A sunflower harvesting header device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology and provides a sunflower harvesting header device. It includes: a frame, on which are mounted a auger conveyor mechanism, a harvesting mechanism, a stalk-crushing mechanism, and a stalk-breaking mechanism; wherein, the harvesting mechanism is equipped with a cutting mechanism and multiple harvesting units, each harvesting unit consisting of two harvesting elements arranged in a staggered pattern; each harvesting element has multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth on its first end face, and a symmetrically arranged first and second clamping plates on its second end face. The advantages are: adjacent arc-shaped clamping teeth on the harvesting elements contact the stalk to form two-point clamping, and the first and second clamping plates also contact the stalk to form two-point clamping, thus each harvesting unit forms four-point contact clamping with the stalk, improving clamping stability; and the rotatable arrangement of the springs and the first and second clamping plates allows the harvesting unit to adapt to stalks of different diameters, reducing the impact of the harvesting unit on the stalk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a sunflower harvesting header device. Background Technology

[0002] Sunflower seeds have a low oil content, and while some are used for oil extraction, most are consumed as snacks, commonly known as melon seeds. Due to regional climate characteristics, to reduce seed moisture content to safe storage standards (<12%) and improve commercial quality, sunflower harvesting in Xinjiang employs a segmented process: Near maturity, the sunflower heads are manually cut and inserted into the stems for sun-drying (the "inserted-head drying method"), allowing them to air-dry naturally for 5-7 days. This improves the appearance and market price of the sunflower seeds. They are then manually collected and threshed. This process faces three major technical bottlenecks: ① Multiple manual operations result in harvesting costs accounting for as much as 23.3%; ② Manual field operations are only efficient at 0.3-0.5 hectares per day; ③ The secondary handling process causes mechanical damage to the seeds. In some areas, a direct drying method is used, where the sunflower heads are not cut off, and the seeds are harvested directly in the field after the moisture content has decreased to a certain level. Whether using the tray drying method or the direct harvesting method, the decrease in seed moisture content reduces the bond between the seeds and the sunflower head, making the seeds more prone to splashing under external impact. Therefore, the lower the impact force during harvesting, the better.

[0003] Domestic research institutions and related enterprises have developed some sunflower combine harvesters, but they have not been widely promoted. The main problems are as follows: 1) In order to adapt to the height of sunflower plants with different agronomical processes, the diameter of the reel is large and rigid materials are used. Combined with a circumferential linear velocity of 2-4 m / s, the dynamic impact load exceeds the threshold that the sunflower disc can withstand due to the lack of buffering and energy absorption characteristics of the contact parts materials. The failure of flexible contact leads to a seed splash loss rate as high as 6% to 7%. In addition, after the sunflower disc is cut, it flips in the air at the circumferential linear speed of the reel, and makes multiple contact and collisions with the reeling mechanism, resulting in the sunflower disc breaking and falling. 2) After drying, the connection between the seeds and the sunflower disc and between adjacent seeds is reduced and the seeds have strong rebound. The linear speed parameters are not matched with the biomechanical characteristics of the sunflower disc. When working in contact with the sunflower disc, insufficient vibration and impact control causes the sunflower disc structure to break, resulting in conveying loss. 3) When reeling, the sunflower disc and the stem are connected together. At the same time as being reeled into the sunflower disc, the stem may also be reeled into the auger conveying mechanism, increasing the stem impurities in the sunflower disc and increasing the cleaning burden.

[0004] The aforementioned problems have resulted in significant harvest losses and have become a key bottleneck restricting the mechanization upgrade of Xinjiang's sunflower industry.

[0005] Therefore, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sunflower harvesting header device to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sunflower harvesting header device, comprising: a frame, wherein the frame is equipped with an auger conveying mechanism, a reeling mechanism, a reeling disc mechanism, and a stalk crushing mechanism; wherein,

[0008] The pulling mechanism is equipped with a cutting mechanism and multiple pulling units, each of which consists of two pulling elements arranged in a staggered manner.

[0009] Each of the rice-pulling elements has a plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth on its first end face, and a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate arranged symmetrically on its second end face.

[0010] After being subjected to force, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate rotate toward the inner side of the middle of the second end face, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are elastically supported.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, in each of the two pulling elements in the pulling unit, a plurality of the arc-shaped clamping teeth on one of the pulling elements are arranged toward the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate on the other pulling element.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the second end of the pulling element is provided with an inward groove, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are respectively hinged to the two side walls of the groove, and an elastic support is provided in the groove.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the top of the elastic support is provided with a support plate, and the top surface of the support plate is slidably connected to the non-hinged ends of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate after being subjected to force.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the elastic support is located in the middle of the groove, and the elastic support is a spring.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth are evenly distributed on the first end face, and the multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth are the same size; multiple convex teeth are evenly distributed on the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and the multiple convex teeth are the same size.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, each of the pulling elements is disposed on a drive chain, and the two pulling elements in each pulling unit are respectively disposed on two adjacent drive chains.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the dial mechanism is located above the tail of the reeling mechanism, the stalk crushing mechanism is located below the tail of the reeling mechanism, and the auger conveying mechanism is located at the rear of the dial mechanism.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the stalk crushing mechanism includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component, which rotate in opposite directions.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the cutting mechanism includes a first cutting disk and a second cutting disk arranged alternately, with continuous arc-shaped cutting teeth evenly arranged on the circumference of the first cutting disk and the second cutting disk.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) In this invention, the two adjacent arc-shaped clamping teeth on the pulling element contact the stem to form two-point clamping, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate contact the stem to form two-point clamping. In this way, each pulling unit forms four-point contact clamping with the stem, which improves the stability of clamping. Moreover, the rotatable setting of the spring and the first and second clamping plates not only enables the pulling unit to adapt to stems of different diameters, but also reduces the impact of the pulling unit on the stem.

[0022] (2) In this invention, the two adjacent arc-shaped cutting teeth on each cutting disc contact the stem respectively, and the two points on each cutting disc (the cutting disc (straight cutting blade) in the prior art contacts the stem at a single point) contact the stem for cutting. The two cutting discs are staggered, which increases the number of contact points between the cutting disc and the stem (four-point contact cutting), reduces the impact of the cutting disc on the stem, and improves the cutting efficiency.

[0023] (3) In the stalk crushing mechanism of the present invention, the first crushing component and the second crushing component rotate in opposite directions, so that the stalks entering the stalk crushing mechanism are crushed and conveyed downwards at the same time, so that the sunflower disc and the stalk are quickly separated, ensuring that the sunflower disc enters the auger conveying mechanism through the dial mechanism efficiently, while reducing the stalk impurities entering the auger conveying mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sunflower harvesting header device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a sunflower harvesting header device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the auger conveyor mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rice-picking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rice-pulling element provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stalk crushing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0034] 1-Frame, 11-Discharge port; 2-Screw conveyor mechanism, 21-First spiral mechanism, 22-Second spiral mechanism; 3-Grain pulling mechanism, 31-Grain divider, 32-Upper cover plate, 33-Lower cover plate, 34-Grain pulling unit, 341-Grain pulling element, 3411-First end face, 3412-Second end face, 3413-Arc-shaped clamping tooth, 3414-Groove, 3415-First clamping plate, 3416-Second clamping plate, 3417-Spring, 3418-Protruding tooth, 3419-Support plate, 35-First sprocket, 36-Second sprocket, 37-First tensioning wheel, 38-Second tensioning wheel, 39-Drive chain; 4-Dial mechanism, 5-Cutting mechanism, 51-First cutting disc, 52-Second cutting disc, 511-Arc-shaped cutting tooth; 6-Stalk crushing mechanism, 61-First crushing component, 62-Second crushing component. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly located on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other component. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientations or positions based on the accompanying drawings, and are for ease of description only, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. "Multiple" means two or more, and "several" means any number including one, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 1-8 The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a sunflower harvesting header device, including: a frame 1, on which a screw conveyor mechanism 2, a stalk pulling mechanism 3, a stalk pulling mechanism 4 and a stalk crushing mechanism 6 are provided.

[0038] Specifically, the pulling mechanism 3 is equipped with a cutting mechanism 5 and multiple pulling units 34. Each pulling unit 34 consists of two pulling elements 341 arranged in a staggered manner. Each pulling element 341 is arranged on a transmission chain 39, and the two pulling elements 341 in each pulling unit 34 are respectively arranged on two adjacent transmission chains 39.

[0039] It should be noted that the reeling mechanism 3 includes multiple drive chains 39. Taking one drive chain 39 as an example, the drive chain 39 is installed between a set of upper cover plates 32 and lower cover plates 33. A divider 31 is provided in front of the upper cover plates 32 and lower cover plates 33. A first sprocket 35 and a second sprocket 36 are respectively provided at both ends of the lower cover plate 33. The drive chain 39 is sleeved on the first sprocket 35 and the second sprocket 36. A first tensioning wheel 37 and a second tensioning wheel 38 are also provided on the lower cover plate 33. The first tensioning wheel 37 and the second tensioning wheel 38 are used to adjust the tension of the drive chain 39. Multiple reeling elements 341 are evenly arranged at equal intervals on the outer surface of the drive chain 39. The multiple reeling elements 341 move with the drive chain 39 as it runs.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first cutting disc 51 is connected to the lower part of the drive shaft of the first sprocket 35, while the second cutting disc 52 is connected to the lower part of the drive shaft of the first sprocket 35 in another drive chain 39 used in conjunction with it. The aforementioned first cutting disc 51 and second cutting disc 52 are arranged alternately, and continuous arc-shaped cutting teeth 511 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the first cutting disc 51 and the second cutting disc 52. During cutting, two adjacent arc-shaped cutting teeth 511 on each cutting disc contact the stem, and two points on each cutting disc (in the prior art, the cutting disc (straight cutting blade) makes single-point contact with the stem) make cutting contact with the stem. The alternating arrangement of the first cutting disc 51 and the second cutting disc 52 increases the number of contact points between the cutting disc and the stem (four-point contact cutting), reduces the impact of the cutting disc on the stem, and improves the cutting efficiency. The first cutting disc 51 and the second cutting disc 52 are each provided with a driving device to drive the drive shaft of the first sprocket 35 to rotate, synchronously driving the cutting disc and the corresponding drive chain 39.

[0041] Furthermore, each pulling element 341 has a plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on its first end face 3411, and a first clamping plate 3415 and a second clamping plate 3416 arranged symmetrically on its second end face 3412. When subjected to force, the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 rotate toward the inner center of the second end face 3412, and are elastically supported. In each pulling unit 34, the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on one of the two pulling elements 341 are positioned toward the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 on the other pulling element 341.

[0042] In this embodiment, the second end face 3412 of the pulling element 341 has an inwardly formed groove 3414. The first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 are respectively hinged to the two side walls of the groove 3414. An elastic support member is provided inside the groove 3414. A support plate 3419 is provided on the top of the elastic support member, and the top surface of the support plate 3419 is slidably connected to the non-hinged ends of the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 after being subjected to force. Preferably, the elastic support member is located in the middle of the groove 3414, and the elastic support member is a spring 3417. Multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 are evenly distributed on the first end face 3411, and the multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 are of the same size; multiple protruding teeth 3418 are evenly distributed on the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416, and the multiple protruding teeth 3418 are of the same size.

[0043] It is worth mentioning that the multiple pulling elements 341 evenly spaced on the outside of the other transmission chain 39, which works in conjunction with the first transmission chain 39, cooperate with each other. That is, the multiple pulling elements 341 on the first transmission chain 39 and the multiple pulling elements 341 on the other transmission chain 39 are arranged alternately. One pulling element 341 on the first transmission chain 39 is inserted between two adjacent pulling elements 341 on the other transmission chain 39. In other words, the multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on the aforementioned pulling element 341 are set towards the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 on the other pulling element 341. With the above structural arrangement, the two adjacent arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on the pulling element 341 contact the stalk to form two-point clamping, and the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 contact the stalk to form two-point clamping. In this way, each pulling unit 34 forms four-point contact clamping with the stalk, which improves the stability of clamping. Moreover, the rotatable arrangement of the elastic element and the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 not only allows the pulling unit 34 to adapt to stalks of different diameters, but also reduces the impact of the pulling unit 34 on the stalk.

[0044] In addition, the dial mechanism 4 is located above the tail of the reeling mechanism 3, the stalk crushing mechanism 6 is located below the tail of the reeling mechanism 3, and the auger conveying mechanism 2 is located at the rear of the dial mechanism 4. The stalk crushing mechanism 6 includes a first crushing component 61 and a second crushing component 62, which rotate in opposite directions.

[0045] It should be noted that the stalk crushing mechanism 6 is located directly below the dial mechanism 4. The stalks cut by the cutting mechanism 5 (still carrying the sunflower discs) enter the stalk crushing mechanism 6 in a roughly vertical state. The first crushing component 61 and the second crushing component 62 rotate in opposite directions, so that the stalks entering the stalk crushing mechanism 6 are crushed and conveyed downwards at the same time, so that the sunflower discs and stalks are quickly separated. This ensures that the sunflower discs pass through the dial mechanism 4 and enter the auger conveyor mechanism 2 efficiently, while reducing the amount of stalk impurities entering the auger conveyor mechanism 2 (in the prior art, the stalk crushing mechanism 6 is not set, and the probability of the stalks entering the auger conveyor mechanism with the sunflower discs is high). The first spiral mechanism 21 and the second spiral mechanism 22 in the auger conveyor mechanism 2 guide the sunflower discs toward the discharge port to complete the operation.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sunflower harvesting header device, characterized in that, include: The frame (1) is equipped with an auger conveyor mechanism (2), a reeling mechanism (3), a reeling disc mechanism (4), and a stalk crushing mechanism (6); wherein, The pulling mechanism (3) is provided with a cutting mechanism (5) and multiple pulling units (34), each of the pulling units (34) being composed of two pulling elements (341) arranged in a staggered manner. Each of the pulling elements (341) has a plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) on its first end face (3411) and a first clamping plate (3415) and a second clamping plate (3416) arranged symmetrically on its second end face (3412). After being subjected to force, the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) rotate toward the inner side of the middle of the second end face (3412), and the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) are elastically supported. In each of the two pulling elements (341) of the pulling unit (34), a plurality of the arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) on one of the pulling elements (341) are arranged toward the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) on the other pulling element (341); The second end face (3412) of the pulling element (341) is provided with a groove (3414) inward. The first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) are respectively hinged to the two side walls of the groove (3414). An elastic support is provided in the groove (3414). The top of the elastic support is provided with a support plate (3419), and the top surface of the support plate (3419) is slidably connected to the non-hinged ends of the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) after being subjected to force. Multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) are evenly distributed on the first end face (3411), and the multiple arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) are the same size; multiple convex teeth (3418) are evenly distributed on the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416), and the multiple convex teeth (3418) are the same size. Each of the pulling elements (341) is disposed on the drive chain (39), and the two pulling elements (341) in each pulling unit (34) are disposed on two adjacent drive chains (39).

2. The sunflower harvesting header device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic support is located in the middle of the groove (3414), and the elastic support is a spring (3417).

3. The sunflower harvesting header device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dial mechanism (4) is located above the tail of the hoeing mechanism (3), the stalk crushing mechanism (6) is located below the tail of the hoeing mechanism (3), and the auger conveying mechanism (2) is located at the rear of the dial mechanism (4).

4. The sunflower harvesting header device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stalk crushing mechanism (6) includes a first crushing component (61) and a second crushing component (62), which rotate in opposite directions.

5. The sunflower harvesting header device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism (5) includes a first cutting disk (51) and a second cutting disk (52) arranged alternately. The first cutting disk (51) and the second cutting disk (52) are respectively evenly arranged with continuous arc-shaped cutting teeth (511) on their circumferences.

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