Hybrid energy scheduling method and system considering day-quarter hydrogen storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid energy scheduling method and system considering day-quarter hydrogen storage, and relates to the technical field of hybrid energy scheduling, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an electricity-hydrogen hybrid energy system model; when a deviation exists between the output power of the renewable energy system and the maximum output predicted value, optimization scheduling is carried out on storage and release of electricity-hydrogen energy; comprising the following steps: taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, a hydrogen-electricity load value and a hydrogen-electricity price as input, taking maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as a target function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraint, hydrogen storage capacity constraint of a daily hydrogen storage tank and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen-electricity conversion constraint and hydrogen-electricity load constraint as constraint conditions; and optimizing the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the electric energy storage amount of the electric energy storage system and the hydrogen supply amount and the power supply amount of the load side. And daily-quarterly hydrogen storage is considered, and electricity-hydrogen energy supply of an off-grid region is realized through efficient integration of renewable energy and a hybrid energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hybrid energy scheduling, and particularly to a hybrid energy scheduling method and system considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage. Background Art

[0002] Due to the intermittency and uncertainty of renewable energy, the widespread application of these energies faces great challenges, especially in off-grid areas. Traditional energy storage technologies (such as electrochemical energy storage) cannot completely solve the energy supply-demand balance problem in such areas, and although traditional energy storage technologies can provide short-term power regulation, it is still difficult to meet seasonal or long-term energy demand fluctuations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to solve problems such as the utilization efficiency of renewable energy in off-grid areas, the continuous supply of energy, and the efficient storage and utilization of energy through innovative energy storage and scheduling technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a hybrid energy scheduling method and system considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage. By efficiently integrating renewable energy and a hybrid energy storage system, it can adjust the storage and release of energy in different seasons and time periods, and realize the electricity-hydrogen energy supply in off-grid areas.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a hybrid energy scheduling method considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage, including: Constructing an electricity-hydrogen hybrid energy system model including a renewable energy system, an electrical energy storage system, a daily hydrogen storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank; When there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the predicted maximum output value, optimizing the scheduling of the storage and release of electricity-hydrogen energy; Including: taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, the hydrogen-electricity load value, and the hydrogen-electricity price as inputs, taking the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage amount constraints of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen-electricity conversion constraints, and hydrogen-electricity load constraints as constraint conditions, and optimizing the hydrogen storage amounts of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the electrical energy storage amount of the electrical energy storage system, and the hydrogen supply amount and power supply amount on the load side, so as to adjust the storage and release of electricity-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

[0005] As an alternative embodiment, the objective function is: ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, represents the four seasons; represents the 24 time periods within a day; , , , , respectively represent the electricity sales profit to the charging station, the hydrogen sales profit to the hydrogen refueling station, the electricity sales profit to residential and industrial users, the hydrogen sales profit to the natural gas pipeline operator, and the average annual standardized construction cost of the hybrid energy system; is the charging station load value; is the hydrogen refueling station load value; and are the electricity sales price and the hydrogen sales price respectively; is the number of days in a quarter; and are the residential load and the industrial load respectively; is the hydrogen energy consumed by the natural gas pipeline; is the planning period; is the annual discount rate of the hybrid energy system; and respectively represent the installed capacity of the th type of generator and the th type of equipment in the hybrid energy system; and respectively represent the unit investment cost of the th type of generator and the th type of equipment; is the land area occupied by the hybrid energy system; is the unit land cost.

[0006] As an alternative implementation method, the power balance constraint is: ; ; ; ; Among them, represents the four seasons; represents the 24 time periods within a day; is the power generation of the hybrid energy system; , , are the power generations of the photovoltaic unit, the hydroelectric unit, and the fuel cell stack respectively; and They are the differences between the photovoltaic unit and the preset rated power generation, and between the hydroelectric unit and the preset rated power generation, respectively; It is the output of the electrical energy storage system. When it is positive, it means discharging, and when it is negative, it means charging; It is the total power consumption of the hybrid energy system; It is the power consumption of the electrolyzer; It is the load value of the charging station; and They are the residential load and the industrial load, respectively; The hydrogen energy balance constraint is: ; ; ; In the formula, It is the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer; It is the electricity-hydrogen conversion coefficient; It is the rated power of the electrolyzer; and They are respectively the hydrogen storage amounts of the daily hydrogen storage tank at time and time in season s; It is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell; and They are respectively the hydrogen released and the hydrogen stored in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; It is the hydrogen energy consumed by the hydrogen refueling station at time in season s; It is the hydrogen energy consumed by the natural gas pipeline at time in season s.

[0007] As an alternative implementation, the constraint of the daily hydrogen storage tank is that the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank is less than or equal to the rated hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the end of a day is equal to the initial hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank; The constraint of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank is: ; ; ; ; In the formula, represents the four seasons; represents the 24 time periods within a day; and They are respectively the hydrogen released and the hydrogen stored in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; It is the rated hydrogen storage amount of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; and They are respectively the hydrogen release state and the hydrogen storage state of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; is the hydrogen storage efficiency of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; is the number of days; and are respectively the hydrogen storage amounts of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank on the th day and the th day.

[0008] As an alternative implementation, the hydrogen - electricity conversion constraint includes the fuel cell constraint, specifically: the power generation of the fuel cell stack meets the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell, and the power generation of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the rated power of the fuel cell; The hydrogen - electricity load constraint includes the hydrogen refueling station constraint and the charging station constraint; The hydrogen refueling station constraint is: the hydrogen amount required by the hydrogen refueling station meets the hydrogen refueling amount of all hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the previous moment is greater than or equal to the hydrogen amount required by the hydrogen refueling station; The charging station constraint is: the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank meets the total electrical energy demands of the electric vehicle charging station, residential load, and industrial load, and the electricity amount required by the charging station meets the charging demands of all electric vehicles.

[0009] As an alternative implementation, the regulation process for the storage and release of the electricity - hydrogen energy includes: Compare the output power of the renewable energy system with the maximum output prediction value; when the output power is greater than the maximum output prediction value, store the excess electrical energy in the electrical energy storage system; when the output power is less than the maximum output prediction value, the electrical energy storage system discharges to supplement the electrical energy demand; When the output power meets the maximum output prediction value, compare the output power with the power demand load; when the output power is greater than the power demand load, after supplying the power load, convert the excess electrical energy into hydrogen through the electrolytic hydrogen production system; when the output power is less than the power demand load, supplement the electrical energy deficit through the hydrogen - to - electricity system and supply the power load; Compare the hydrogen production amount with the hydrogen demand load; when the hydrogen production amount is not greater than the hydrogen demand load, obtain hydrogen from the seasonal hydrogen storage tank and supply the hydrogen energy load; when the hydrogen production amount is greater than the hydrogen demand load, after supplying the hydrogen energy load, store the excess hydrogen in the daily hydrogen storage tank; Compare the current hydrogen selling price with the hydrogen selling price in the same period of the previous year. If the current hydrogen selling price is less than the hydrogen selling price in the same period of the previous year, store the excess hydrogen in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, otherwise inject the hydrogen into the natural gas pipeline for sale.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hybrid energy scheduling system considering daily - quarterly hydrogen storage, including: A model construction module configured to construct an electricity - hydrogen hybrid energy system model including a renewable energy system, an electrical energy storage system, a daily energy storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank; An optimization scheduling module, configured to optimize the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy when there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the predicted value of the maximum output including: taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, the hydrogen-electric load value, and the hydrogen-electric price as inputs, taking the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage capacity constraints of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen-electric conversion constraints, and hydrogen-electric load constraints as constraints, optimizing the hydrogen storage volume of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the electric energy storage volume of the electric energy storage system, and the hydrogen supply and power supply on the load side, so as to adjust the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

[0011] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor. When the computer instructions are run by the processor, the method described in the first aspect is completed.

[0012] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method described in the first aspect is completed.

[0013] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention proposes an electric-hydrogen integrated energy system that only relies on renewable energy such as solar photovoltaics and hydropower, and can complete the energy supply to off-grid areas without connecting to the external power grid. By equipping a hybrid energy storage system, the output volatility and failure probability of renewable energy are effectively suppressed. At the same time, seasonal hydrogen storage realizes the cross-seasonal use and storage of renewable energy, effectively making up for the supply-demand imbalance problem caused by the intermittency and seasonal changes of renewable energy, and improving the reliability, economy, and utilization efficiency of energy supply. It has good economy and sustainability, can effectively utilize renewable energy, reduce the dependence on traditional energy while improving the system reliability. In this way, not only can the energy supply of off-grid areas be guaranteed, but also the development of the green hydrogen industry can be promoted, and the transformation of the energy structure can be driven.

[0015] The present invention provides a hybrid energy scheduling method and system considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage. By efficiently integrating a renewable energy system with a hybrid energy storage system including an electrical energy storage, a hydrogen storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank, it can adjust the energy storage and release in different seasons and time periods to cope with the volatility of renewable energy and achieve reliable supply of electricity and hydrogen in off-grid areas. The renewable energy system is set to operate at the rated power. When there is a deviation between its output power and the predicted maximum output value, it is adjusted by the hybrid energy storage system. When the renewable energy system generates excess energy, this part of the energy is injected into the hybrid energy storage system. Conversely, when the output is insufficient, the hybrid energy storage system releases electrical energy to compensate for the power gap, thereby maintaining the stable output power of the power generation unit.

[0016] The present invention introduces a Power-to-Hydrogen (P2H) system as a backup resource to simultaneously meet the energy demand for hydrogen. In the P2H system, electrical energy is converted into hydrogen through an electrolyzer and stored in a daily hydrogen storage tank. So that during peak demand periods or when power generation is insufficient, through the Hydrogen-to-Power (H2P) system, the stored hydrogen is reversed into electrical energy through a fuel cell for power grid supply to make up for the power gap and ensure the continuous supply of electricity and hydrogen. In addition, hydrogen can also be transported as a commodity to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles or injected into natural gas pipelines to improve fuel quality and reduce emissions. At the same time, seasonal hydrogen storage tanks are integrated in areas with concentrated hydrogen demand. The seasonal hydrogen storage tanks can store hydrogen according to seasonal electrical energy surpluses and release hydrogen during future demand peaks, enhancing the flexibility and adjustability of the system.

[0017] The present invention integrates a hydrogen energy storage system, which not only has good economic efficiency but can also be used as a highly reliable backup power source when the system faces risks such as emergencies, power outages, or power shortages. In this case, the hydrogen in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank can be reconverted into electrical energy through a fuel cell, enhancing the flexibility and resilience of the system. Therefore, seasonal hydrogen energy storage expands the application boundary of renewable energy while improving the overall profit and operating flexibility of the system.

[0018] The present invention is connected to an Energy Management System (EMS) to coordinate the operation of photovoltaic, hydropower, and energy storage systems, optimize the working states of electrolyzers and fuel cells, and ensure the balance between energy supply and demand. On the power generation side, the EMS extracts the maximum available power of solar and hydropower resources as much as possible; during the power-to-hydrogen stage, it optimizes the operation strategies of electrolyzers and fuel cells; in the energy storage link, it dynamically plans the hydrogen storage levels of daily hydrogen storage tanks and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks at hourly, daily, and seasonal scales; on the demand side, it optimizes the electricity sales volume of power users and the gas supply strategies of hydrogen consumers. Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 Flowchart of the hybrid energy scheduling method considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage provided for Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 Frame diagram of the off-grid hybrid energy system provided for Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Specific Embodiments

[0021] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0024] In the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides a hybrid energy scheduling method considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage, which realizes the electricity-hydrogen energy supply in off-grid areas through the efficient integration of renewable energy and hybrid energy storage systems.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, it includes: Build an electro-hydrogen hybrid energy system model including a renewable energy system, an electrical energy storage system, a daily hydrogen storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank; When there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the predicted maximum output value, optimize the scheduling of the storage and release of electro-hydrogen energy.

[0027] Among them, the optimization scheduling process includes: Taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, the hydrogen-electric load value, and the hydrogen-electric price as inputs, taking the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage capacity constraints of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen-electric conversion constraints, and hydrogen-electric load constraints as constraint conditions, optimize the hydrogen storage of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the electrical energy storage of the electrical energy storage system, and the hydrogen supply and power supply on the load side to adjust the storage and release of electro-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

[0028] Such as Figure 2 shown is the off-grid hybrid energy system proposed in this embodiment. Specifically: All the energy required by the system comes from renewable energy power generation such as photovoltaic power generation and hydraulic generators, and is not connected to the external power grid. The load side includes an electrical load and a hydrogen energy load. The electrical load includes industrial user loads, residential user loads, and the charging load of electric vehicles (EVs). The hydrogen energy load includes the hydrogen consumption load of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) and natural gas pipelines. The system needs to simultaneously meet the electricity demand and hydrogen demand of users at all times throughout the year.

[0029] To cope with the intermittency and uncertainty of solar energy and hydropower, integrate a hybrid energy storage system including an electrical energy storage, a hydrogen storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank. This hybrid energy storage system is not used as a traditional energy storage system, but is specifically used to smooth the volatility of the output of renewable energy.

[0030] Specifically, the renewable energy system is set to operate at the rated power. When its output power deviates from the predicted maximum output value, it is adjusted by the hybrid energy storage system; when the renewable energy system generates excess energy, this part of the energy is injected into the hybrid energy storage system; conversely, when the output is insufficient, the hybrid energy storage system will release electrical energy to compensate for the power gap, so as to maintain the stable output power of the power generation unit.

[0031] Specifically: On the basis of meeting the electrical load, the electrical energy generated by the renewable energy is stored in the electrical energy storage system.

[0032] An electrolytic hydrogen production system is introduced as a backup resource to simultaneously meet the energy demand for hydrogen. In the electrolytic hydrogen production system, electrical energy is converted into hydrogen through an electrolyzer and stored in a hydrogen storage tank (here it is a daily hydrogen storage tank); when power generation is insufficient, through the hydrogen-to-electricity system, the stored hydrogen is reversed into electrical energy through a fuel cell for power grid supply to make up for the power gap. In addition, hydrogen can also be transported as a commodity to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles or injected into natural gas pipelines to improve fuel quality and reduce emissions.

[0033] In areas with concentrated hydrogen demand, seasonal hydrogen storage tanks are also integrated. Through the seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, the surplus electrical energy in each season can be converted into hydrogen and stored for peak shaving use in future seasons.

[0034] The above hydrogen energy storage system not only has good economy, but can also be used as a highly reliable backup power source when the system faces risks such as sudden accidents, power outages or power shortages. In this case, the hydrogen in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank can be reconverted into electrical energy through a fuel cell, enhancing the flexibility and resilience of the system. Therefore, seasonal hydrogen energy storage expands the application boundary of renewable energy while increasing the overall profit and operational flexibility of the system.

[0035] In this embodiment, the off-grid hybrid energy system is also equipped with an energy management system responsible for coordinating the operation of various resources to maximize the overall benefit. Its goal is to maximize the comprehensive profit of the system while meeting the electricity and hydrogen load demands. On the power generation side, the EMS extracts the maximum available power of solar and hydropower resources as much as possible; in the power-to-hydrogen stage, it optimizes the operation strategies of the electrolyzer and fuel cell; in the energy storage link, it dynamically plans the hydrogen storage levels of the daily hydrogen storage tank and seasonal hydrogen storage tank at hourly, daily and seasonal scales; on the demand side, it optimizes the electricity sales volume of power users and the gas supply strategy for hydrogen consumers; at the same time, it also supports hydrogen trading with natural gas pipeline operators, and hydrogen can be directly injected into the pipeline for sales.

[0036] The operation process of the off-grid hybrid energy system includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the installed capacity, hydrogen-electricity load value and hydrogen-electricity price of the hybrid energy system; Among them, the hydrogen-electricity load value includes: residential load value, industrial load value, charging station load value, hydrogen refueling station load value and hydrogen energy consumed by the natural gas pipeline; The hydrogen-electricity price includes the electricity selling price and the hydrogen selling price.

[0037] S2: Obtain the predicted maximum output value of the renewable energy system; Among them, the predicted maximum output value refers to the output size of the renewable energy system in each time period, and this value is the maximum value of the output at each moment predicted by the energy management system through algorithm combinations such as machine learning and maximum power tracking point technology in its internal system; It is understandable that the specific prediction process can adopt conventional technical means and will not be elaborated here.

[0038] S3: Compare the output power of the renewable energy system (i.e., representing the power generation) with the predicted maximum output; When the power generation is greater than the predicted maximum output, store the excess electric energy in the electric energy storage system; When the power generation is less than the predicted maximum output, the electric energy storage system discharges to supplement the electric energy demand.

[0039] S4: When the power generation exactly meets the predicted maximum output, compare the power generation with the power demand load; When the power generation is greater than the power demand load, after supplying the power load, operate the P2H system to convert the excess electric energy into hydrogen; When the power generation is less than the power demand load, operate the H2P system to supplement the power shortage and supply the power load.

[0040] S5: Compare the hydrogen production amount with the hydrogen demand load; When the hydrogen production amount is not greater than the hydrogen demand load, obtain hydrogen from the seasonal hydrogen storage tank and supply the hydrogen energy load; When the hydrogen production amount is greater than the hydrogen demand load, after supplying the hydrogen energy load, store the excess hydrogen in the daily hydrogen storage tank; Then compare the current hydrogen selling price with the hydrogen selling price in the same period of the previous year. If the current hydrogen selling price is less than the hydrogen selling price in the same period of the previous year, store the excess hydrogen in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, otherwise inject the hydrogen into the natural gas pipeline for sale.

[0041] Thus, the operation logic of the off-grid hybrid energy system is summarized as: Utilize the hybrid energy storage system to regulate the power fluctuation of renewable energy to achieve the balance between supply and demand.

[0042] When the power generation of the renewable energy system exceeds the power load demand, the redundant electric energy is preferentially stored in the electric energy storage system; when the electric energy storage system is full, the redundant electric energy is converted into hydrogen by the electrolyzer system for storage; if the power generation is insufficient and does not meet the power load demand, the stored hydrogen is released through the hydrogen-to-electricity system to make up the power gap. In the hydrogen energy management part, hydrogen is preferentially stored in the daily hydrogen storage tank to meet the immediate demand; if the current hydrogen price is less than the hydrogen selling price in the same period of the previous year, the excess hydrogen will be stored in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, otherwise the hydrogen is injected into the natural gas pipeline for sale to further improve the economic benefits of the system.

[0043] In this embodiment, when there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the maximum output prediction value, the storage and release of the electricity-hydrogen energy are optimized and scheduled, that is, the electric energy is released to the power load users or stored, and the hydrogen energy is released to the hydrogen energy load users or stored to ensure that the system is in a stable operation state.

[0044] Therefore, in order to achieve the optimized scheduling of the storage and release of the electricity-hydrogen energy, this embodiment takes the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and takes the power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage capacity constraints of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen-electricity conversion constraints and the hydrogen-electricity load constraints as the constraint conditions, and obtains the installed capacity, residential load value, industrial load value, charging station load value, hydrogen refueling station load value, hydrogen energy consumed by the natural gas pipeline, electricity selling price and hydrogen selling price of the real-time hybrid energy system. By solving the objective function, the hydrogen storage amounts of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the electric energy storage amount of the electric energy storage system, and the hydrogen supply amount and power supply amount on the load side are optimized to adjust the storage and release of the electricity-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

[0045] Specifically: Construct an objective function with the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the goal; specifically, use renewable energy to generate electricity and hydrogen, and sell the electric energy and hydrogen to consumers such as power load users (industrial users, residential users and electric vehicle charging stations) and hydrogen energy load users (HFCV hydrogen refueling stations and natural gas pipeline operators) to obtain profits, and further subtract the annual average standardized construction cost of the hybrid energy system to obtain the comprehensive profit. Among them, the profits of different consumers are calculated by season, and the annual profit is obtained by accumulating the profits of each season. The total profit is obtained by adding the annual profits of different consumers, and the duration of each season is set to 90 days.

[0046] Objective function Specifically: (1); (2); (3); (4); (5); (6); Among them, represents four seasons; represents 24 time periods within a day; , , , , respectively represent the electricity sales profit to the charging station, the hydrogen sales profit to the hydrogen refueling station, the electricity sales profit to residential and industrial users, the hydrogen sales profit to the natural gas pipeline operator, and the average annual standardized construction cost of the hybrid energy system; is the load value of the charging station (i.e., the consumed electric energy); is the load value of the hydrogen refueling station (i.e., the consumed hydrogen energy); and are the electricity sales price and the hydrogen sales price respectively, where the electricity sales price varies with seasons and time periods, and the hydrogen sales price only varies with seasons; is the number of days in a quarter; and are the residential load and the industrial load respectively; is the hydrogen energy consumed by the natural gas pipeline; is the planning period; is the annual discount rate of the hybrid energy system; and are respectively the installed capacities of the th type of generator and the th type of equipment in the hybrid energy system. The generators include solar units and hydroelectric units, and the equipment includes an electrical energy storage system, a fuel cell, an electrolyzer, a daily hydrogen storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank; and are respectively the unit investment costs of the th type of generator and the th type of equipment; is the land area occupied by the hybrid energy system; is the unit land cost.

[0047] The constraint conditions include: (1) Power balance constraint.

[0048] The photovoltaic unit, the hydroelectric unit, and the fuel cell stack jointly generate electricity to meet the system's electricity demand. Among them, the photovoltaic unit and the hydroelectric unit need to generate electricity according to the set rated power. When there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the maximum output prediction value, this deviation is balanced by the electrical energy storage system through charging / discharging. The electricity consumers include the electrolyzer, residential and industrial users, and EV charging stations. The total power generation of the hybrid energy system must always be equal to the total power consumption of the hybrid energy system. Then the power balance constraint includes: (7); (8); (9); (10); In the formula, is the power generation of the hybrid energy system; , , are the power generation amounts of the photovoltaic unit, the hydroelectric unit, and the fuel cell stack respectively; and are the differences between the photovoltaic unit and the preset rated power generation amount, and the difference between the hydroelectric unit and the preset rated power generation amount respectively; is the output of the electrical energy storage system. When the value is positive, it means the electrical energy storage discharges, and vice versa for charging; is the total power consumption of the hybrid energy system; is the power consumption of the electrolyzer.

[0049] (2) Hydrogen energy balance constraint.

[0050] In the hybrid energy system, all hydrogen is obtained by electrolyzing water in the electrolyzer. The power of the electrolyzer during production needs to be less than its rated power. Hydrogen is preferentially stored in the daily hydrogen storage tank. The hydrogen in the daily hydrogen storage tank can be used for power generation in the fuel cell stack, hydrogen refueling at the HFCV hydrogen refueling station, injecting into the natural gas pipeline, and storing in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank.

[0051] (11); (12); (13); In the formula, is the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer at time in season s; is the electricity-to-hydrogen conversion coefficient; is the rated power of the electrolyzer; and are the hydrogen storage amounts of the daily hydrogen storage tank at time and time in season s respectively; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time in season s; and are the hydrogen release amount and the hydrogen storage amount released from the seasonal hydrogen storage tank respectively; is the hydrogen energy consumption of the hydrogen refueling station at time in season s; is the hydrogen energy consumption of the natural gas pipeline at time in season s.

[0052] (3) Daily hydrogen storage tank constraint.

[0053] The hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank is less than or equal to the rated hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the end of a day is equal to the initial hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank.

[0054] (14); (15); Wherein, is the rated hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank; and are respectively the initial hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the end of a day (i.e., the 24th hour).

[0055] (4) Fuel cell constraint.

[0056] The hydrogen used by the fuel cell stack is provided by the daily hydrogen storage tank; the power generation of the fuel cell stack meets the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell, and the power generation of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the rated power of the fuel cell.

[0057] (16); (17); Wherein, is the power generation of the fuel cell stack at time in season s; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time in season s; is the hydrogen-electric conversion coefficient; is the rated power of the fuel cell.

[0058] (5) Hydrogen refueling station constraint.

[0059] The hydrogen provided to the hydrogen refueling station needs to meet the hydrogen refueling amount of all HFCVs, and at the same time, the hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the previous moment is greater than or equal to the hydrogen amount required by the hydrogen refueling station.

[0060] (18); (19); Wherein, represents the serial number of the HFCV; represents the rated hydrogen storage capacity of the HFCV; The remaining hydrogen amount when the th HFCV arrives at the hydrogen refueling station.

[0061] (6) Charging station constraint.

[0062] To prevent the output from being 0 due to the failure of renewable energy and thus unable to supply electric energy, it is required that the hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank meets the total electric energy demand of the electric vehicle charging station, residential load and industrial load, and the electricity required by the charging station meets the charging demand of all electric vehicles.

[0063] (20); (21); Wherein, is the system resilience coefficient; represents the serial number of the HFCV; represents the rated capacity of the EV; The remaining power of the

[0064] (7) Seasonal hydrogen storage tank constraint.

[0065] To make full use of the seasonal hydrogen storage characteristics, it is necessary to store or transfer hydrogen energy in different seasons, and in the same season, the seasonal hydrogen storage tank can only select one state of hydrogen release or hydrogen storage.

[0066] (22); (23); (24); (25); Wherein, is the rated hydrogen storage capacity of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; , are the hydrogen release state and hydrogen storage state of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank respectively; is the hydrogen storage efficiency of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; is the number of days; and are the hydrogen storage amounts of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank on the th day and the th day respectively.

[0067] In summary, obtain the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, residential load value, industrial load value, charging station load value, hydrogen refueling station load value, hydrogen energy consumed by the natural gas pipeline, electricity selling price and hydrogen selling price. Taking the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, under the set constraints, optimize the hydrogen storage amount of the daily hydrogen storage tank and seasonal hydrogen storage tank, the electric energy storage amount of the electric energy storage system, and the hydrogen supply amount and power supply amount on the load side, so as to adjust the storage and release of the electric-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

[0068] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a hybrid energy scheduling system considering daily-quarterly hydrogen storage, including: A model construction module configured to construct an electric-hydrogen hybrid energy system model including a renewable energy system, an electric energy storage system, a daily energy storage tank and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank; An optimal scheduling module configured to optimize the scheduling of the storage and release of the electric-hydrogen energy when there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the predicted value of the maximum output. It includes: taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, the hydrogen-electric load value, and the hydrogen-electric price as inputs, taking the maximization of the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage capacity constraints of daily and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, hydrogen-electric conversion constraints, and hydrogen-electric load constraints as constraint conditions, optimizing the hydrogen storage of daily and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, the electrical energy storage of the electrical energy storage system, and the hydrogen supply and power supply on the load side to adjust the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

[0069] It should be noted here that the above modules correspond to the steps described in Embodiment 1. The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above Embodiment 1. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the system, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.

[0070] In more embodiments, there is also provided: An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor. When the computer instructions are run by the processor, the method described in Embodiment 1 is completed. For the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated here.

[0071] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit CPU, and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors DSP, application-specific integrated circuits ASIC, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays FPGA, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0072] The memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. A part of the memory may also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information about the device type.

[0073] A computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in Embodiment 1 is completed.

[0074] The method in Embodiment 1 can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules may be located in mature storage media in the art such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. This storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and combines its hardware to complete the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0075] A computer program product includes a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0076] The present invention also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as instructions included in program modules, which are executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor to perform the process / method as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functions of program modules can be combined or divided as needed. The machine-executable instructions for program modules can be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules can be located in local and remote storage media.

[0077] The computer program code for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in one or more programming languages. This computer program code can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the program code is executed by the computer or other programmable data processing device, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the computer, partially on the computer, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server.

[0078] In the context of the present invention, the computer program code or related data can be carried by any suitable carrier so that a device, apparatus, or processor can perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc. Examples of signals can include electrical, optical, radio, acoustic, or other forms of propagated signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, etc.

[0079] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with this embodiment can be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A professional technician can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this application.

[0080] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or deformations that can be made without creative efforts on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage, characterized in that: include: Construct an electric-hydrogen hybrid energy system model including renewable energy systems, electric energy storage systems, daily energy storage tanks and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks; When there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the predicted maximum output value, the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy are optimized; It includes: taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, the hydrogen-electricity load value and the hydrogen-electricity price as input, maximizing the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage capacity constraints of daily hydrogen storage tanks and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, the hydrogen-electricity conversion constraints and the hydrogen-electricity load constraints as constraints, optimizing the hydrogen reserves of daily hydrogen storage tanks and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, the electric energy reserves of the electric energy storage system, and the hydrogen and power supply on the load side, so as to regulate the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

2. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Objective Function for: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, Representing the four seasons; Represents 24 time periods in a day; , , , , They represent the profit from electricity sales to charging stations, the profit from hydrogen sales to hydrogen refueling stations, the profit from electricity sales to residential and industrial users, the profit from hydrogen sales to natural gas pipeline operators, and the average annual standardized construction cost of the hybrid energy system. is the load value of the charging station; is the load value of the hydrogen refueling station; and They are the electricity selling price and hydrogen selling price respectively; is the number of days in a quarter; and They are residential load and industrial load respectively; Hydrogen energy consumed by natural gas pipelines; The planning period; is the annual discount rate for the hybrid energy system; and In the hybrid energy system, Generator and Installed capacity of equipment of this type; and Respectively Generator and Unit investment cost of such equipment; The land area occupied by the hybrid energy system; is the unit land cost.

3. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power balance constraint is: ； ； ； ； in, Representing the four seasons; Represents 24 time periods in a day; The power generation capacity of the hybrid energy system; , , are the power generation of photovoltaic units, hydropower units and fuel cell stacks respectively; and They are the difference between the photovoltaic unit and the preset rated power generation, and the difference between the hydropower unit and the preset rated power generation; Output for the electric energy storage system, positive indicates discharging, negative indicates charging; is the total power consumption of the hybrid energy system; The power consumption of the electrolyzer; is the load value of the charging station; and They are residential load and industrial load respectively.

4. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen energy balance constraint is: ； ； ； In the formula, is the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer; The power consumption of the electrolyzer; is the electricity-to-hydrogen conversion coefficient; is the rated power of the electrolyzer; and Season s and Moment and The daily hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank at the time; The amount of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell; and are the amount of hydrogen released and stored in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, respectively; For the next season The hydrogen energy consumed by the hydrogen refueling station at the moment; For the next season The amount of hydrogen consumed by the natural gas pipeline at the moment.

5. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The daily hydrogen storage tank constraint is that the hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank is less than or equal to the rated hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the end of the day is equal to the initial hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank.

6. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The seasonal hydrogen storage tank constraints are: ； ； ； ； In the formula, Representing the four seasons; Represents 24 time periods in a day; and are the amount of hydrogen released and stored in the seasonal hydrogen storage tank, respectively; is the rated hydrogen storage capacity of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; and They are the hydrogen release state and hydrogen storage state of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank respectively; is the hydrogen storage efficiency of the seasonal hydrogen storage tank; is the number of days; and The seasonal hydrogen storage tanks are Tianhedi Days of hydrogen storage.

7. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen-to-electricity conversion constraints include fuel cell constraints, specifically: the power generation of the fuel cell stack meets the amount of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell, and the power generation of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the rated power of the fuel cell.

8. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Hydrogen-electric load constraints include hydrogen refueling station constraints and charging station constraints; The constraints of hydrogen refueling stations are: the amount of hydrogen required by the hydrogen refueling station meets the amount of hydrogen refueling for all hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the daily hydrogen storage tank at the previous moment is greater than or equal to the amount of hydrogen required by the hydrogen refueling station; The constraints of the charging station are: the daily hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank meets the total power demand of the electric vehicle charging station, residential load and industrial load, and the power required by the charging station meets the charging needs of all electric vehicles.

9. A hybrid energy scheduling method taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The regulation process for the storage and release of electro-hydrogen energy includes: Compare the output power of the renewable energy system with the maximum output prediction value; when the output power is greater than the maximum output prediction value, store the excess electric energy in the electric energy storage system; when the output power is less than the maximum output prediction value, the electric energy storage system discharges to supplement the electric energy demand; When the output power meets the maximum output forecast value, the output power is compared with the power demand load; when the output power is greater than the power demand load, after supplying the power load, the excess electric energy is converted into hydrogen through the electric hydrogen production system; when the output power is less than the power demand load, the power shortage is supplemented by the hydrogen-to-electricity system and supplied to the power load; Compare hydrogen production with hydrogen demand load; when hydrogen production is not greater than hydrogen demand load, obtain hydrogen from seasonal hydrogen storage tanks and supply hydrogen energy load; when hydrogen production is greater than hydrogen demand load, after supplying hydrogen energy load, store excess hydrogen in daily hydrogen storage tanks; Compare the current hydrogen selling price with the hydrogen selling price during the same period of the previous year. If the current hydrogen selling price is lower than the hydrogen selling price during the same period of the previous year, the excess hydrogen will be stored in seasonal hydrogen storage tanks; otherwise, the hydrogen will be injected into the natural gas pipeline for sale.

10. A hybrid energy dispatching system taking into account daily-seasonal hydrogen storage, characterized in that: include: a model building module configured to build an electric-hydrogen hybrid energy system model including a renewable energy system, an electric energy storage system, a daily energy storage tank, and a seasonal hydrogen storage tank; An optimization scheduling module is configured to optimize the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy when there is a deviation between the output power of the renewable energy system and the maximum output prediction value; It includes: taking the installed capacity of the hybrid energy system, the hydrogen-electricity load value and the hydrogen-electricity price as input, maximizing the comprehensive profit of the hybrid energy system as the objective function, and taking power balance and hydrogen energy balance constraints, the hydrogen storage capacity constraints of daily hydrogen storage tanks and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, the hydrogen-electricity conversion constraints and the hydrogen-electricity load constraints as constraints, optimizing the hydrogen reserves of daily hydrogen storage tanks and seasonal hydrogen storage tanks, the electric energy reserves of the electric energy storage system, and the hydrogen and power supply on the load side, so as to regulate the storage and release of electric-hydrogen energy in different seasons and time periods.

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