl ether in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2.

10. A method for preparing a water-based insulating fire retardant coating for a new energy bus battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The preparation method specifically comprises: First, pour some deionized water into the container; Add dispersant, defoamer, anti-settling agent, quartz powder, talcum powder, mica, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine in sequence, stir evenly and grind to a fineness of <20μm; Add the ground slurry into the emulsion tank; Then add waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion A, waterborne UV polyurethane dispersion B, UV monomer A, UV monomer B, initiator A, initiator B, wetting and leveling agent, film-forming aid and thickener, and add deionized water; Stir and mix evenly to complete the coating preparation.

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