Simulated ecological breeding system and method simultaneously adapting to various indigenous fishes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a simulated ecological breeding system and method suitable for various indigenous fishes at the same time. According to the breeding system, a habitat similar to the natural environment is provided for parent fishes, the parent fishes can better adapt to the breeding system, and stress reactions caused by environment changes are reduced; the arrangement of the water flow impact points is beneficial to improving the mating and spawning efficiency of parent fishes; according to the automatic roe separating device, the roe collecting efficiency is improved, omission and damage possibly occurring when roes are manually collected are avoided, and the roe hatching rate is further increased in combination with water flow setting of the hatching area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an ecological breeding system and method suitable for multiple indigenous fish species simultaneously. Background Art

[0002] Indigenous fish, as an important part of the ecosystem, are of great significance for maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance. In recent years, with the enhancement of ecological protection awareness and the progress of technology, the breeding technology of indigenous fish has gradually received attention.

[0003] Both Acrossocheilus fasciatus and Mystus macropterus are indigenous fish with important ecological and economic values, having unique reproductive and living habits, and being important economic fish and ecological species. They both have important application values in terms of food, ecology, and ornamental purposes. However, the gonadal development maturity of the parent fish of Acrossocheilus fasciatus and Mystus macropterus is relatively low. Especially for male Mystus macropterus, its semen is not easily extruded, and the individuals are generally small, resulting in low breeding efficiency; the existing breeding systems do not simulate the natural ecological environment perfectly, making it difficult to fully meet their breeding and growth needs, affecting the gonadal development of the parent fish. Moreover, most of the existing breeding systems are single-functional aquaculture ponds, lacking the support of a complete ecosystem. For example, there is a lack of natural habitats, food chains, and ecological balance, resulting in a large difference between the living environments of the parent fish and fry and natural conditions; in the existing technology, the separation of fish eggs from the parent fish and the collection of fry mostly rely on manual operations, with low efficiency and easy damage to the fish eggs, causing stress reactions to the fry and affecting their growth and survival rate; during the hatching process, it is difficult to ensure the stability of environmental factors such as water quality, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, resulting in low hatching rates and high deformity rates of fry; after the fry are collected, there is a lack of a cultivation environment similar to the natural environment, resulting in poor adaptability and slow growth of the fry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological breeding system and method suitable for multiple indigenous fish species simultaneously. By simulating the natural ecological environment and combining automation and intelligent technologies, it realizes the efficient integration of processes such as parent fish cultivation, mating, spawning, automatic separation of fish eggs, hatching, and fry collection.

[0005] The present invention provides an ecological breeding system adaptable to multiple native fish species. The breeding system includes a parental fish cultivation area, a mating and spawning area, a fish egg automatic separation device, an incubation area, a fry collection area, and a circulating water treatment system. The parental fish cultivation area is connected to the mating and spawning area through a passage. The mating and spawning area is connected to the fish egg automatic separation device. The fish egg automatic separation device is connected to the bottom of the incubation area through an input end and to the incubation area through an output end. The incubation area is connected to the fry collection area through a gate. The parental fish cultivation area, the mating and spawning area, the fish egg automatic separation device, the incubation area, and the fry collection area are respectively connected to the circulating water treatment system. In the parental fish cultivation area, there are habitat shelves distributed at different heights, and the habitat shelves simulate the shapes of rocks and / or waterweeds. The parental fish cultivation area is provided with spiral water channels and / or ditches, and the water flows out through the peripheral wall of the pool. Irregular cobblestones of different sizes and shapes are embedded in the water channels and / or ditches to form a turbulent flow. The water flowing out from the pool wall meets the water at the end of the water channel to form a turbulent flow. The turbulent flow is combined with the turbulent flow, and the ratio of the turbulent flow to the turbulent flow is 4:6 to 5:5, which promotes the synchronous development and maturity of the parent fish. In the mating and spawning area, a counterclockwise spiral water flow is set at a distance of 30-40 cm from the water surface, a downward water flow is set on the water surface, and 4-8 water inlets are respectively set at a distance of 20-30 cm from the water surface on each of the four sides. The water flows from different inlets meet at the water impact point to form an impact force. The passage is in a closed state during the parental fish cultivation period and the parental fish mating and spawning period. The fish egg automatic separation device includes an input end, an output end, a sieve, and a water flow separator, and the sieve is located at the input end. The incubation area is provided with a microporous aeration device and a flat orifice plate, and a backwash water inlet is also provided at the bottom. The fry collection area is provided with a water flow flowing towards the incubation area. When the gate is opened, the fry swim towards the fry collection area by virtue of their natural tendency to swim against the current.

[0006] The connection relationships among the parental fish cultivation area, the mating and spawning area, the fish egg automatic separation device, the incubation area, and the fry collection area are as Figure 1 shown, where 1 is the parental fish cultivation area, 2 is the mating and spawning area, 3 is the fish egg automatic separation device, 4 is the incubation area, 5 is the fry collection area, 6 is the passage, 7 is the input end, 8 is the sieve, 9 is the output end, 10 is the orifice plate, 11 is the backwash water inlet, and 12 is the gate.

[0007] Preferably, the native fish includes Acrossocheilus fasciatus and / or Mystus macropterus.

[0008] Preferably, the size of the habitat shelf is 30-40 cm × 15-25 cm × 20-30 cm, the gap between adjacent habitat shelves is ≥ 3 cm, and the number of the habitat shelves is set to 2-4 per m 3 。

[0009] Preferably, the water flow velocity in the parental fish cultivation area is 0.1-0.3 m / s, and the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.1-0.3 m / s. The water flow velocity in the parental fish cultivation area of the present invention is further preferably irregularly changed between 0.1-0.3 m / s to further simulate the water flow of mountain stream water, facilitating the adaptation of parental fish.

[0010] Preferably, the aperture of the sieve mesh > 4 mm, and the aperture of the orifice plate < 2.2 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the water flow velocity of the circulating water treatment system is 0.1-0.3 m / s.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for breeding indigenous fish based on the breeding system described in the above technical solution. The indigenous fish includes Acrossocheilus fasciatus and / or Mystus macropterus; the method includes the following steps: Select healthy parental fish and put them into the parental fish cultivation area for cultivation. After the gonads of the parental fish are developed and mature, open the channel, transfer the parental fish to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel; when transferring the parental fish to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.1-0.2 m / s. After the parental fish have mating behavior, increase the water flow velocity to 0.2-0.3 m / s. After the parental fish have spawning behavior, reduce the water flow velocity to 0.1-0.2 m / s; the fish eggs pass through the sieve mesh by the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference and enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area through the output end; the backwashing water flow in the hatching area can pass through the orifice plate to make the fish eggs suspended, and the dead eggs will further float up, and the floating dead eggs are fished out regularly; after 80% or more of the fish eggs hatch into fry, open the gate, and the water flow in the fry collection area flows towards the hatching area along with the gate. The water flow velocity in the fry collection area is 0.05-0.1 m / s; the hatched fry swim against the current through the gate into the fry collection area to complete the collection of fry.

[0013] Preferably, the water temperature in the parental fish cultivation area is 18°C-23°C; the water temperature in the mating and spawning area is 18°C-23°C; the water temperature in the hatching area is 10°C-22°C.

[0014] Preferably, the water flow velocity of the fish egg automatic separation device is 0.2-0.3 m / s.

[0015] Preferably, within 24 h-28 h after transporting the fish eggs to the hatching area, keep the backwashing water flow velocity at 0.1-0.15 m / s, and then set the backwashing water flow velocity to 0.15-0.2 m / s until fry are hatched.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention: In the parental breeding area of the present invention, perches with staggered heights are set up, simulating the shapes of rocks and / or waterweeds. A spiral water channel paved with cobblestones is set up, and the combination of turbulent flow and chaotic flow is further used to simulate the conditions of natural mountain streams, providing a habitat similar to the natural environment for the parental fish. This simulated environment enables the parental fish to better adapt to the breeding system, reduces the stress response caused by environmental changes, thereby promoting the development of their gonads and improving the breeding success rate.

[0017] A counterclockwise spiral water flow is set at a position 40 cm from the water surface, and at the same time, a downward water flow is set on the water surface. Since Acrossocheilus fasciatus and Mystus macropterus have the habit of swimming upstream, under the guidance of the spiral water flow and the downward water flow, the parental fish will swim to the near-water area; by setting 4 to 8 water inlets on each side around the mating and spawning area respectively, the water flows from different inlets converge at the water impact point to form an impact force. Through the setting of the water impact point, the mating behavior of indigenous fish can be stimulated. The impact force of the water flow can simulate the dynamic changes of natural water flow, provide suitable breeding signals for fish, and can also gather the parental fish in a specific area, increasing the contact opportunities between individuals, thereby improving the efficiency of mating and spawning. At the same time, the impact force of the water flow helps the dispersion and settlement of fish eggs, and can also improve the flow state of the water body, prevent the water flow from being too stable, and is beneficial to maintaining the cleanliness and stability of the water quality, providing a better environment for fish breeding.

[0018] Automated fish egg separation and hatching: The present invention adopts an automatic fish egg separation device. Through the sieve mesh at the input end, larger impurities can be effectively intercepted while allowing the fish eggs to pass through smoothly. The water flow separator can further separate the fish eggs from the water flow, ensuring that the fish eggs can be accurately transported to the hatching area. This automatic separation device greatly improves the collection efficiency of fish eggs and avoids the omission and damage that may occur during manual collection of fish eggs.

[0019] Efficient hatching and fry collection: The microporous aeration device in the hatching area can provide sufficient oxygen to meet the oxygen demand during the hatching process of fish eggs; the water flow guiding device and the flat orifice plate can make the fish eggs evenly distributed, improving the hatching rate. The backwashing water flow can pass through the orifice plate, making the fish eggs suspended, and the dead eggs will further float up. The floating dead eggs are regularly fished out. This design can timely remove the dead eggs, prevent them from rotting and affecting the water quality and the hatching of live eggs, and further improve the hatching rate of fish eggs. In the fry collection area, there is a water flow flowing towards the hatching area. After the fry hatch, they can swim towards the fry collection area by virtue of their instinct to swim against the current, reducing the damage to the fry caused by fishing; adjusting the water flow velocity to 0.05 - 0.1 m / s further reduces the damage to the fry caused by the water flow impact.

[0020] The present invention controls the water temperature in the parental breeding area and the mating and spawning area at 18°C to 23°C, and this temperature range is the suitable temperature for the gonadal development and mating and spawning of indigenous fish parents. The water temperature in the hatching area is controlled at 10°C to 22°C, and this temperature range can ensure the normal hatching of fish eggs. The appropriate water temperature can ensure the development of fish eggs in the best environment, improving the physique and survival rate of fry.

[0021] When the parental fish are transferred to the mating and spawning area in the present invention, the water flow velocity is adjusted according to the behavioral stages of the parental fish. After the parental fish exhibit mating behavior, the water flow velocity is increased to 0.2 - 0.3 m / s, which can better stimulate the parental fish to complete mating and spawning behaviors; after the parental fish exhibit spawning behavior, the water flow velocity is reduced to 0.1 - 0.2 m / s, which can provide a relatively stable environment for the fish eggs and avoid the impact of too strong water flow on the fish eggs. In the hatching area, within 24 h to 28 h after the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area, the backwash water flow velocity is maintained at 0.1 - 0.15 m / s, and then the backwash water flow velocity is set at 0.15 - 0.2 m / s. This staged adjustment of the water flow velocity can ensure that the fish eggs are always in an environment with suitable water flow during the hatching process, improving the quality of fry.

[0022] The circulating water treatment system can effectively remove impurities, harmful substances, and germs in the water, keeping the water quality in good condition. By recycling water resources, the dependence on fresh water resources is reduced, the breeding cost is lowered, and at the same time, the wastewater discharge is reduced, which is of great significance for environmental protection.

[0023] The breeding system provided by the present invention can simultaneously adapt to multiple indigenous fish such as Acrossocheilus fasciatus and / or Mystus macropterus. This versatility makes the breeding system have wide applicability, can meet the breeding needs of different species of indigenous fish, and provides an effective technical means for protecting and increasing the resources of multiple indigenous fish species. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It shows the connection relationship of the parental breeding area, the mating and spawning area, the fish egg automatic separation device, the hatching area, and the fry collection area, where 1 is the parental breeding area, 2 is the mating and spawning area, 3 is the fish egg automatic separation device, 4 is the hatching area, 5 is the fry collection area, 6 is the channel, 7 is the input end, 8 is the screen, 9 is the output end, 10 is the orifice plate, 11 is the backwash water inlet, and 12 is the gate. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] To further illustrate the present invention, a simultaneous adaptation to a variety of indigenous fish imitation ecological breeding system and method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1 Select healthy Acrossocheilus fasciatus parent fish and put them into the parent cultivation area for cultivation. Set the water temperature in the parent cultivation area to 19±1°C, turn on the spiral water channel in the parent cultivation area, so that the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s and the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s; after the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, open the channel, so that the water flow direction is from the mating and spawning area to the parent cultivation area, guide the parent fish to swim to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel, and set the water temperature in the mating and spawning area to 20±1°C.

[0028] When transferring the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.15 m / s. Turn on the counterclockwise spiral water flow set at 40 cm from the water surface and the downward water flow set on the water surface. Under the stimulation of the water flow, the parent fish swim upstream. After swimming to the near-water area, open the water inlets of each water flow, and the water flows from different inlets converge at the water flow impact point to form an impact force, stimulating the parent fish to mate. After the parent fish produces mating behavior, increase the water flow velocity to 0.25 m / s. After the parent fish produces spawning behavior, reduce the water flow velocity to 0.2 m / s.

[0029] Set the water flow velocity of the fish egg automatic separation device to 0.3 m / s. The fish eggs pass through the sieve mesh under the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference, enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18±1°C; use the method of random sampling in the hatching area to count the spawning quantity; When the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area for 3 h, randomly sample in the hatching area, observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area; within 26 h after the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area, keep the backwashing water flow velocity at 0.1 m / s, and then increase the backwashing water flow velocity to 0.2 m / s; regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0030] After hatching for 2 d, open the sluice gate, so that the water flow in the fry collection area flows towards the hatching area along with the sluice gate. The water flow velocity in the fry collection area is 0.05 m / s; the hatched fry swim against the current through the sluice gate into the fry collection area to complete the collection of fry.

[0031] Example 2 Select healthy Acrossocheilus fasciatus parent fish and put them into the parent cultivation area for cultivation. Set the water temperature in the parent cultivation area to 19±1°C. Open the spiral water channel in the parent cultivation area so that the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s and the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s. After the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, open the channel so that the water flow direction is from the mating and spawning area to the parent cultivation area, guide the parent fish to swim to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel. Set the water temperature in the mating and spawning area to 20±1°C.

[0032] When transferring the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.1 m / s. Open the counterclockwise spiral water flow set at 40 cm from the water surface and the downward water flow set on the water surface. Under the stimulation of the water flow, the parent fish swim upstream. After swimming to the near-water area, open the water inlets of each water flow. The water flows from different inlets converge at the water flow impact point to form an impact force, stimulating the parent fish to mate. After the parent fish have mating behavior, increase the water flow velocity to 0.2 m / s. After the parent fish lay eggs, reduce the water flow velocity to 0.1 m / s.

[0033] Set the water flow velocity of the fish egg automatic separation device to 0.2 m / s. The fish eggs pass through the sieve mesh under the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference and enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18±1°C; use the method of random sampling in the hatching area to count the number of eggs laid; When the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area for 3 hours, randomly sample in the hatching area, observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area; within 26 hours after the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area, keep the backwashing water flow velocity at 0.1 m / s, and then increase the backwashing water flow velocity to 0.15 m / s; regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0034] After hatching for 2 days, open the sluice gate so that the water flow in the fry collection area flows towards the hatching area along with the sluice gate. The water flow velocity in the fry collection area is 0.08 m / s; the hatched fry swim against the current through the sluice gate into the fry collection area to complete the collection of fry.

[0035] Example 3 Select healthy Mystus macropterus parent fish and put them into the parent cultivation area for cultivation. Set the water temperature in the parent cultivation area to 19±1°C. Open the spiral water channel in the parent cultivation area so that the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s and the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s. After the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, open the channel so that the water flow direction is from the mating and spawning area to the parent cultivation area, guide the parent fish to swim to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel. Set the water temperature in the mating and spawning area to 20±1°C.

[0036] When transferring the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.2 m / s. Turn on the counterclockwise spiral water flow set at 40 cm below the water surface and the downward water flow set on the water surface. Under the stimulation of the water flow, the parent fish swim upstream against the current. After swimming to the near-water surface area, turn on the water inlets of each water flow. The water flows from different inlets converge at the water flow impact point, forming an impact force to stimulate the parent fish to mate. After the parent fish exhibit mating behavior, increase the water flow velocity to 0.3 m / s. After the parent fish lay eggs, reduce the water flow velocity to 0.2 m / s.

[0037] Set the water flow velocity of the fish egg automatic separation device to 0.3 m / s. The fish eggs pass through the sieve net under the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference, enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18 ± 1 °C; use the method of random sampling in the hatching area to count the number of eggs laid. When the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area for 3 hours, randomly sample in the hatching area to observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area; within 26 hours after the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area, keep the backwashing water flow velocity at 0.15 m / s, and then increase the backwashing water flow velocity to 2 m / s; regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0038] After 2 days of hatching, open the sluice gate so that the water flow in the fry collection area flows towards the hatching area along with the sluice gate. The water flow velocity in the fry collection area is 0.1 m / s; the hatched fry swim upstream against the current through the sluice gate into the fry collection area to complete the collection of fry.

[0039] Comparative Example 1 Select healthy Acrossocheilus fasciatus parent fish and put them into the parent cultivation area for cultivation. Set the water temperature in the parent cultivation area to 19 ± 1 °C, and close the spiral water channel in the parent cultivation area. After the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, open the channel so that the water flow direction is from the mating and spawning area to the parent cultivation area, guide the parent fish to swim to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel. Set the water temperature in the mating and spawning area to 20 ± 1 °C.

[0040] Do not set spiral water flow or water flow impact point in the mating and spawning area. When transferring the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.15 m / s. After the parent fish exhibit mating behavior, increase the water flow velocity to 0.25 m / s. After the parent fish lay eggs, reduce the water flow velocity to 0.2 m / s.

[0041] Set the water flow velocity of the fish egg automatic separation device to 0.3 m / s. The fish eggs pass through the sieve net under the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference, enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18 ± 1 °C; use the method of random sampling in the hatching area to count the number of eggs laid. When transporting fish eggs to the hatching area for 3 hours, randomly sample in the hatching area and observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area; within 26 hours after transporting the fish eggs to the hatching area, keep the backwashing water flow rate at 0.1 m / s, and then increase the backwashing water flow rate to 0.2 m / s; regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0042] After 2 days of hatching, open the gate so that the water flow in the fry collection area flows towards the hatching area along with the gate, and the water flow rate in the fry collection area is 0.05 m / s; the hatched fry swim against the current through the gate into the fry collection area to complete the collection of fry.

[0043] Comparative Example 2 Select healthy Acrossocheilus fasciatus parent fish and put them into the parent cultivation area for cultivation. Set the water temperature in the parent cultivation area to 19 ± 1 °C, open the spiral water channel in the parent cultivation area so that the flow rate of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s and the flow rate of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s; after the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, open the channel so that the water flow direction is from the mating and spawning area to the parent cultivation area, guide the parent fish to swim to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel and set the water temperature in the mating and spawning area to 20 ± 1 °C.

[0044] After transferring the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, keep the water flow rate in the mating and spawning area at 0.2 m / s without change, and close the counterclockwise spiral water flow set at 40 cm from the water surface and the downward water flow set on the water surface; open the water inlets of each water flow, and the water flows from different inlets converge at the water flow impact point to form an impact force to stimulate the parent fish to mate.

[0045] Set the water flow rate of the fish egg automatic separation device to 0.3 m / s. The fish eggs pass through the sieve net under the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference, enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18 ± 1 °C; use the method of random sampling in the hatching area to count the spawning quantity; When transporting fish eggs to the hatching area for 3 hours, randomly sample in the hatching area and observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area; within 26 hours after transporting the fish eggs to the hatching area, keep the backwashing water flow rate at 0.1 m / s, and then increase the backwashing water flow rate to 0.2 m / s; regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0046] After 2 days of hatching, open the gate, and the hatched fry enter the fry collection area along with the water flow through the gate to complete the collection of fry.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 Select healthy Acrossocheilus fasciatus parent fish and put them into the parent cultivation area for cultivation. Set the water temperature in the parent cultivation area to 19±1°C. Open the spiral water channel in the parent cultivation area so that the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s and the flow velocity of the turbulent flow is 0.2 m / s. After the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, open the channel so that the water flow direction is from the mating and spawning area to the parent cultivation area, guide the parent fish to swim to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel. Set the water temperature in the mating and spawning area to 20±1°C.

[0048] When transferring the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.15 m / s. Open the counterclockwise spiral water flow set at 40 cm from the water surface and the downward water flow set on the water surface. Under the stimulation of the water flow, the parent fish swim upstream. After swimming to the near-water area, open the water inlets of each water flow. The water flows from different inlets converge at the water flow impact point to form an impact force, stimulating the parent fish to mate. After the parent fish have mating behavior, increase the water flow velocity to 0.25 m / s. After the parent fish lay eggs, reduce the water flow velocity to 0.2 m / s.

[0049] Set the water flow velocity of the fish egg automatic separation device to 0.3 m / s. Through the action of natural sedimentation and water flow difference, the fish eggs pass through the sieve and enter the fish egg automatic separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18±1°C. Use the method of random sampling in the hatching area to count the number of eggs laid. When the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area for 3 hours, randomly sample in the hatching area and observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area. Do not turn on the backwashing water flow in the hatching area. Regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0050] After 2 days of hatching, open the gate so that the water flow in the fry collection area flows towards the hatching area along with the gate. The water flow velocity in the fry collection area is 0.05 m / s. The hatched fry swim against the current through the gate and enter the fry collection area to complete the collection of fry.

[0051] Comparative Example 4 Select healthy Acrossocheilus fasciatus parent fish and breed them using a traditional fish breeding system. The specific steps are as follows: Put them into the fish pond for cultivation. Do not set a habitat rack in the fish pond. Set the water temperature to 20±1°C. After the gonads of the parent fish are developed and mature, put a fish egg collection net into the fish pond. After the parent fish lay eggs, fish out the fish egg collection net, count the number of eggs laid, and then place the fish eggs on the orifice plate and put them into the traditional hatching area. Set the water temperature in the hatching area to 18±1°C. When the fish eggs are transported to the hatching area for 3 hours, randomly sample in the hatching area and observe and count the number of fertilized eggs in the hatching area. Do not set a backwashing water flow in the hatching area. Regularly fish out the floating dead eggs until fry are hatched.

[0052] After 2 days of hatching, salvage the fry to complete the collection of fry.

[0053] Test Example 1 Random sampling was carried out in the hatching ponds of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 respectively by using underwater sampling tools. After the samples were collected, on-site sorting, counting and identification were carried out to count the number of eggs laid and the number of fertilized eggs. The fertilization rate was calculated according to the following formula (the egg membrane of the fertilized egg swells rapidly by absorbing water, the blastoderm bulges, the cleavage furrows are neat, the blastomeres are arranged regularly and have the same size; the unfertilized eggs have irregular cleavage, the egg balls collapse, and the egg color is dull); the results are shown in Table 1.

[0054]

[0055] The final fry yields of each group were counted in the fry collection areas of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 respectively, and the hatching rate was calculated according to the following formula; the results are shown in Table 1.

[0056]

[0057] Table 1 Yield Results

[0058] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the comparative examples, the number of eggs laid, the fertilization rate and the hatching rate of Examples 1 to 3 have been significantly improved, indicating that combining turbulence and turbulent flow in the parent cultivation area of the present invention helps to promote the synchronous development and maturity of parents. At the same time, the water flow impact points and the changes in water flow velocity set in the mating and spawning areas are beneficial to stimulating the parent fish and improving the efficiency of mating and spawning; setting a backwash water flow in the hatching area and changing its flow velocity are beneficial to promoting the development of fish eggs and improving the hatching rate.

[0059] Test Example 2 100 fry were collected from the fry collection areas of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 respectively, and fed with conventional feed for 60 days. Weighing was carried out on the 10th day, 30th day, 40th day and 60th day respectively. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0060] Table 2 Average Body Weight of Fry

[0061] As can be seen from Table 2, the fry in Examples 1 to 3 grew faster and had a higher average body weight, indicating that the fry bred by using the method provided by the present invention were more robust.

[0062] As can be seen from the above examples, the breeding system and breeding method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the breeding efficiency of indigenous fish, and provide a new scheme and reference for the protection and breeding of indigenous fish.

[0063] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological breeding system that is suitable for multiple indigenous fish at the same time, characterized in that: The breeding system includes a parent cultivation area, a mating and spawning area, an automatic egg separation device, a hatching area, a fry collection area and a circulating water treatment system; The parent cultivation area is connected to the mating and spawning area through a channel, the mating and spawning area is connected to the automatic egg separation device, the automatic egg separation device is connected to the bottom of the hatching area through an input end, and is connected to the hatching area through an output end, the hatching area is connected to the fry collection area through a gate, and the parent cultivation area, the mating and spawning area, the automatic egg separation device, the hatching area, and the fry collection area are respectively connected to a circulating water treatment system; The parent breeding area is provided with perches with staggered heights, and the perches simulate the shape of rocks and / or aquatic plants; the parent breeding area is provided with spiral waterways and / or ditches, water is discharged through the peripheral wall of the pool, pebbles of different sizes and shapes are irregularly embedded in the walls of the waterways and / or ditches to form turbulence, and the water discharged from the pool wall meets the water at the end of the waterway to form turbulence, and turbulence is combined with turbulence, and the ratio of turbulence to turbulence is 4:6~5:5, which promotes the synchronous development and maturity of the parents; The mating and spawning area is provided with a counterclockwise spiral water flow at 30 to 40 cm from the water surface, a downward water flow is provided on the water surface, and 4 to 8 water flow inlets are provided at 20 to 30 cm from the water surface on all sides. The water flows at different inlets meet at the water flow impact point to form an impact force; the channel is closed during the parent cultivation period and the parent mating and spawning period; The automatic fish egg separation device comprises an input end, an output end, a screen and a water flow separator, wherein the screen is located at the input end; The hatching area is provided with a microporous aeration device and a flat perforated plate, and a backwash water inlet is also provided at the bottom; The fry collecting area is provided with a water flow flowing toward the hatching area. When the gate is opened, the fry swim toward the fry collecting area by virtue of their nature of swimming against the current.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The indigenous fish include smoothlipped fish and / or bigfin bream.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The size of the perch is 30-40 cm × 15-25 cm × 20-30 cm, the gap between adjacent perches is ≥ 3 cm, and the number of the perches is set to 2-4 / m 3 .

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The water flow velocity in the parent breeding area is 0.1-0.3 m / s, and the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.1-0.3 m / s.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The aperture of the sieve is greater than 4 mm, and the aperture of the orifice plate is less than 2.2 mm.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The water flow rate of the circulating water treatment system is 0.1~0.3m / s.

7. A method for breeding indigenous fish based on the breeding system of claim 1, characterized in that: The indigenous fish include smooth lipped fish and / or bigfin bream; the method comprises the following steps: Select healthy parent fish and place them in the parent breeding area for breeding. After the gonads of the parent fish mature, open the channel, transfer the parent fish to the mating and spawning area, and then close the channel; When the parent fish are transferred to the mating and spawning area, the water flow velocity in the mating and spawning area is 0.1~0.2m / s. After the parent fish mate, the water flow velocity is increased to 0.2~0.3m / s. After the parent fish spawn, the water flow velocity is reduced to 0.1~0.2m / s. The fish eggs pass through the screen through natural sedimentation and water flow difference, enter the automatic fish egg separation device, and are transported to the hatching area through the output end; The backwash water in the hatching area can pass through the perforated plate to suspend the fish eggs, and the dead eggs will float further. The floating dead eggs are regularly removed; After 80% or more of the fish eggs have hatched into fry, the gate is opened, and the water in the fry collection area flows to the hatching area along the gate. The water flow rate in the fry collection area is 0.05~0.1m / s; the hatched fry swim upstream through the gate into the fry collection area, completing the collection of the fry.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The water temperature of the parent breeding area is 18°C ​​to 23°C; the water temperature of the mating and spawning area is 18°C ​​to 23°C; and the water temperature of the hatching area is 10°C to 22°C.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water flow rate of the fish egg automatic separation device is 0.2-0.3 m / s.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Transport the fish eggs to the hatching area within 24h~28h, maintain the backwash water flow rate at 0.1~0.15m / s, and then set the backwash water flow rate to 0.15~0.2m / s until the fry are hatched.

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