Hydraulically-driven mechanical pin shaft inserting and pulling device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulically-driven mechanical pin shaft inserting and pulling device and a using method thereof.The hydraulically-driven mechanical pin shaft inserting and pulling device comprises a butt joint plate, an actuator and a power control system, the actuator is moved and supported through hoisting equipment, and the actuator comprises a supporting barrel and a hydraulic oil cylinder; the supporting barrel and the butt-joint plate are in butt joint rapidly and accurately in a matched mode through a lock column and a lock hole, it is guaranteed that the inner side of the supporting barrel, a pin hole and a via hole are located in the same axial direction, the supporting barrel is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder through a bolt, and an actuator and a pin shaft are rapidly connected and disconnected through a spin lock connecting mechanism. The device can be applied to all types of petroleum drilling machines and similar drilling and production equipment at present, can meet the rapid plugging and unplugging requirements of pin shafts of most specifications in most spaces, is light in weight design, improves the labor comfort of personnel and the dismounting and mounting safety and efficiency of the drilling machines, and has very wide matched application prospects, and the number of drilling machines in China at present reaches thousands of thousands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rig disassembly and installation. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hydraulic-driven mechanical pin inserting and extracting device and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] Components such as the derrick and substructure of an oil rig are connected by pins through multiple modular sub-components. During the installation and disassembly process, manual pin insertion or extraction operations need to be carried out by climbing high and hitting a hammer or using a traveling block hammer to impact. This operation belongs to high-risk and heavy physical labor, often consuming a large amount of energy and physical strength of the staff, and also restricting the efficiency of the entire rig disassembly and installation. With the contradictions such as the increasing average age of workers in each drilling crew year by year and the difficulty in recruiting young labor becoming gradually prominent, the traditional method of manually hitting pins poses a greater threat to the physical and mental health of the staff and the efficiency of rig disassembly and installation. It is necessary to develop mechanized equipment that can replace manual pin insertion and extraction operations to reduce the labor intensity of workers for pin insertion and extraction and improve the efficiency of rig disassembly and installation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic-driven mechanical pin inserting and extracting device and its usage method to solve the technical problem of the large difficulty in the installation and removal docking of pins for large rig equipment in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve these and other advantages of the present invention, on the one hand, there is provided a hydraulic-driven mechanical pin inserting and extracting device for inserting and extracting pins provided on a rig, including: A docking plate fixed outside the rig ear plate where the pin to be installed is located. The rig ear plate has a pin hole. A through hole is provided through the middle of the docking plate, and the through hole is coaxially arranged with the pin hole for jointly guiding the passing pin. On both sides of the through hole on the docking plate, locking holes penetrating the docking plate are symmetrically provided; An actuator including a hydraulic cylinder and a support cylinder horizontally arranged in sequence towards the docking plate. The inner side of the support cylinder is used to axially load the pin. At one end of the support cylinder facing the docking plate, there is an end ring plate. On the end ring plate, a pair of locking columns are correspondingly arranged outwardly corresponding to a pair of locking holes. The locking columns are used to penetrate into the locking holes to coaxially dock the support cylinder and the docking plate. The other end of the support cylinder is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder can axially extend and retract within the support cylinder. A detachable connection is provided between the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the outer end of the pin through a rotary locking connection mechanism; A power control system, which includes a hoisting device and a control terminal. The hoisting device is used to align the actuator with the lock post and the lock hole to connect the actuator with the docking plate. The control terminal is used to control the connection of the rotary lock connection mechanism and the telescopic movement of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to pull out the pin shaft into the support cylinder or insert the pin shaft into the corresponding position on the drill rig.

[0006] Preferably, the lock hole is provided with a two-layer structure of an inner layer hole and an outer layer hole that are communicated in the thickness direction of the docking plate. Both the inner layer hole and the outer layer hole are oblong holes arranged vertically, and the width of the lower end of the outer layer hole is narrower than the width of the upper end. The lock post is a T-shaped cylinder structure that extends outward perpendicular to the end ring plate. The end size of the lock post is smaller than the width of the upper end of the outer layer hole and larger than the width of the lower end of the outer layer hole. The body size of the lock post is not greater than the width of the lower end of the outer layer hole. The inner hole of the end ring plate is an oblong hole arranged vertically and is not smaller than the size of the through hole. When the lock post falls to the bottom of the lock hole, the upper end of the inner hole of the end ring plate, the inner side of the support cylinder and the through hole are located on the same axis to form a plugging and unplugging movement channel for the pin shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the rotary lock connection mechanism includes a rotary joint located in the support cylinder and facing the pin shaft. The rotary joint includes a first cylindrical block sleeved and connected to the end of the telescopic rod and a second cylindrical block coaxially connected to the outer end of the first cylindrical block. The diameter of the first cylindrical block is larger than that of the second cylindrical block. A convex column is provided at the edge near the end on the side of the first cylindrical block connecting the second cylindrical block. A side rod is connected outward from the side wall of the first cylindrical block. An insertion block is arranged radially outward at the outer end of the second cylindrical block. An inwardly opened T-shaped cylindrical insertion hole is provided at the axial center of the outer end of the pin shaft. The smaller diameter end of the cylindrical insertion hole faces the second cylindrical block and is arranged in a shape matching that of the second cylindrical block and the insertion block. An arc-shaped groove is further provided on the outer side of the outer end of the pin shaft outside the cylindrical insertion hole. The convex column is arranged in cooperation with the arc-shaped groove and can slide circumferentially in the arc-shaped groove. By rotating the second cylindrical block and extending it into the larger diameter end of the cylindrical insertion hole, the insertion block abuts against the inner stepped surface of the cylindrical insertion hole to realize the connection between the rotary joint and the pin shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the support cylinder is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder by bolts. The power control system further includes a rotary motor installed at the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The rotary motor is communicatively connected to the control terminal. The rotary motor is used to drive the rotary joint to rotate, so as to drive the second cylindrical block to rotate in the cylindrical insertion hole and realize the axial locking connection between the rotary joint and the pin shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the support cylinder includes a plurality of connecting rings arranged at intervals along the coaxial direction. A circle of support rods are circumferentially connected between adjacent connecting rings and between the end ring plate and the adjacent connecting ring. The inner diameter of the connecting ring is greater than the outer diameter of the pin shaft. The connecting ring close to the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder by bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the inner hole of the end ring plate is an oblong hole arranged vertically, and the upper end is aligned with the axial direction of the inner holes of all the connecting rings. One of the connecting rings close to the end ring plate is set as a docking ring plate, and the circle of support rods between the docking ring plate and the end ring plate are arranged along the shape of the inner hole of the end ring plate.

[0011] Preferably, a hanging ear is arranged on the top of the docking ring plate.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of lifting frames are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder. The lifting frame includes a pair of pull rings sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder and a portal rod connected to the tops of the pair of pull rings. The lifting end of the lifting equipment is connected to the portal rod.

[0013] Preferably, a chute is vertically and penetratingly opened at the upper end of the end ring plate. A baffle is slidably connected in the chute along the vertical direction. The upper end of the baffle extends out of the chute and horizontally connects an arc plate towards the docking plate. The arc plate limits the top of the baffle. The bottom of the arc plate is arranged in cooperation with the top of the docking plate. The dimension that the arc plate extends beyond the end ring plate in the direction towards the docking plate is slightly larger than the axial length of the locking post and not larger than the thickness of the docking plate. The bottom of the baffle has a circular arc groove recessed upwards, and the maximum distance from the center of the circular arc groove to the bottom of the chute is equal to the distance between the upper and lower ends of the locking post.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a use method of a hydraulic-driven mechanical plugging and unplugging pin shaft device, including the following steps: S1. Set the cylindrical jack at the end center of the pin shaft, set the adapter at the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, connect the support cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder by bolts, make the adapter located inside the support cylinder, and use the lifting equipment to move the support cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder simultaneously; S2. Weld the docking plate outside the ear plate, and align the through hole and the pin hole; S3. When inserting the pin shaft, load the pin shaft into the support cylinder, connect the pin shaft to the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the adapter, lift the actuator to make the locking column enter the bottom of the lock hole, realize the axial alignment of the support cylinder and the through hole, extend the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the control terminal, drive the pin shaft to translate and enter the through hole until the pin shaft penetrates into the specified position, then disconnect the adapter from the pin shaft, and then move the locking column out of the lock hole to complete the pin insertion operation, and move the actuator away; When pulling out the pin shaft, insert the locking column into the lock hole, align the through hole, extend the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, connect it to the pin shaft through the adapter, drive the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder to retract, drive the pin shaft to be pulled out from the through hole until the pin shaft is completely taken out and enters the support cylinder, and lift the locking column out of the lock hole to complete the pin pulling operation, and move the actuator away.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The hydraulic-driven mechanical pin inserting and pulling device of the present invention includes a docking plate, an actuator, and a power control system. The hoisting equipment is used to move and support the actuator. The actuator includes a support cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder. The support cylinder and the docking plate are quickly and accurately matched and docked through a locking column and a lock hole to ensure that the inner side of the support cylinder, the pin hole, and the through hole are on the same axis. The support cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder are connected by bolts. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder can axially extend and retract in the support cylinder and is detachably connected to the end of the pin shaft through a rotary locking connection mechanism. Thus, through the movement of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the pin inserting and pulling operations at specific positions are realized. The overall structure is designed with lightweight, low noise, convenient operation, transportation, and storage, good experience, high docking accuracy. A rotary locking connection mechanism is adopted between the actuator and the pin shaft to achieve quick connection and disconnection, with convenient and rapid operation, large insertion and pulling force, up to more than 20 KN, meeting the normal insertion and pulling force requirements of various specifications of pin shafts. A rechargeable battery is used, and there is no need to connect a power supply on-site, which can meet the operation requirements in any area of the well site.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydraulic-driven mechanical pin inserting and pulling device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support cylinder of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pin shaft of the present invention; Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the docking plate of the present invention; Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the baffle plate of the present invention; Reference numerals in the specification drawings: 1, pin shaft; 2, ear plate; 3, docking plate; 4, lock hole; 5, hydraulic cylinder; 6, support cylinder; 7, end ring plate; 8, lock post; 9, inner layer hole; 10, outer layer hole; 11, adapter; 12, first cylindrical block; 13, second cylindrical block; 14, convex post; 15, insertion block; 16, cylindrical insertion hole; 17, arc groove; 18, side rod; 19, connecting ring; 20, support rod; 21, hanging ear; 22, lifting frame; 23, baffle plate; 24, arc plate; 25, circular arc groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following implementation schemes are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels; in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0020] As Figure 1-6 shown, the present invention provides a hydraulic-driven mechanical plug-and-unplug pin shaft device for plugging and unplugging the pin shaft 1 provided on a drilling rig, including: A docking plate 3, which is fixed on the outside of the ear plate 2 of the drilling rig where the pin shaft 1 is to be installed. There is a pin hole on the ear plate 2 of the drilling rig. A through hole is formed through the middle of the docking plate 3, and the through hole is coaxially arranged with the pin hole for jointly guiding the passing pin shaft 1. Lock holes 4 penetrating through the docking plate are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through hole on the docking plate; An actuator, which includes a hydraulic cylinder 5 and a support cylinder 6 arranged horizontally in sequence towards the docking plate 3. The inner side of the support cylinder 6 is used to axially load the pin shaft 1. One end of the support cylinder 6 towards the docking plate 3 is provided with an end ring plate 7. Corresponding to a pair of lock holes 4 on the end ring plate 7, a pair of lock posts 8 are provided outward. The lock posts 8 are used to penetrate into the lock holes 4 to coaxially dock the support cylinder 6 and the docking plate 3. The other end of the support cylinder 6 is connected to the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 can axially extend and retract within the support cylinder 6. A detachable connection is provided between the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the outer end of the pin shaft 1 through a rotary lock connection mechanism; A power control system, which includes a lifting device and a control terminal. The lifting device is used to align the actuator so that the lock posts 8 and the lock holes 4 are aligned to connect the actuator and the docking plate 3. The control terminal is used to control the connection of the rotary lock connection mechanism and the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 to pull out the pin shaft 1 into the support cylinder 6 or insert the pin shaft 1 into the corresponding position on the drill rig.

[0021] Align the docking plate 3 with the pin shaft 1 insertion and extraction installation position on the ear plate 2. One end of the pin shaft 1 provided with the rotary lock connection mechanism is set to expose a part outside the docking plate 3 for subsequent docking. Through a lifting device such as a crane, tie the actuator, keep the lifting balanced, move the actuator so that the open end of the support cylinder 6 not connected to the hydraulic cylinder 5 faces the docking plate 3, align the lock posts 8 and the lock holes 4, and the end face of the support cylinder 6 abuts against the docking plate 3 to complete the docking between the inner side of the support cylinder 6 and the through hole. Then, the control terminal drives the hydraulic cylinder 5 to extend and retract.

[0022] When installing the pin shaft 1, first load the pin shaft 1 into the support cylinder 6 in advance, and connect the pin shaft 1 and the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the rotary lock connection mechanism. After the support cylinder 6 and the docking plate 3 are abutted and aligned, the hydraulic cylinder 5 extends the telescopic rod to push and drive the pin shaft 1 to pass through the through hole and the pin hole in sequence until it penetrates into the designated position of the drill rig; when pulling out the pin shaft 1, after the support cylinder 6 and the docking plate 3 are abutted and aligned, the hydraulic cylinder 5 extends the telescopic rod to connect the rotary lock connection structure between the exposed part of the pin shaft 1 and the telescopic rod, then retracts the telescopic rod to pull the pin shaft 1 into the support cylinder 6, and then moves the lock posts 8 out of the lock holes 4.

[0023] The hydraulic-driven mechanical pin 1 insertion and extraction device of the present invention includes a docking plate 3, an actuator, and a power control system. A hoisting device is used to move and support the actuator. The actuator includes a support cylinder 6 and a hydraulic cylinder 5. The support cylinder 6 and the docking plate 3 are docked through the cooperation of a locking column 8 and a locking hole 4, ensuring that the inner side of the support cylinder 6, the pin hole, and the through hole are located on the same axis, realizing the quick and precise docking of the actuator and the pin hole. The support cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 are connected by bolts. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 can axially extend and retract in the support cylinder 6 and is detachably connected to the end of the pin 1 through a rotary lock connection mechanism. Thus, through the movement of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5, the insertion and extraction actions of the pin 1 at a specific position are realized. A rotary lock connection mechanism is adopted between the actuator and the pin 1 to achieve quick connection and disconnection, with convenient and rapid operation. The overall structure is designed with lightweight, low noise, convenient operation, transportation, and storage, good experience, large insertion and extraction force, up to more than 20 KN, meeting the normal insertion and extraction force requirements of pins 1 of various specifications. An energy storage battery is adopted, and no power supply needs to be connected on-site, which can meet the operation requirements in any area of the well site.

[0024] In another technical solution, as Figure 1 , 5 shown, the locking hole 4 is provided with a two-layer structure of an inner layer hole 9 and an outer layer hole 10 that are connected in the thickness direction of the docking plate 3. Both the inner layer hole 9 and the outer layer hole 10 are vertically arranged oblong holes, and the lower end width of the outer layer hole 10 is narrower than the upper end width. The locking column 8 is a T-shaped cylinder structure extending outward perpendicular to the end ring plate 7. The end size of the locking column 8 is smaller than the upper end width of the outer layer hole 10 and larger than the lower end width of the outer layer hole 10. The column body size of the locking column 8 is not larger than the lower end width of the outer layer hole 10. The inner hole of the end ring plate 7 is a vertically arranged oblong hole and is not smaller than the size of the through hole. When the locking column 8 falls to the bottom of the locking hole 4, the upper end of the inner hole of the end ring plate 7, the inner side of the support cylinder 6, and the through hole are located on the same axis, forming the insertion and extraction movement channel of the pin 1.

[0025] The upper end of the outer layer hole 10 allows the locking column 8 to penetrate. The larger head end of the locking column 8 enters the upper end of the inner layer hole 9 when it reaches the upper end of the locking column 8. The thin end of the column body of the locking column 8 is located at the upper end of the outer layer hole 10 at this time. Then, the support cylinder 6, the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the locking column 8 move downward. The thin end of the locking column 8 slides into the lower end of the outer layer hole 10 until the head end of the locking column 8 abuts against the bottom of the inner layer hole 9. At this time, the inner axials of the set end ring plate 7 and the support cylinder 6 are aligned with the axial of the through hole. After that, the pin 1 can be inserted and extracted along the insertion and extraction movement channel as needed. The support cylinder 6 stores the pin 1 on the outside and plays a protective role at the same time.

[0026] In another technical solution, as Figure 1 , 3As shown in FIGS. 4, the rotary lock connection mechanism includes a rotary joint 11 located inside the support cylinder 6 and facing the pin shaft 1. The rotary joint 11 includes a first cylindrical block 12 sleeved and connected to the end of the telescopic rod and a second cylindrical block 13 coaxially connected to the outer end of the first cylindrical block 12. The diameter of the first cylindrical block 12 is larger than that of the second cylindrical block 13. A convex column 14 is provided at the edge near the end on the side of the first cylindrical block 12 connecting the second cylindrical block 13. An insertion block 15 is radially outwardly provided at the outer end of the second cylindrical block 13. An inwardly opened T-shaped cylindrical insertion hole 16 is provided at the axis of the outer end of the pin shaft 1. The smaller diameter end of the cylindrical insertion hole 16 faces the second cylindrical block 13 and is arranged in a shape matching that of the second cylindrical block 13 and the insertion block 15. An arc-shaped groove 17 is further provided at the outer side of the cylindrical insertion hole 16 at the outer end of the pin shaft 1. The convex column 14 is arranged in cooperation with the arc-shaped groove 17 and can slide circumferentially in the arc-shaped groove 17. By rotating the second cylindrical block 13 and extending it into the larger diameter end of the cylindrical insertion hole 16, the insertion block 15 abuts against the inner stepped surface of the cylindrical insertion hole 16, realizing the connection between the rotary joint 11 and the pin shaft 1.

[0027] The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the pin shaft 1 are connected through the movement of the rotary joint 11. The rotary joint 11 extends out, and the second cylindrical block 13 extends out to the outside of the cylindrical insertion hole 16. The rotary joint 11 is rotated so that the insertion block 15 is aligned with the smaller diameter end of the cylindrical insertion hole 16 of the pin shaft 1, and the convex column 14 is aligned with the arc-shaped groove 17. Then, the second cylindrical block 13 is continuously driven to extend into the cylindrical insertion hole 16 until it reaches the larger diameter end of the inner layer of the cylindrical insertion hole 16. At this time, the convex column 14 abuts against the arc-shaped groove 17, and the end face of the first cylindrical block 12 abuts against the end face of the pin shaft 1. A side rod 18 can be externally connected to the side wall of the first cylindrical block 12. The rotary joint 11 can be rotated by using the side rod 18 as a handle. The arc-shaped groove 17 is generally set within an angle range of 90°. After the convex column 14 rotates 90°, the arc-shaped groove 17 limits the position, so that the rotary joint 11 stops rotating, and the insertion block 15 on the first cylindrical block 12 rotates to be staggered from the outer hole position of the cylindrical insertion hole 16, thus realizing the axial connection between the rotary joint 11 and the pin shaft 1. Subsequently, when the hydraulic cylinder 5 expands and contracts, the pin shaft 1 can be driven to move.

[0028] In another technical solution, as Figure 3 shown, the support cylinder 6 and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 5 are connected by bolts. The power control system further includes a rotary motor installed at the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The rotary motor is communicatively connected to the control terminal. The rotary motor is used to drive the rotary joint 11 to rotate, so as to drive the second cylindrical block 13 to rotate in the cylindrical insertion hole 16, realizing the axial locking connection between the rotary joint 11 and the pin shaft 1. By setting the rotary motor, the control terminal can start the rotary joint 11 to rotate a certain required angle, realizing the quick and automatic connection between the rotary joint 11 and the pin shaft 1.

[0029] In another technical solution, as Figure 1-3 shown, the support cylinder 6 includes a plurality of connecting rings 19 arranged at intervals along the coaxial direction. A circle of support rods 20 are respectively connected circumferentially between adjacent connecting rings 19 and between the end ring plate 7 and the adjacent connecting rings 19. The inner diameter of the connecting ring 19 is greater than the outer diameter of the pin shaft 1. The connecting ring 19 close to the hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder 5 by bolts.

[0030] The support cylinder 6 is formed by connecting the connecting rings 19 and the support rods 20. The overall structure is designed with lightweight, can be flexibly designed according to the size of the pin shaft 1, and the connection of the internal rotary lock connection mechanism and the movement of the pin shaft 1 can be clearly seen.

[0031] In another technical solution, as Figure 2 、 6 shown, the inner hole of the end ring plate 7 is an oblong hole arranged vertically and the upper ends are aligned axially with the inner holes of all the connecting rings 19. One of the connecting rings 19 close to the end ring plate 7 is set as a docking ring plate. A circle of the support rods 20 between the docking ring plate and the end ring plate 7 are arranged along the shape of the inner hole of the end ring plate 7.

[0032] The space surrounded by the support rods 20 between the docking ring plate and the end ring plate 7 forms a long cylindrical cavity, which is larger than the cylindrical space surrounded by the support rods 20 between adjacent connecting rings 19. The long cylindrical cavity has a guiding space at the bottom. When docking the support cylinder 6 and the docking plate 3, with the lower end of the end ring plate 7 as the position for pulling out the pin shaft 1, it abuts against the lower part of the outer end of the pin shaft 1. At this time, the locking column 8 is exactly located at the upper end of the locking hole 4, which is convenient for the locking column 8 to enter the locking hole 4 along the horizontal straight line direction.

[0033] In another technical solution, as Figure 2 shown, a hanging ear 21 is arranged at the top of the docking ring plate, which is convenient for connecting with the lifting equipment.

[0034] In another technical solution, as Figure 1-2 shown, a plurality of lifting frames 22 are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The lifting frame 22 includes a pair of pull rings sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and a portal rod connected to the tops of the pair of pull rings. The lifting end of the lifting equipment is connected to the portal rod. When the lifting equipment supports the lifting actuator, the portal rod and the hanging ear 21 are used as connection points and are respectively connected to the lifting end, which can better maintain the stability of the lifting and moving states.

[0035] In another technical solution, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, a chute is vertically and penetratingly formed at the upper end of the end ring plate 7. A baffle 23 is slidably connected in the chute along the vertical direction. The upper end of the baffle 23 extends out of the chute and is horizontally connected with an arc plate 24 towards the docking plate 3. The arc plate 24 limits the top of the baffle 23. The bottom of the arc plate 24 is arranged in cooperation with the top of the docking plate 3. The dimension by which the arc plate 24 extends beyond the end ring plate 7 in the direction towards the docking plate 3 is slightly larger than the axial length of the locking post 8 and not larger than the thickness of the docking plate 3. The bottom of the baffle 23 has a circular arc groove 2517 recessed upwards. The maximum distance from the center of the circular arc groove 2517 to the bottom of the chute is equal to the distance between the centers of the upper and lower ends of the locking post 8. Flexible ropes are connected between the two sides of the arc portion and the corresponding sides of the top of the end ring plate 7 to prevent the baffle 23 from slipping out of the chute.

[0036] The arc portion of the baffle 23 faces the docking plate 3. In the natural state, the baffle 23 slides downwards, and the bottom of the arc plate 24 abuts against the end ring plate 7 near one end of the baffle 23. At this time, the lower end of the baffle 23 blocks the upper end of the long cylindrical cavity, and there is still a space between the circular arc groove 2517 and the bottom of the end ring plate 7 that is arranged in cooperation with the cross-sectional size of the pin shaft 1. One usage method is to use the inner bottom of the end ring plate 7 to abut against the outer bottom of the end of the pin shaft 1, lift the arc plate 24 upwards, thereby pushing up the baffle 23, completely emptying the inner space of the end ring plate 7, then translating towards the docking plate 3, aligning the locking post 8 to enter the lock hole 4, thereby completing the docking of the actuator and the docking plate 3. When pulling out the pin shaft 1, after the pin shaft 1 completely enters the support cylinder 6, lift the locking post 8 upwards and translate it. The arc plate 24 leaves the docking plate 3, and the baffle 23 drops, playing an axial blocking role at the tail of the pin shaft 1, and avoiding accidental slipping of the pin shaft 1 when contacting the connection between the contact adapter 11 and the pin shaft 1.

[0037] The present invention also provides a usage method for a hydraulic-driven mechanical plugging and unplugging pin shaft 1 device, in combination with Figure 1-6 As shown in the figure, it includes the following steps: S1. Set the cylindrical jack 16 at the end axis of the pin shaft 1, set the contact adapter 11 at the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5, connect the support cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 by bolts, so that the contact adapter 11 is located inside the support cylinder 6, and use the lifting equipment to move the support cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 simultaneously; S2. Weld the docking plate 3 outside one of the ear plates 2 of the drill rig, and align the through hole and the pin hole; S3. When inserting the pin shaft 1, insert the pin shaft 1 into the support cylinder 6, connect the pin shaft 1 to the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the adapter 11, lift the actuator, so that the locking column 8 enters the bottom of the locking hole 4, to achieve the axial alignment of the support cylinder 6 and the through hole. Then, extend the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the control terminal, drive the pin shaft 1 to translate and enter the through hole until the pin shaft 1 penetrates into the designated position. Then, disconnect the adapter 11 from the pin shaft 1, and then move the locking column 8 out of the locking hole 4 to complete the pin insertion action, and move the actuator away. When removing the pin shaft 1, insert the locking column 8 into the locking hole 4 to align the through hole. Extend the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5, connect it to the pin shaft 1 through the adapter 11, and drive the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 to retract, driving the pin shaft 1 to be pulled out from the through hole until the pin shaft 1 is completely removed and enters the support cylinder 6. Then, lift the locking column 8 out of the locking hole 4 to complete the pin removal action, and move the actuator away.

[0038] The usage method of the mechanical plug-and-unplug pin shaft device of the present invention uses a hoisting device to move and support the actuator. The actuator includes a support cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder. The support cylinder and the docking plate are docked through the cooperation of a locking column and a locking hole. A rotary locking connection mechanism is adopted between the actuator and the pin shaft to achieve quick connection and disconnection. It can be applied to all current types of oil drilling rigs and similar drilling and production equipment, and can meet the requirements of quick plugging and unplugging of pins of most specifications in most spaces. With a lightweight design, it improves the labor comfort of personnel and the safety and efficiency of rig disassembly and installation. At present, the domestic rig inventory reaches thousands of units, and the supporting application prospect of this device is very broad.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily achieved. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated and described examples here.

Claims

1. A hydraulically driven mechanical pin insertion and extraction device, characterized in that: Used to pull out and insert the pin shaft set on the drilling rig, including: The docking plate is fixed on the outer side of the drilling rig ear plate where the pin shaft is to be installed. The drilling rig ear plate is provided with a pin hole. A through hole is provided through the middle of the docking plate. The through hole is coaxially arranged with the pin hole and is used to guide the pin shaft passing through. The docking plate is symmetrically provided with lock holes on both sides of the through hole that penetrate the docking plate. The actuator comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a support cylinder which are horizontally arranged in sequence toward the docking plate. The inner side of the support cylinder is used to load the pin shaft along the axial direction. An end ring plate is arranged at one end of the support cylinder which faces the docking plate. A pair of lock columns are arranged on the end ring plate corresponding to a pair of lock holes outwardly. The lock columns are used to penetrate into the lock holes to coaxially dock the support cylinder and the docking plate. The other end of the support cylinder is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be telescoped along the axial direction in the support cylinder. The telescopic rod end of the hydraulic cylinder and the outer end of the pin shaft are detachably connected by setting a rotary lock connection mechanism. The power control system includes a lifting device and a control terminal. The lifting device is used to align the actuator with the lock column and the lock hole to connect the actuator and the docking plate. The control terminal is used to control the connection of the rotary lock connection mechanism and the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder to pull the pin shaft out into the support tube or insert the pin shaft into the corresponding position on the drilling rig.

2. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock hole is arranged as a two-layer structure of an inner hole and an outer hole which are connected in the thickness direction of the docking plate. Both the inner hole and the outer hole are vertically arranged oblong holes, and the lower end width of the outer hole is narrower than the upper end width. The lock column is a T-shaped cylindrical structure arranged outward perpendicular to the end ring plate. The end size of the lock column is smaller than the upper end width of the outer hole and larger than the lower end width of the outer hole. The column body size of the lock column is not larger than the lower end width of the outer hole. The inner hole of the end ring plate is a vertically arranged oblong hole and is not smaller than the size of the through hole. When the lock column falls at the bottom of the lock hole, the upper end of the inner hole of the end ring plate, the inner side of the support tube and the through hole are located in the same axial direction, forming a plug-in and pull-out movement channel for the pin shaft.

3. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock connecting mechanism comprises an adapter located in the support tube and arranged toward the pin shaft, the adapter comprising a first cylindrical block sleeved and connected to the end of the telescopic rod and a second cylindrical block coaxially connected to the outer end of the first cylindrical block, the diameter of the first cylindrical block being larger than the diameter of the second cylindrical block, a boss is provided on a side of the first cylindrical block connected to the second cylindrical block near the end edge, an insert block is provided radially outwardly at the outer end of the second cylindrical block, a T-shaped cylindrical socket is opened inwardly at the axis center of the outer end of the pin shaft, the smaller diameter end of the cylindrical socket is arranged toward the second cylindrical block, and is arranged in coordination with the shape formed by the second cylindrical block and the insert block, the outer end of the pin shaft is also provided with an arc groove on the outer side of the cylindrical socket, the boss is arranged in coordination with the arc groove and can slide circumferentially in the arc groove, and the second cylindrical block is extended into the larger diameter end of the cylindrical socket and rotates, so that the insert block abuts against the inner step surface of the cylindrical socket, thereby realizing the connection between the adapter and the pin shaft.

4. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support tube is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder by bolts. The power control system also includes a rotating motor installed at the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The rotating motor is communicatively connected to the control terminal. The rotating motor is used to drive the adapter to rotate, so as to drive the second cylindrical block to rotate in the cylindrical socket, thereby realizing an axial locking connection between the adapter and the pin shaft.

5. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support cylinder includes a plurality of connecting rings spaced apart along a coaxial direction, and a circle of support rods are circumferentially connected between adjacent connecting rings and between the end ring plate and adjacent connecting rings. The inner diameter of the connecting ring is larger than the outer diameter of the pin shaft, and the connecting ring close to the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder by bolts.

6. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner hole of the end ring plate is a vertically arranged oblong hole and the upper end is axially aligned with the inner holes of all the connecting rings. One of the connecting rings close to the end ring plate is arranged as a docking ring plate, and a circle of support rods between the docking ring plate and the end ring plate is arranged along the shape of the inner hole of the end ring plate.

7. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hanging ear is arranged on the top of the butt-jointed ring plate.

8. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of lifting frames are arranged outside the cylinder body of the hydraulic oil cylinder. The lifting frames include a pair of pull rings sleeved outside the cylinder body of the hydraulic oil cylinder and a gate-shaped rod connected to the top of the pair of pull rings. The lifting end of the lifting equipment is connected to the gate-shaped rod.

9. The hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the end ring plate is provided with a sliding groove vertically through it, and a baffle is connected to the sliding groove along the vertical sliding direction. The upper end of the baffle extends out of the sliding groove and is horizontally connected to an arc plate toward the docking plate. The arc plate limits the top of the baffle, and the bottom of the arc plate is cooperated with the top of the docking plate. The dimension of the arc plate exceeding the end ring plate in the direction toward the docking plate is slightly larger than the axial length of the lock column and not larger than the thickness of the docking plate. The bottom of the baffle has an upwardly concave arc groove, and the maximum distance from the center of the arc groove to the bottom of the sliding groove is equal to the distance between the center of the upper and lower ends of the lock column.

10. The method for using the hydraulically driven mechanical plug-in and pull-out pin device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, setting the cylindrical socket at the end axis of the pin shaft, setting the adapter at the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, connecting the support tube and the hydraulic cylinder by bolts, so that the adapter is located on the inner side of the support tube, and using the lifting equipment to move the support tube and the hydraulic cylinder at the same time; S2, welding the docking plate on the outside of the ear plate to align the via hole with the pin hole; S3, when inserting the pin shaft, install the pin shaft into the support tube, connect the pin shaft with the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the adapter, lift the actuator, make the lock column enter the bottom of the lock hole, realize the axial alignment between the support tube and the through hole, extend the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the control terminal, drive the pin shaft to translate, enter the through hole, until the pin shaft penetrates the specified position, then disengage the adapter from the pin shaft, and then move the lock column out of the lock hole, complete the plugging action, and remove the actuator; When removing the pin shaft, the lock column is inserted into the lock hole and aligned with the through hole. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is extended and connected to the pin shaft through the adapter. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is driven to retract, and the pin shaft is pulled out from the through hole until the pin shaft is completely taken out and enters the support tube. The lock column is lifted out of the lock hole to complete the pin pulling action and remove the actuator.

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