Intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system and method based on star flash and Wi-Fi

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system and method based on star flash and Wi-Fi, and the system achieves the transmission of gas data through the arrangement of a gas meter end, an edge calculation end, a routing end, a cloud platform and a management terminal, and visually displays the operation state and analysis result of a gas meter. According to the data transmission method, a worker can conveniently know the operation condition of equipment in time, make a corresponding decision, receive an external control instruction and achieve remote management, meanwhile, in the data transmission process, data encryption transmission is adopted, digital signature and hash value verification are set, the safety and integrity of data in the transmission process are ensured, and data leakage and tampering are effectively prevented; a multi-mode hybrid communication module is arranged, hybrid communication of star flash and Wi-Fi intelligent gas meters is achieved, transmission data changes can be monitored in real time, a transmission channel is intelligently selected according to transmission quality, a buffer area is arranged for data storage, seamless connection of star flash short-distance communication and Wi-Fi wide-area transmission is achieved, and the problem of signal penetration in a closed space is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hybrid communication technology, and in particular to a hybrid communication system and method for a smart gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi. Background Art

[0002] IoT smart gas meters are widely used in residential and commercial catering users, of which kitchen scenarios account for more than 65%. In the kitchen environment, metal cabinets cause signal shielding (attenuation of more than 30dB), and wall shielding causes NB-IoT signal penetration failure. The average meter reading rate of traditional NB-IoT solutions in closed environments is low, and there are situations where the meter cannot be read normally for many consecutive days. For users, prepaid users cannot recharge the meter normally due to communication failure, resulting in the gas meter valve cannot be opened normally, affecting gas use. For gas companies, it is necessary to go to the door to process communications or cancel the prepaid method, and manually read the meter, which has high maintenance costs.

[0003] Among the existing technologies, ZigBee is susceptible to interference in the 2.4GHz frequency band and has insufficient protocol adaptability. Although NB-IoT has a wide coverage, its power consumption is as high as 150mA, and there is a contradiction between power consumption and performance. Most solutions do not implement end-to-end encryption and have weak security mechanisms. This results in insufficient signal penetration in existing closed environments, poor coordination between wide-area coverage and local communications, high maintenance costs and low response efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid communication system and method for a smart gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The specific application is as follows: Provided is a hybrid communication system for smart gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi, the system comprising: a gas meter terminal, an edge computing terminal, a routing terminal, a cloud platform and a management terminal; The gas meter terminal collects the metering data of the gas meter and the equipment status information data, performs data encryption transmission through the Xingshan communication module, and receives external control instructions; The edge computing end receives data from the gas meter end through the Xingshan communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs de-framing operations on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The management terminal receives data sent by the cloud platform and displays the operating status of the gas meter and data statistical analysis results. The management terminal also has a user management function to manage users with different permissions.

[0006] Data encryption and transmission through the Star Flash communication module includes: the Star Flash communication module obtains the metering data and the device status information data, divides the data into data blocks according to the Star Flash protocol, and encrypts the data using the first encryption algorithm. The encrypted data is transmitted to the edge computing end through the Star Flash communication link; the first encryption algorithm generates a random encryption sequence based on the gas meter end data, uses the SM4 algorithm to obtain the gas ciphertext data and session key, pre-configures the same session key to the gas meter end and the edge computing end, and uses the ECC algorithm to encrypt the session key. The encrypted session key is combined with the ciphertext data into encrypted data, and a digital signature is generated during the encryption process; the encrypted data and the digital signature are transmitted to the edge computing end through the Star Flash communication link.

[0007] The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the Xingshan communication module, including that after the edge computing end receives the encrypted data and the digital signature, the first decryption algorithm is used to decrypt the received ciphertext to restore the original data; the first decryption algorithm includes: verifying the digital signature of the gas meter end, using the ECC algorithm to decrypt the encrypted session key to obtain the original session key, using the decrypted session key, decrypting the encrypted ciphertext data according to the SM4 algorithm, and finally restoring the original data of the gas meter end; the calculation formula for verifying the digital signature of the gas meter end is:

[0008] in, Represents the coordinates on the verified ellipse, Represents the signature of the data, represents the secure Hash function required for digital signature, F represents the remainder function, represents a prime number that meets security requirements, represents a known point, represents the verification parameter, D represents the product of the random number and the base point on the ellipse, and L represents the signature obtained after verification.

[0009] The multi-mode hybrid communication module includes: establishing a gas data intelligent hybrid transmission architecture connection based on Wi-Fi communication and Star Flash communication, preliminarily detecting the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection, the transmission quality includes signal strength and network status, selecting an initial communication transmission route according to the preliminary detection result, and detecting the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line in real time during data transmission to obtain a second transmission quality during the transmission process, judging whether it is necessary to switch the transmission line according to the intelligent detection result, and switching the transmission line when the second transmission quality is not lower than the first transmission quality; dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data, obtaining the configured gas data transmission line, and switching the transmission path; before switching, storing the gas data in a buffer and recording the first transmission quality; during the switching process, using the buffer to temporarily store the data to be sent; after the switching is completed, sending the data in the buffer to the target transmission line; integrating the transmission line data of different communication modes, recording the information of the transmission line switching in the log of the edge computing end, and sending a notification of the communication line switching to the routing end.

[0010] The first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection is initially detected as follows: the gas meter end and the edge computing end respectively initialize the working parameters in the Star Flash communication and Wi-Fi communication, including frequency, channel, and transmission power, scan the surrounding Star Flash and Wi-Fi networks, obtain the list of available networks, and receive the signal strength indicator to evaluate the signal strength; detect the network's delay, packet loss rate, and buffer data volume; and construct a status description of the transmission quality. , where RSSI represents the signal strength of the communication line, Delay represents the delay, PacketLoss represents the packet loss rate, and BufferSize represents the amount of data in the buffer; the Star Flash communication quality and the Wi-Fi communication quality are calculated according to the state description index of the transmission quality, and a high-quality communication transmission line is selected as the initial communication transmission route and the first transmission quality is determined. The calculation formula for the first transmission quality is: ;in, is the weight coefficient; Indicates the signal strength of the initial communication line, represents the initial delay, represents the initial packet loss rate, Indicates the amount of initial buffer data.

[0011] Real-time detection of the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line to obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process. The second transmission quality calculation formula is: ;in, is the weight coefficient; Indicates the signal strength of the current communication line. Indicates the current delay, Indicates the current packet loss rate. Indicates the current amount of data in the buffer; defines the current action space, the action space represents the transmission line switching action, expressed as A={SwitchToStar,SwitchToWiFi,Stay}, where SwitchToStar means switching to StarFlash communication; SwitchToWiFi means switching to Wi-Fi communication; Stay means maintaining the current communication line.

[0012] Define the reward function for transmission line switching , the optimal transmission line switching is selected by the value of the state-action pair during the line transmission process. First, the value table is initialized to store the value values ​​of different state-action pairs. During the transmission line switching process, rewards are collected and the value values ​​are updated. The calculation formula for updating the value values ​​is: , where α represents the learning rate, which controls the fusion ratio of the new and old value values; represents the discount factor, reflecting the cumulative value of future rewards; and They are the next state and possible actions after executing the line switching action; selecting the optimal transmission line and switching the transmission line according to the new and old value values, rewards and learning rates; and dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data.

[0013] The integrity and consistency check of the transmitted data by hash value check is that the edge computing end applies a hash function H to the gas data m, generates a hash value h, transmits the gas data and the generated hash value h to the routing end, and the routing end checks the received original data. Apply the same hash function H to generate a new hash value , and Compare with the received hash value h: =H( ) If h′=h, then the data The data is consistent with the original data m and is complete and has not been tampered with; otherwise, the data may be tampered with or damaged; if data loss or damage is found, an instruction is immediately sent to the edge computing end to start the retransmission mechanism.

[0014] Display the current status of the gas meter and display the status of each gas meter in a color-coded manner, with green indicating normal, yellow indicating warning, and red indicating fault; manage users with different permissions, including user hierarchical management, dividing users into administrator users, operator users, and ordinary users.

[0015] The present invention also provides a hybrid communication method of a smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi, which is applied to the hybrid communication system of a smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi as described above, and the method comprises: The gas meter end collects the metering data of the gas meter and the equipment status information data, encrypts and transmits the data through the Xingshan communication module, and receives external control instructions; The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the Star Flash communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs de-framing operations on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The management terminal receives data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and data statistical analysis results, and manages users with different permissions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes hybrid communication of smart gas meters of Star Flash and Wi-Fi by setting a multi-mode hybrid communication module, can monitor the changes of transmission data in real time, intelligently select the transmission channel according to the transmission quality, set a buffer for data storage, realize the seamless connection of Star Flash short-distance communication and Wi-Fi wide-area transmission, and solve the problem of signal penetration in closed spaces; 2. During the gas data transmission process, data encryption transmission is adopted and digital signature and hash value verification are set to ensure the security and integrity of data during transmission, effectively preventing data leakage and tampering. The edge computing end performs preliminary data processing and analysis, which reduces the amount of data, improves the efficiency of data transmission, and also reduces the burden on the cloud platform; 3. The management terminal intuitively displays the operating status and analysis results of the gas meter, which is convenient for the staff to timely understand the equipment operation status and make corresponding decisions; at the same time, the user management function makes the system safer and easier to manage; the system can monitor the operating status of the gas meter in real time, and receive external control instructions to realize remote management, thereby improving management efficiency and response speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hybrid communication system of a smart gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a hybrid communication method of a smart gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a hybrid communication system of a smart gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi, the system comprising: a gas meter terminal, an edge computing terminal, a routing terminal, a cloud platform and a management terminal; The gas meter terminal collects the metering data of the gas meter and the equipment status information data, performs data encryption transmission through the Xingshan communication module, and receives external control instructions; The metering data includes gas consumption, gas flow rate, cumulative gas consumption, gas consumption time, and pressure value; the equipment status information data includes communication status, equipment failure information, equipment temperature, equipment operation time, and valve status; The data encryption transmission through the Star Flash communication module includes: the Star Flash communication module obtains the metering data and the device status information data, divides the data into data blocks according to the Star Flash protocol, encrypts the data using a first encryption algorithm, and transmits the encrypted data to the edge computing end through the Star Flash communication link; The first encryption algorithm generates a random encryption sequence according to the data on the gas meter end, uses the SM4 algorithm to obtain the gas ciphertext data and the session key, pre-configures the same session key to the gas meter end and the edge computing end, and uses the ECC algorithm to encrypt the session key. The encrypted session key and the ciphertext data are combined into encrypted data, and a digital signature is generated during the encryption process; the encrypted data and the digital signature are transmitted to the edge computing end through the Star Flash communication link; the generation of the digital signature during the encryption process includes: using a secure Hash function to obtain the hash function corresponding to the gas meter end data, and then combining the parameters generated by the elliptic curve to randomly select integers and prime numbers to complete the digital signature; The edge computing end receives data from the gas meter end through the Xingshan communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end; The edge computing end receives data from the gas meter end through the Xingshan communication module, including the edge computing end receiving the encrypted data and the digital signature, and then using the first decryption algorithm to decrypt the received ciphertext to restore the original data; The first decryption algorithm includes: verifying the digital signature of the gas meter, decrypting the encrypted session key using the ECC algorithm to obtain the original session key, using the decrypted session key to decrypt the encrypted ciphertext data according to the SM4 algorithm, and finally restoring the original data of the gas meter; The calculation formula for digital signature verification is: in, Represents the coordinates on the verified ellipse, Represents the signature of the data, represents the secure Hash function required for digital signature, F represents the remainder function, represents a prime number that meets security requirements, represents a known point, represents the verification parameter, D represents the product of the random number and the base point on the ellipse, and L represents the signature obtained after verification; The data sent by the gas terminal is initially processed and analyzed, including data cleaning, removing noise and erroneous information from the data, filtering out metering data that is obviously beyond a reasonable range or equipment status information data with incorrect format, checking the integrity and consistency of the data, and marking or supplementing missing data items; The multi-mode hybrid communication module includes: establishing a gas data intelligent hybrid transmission architecture connection based on Wi-Fi communication and Star Flash communication, preliminarily detecting the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection, the transmission quality includes signal strength and network status, selecting the initial communication transmission route according to the preliminary detection results, and detecting the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line in real time during the data transmission process to obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process, judging whether it is necessary to switch the transmission line according to the intelligent detection results, and switching the transmission line when the second transmission quality is not lower than the first transmission quality; dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data to obtain the configuration The gas data transmission line after the switch is switched, and the transmission path is switched; before the switch, the gas data is stored in the buffer and the first transmission quality is recorded; during the switching process, the buffer is used to temporarily store the data to be sent; after the switch is completed, the data in the buffer is sent to the target transmission line; the transmission line data of different communication modes are integrated, the information of the transmission line switching is recorded in the log of the edge computing end, and a notification of the communication line switching is sent to the routing end; the control instructions sent to the gas meter end include generating corresponding control instructions according to the management instructions of the cloud platform, and the control instructions include reading metering data, starting or stopping gas metering, updating gas meter software, and adjusting equipment parameters; Furthermore, the intelligent hybrid transmission architecture of the present invention adapts to different modes of communication, including any combination of two communication modes such as Wi-Fi, Star Flash, Bluetooth mesh, and cellular network (4G / 5G), which are not specifically limited here; Specifically, the initial detection of the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection is as follows: the gas meter end and the edge computing end respectively initialize the working parameters in the Star Flash communication and Wi-Fi communication, including frequency, channel, and transmission power, scan the surrounding Star Flash and Wi-Fi networks, obtain the list of available networks, and receive the signal strength indicator to evaluate the signal strength; detect the network's delay, packet loss rate, and buffer data volume; and construct a status description of the transmission quality. , where RSSI represents the signal strength of the communication line, Delay represents the delay, PacketLoss represents the packet loss rate, and BufferSize represents the amount of data in the buffer; the Star Flash communication quality and the Wi-Fi communication quality are calculated according to the state description index of the transmission quality, and a high-quality communication transmission line is selected as the initial communication transmission route and the first transmission quality is determined. The calculation formula for the first transmission quality is: ;in, is the weight coefficient; Indicates the signal strength of the initial communication line, represents the initial delay, represents the initial packet loss rate, Indicates the amount of buffer data; Real-time detection of the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line to obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process. The second transmission quality calculation formula is: ;in, is the weight coefficient; Indicates the signal strength of the current communication line. Indicates the current delay, Indicates the current packet loss rate. Indicates the current buffer data volume; defines the current action space, the action space represents the transmission line switching action, expressed as A={SwitchToStar,SwitchToWiFi,Stay}, where SwitchToStar means switching to StarFlash communication; SwitchToWiFi means switching to Wi-Fi communication; Stay means maintaining the current communication line; Define the reward function for transmission line switching , the optimal transmission line switching is selected by the value of the state-action pair during the line transmission process. First, the value table is initialized to store the value values ​​of different state-action pairs. During the transmission line switching process, rewards are collected and the value values ​​are updated. The calculation formula for updating the value values ​​is: , where α represents the learning rate, which controls the fusion ratio of the new and old value values; represents the discount factor, reflecting the cumulative value of future rewards; and They are the next state and possible actions after executing the line switching action; according to the new and old value values, rewards and learning rates, the optimal transmission line is selected and the transmission line is switched; the transmission path of the gas data is dynamically configured; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The hash value check is that the edge computing end applies a hash function H to the gas data m to generate a hash value h, and transmits the gas data and the generated hash value h to the routing end. The routing end checks the received original data. Apply the same hash function H to generate a new hash value , and Compare with the received hash value h: =H( ) If h′=h, then the data The data is consistent with the original data m and is intact and has not been tampered with; otherwise, the data may be tampered with or damaged; if data loss or damage is found, an instruction is immediately sent to the edge computing end to start the retransmission mechanism; Encapsulating the data in accordance with the protocol and format, and transmitting the data to the cloud platform includes: formatting the data into JSON or other lightweight formats, and encapsulating the data using the WebSocket protocol; The management instructions sent to the edge computing end include data collection instructions: commanding the edge computing end to collect specific data, such as "reading gas meter metering data"; data processing instructions: instructing the edge computing end to perform specific processing on the collected data, such as "aggregating metering data at the hourly level"; device management instructions: involving the management of edge computing devices, such as "restarting edge computing devices.

[0021] The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs de-framing operations on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The key data selected from the metering data include: gas consumption, gas consumption duration, gas flow rate, gas consumption duration, equipment operation time, and valve status; the abnormal data include: abnormal gas flow rate, abnormal gas consumption, abnormal valve status, and abnormal equipment temperature; Specifically, when filtering out key data from metering data, for example, based on the monthly gas consumption upper limit set by the user as the threshold, filtering out data with gas volume consumption reaching a certain threshold, and filtering out data with longer gas consumption time based on continuous gas consumption exceeding a certain time; when extracting key status information from device status information data, including battery power below a certain threshold, such as set to 20%, device temperature outside the normal working range, such as below -20°C or above 60°C, and abnormal communication status data, such as signal strength below a certain threshold or connection interruption; When performing anomaly detection on metering data, for example, judging whether there is a sudden change in gas flow rate through statistical analysis methods, or judging whether the gas consumption pattern is abnormal through time series analysis, common methods include calculating statistical quantities such as the mean and standard deviation of the data to judge whether the data is within the normal range, or using machine learning algorithms, such as the isolation forest algorithm to build an anomaly detection model, train and predict the data, and identify abnormal data, which are not specifically limited here; when performing anomaly judgment on equipment status information data, it includes the occurrence of equipment failure information and abnormal valve status, such as the valve should be opened but is not opened; The management terminal receives data sent by the cloud platform and displays the operating status of the gas meter and the statistical analysis results of the data. The management terminal also has a user management function to manage users with different permissions; Receive gas meter operation data and statistical analysis results sent by the cloud platform, and display the current status of the gas meter, such as normal operation, low battery warning, and equipment failure; display the status of each gas meter in a color-coded manner, with green indicating normal, yellow indicating warning, and red indicating failure; set alarm thresholds for key indicators, such as gas volume usage thresholds and battery power thresholds, and set alarm rules; display gas consumption statistics in the form of charts, such as trend charts of daily, monthly, and annual gas consumption; Carry out hierarchical management of users, and divide users into administrator users, operator users and ordinary users; the administrator user has the highest authority in the system, manages other users, configures system parameters, and views all data and reports; the operator user has limited authority to view and process the operating status of the gas meter, generate and export reports; the ordinary user can only view the gas meter data related to them, such as residential users can only view their own gas usage; Example 2

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a hybrid communication method of a smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi, which is applied to the above-mentioned hybrid communication system of a smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi, and the method includes: The gas meter end collects the metering data of the gas meter and the equipment status information data, encrypts and transmits the data through the Xingshan communication module, and receives external control instructions; The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the Star Flash communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs de-framing operations on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The management terminal receives data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and data statistical analysis results, and manages users with different permissions.

[0023] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0024] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

Claims

1. A hybrid communication system for smart gas meters based on Starflash and Wi-Fi, characterized in that: The system includes: a gas meter terminal, an edge computing terminal, a routing terminal, a cloud platform and a management terminal; The gas meter terminal collects the metering data of the gas meter and the equipment status information data, performs data encryption transmission through the Xingshan communication module, and receives external control instructions; The edge computing end receives data from the gas meter end through the Xingshan communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs de-framing operations on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The management terminal receives data sent by the cloud platform and displays the operating status of the gas meter and data statistical analysis results. The management terminal also has a user management function to manage users with different permissions.

2. According to claim 1, a hybrid communication system for smart gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi is characterized in that: Data encryption and transmission through the Star Flash communication module includes: the Star Flash communication module obtains the metering data and the device status information data, divides the data into data blocks according to the Star Flash protocol, and encrypts the data using the first encryption algorithm. The encrypted data is transmitted to the edge computing end through the Star Flash communication link; the first encryption algorithm generates a random encryption sequence based on the gas meter end data, uses the SM4 algorithm to obtain the gas ciphertext data and session key, pre-configures the same session key to the gas meter end and the edge computing end, and uses the ECC algorithm to encrypt the session key. The encrypted session key is combined with the ciphertext data into encrypted data, and a digital signature is generated during the encryption process; the encrypted data and the digital signature are transmitted to the edge computing end through the Star Flash communication link.

3. According to claim 1, a hybrid communication system for smart gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi is characterized in that: The edge computing end receives data from the gas meter end through the Xingshan communication module, including the edge computing end receiving the encrypted data and the digital signature, and then using the first decryption algorithm to decrypt the received ciphertext to restore the original data; The first decryption algorithm includes: verifying the digital signature of the gas meter, decrypting the encrypted session key using the ECC algorithm to obtain the original session key, using the decrypted session key, decrypting the encrypted ciphertext data according to the SM4 algorithm, and finally restoring the original data of the gas meter; the calculation formula for verifying the digital signature of the gas meter is: in, Represents the coordinates on the verified ellipse, Represents the signature of the data, represents the secure hash function required for digital signature, D represents the remainder function, represents a prime number that meets security requirements, represents a known point, Represents the verification parameter, R represents the product of the random number and the base point on the ellipse, and L represents the signature obtained after verification.

4. According to claim 3, a hybrid communication system for smart gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi is characterized in that: The multi-mode hybrid communication module includes: establishing a gas data intelligent hybrid transmission architecture connection based on Wi-Fi communication and Star Flash communication, preliminarily detecting the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection, the transmission quality includes signal strength and network status, selecting an initial communication transmission route according to the preliminary detection result, and detecting the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line in real time during data transmission to obtain a second transmission quality during the transmission process, judging whether it is necessary to switch the transmission line according to the intelligent detection result, and switching the transmission line when the second transmission quality is not lower than the first transmission quality; dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data, obtaining the configured gas data transmission line, and switching the transmission path; before switching, storing the gas data in a buffer and recording the first transmission quality; during the switching process, using the buffer to temporarily store the data to be sent; after the switching is completed, sending the data in the buffer to the target transmission line; integrating the transmission line data of different communication modes, recording the information of the transmission line switching in the log of the edge computing end, and sending a notification of the communication line switching to the routing end.

5. According to claim 4, a hybrid communication system for smart gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi is characterized in that: The first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection is initially detected as follows: the gas meter end and the edge computing end respectively initialize the working parameters in the Star Flash communication and Wi-Fi communication, including frequency, channel, and transmission power, scan the surrounding Star Flash and Wi-Fi networks, obtain the list of available networks, and receive the signal strength indicator to evaluate the signal strength; detect the network's delay, packet loss rate, and buffer data volume; and construct a status description of the transmission quality. ,in, Indicates the signal strength of the communication line. Indicates delay, Indicates the packet loss rate, Indicates the amount of data in the buffer; calculates the Star Flash communication quality and the Wi-Fi communication quality respectively according to the state description index of the transmission quality, selects a high-quality communication transmission line as the initial communication transmission route and determines the first transmission quality. The calculation formula for the first transmission quality is: ;in, , , , is the weight coefficient; Indicates the signal strength of the initial communication line, represents the initial delay, represents the initial packet loss rate, Indicates the amount of initial buffer data.

6. The hybrid communication system of smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Real-time detection of the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line to obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process. The second transmission quality calculation formula is: ;in, , , , is the weight coefficient; Indicates the signal strength of the current communication line. Indicates the current delay, Indicates the current packet loss rate. Indicates the current amount of data in the buffer; defines the current action space, the action space represents the transmission line switching action, expressed as A={SwitchToStar,SwitchToWiFi,Stay}, where SwitchToStar means switching to StarFlash communication; SwitchToWiFi means switching to Wi-Fi communication; Stay means maintaining the current communication line.

7. The hybrid communication system of smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Define the reward function for transmission line switching , the optimal transmission line switching is selected by the value of the state-action pair during the line transmission process. First, the value table is initialized to store the value values ​​of different state-action pairs. During the transmission line switching process, rewards are collected and the value values ​​are updated. The calculation formula for updating the value values ​​is: , where α represents the learning rate, which controls the fusion ratio of the new and old value values; represents the discount factor, reflecting the cumulative value of future rewards; and They are the next state and possible actions after executing the line switching action; According to the new and old value values, rewards and learning rates, the optimal transmission line is selected and the transmission line is switched; and the transmission path of the gas data is dynamically configured.

8. The hybrid communication system of smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The integrity and consistency check of the transmitted data by hash value check is that the edge computing end applies a hash function H to the gas data m, generates a hash value h, transmits the gas data and the generated hash value h to the routing end, and the routing end checks the received original data. Apply the same hash function H to generate a new hash value , and Compare with the received hash value h: =H( ) If h′=h, then the data The data is consistent with the original data m and is intact and has not been tampered with; otherwise, the data may be tampered with or damaged; If data loss or damage is found, a command is immediately sent to the edge computing end to start the retransmission mechanism.

9. The hybrid communication system of smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Display the current status of the gas meter and display the status of each gas meter in a color-coded manner, with green indicating normal, yellow indicating warning, and red indicating fault; manage users with different permissions, including user hierarchical management, dividing users into administrator users, operator users, and ordinary users.

10. A hybrid communication method for smart gas meters based on Starflash and Wi-Fi, characterized in that: Applied to a hybrid communication system of a smart gas meter based on Starflash and Wi-Fi as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: The gas meter end collects the metering data of the gas meter and the equipment status information data, encrypts and transmits the data through the Xingshan communication module, and receives external control instructions; The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the Star Flash communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs de-framing operations on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The management terminal receives data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and data statistical analysis results, and manages users with different permissions.

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