Combined surface wave suppression method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration data processing methods, and particularly discloses a combined surface wave suppression method and device, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the three-dimensional seismic shot data of an exploration area; selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to carry out a surface wave noise suppression comparison test on the surface waves of the shot data; and determining an optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on comparison of results of the comparison test. According to the combined surface wave suppression method provided by the invention, the surface wave noise suppression comparison test is performed on the surface wave of the shot data by selecting different surface wave suppression schemes, and the optimal surface wave suppression scheme is determined based on comparison of comparison test results, so that the problem that the surface wave cannot be suppressed when the form of the surface wave is often relatively complex is solved. And a single surface wave suppression means is difficult to completely eliminate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of seismic exploration data processing methods, and particularly relates to a combined surface wave suppression method and device. Background Art

[0002] Surface waves are one of the main factors affecting the quality of seismic data, and suppressing surface wave interference is one of the important steps in seismic data processing. The morphology and energy of surface waves vary with different surface excitation conditions, so the surface wave morphology is also different in different regions. Among them, the surface in the East China region is relatively flat, so the surface wave shows a single morphology and stable velocity. This type of surface wave can often be eliminated from the effective signal by using one surface wave suppression method; however, in the mountainous areas or desert areas in the northwest, the surface wave morphology is often more complex, and it is difficult to completely eliminate it by using a single surface wave suppression means. At this time, a combined surface wave suppression method is needed.

[0003] Currently, there are mainly three commonly used surface wave suppression methods: a spectral editing method based on the frequency components of surface waves, a coherent noise suppression method based on the velocity and frequency components of surface waves, and a surface wave reconstruction method for inverting the surface velocity. The first method can well suppress the surface wave type with a single morphology and single frequency components. The second method mainly aims at the surface wave type with well-developed linear surface waves in the case of an irregular observation system. The third method aims at the case where the scattered surface wave noise other than the linear surface wave is well-developed.

[0004] Based on this technical background, the present invention studies a combined surface wave suppression method and device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a combined surface wave suppression method and device. The method conducts a surface wave noise suppression comparison test on the surface waves of shot data by selecting different surface wave suppression schemes, and determines the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison test, solving the problem that it is difficult to completely eliminate the surface waves by using a single surface wave suppression means when the surface wave morphology is often more complex.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a combined surface wave suppression method, including:

[0007] Collecting 3D seismic shot data of a survey area;

[0008] Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct a surface wave noise suppression comparison test on the surface waves of the shot data;

[0009] Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison test.

[0010] The second aspect of the present invention provides a combined surface wave suppression device, including:

[0011] An acquisition module for acquiring 3D seismic shot data of a prospecting area;

[0012] An experimental comparison module for selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data;

[0013] A scheme determination module for determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests.

[0014] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0015] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0016] A processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the combined surface wave suppression method described in the first aspect.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the combined surface wave suppression method described in the first aspect.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0019] (1) The combined surface wave suppression method proposed by the present invention conducts surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of shot data by selecting different surface wave suppression schemes, and determines the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests, solving the problem that it is difficult to completely eliminate surface waves using a single surface wave suppression method when the morphology of surface waves is often complex.

[0020] (2) The combined surface wave suppression method proposed by the present invention selects different surface wave suppression methods, the number of surface wave suppression methods, or the order of surface wave suppression methods based on the 3D seismic shot data of the prospecting area, ensuring the effect of surface wave suppression and having strong practicability.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the combined surface wave suppression method proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2Schematic flow chart of a specific implementation of the combined surface wave suppression method proposed by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram for comparing the effects of different surface wave suppression schemes in a specific implementation of the combined surface wave suppression method proposed by the present invention. Specific implementation

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0027] The present invention provides a combined surface wave suppression method, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0028] Collect three-dimensional seismic shot data in the exploration area;

[0029] Select different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data;

[0030] Determine the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests.

[0031] In the present invention, by selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data and determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests, the problem that it is difficult to completely eliminate the surface waves when their morphology is often complex by using a single surface wave suppression means is solved.

[0032] According to the present invention, the surface wave suppression schemes included different surface wave suppression methods, or different numbers of surface wave suppression methods included, or different orders of the surface wave suppression methods included.

[0033] According to the present invention, the surface wave suppression method includes a first method, a second method, and a third method;

[0034] The first method is a spectral editing method based on the frequency components of surface waves;

[0035] The second method is a coherent noise suppression method based on the velocity and frequency components of surface waves;

[0036] The third method is a surface wave reconstruction method for inverting the surface velocity.

[0037] According to the present invention, the first method is used to suppress the noise of surface wave types with a single morphology and single frequency components;

[0038] The second method is used to suppress the noise of surface wave types with well-developed linear surface waves in the case of an irregular observation system;

[0039] The third method is used to suppress the noise of surface waves with relatively developed scattered surface waves other than linear surface waves.

[0040] According to the present invention, the comparison test of surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data by selecting different surface wave suppression schemes includes:

[0041] Select different surface wave suppression schemes based on the surface wave types of shot data;

[0042] Use different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct a comparison test of surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data.

[0043] Preferably, the surface wave types include at least one of single frequency component, relatively developed linear surface waves, and relatively developed scattered surface waves.

[0044] Preferably, determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison test includes:

[0045] Determine the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the amplitude preservation of the results of the comparison test and / or the degree of leakage of effective signals.

[0046] In the present invention, selecting different surface wave suppression methods, the number of surface wave suppression methods, or the order of surface wave suppression methods based on the three-dimensional seismic shot data of the exploration area ensures the effect of surface wave suppression and has strong practicability.

[0047] The present invention will be described in more detail below through embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a combined surface wave suppression method, and the specific technical principle is as follows:

[0050] The principle of the combined surface wave suppression technology lies in, most importantly, conducting tests and comparisons between different methods according to the characteristics of the work area, and screening out the optimal combined surface wave suppression scheme from them. This operation is generally only needed in areas with relatively complex surface waves. In work areas with relatively simple surface waves, a single method can achieve relatively good results; the work area tested in this embodiment is in the desert area of northern Shaanxi, China, where the surface wave energy is strong and the scattering characteristics are obvious, and the technical implementation steps are all carried out in the shot domain; therefore, this embodiment will first use a single method to suppress the surface waves, and then combine them in pairs according to the effect and conduct comparisons. If necessary, finally, the three methods will be combined in series.

[0051] In this embodiment, surface wave noise suppression is performed on the single-shot data collected in the field of a certain exploration area in the desert area of northern Shaanxi, China. The surface wave noise velocity in this exploration area changes from about 800 to 2000, and the surface wave energy is relatively strong. At the same time, linear surface waves and scattered surface waves are developed. Figure 3 It is the seismic record of the noise model before and after surface wave noise suppression. From left to right, they are before suppression, Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, series method 1 + method 3, series method 2 + method 3. It can be seen that the amplitude preservation of Method 1 is relatively poor in this area, and there is leakage of effective signals. There is also a certain amount of effective signal leakage in Method 2 and Method 3. The result obtained by the series method of Method 1 and Method 3 is still not ideal, which verifies that the application effect of Method 1 in this area is relatively poor and does not conform well to the surface wave type in this area. Finally, the result obtained by the series method of Method 2 and Method 3 is the most ideal. As the combined surface wave suppression method for this area, it proves the effectiveness of the method of the present invention.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] This embodiment provides a combined surface wave suppression method, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0054] Collect three-dimensional seismic shot data of the exploration area;

[0055] Select different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data;

[0056] Based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests, determine the optimal surface wave suppression scheme;

[0057] The surface wave suppression methods included in different surface wave suppression schemes are different, or the number of surface wave suppression methods included is different, or the order of the surface wave suppression methods included is different;

[0058] The surface wave suppression methods include a first method, a second method, and a third method;

[0059] The first method is a spectral editing method based on the frequency components of surface waves;

[0060] The second method is a coherent noise suppression method based on the surface wave velocity and frequency components;

[0061] The third method is a surface wave reconstruction method for surface velocity inversion;

[0062] The first method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with a single form and single frequency components;

[0063] The second method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with relatively developed linear surface waves under the condition of an irregular observation system;

[0064] The third method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with relatively developed scattered surface waves other than linear surface waves;

[0065] Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct comparative tests on surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data includes:

[0066] Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes based on the surface wave types of shot data;

[0067] Using different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct comparative tests on surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data;

[0068] The surface wave types include at least one of single frequency component, relatively developed linear surface waves, and relatively developed scattered surface waves;

[0069] Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparative tests includes:

[0070] Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the amplitude preservation of the results of the comparative tests and / or the degree of leakage of effective signals.

[0071] Embodiment 3:

[0072] This embodiment provides a combined surface wave suppression device, including:

[0073] An acquisition module for acquiring 3D seismic shot data of a prospecting area;

[0074] An experimental comparison module for selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct comparative tests on surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data;

[0075] A scheme determination module for determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparative tests;

[0076] The surface wave suppression methods included in different surface wave suppression schemes are different, or the number of surface wave suppression methods included is different, or the order of the surface wave suppression methods included is different;

[0077] The surface wave suppression methods include the first method, the second method, and the third method;

[0078] The first method is a spectral editing method based on the frequency components of surface waves;

[0079] The second method is a coherent noise suppression method based on the velocity and frequency components of surface waves;

[0080] The third method is a surface wave reconstruction method for surface velocity inversion;

[0081] The first method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with single morphology and single frequency component;

[0082] The second method is used to suppress noise for the surface wave type with relatively developed linear surface waves when the observation system is irregular;

[0083] The third method is used to suppress noise for the surface wave type with relatively developed scattered surface waves other than linear surface waves;

[0084] Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct a comparative test on surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data includes:

[0085] Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes based on the surface wave type of shot data;

[0086] Using different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct a comparative test on surface wave noise suppression for the surface waves of shot data;

[0087] The surface wave type includes at least one of single frequency component, relatively developed linear surface waves, and relatively developed scattered surface waves;

[0088] Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparative test includes:

[0089] Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the amplitude preservation of the results of the comparative test and / or the degree of leakage of effective signals.

[0090] Embodiment 4:

[0091] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor,

[0092] The memory stores executable instructions;

[0093] The processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the combined surface wave suppression method.

[0094] This memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, and the computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0095] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In an embodiment of the present invention, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0096] Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience effect, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0097] For a detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0098] Embodiment Five:

[0099] The embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a combined surface wave suppression method is implemented.

[0100] According to the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention, non-temporary computer-readable instructions are stored thereon. When the non-temporary computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are executed.

[0101] The above computer-readable storage medium includes but is not limited to: optical storage media (such as CD-ROMs and DVDs), magneto-optical storage media (such as MOs), magnetic storage media (such as magnetic tapes or external hard drives), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memories (such as memory cards), and media with built-in ROMs (such as ROM cartridges).

[0102] The combined surface wave suppression method proposed in the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that it is difficult to completely eliminate surface waves by using a single surface wave suppression means when the morphology of surface waves is often complex, by conducting a surface wave noise suppression comparison test on the surface waves of shot data by selecting different surface wave suppression schemes, and determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison test.

[0103] The foregoing embodiments of the present invention have been described. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A combined surface wave suppression method, characterized in that, it includes: Collecting 3D seismic shot data of the exploration area; Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data; Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface wave suppression methods included in different surface wave suppression schemes are different, or the number of surface wave suppression methods included is different, or the order of the surface wave suppression methods included is different.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface wave suppression method includes a first method, a second method and a third method; The first method is a spectral editing method based on the frequency components of surface waves; The second method is a coherent noise suppression method based on the surface wave velocity and frequency components; The third method is a surface wave reconstruction method for inverting the surface velocity.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with a single form and single frequency components; The second method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with well-developed linear surface waves under the condition of an irregular observation system; The third method is used to suppress noise for surface wave types with well-developed scattered surface waves other than linear surface waves.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data includes: Selecting different surface wave suppression schemes based on the surface wave types of the shot data; Using different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface wave types include at least one of single frequency components, well-developed linear surface waves, and well-developed scattered surface waves.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests includes: Determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the amplitude preservation of the results of the comparison tests and / or the degree of leakage of effective signals.

8. A combined surface wave suppression device, characterized in that, it includes: A collection module for collecting 3D seismic shot data of the exploration area; An experimental comparison module for selecting different surface wave suppression schemes to conduct surface wave noise suppression comparison tests on the surface waves of the shot data; A scheme determination module for determining the optimal surface wave suppression scheme based on the comparison of the results of the comparison tests.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor, the processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the combined surface wave suppression method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the combined surface wave suppression method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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