Wireless acquisition method for railway engineering facility monitoring data

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless acquisition method for monitoring data of railway engineering facilities, which comprises the following steps of: grouping according to frequency bands, and dividing the railway engineering facilities into a plurality of sections according to the actual condition of the railway engineering facilities; each section of railway engineering facility is provided with a wireless group, each wireless group comprises a plurality of data acquisition terminal devices, and the data acquisition terminal devices are jointly connected to a wireless gateway device. According to the wireless acquisition method provided by the invention, the problem of wireless acquisition of monitoring data in a large-scale scene is solved through effective distribution of the system load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway maintenance facility monitoring, and in particular to a wireless collection method for railway maintenance facility monitoring data. Background Art

[0002] Railways are an important mode of transportation, and their safety is of vital importance. Bridges, tracks, tunnels, crossings and other facilities along the railway are important infrastructure for railway operation. These facilities will be affected by the natural environment, human factors and other factors during long-term use, resulting in degradation of safety performance, thus threatening railway operation safety. Therefore, continuous and real-time safety monitoring of railway facilities is particularly important.

[0003] Although the traditional wired monitoring system can meet the needs of railway safety monitoring to a certain extent, it has some limitations. For example, the wired system requires the laying of a large number of cables, which not only increases the difficulty and cost of construction, but also limits the application of wired systems in some complex terrains or areas where it is difficult to lay cables. In addition, the maintenance cost of the wired system is relatively high, and the integrity of the cables needs to be checked regularly to ensure the normal operation of the system. In addition, in the traditional wired monitoring system, the sensors are difficult to achieve functions such as high-frequency acquisition and long-distance transmission due to the limited transmission distance. The receiving end (gateway device) needs to perform complex conversions for different devices and signal quantities, which is a heavy workload.

[0004] The railway system network is an important infrastructure that supports the efficient, safe and convenient operation of modern railway transportation. With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, especially the widespread application of 5G technology, the railway system wireless communication system is ushering in unprecedented changes and opportunities. The trend of upgrading the railway wireless communication system to the next generation network is clear, and the existing railways and new lines will bring a lot of space for communication equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wireless collection method for monitoring data of railway maintenance facilities in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A wireless collection method for monitoring data of railway engineering facilities, the wireless collection method comprising:

[0008] According to the actual situation of railway maintenance facilities, the railway maintenance facilities are divided into several sections according to the frequency band grouping; each section of railway maintenance facilities is provided with a group of wireless groups, each group of wireless groups includes several data acquisition terminal devices, and several of the data acquisition terminal devices are connected to the wireless gateway device together;

[0009] Addresses are divided within the group. According to the actual situation of each section of railway maintenance facilities, several addresses are distributed in each section of railway maintenance facilities. A data acquisition terminal device is set at each address, and each of the data acquisition terminal devices can be connected to multiple sensors of different types.

[0010] The sensor acquires measurement data and converts it into a signal. The data acquisition terminal device receives the signal and converts the signal into a wireless signal and transmits it to the wireless gateway device for analysis and processing.

[0011] Furthermore, in the wireless collection method for monitoring data of railway engineering facilities, the data collection terminal equipment includes a data conversion module, a micro control unit, a battery module, a solar module and a wireless transmission module; the data conversion module converts the received signal into a digital signal, the micro control unit performs edge computing on the digital signal, and performs preliminary identification of the status of railway engineering facilities. The identification result is converted into the wireless signal by the wireless transmission module and transmitted to the wireless gateway device.

[0012] Furthermore, in the wireless collection method for railway engineering facility monitoring data, the data conversion module includes an analog-to-digital converter and a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter, and provides different interfaces for different types of connected signals; when an analog signal is connected, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter; when a serial signal is connected, the serial signal is converted into a digital signal through the universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter.

[0013] Furthermore, in the wireless acquisition method for railway maintenance facility monitoring data, the signal includes an analog signal, a high and low level digital signal and a serial signal.

[0014] Furthermore, in the wireless collection method for railway engineering facility monitoring data, the wireless gateway device includes a data receiving unit and a processing unit, and the data receiving unit includes a plurality of wireless boards; the wireless boards correspond to receiving the wireless signals sent by the data collection terminal devices in the wireless group, and the plurality of wireless boards transmit the received wireless signals to the processing unit.

[0015] Furthermore, in the wireless collection method for monitoring data of railway engineering facilities, the monitoring objects of the railway engineering facilities include roadbed, bridges, tunnels, tracks and station buildings.

[0016] Furthermore, the wireless collection method for monitoring data of railway engineering facilities is described, and the status monitoring content of the railway engineering facilities includes settlement and deformation monitoring of roadbed, bridge structure status monitoring, abnormal deformation monitoring of tunnels, seamless line locked rail temperature monitoring, track stiffness detection and structural parameter monitoring of station buildings.

[0017] The advantages and effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The data acquisition terminal device in the wireless acquisition method provided by this application can flexibly convert various types of signals (analog, digital, RS485 / RS232 and other signal types) into wireless data and efficiently transmit them to the wireless gateway device. It effectively overcomes the disadvantages of sensors that are difficult to achieve high-frequency acquisition and long-distance transmission due to transmission distance limitations, and greatly reduces the workload of the wireless gateway device for complex conversion of different devices and signal quantities.

[0019] 2. The wireless gateway device in the wireless collection method provided by this application does not need to bear the heavy responsibility of data processing because the data conversion and analysis work is moved forward to the data collection terminal device. Instead, the wireless gateway device focuses on improving the multi-access capability. And the wireless board is flexibly allocated according to the amount of data at the on-site collection point to ensure that all data can be smoothly and efficiently accessed to the wireless gateway device.

[0020] 3. The wireless collection method provided by this application solves the problem of wireless collection of monitoring data in large-scale scenarios by effectively distributing the system load. There is no need to lay cables, which reduces the construction difficulty and cost. It has higher flexibility and scalability and can be flexibly deployed and adjusted according to actual needs. Remote monitoring and fault diagnosis are realized, and monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the equipment composition of the wireless acquisition method provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing signal transmission of the wireless acquisition method provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A deployment diagram of an embodiment of the wireless acquisition method provided by the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. The described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings:

[0025] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be described herein with functional blocks and / or logic block components and various processing steps. It should be understood that this block assembly can be implemented by any number of hardware, software, and / or firmware components configured to perform a specified function. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and steps are usually described with their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the entire system. Those skilled in the art who are familiar with the concepts described herein can implement this functionality in a suitable manner for specific applications respectively, but this implementation decision should not be interpreted as causing deviations from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the equipment composition of the wireless acquisition method provided by the present invention is shown, and the wireless acquisition method comprises:

[0027] (1) Grouping by frequency band:

[0028] According to the actual situation of railway maintenance facilities, such as the total length of the railway to be monitored, the monitoring area and environmental factors, the railway maintenance facilities are divided into several sections, the number of sections is N, N≤32. Each section of railway maintenance facilities is set with a group of wireless groups, namely wireless group 1, wireless group 2, wireless group 3... wireless group N. Each wireless group includes several data acquisition terminal devices, and the number of data acquisition terminal devices in each wireless group is set according to the actual situation and can be different. Several data acquisition terminal devices are connected to the wireless gateway device together.

[0029] (2) Address within the group:

[0030] According to the actual conditions of each section of railway maintenance facilities, such as the length of the monitored railway, the monitoring area and environmental factors, a number of addresses are distributed in each section of railway maintenance facilities, and the number of addresses is M, M≤24. A data acquisition terminal device is set at each address, namely, data acquisition terminal 1, data acquisition terminal 2...data acquisition terminal M. According to the actual conditions of each address, each data acquisition terminal device can be connected to multiple sensors of different types.

[0031] For example, according to the actual situation of railway maintenance facilities, the railway maintenance facilities are divided into 32 sections, and 32 wireless groups are set up accordingly. Each section of railway maintenance facilities has 20 addresses, and 20 data collection terminal devices are set up accordingly. In this way, one wireless gateway device can receive data from 640 data collection terminal devices, achieving the purpose of large-scale deployment and collection. Two or more wireless gateway devices can also be deployed according to the actual situation of railway maintenance facilities.

[0032] The data acquisition terminal equipment uses integrated circuits and photon sensors to miniaturize and reduce power consumption. It is battery-powered and comes with a small solar module. It works with a low-power wireless transmission module to transmit the collected monitoring data to the wireless gateway device. It does not require separate wiring and can work for 5 years without an external power supply. Figure 2 As shown, the data acquisition terminal device includes a data conversion module, a microcontroller unit MCU, a battery module, a solar module and a wireless transmission module (SUB-G wireless module). The data conversion module converts the received signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the microcontroller unit. The MCU is programmable, and developers can write code in a programming language (such as C or assembly language) and load it into the MCU to define its behavior and function. Therefore, program control can be performed according to the requirements of different monitoring scenarios of railway engineering facilities. The microcontroller unit performs edge computing on the digital signal and performs preliminary identification of the status of railway engineering facilities. The identification result is converted into a wireless signal (radio wave) through the wireless transmission module and transmitted to the wireless gateway device. The battery module and the solar module provide energy for other modules. The monitoring objects of railway engineering facilities include roadbed, bridge, tunnel, track and station house monitoring. The monitoring content of the status of railway engineering facilities includes settlement and deformation monitoring of roadbed, bridge structure status monitoring, abnormal deformation monitoring of tunnels, seamless line locking rail temperature monitoring, track stiffness detection and structural parameter monitoring of station houses. The preliminary identification and identification results of the status of railway engineering facilities are to judge whether the parameters of the monitoring objects and monitoring contents of the railway engineering facilities are out of limit and give the result of whether they are out of limit.

[0033] Specifically, the SUB-G wireless module can use the 433Mhz frequency band. Under standard low-power conditions, the transmission distance can reach 1km and the air rate is 19200bps.

[0034] The data conversion module includes an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter UART, and provides different interfaces for different types of connected signals. The signals sent by the sensor include analog signals, high and low level digital signals, and serial signals. When analog signals such as voltage / current are connected, the analog signals are converted into digital signals through the analog-to-digital converter ADC; when serial signals passing through communication data are connected, the serial signals are converted into digital signals through the universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter UART; when high and low level digital signals are connected, no conversion is performed.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless gateway device includes a data receiving unit and a processing unit, which are deployed in a cabinet in the control room. The data receiving unit includes several pluggable wireless boards, namely wireless board 1, wireless board 2, wireless board 3...wireless board N. The number of wireless boards can be increased or decreased according to the number of monitoring points, and up to 32 boards can be inserted. The wireless board receives the wireless signal sent by the data acquisition terminal device in the corresponding wireless group. For example, wireless board 1 receives the wireless signal sent by the data acquisition terminal device in wireless group 1, and wireless board N receives the wireless signal sent by the data acquisition terminal device in wireless group N. Several wireless boards transmit the received wireless signals to the processing unit, and the processing unit processes and stores the wireless signals.

[0036] (3) Monitoring data collection process:

[0037] The sensor acquires the measurement data and converts it into a signal. The data acquisition terminal device receives the signal sent by the sensor and converts the signal into a wireless signal and transmits it to the wireless gateway device for analysis and processing.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the engineering unit inspects a 2km long wilderness to investigate whether the foundation of the area is suitable for building a railway. It is necessary to densely deploy 500 monitoring points in the 2km area to monitor the vibration of the foundation. Using the wireless acquisition method of the present application, the wireless gateway device is deployed in the middle of the 2km, 25 wireless boards are set, and each wireless board is equipped with 20 data acquisition terminal devices. A total of 500 data acquisition terminal devices are distributed within a range of 2km. Each data acquisition terminal device converts the received sensor data signal into a wireless signal and transmits it to the wireless gateway device. After receiving the data, the wireless gateway device records and analyzes the data in groups according to the number of each data acquisition terminal device.

[0039] In another embodiment, the integrated monitoring system of the Wufengshan Yangtze River Bridge needs to deploy 820 data acquisition terminal devices at a total length of 1432m, and the monitoring points are distributed at the beam end, mid-span, 8 points, 16 points, etc. The wireless acquisition method of the present application is used to implement monitoring, and two groups of wireless gateway devices can be used to receive the monitoring data of the data acquisition terminal devices on the left and right sides respectively.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made within the protection scope of the present invention should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless collection method for monitoring data of railway engineering facilities, characterized in that: The wireless acquisition method includes: According to the actual situation of railway maintenance facilities, the railway maintenance facilities are divided into several sections according to the frequency band grouping; each section of railway maintenance facilities is provided with a group of wireless groups, each group of wireless groups includes several data acquisition terminal devices, and several of the data acquisition terminal devices are connected to the wireless gateway device together; Addresses are divided within the group. According to the actual situation of each section of railway maintenance facilities, several addresses are distributed in each section of railway maintenance facilities. A data acquisition terminal device is set at each address, and each of the data acquisition terminal devices can be connected to multiple sensors of different types. The sensor acquires measurement data and converts it into a signal. The data acquisition terminal device receives the signal and converts the signal into a wireless signal and transmits it to the wireless gateway device for analysis and processing.

2. A method for wirelessly collecting monitoring data of railway maintenance facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition terminal device includes a data conversion module, a micro control unit, a battery module, a solar module and a wireless transmission module; the data conversion module converts the received signal into a digital signal, the micro control unit performs edge computing on the digital signal, and performs preliminary identification of the status of railway engineering facilities. The identification result is converted into the wireless signal through the wireless transmission module and transmitted to the wireless gateway device.

3. A method for wirelessly collecting monitoring data of railway maintenance facilities according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data conversion module includes an analog-to-digital converter and a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter, and provides different interfaces for different types of signals connected. When an analog signal is connected, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter; when a serial signal is connected, the serial signal is converted into a digital signal through the universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter.

4. A wireless collection method for railway maintenance facility monitoring data according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The signals include analog signals, high and low level digital signals and serial signals.

5. A wireless collection method for railway maintenance facility monitoring data according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wireless gateway device includes a data receiving unit and a processing unit, and the data receiving unit includes a plurality of wireless boards; the wireless boards receive the wireless signals sent by the data acquisition terminal devices in the corresponding wireless group, and the plurality of wireless boards transmit the received wireless signals to the processing unit.

6. A method for wirelessly collecting monitoring data of railway maintenance facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The monitoring objects of the railway engineering facilities include roadbed, bridges, tunnels, tracks and station buildings.

7. A method for wirelessly collecting monitoring data of railway maintenance facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The status monitoring content of the railway engineering facilities includes settlement and deformation monitoring of roadbed, bridge structure status monitoring, abnormal deformation monitoring of tunnels, seamless line locked rail temperature monitoring, track stiffness detection and structural parameter monitoring of station buildings.

Images