A blood shunt and vascular stent assembly

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and specifically discloses a blood shunt and vascular stent assembly. The blood shunt includes a stent front section, a stent middle section, and a stent rear section connected in sequence. The blood shunt has a guide lumen. The cross-sectional dimensions of both the stent front section and the stent rear section are larger than those of the stent middle section, and the guide lumen has at least two shunt channels in the stent middle section. The blood shunt has a dumbbell-shaped structure that is large at both ends and small in the middle. The stent front section and the stent rear section are interchangeable. During the placement of the blood shunt, there is no need for deliberate alignment marking or complex rotational adjustments, which can effectively reduce the risk of implantation. After the blood shunt is placed, a branch stent that is connected to the shunt channel is implanted in the corresponding vascular branch, thereby ensuring that blood can be effectively diverted into the vascular branch. The blood shunt and the branch stent can completely isolate the lesion at the bifurcation, thereby reducing the risk of lesion rupture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a blood shunt and vascular stent assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Vascular diseases are one of the major health problems worldwide, and their pathological mechanisms are highly correlated with the aging population. Coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease are among the most common types. The core pathological manifestation of these diseases is stenosis or occlusion of blood vessels, and their causes include atherosclerosis, hypertensive vascular remodeling, and thromboembolism.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating vascular stenosis or occlusion include drug therapy, surgery, and interventional therapy. Among these, interventional therapy is the preferred option due to its minimally invasive nature and rapid recovery. Commonly used interventional methods include balloon angioplasty, bare-metal stent implantation, and covered stent implantation. However, for vascular bifurcation lesions such as stenosis, occlusion, dissection, or aneurysm located at the junction of the main trunk and branches, interventional therapy has certain limitations. The challenge lies in effectively opening the main trunk without affecting the blood flow to the branches, ensuring good long-term outcomes, and reducing restenosis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a blood shunt device and vascular stent assembly to solve the aforementioned technical problems existing in related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a blood shunt device, the blood shunt device comprising a stent front section, a stent middle section, and a stent rear section connected in sequence, the blood shunt device having a guide lumen extending through it along its axial direction; wherein:

[0007] The cross-sectional dimensions of the front section and the rear section of the support are both larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the middle section of the support, and the guide cavity has at least two diversion channels in the middle section of the support, the diversion channels connecting the front section and the rear section of the support.

[0008] Furthermore, both the front section and the rear section of the support include a first support and a first covering film. The first support is a mesh-like structure or a crown-like structure, and the first covering film is attached to the outside or inside of the first support.

[0009] Furthermore, the middle section of the stent includes at least two second membranes, the second membranes being cylindrical structures to form the diversion channel, and the two ends of the second membranes connecting the front section and the rear section of the stent.

[0010] Furthermore, the middle section of the support also includes a second support, and the second film is attached to the outside or inside of the second support.

[0011] Furthermore, the first support and / or the second support are structural components made of nickel-titanium or cobalt-chromium materials; the first coating and / or the second coating are structural components made of PET or ePTFE materials.

[0012] Furthermore, developing points are provided on the first coating and / or the second coating.

[0013] Furthermore, diaphragms are respectively provided in the front section and the rear section of the support, and the diaphragms are used to divide the portion of the guide cavity distributed in the front section and the rear section of the support into a diversion area corresponding to the diversion channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the blood shunt also includes a reinforcing rib that connects the front section of the stent and the rear section of the stent.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the front section of the bracket is 2cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the front section of the bracket is 10mm to 30mm;

[0016] And / or, the length of the middle section of the bracket is 1cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the diversion channel is 5mm to 15mm;

[0017] The length of the rear section of the bracket is 2cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the rear section of the bracket is 10mm to 30mm.

[0018] Secondly, this application also provides a vascular stent assembly, which includes at least two branch stents and the aforementioned blood shunt, wherein the branch stents correspond to the shunt channel, one end of the branch stent is connected to the shunt channel, and the other end of the branch stent extends into the branch blood vessel.

[0019] The technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The blood shunt and vascular stent combination of this application features a dumbbell-shaped structure with large ends and a small middle. The front and rear sections of the stent are interchangeable. During the placement of the blood shunt at the bifurcation of the main vascular trunk and vascular branches, there is no need for deliberate alignment marking or complex rotational adjustments, which can effectively reduce the risk of implantation. After the blood shunt is placed, a branch stent that connects with the shunt channel is implanted in the corresponding vascular branch, thereby ensuring that blood can be effectively diverted into the vascular branch. At the same time, the blood shunt and branch stent can bidirectionally block and completely isolate lesions such as aneurysms at the bifurcation, which helps to avoid direct erosion of lesions such as aneurysms by blood flow, thereby reducing the risk of lesion rupture. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the blood shunt device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional distribution of the diversion channel relative to the guide cavity in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the blood shunt device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vascular stent assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is the third schematic diagram of the blood shunt device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the blood shunt device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the release process of the blood shunt device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a second schematic diagram of the blood shunt release process according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 This is the third schematic diagram of the blood shunt release process according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the blood shunt release process in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 100. Blood shunt; 110. Anterior segment of stent; 111. First stent; 112. First clasp; 113. Diaphragm; 120. Mid-segment of stent; 121. Second clasp; 122. Second stent; 130. Posterior segment of stent; 140. Lumen; 141. Shunt channel; 150. Reinforcing rib; 200. Branch stent; 300. Main vascular trunk; 400. Branch vascular branch; 500. Guidewire; 600. Delivery device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 10 The blood shunt and vascular stent combination provided in this application will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 This application discloses a blood shunt 100, which can be a cylindrical structure. Specifically, the blood shunt 100 has a guide cavity 140 extending through it along its axial direction. When the blood shunt 100 is placed in a blood vessel, the blood in the blood vessel can flow through the guide cavity 140. Along the axial direction of the blood shunt 100, the blood shunt 100 includes a stent front section 110, a stent middle section 120, and a stent rear section 130 connected in sequence. The cross-sectional dimensions of the stent front section 110 and the stent rear section 130 (e.g., the stent front section 110 and the stent rear section 130) are specified. The diameter of segment 130 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the middle segment 120 of the stent. That is to say, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the blood shunt 100 in the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 of the stent is larger than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the blood shunt 100 in the middle segment 120 of the stent. This makes the blood shunt 100 have a dumbbell-shaped structure with large ends and a small middle. After the blood shunt 100 is implanted into the blood vessel, the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 of the stent in the expanded state can abut against the inner wall of the blood vessel, so that the entire blood shunt 100 can be anchored in the blood vessel, thereby reconstructing the blood transport pathway of the diseased blood vessel.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 10 The lumen 140 forms at least two shunt channels 141 at the middle section 120 of the stent. The two ends of the shunt channels 141 connect the anterior section 110 and the posterior section 130 of the stent. Blood entering the lumen 140 through the anterior section 110 of the stent is shunted into the shunt channels 141 at the junction of the anterior section 110 and the middle section 120 of the stent. Each shunt channel 141 can be connected to a vascular branch 400 through a branch stent 200, thereby guiding the blood flowing into the lumen 140 into the blood vessel to achieve the reconstruction of the blood transport pathway. It should be noted that the anterior section 110 and the posterior section 130 of the stent in this embodiment can be symmetrical structures distributed at both ends of the middle section 120 of the stent and are interchangeable. For ease of subsequent description, when the entire blood shunt 100 is placed in the blood vessel, along the direction of blood flow in the blood vessel, the anterior section 110 of the stent is the part of the blood shunt 100 that first contacts the blood, and the posterior section 130 of the stent is the part from which the blood flows out.

[0039] Based on the above technical solutions, the blood shunt 100 in this embodiment is a dumbbell-shaped structure with large ends and a small middle. The front section 110 and the rear section 130 of the stent are interchangeable. During the placement of the blood shunt 100 at the bifurcation of the main vascular trunk 300 and the branch vascular trunk 400, there is no need for deliberate alignment marking or complex rotational adjustments, which can effectively reduce the risk of implantation. After the blood shunt 100 is placed, the branch stent 200 that is connected to the shunt channel 141 is implanted in the corresponding branch vascular trunk 400, thereby ensuring that the blood in the main vascular trunk 300 can be effectively diverted to the branch vascular trunk 400. At the same time, the blood shunt 100 or the vascular stent combination formed by connecting the blood shunt 100 and the branch stent 200 can completely isolate lesions such as aneurysms at the bifurcation by bidirectional occlusion, which helps to avoid the direct flushing of blood flow on lesions such as aneurysms, thereby reducing the risk of rupture of lesions such as aneurysms.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1The front section 110 and the rear section 130 of the stent can have the same structure. Specifically, both the front section 110 and the rear section 130 of the stent include a first stent 111 and a first covering film 112. The first stent 111 can be a metal mesh cylinder structure or a crown-shaped structure containing multiple waves. It can be compressed and can unfold naturally after the restraint is removed. The first covering film 112 is attached to the outside or inside of the first stent 111. For example, the first stent 111 can be a mesh-like structure made of biocompatible metals such as stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy, or cobalt-chromium alloy. The second covering 121 can be a structure made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene). The first covering 112 can be attached to the outside of the first stent 111. In this way, the first covering 112 directly contacts the blood vessel wall, which can block and isolate lesions such as aneurysms. On the other hand, the first covering 112 can also act as a foreign body barrier, effectively isolating the blood vessel wall from direct contact with the first stent 111 and reducing damage to the blood vessel endothelium caused by the first stent 111 during implantation. It is understood that during the release of the blood shunt 100, when the first stent 111 is no longer constrained by the delivery device 600, the first stent 111 will rely on its own elasticity to recover to the pre-set shape and size, thereby achieving the effect of adhering to the blood vessel wall and playing an anchoring role.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to... Figure 1 The stent mid-section 120 includes at least two second coverings 121. Each second covering 121 is a peripherally closed cylindrical structure to form the aforementioned shunt channel 141. The two ends of the second covering 121 connect the stent front section 110 and the stent rear section 130. In other words, the stent mid-section 120 can adopt a pure membrane structure. Membrane structures have good toughness and durability. Without a metal stent as an internal support, the second covering 121 can better adapt to changes in the morphology of blood vessels, while avoiding the metal stent from breaking due to fatigue, corrosion, or other reasons during long-term use, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the blood shunt device 100 in long-term use.

[0042] Of course, in some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 The stent mid-segment 120 may also include a second stent 122. A second cover 121 is attached to the outer or inner side of the second stent 122. The second stent 122 can provide stable support for the stent mid-segment 120, enabling the stent mid-segment 120 to maintain a relatively stable shape, thereby ensuring normal blood flow.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first covering 112 of the stent anterior segment 110 and the stent posterior segment 130 is integrally connected to the second covering 121 of the stent middle segment 120. This integrally connected covering structure ensures the overall stability of the blood shunt 100, preventing deformation or detachment of the segmented, spliced ​​covering structure due to uneven stress. When the stent middle segment 120 includes a second stent 122, the second stent 122 can be integrally connected to the first stent 111 in the stent anterior segment 110 and the stent posterior segment 130, or it can be separately disposed from the first stent 111. An integral connection is preferred, as it facilitates manufacturing. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this aspect.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first coating 112 and / or the second coating 121 are provided with imaging points. The imaging material of the imaging points can be a platinum-iridium alloy imaging material or a tantalum imaging material. The imaging points make the blood shunt 100 more clearly visible under the image, which helps the doctor to accurately position the blood shunt 100 to the target location. At the same time, the doctor can also use the imaging points to detect the state of the blood shunt 100 in the blood vessel and determine whether it has been displaced or deformed, which helps the doctor to detect and correct it in time.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 The blood shunt 100 may also include a reinforcing rib 150, which connects the front section 110 and the rear section 130 of the stent. For example, the reinforcing rib 150 may be a metal wire, which may extend linearly along the axial direction of the blood shunt 100, or extend along the axial direction of the blood shunt 100 while obliquely pulling the front section 110 and the rear section 130 of the stent, or extend spirally along the axial direction of the blood shunt 100. This application does not impose specific limitations on this. As a bridge connecting the front section 110 and the rear section 130 of the stent, the reinforcing rib 150 allows the blood shunt 100 to undergo adaptive deformation, while helping to prevent the blood shunt 100 from undergoing axial deformation or displacement under the action of blood flow or other external forces. This prevents the blood shunt 100 from being shortened, affecting the actual release length, and also prevents the blood shunt 100 from bending, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the blood shunt 100 during long-term placement.

[0046] For further technical solutions, please refer to Figure 6A diaphragm 113 is provided in the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 of the stent, respectively. The diaphragm 113 is used to divide the portion of the guide lumen 140 distributed in the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 of the stent into shunt regions corresponding to the shunt channel 141. Blood entering the blood shunt 100 first flows through the shunt region in the anterior segment 110 before flowing into the shunt channel 141 in the middle segment 120 of the stent. On the one hand, the pre-shunt by the diaphragm 113 helps to reduce the turbulence and eddies of blood at the connection between the anterior segment 110 and the middle segment 120 of the stent, thereby reducing the risk of thrombosis and improving hemodynamic performance. On the other hand, the shunt effect of the diaphragm 113 allows each shunt region to be individually connected to other blood shunts 100, enabling multi-stage shunt of blood within the main vascular trunk 300 according to the actual application scenario. It is understood that the cross-sectional dimensions of the shunt regions formed by the diaphragm 113 can be the same or different, depending on the cross-sectional dimensions of the vascular branch 400, and this application does not impose any specific restrictions on this.

[0047] In this embodiment, the length of the anterior segment 110 is 2cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the anterior segment 110 is 10mm to 30mm; the length of the middle segment 120 is 1cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the shunt channel 141 is 5mm to 15mm; the length of the posterior segment 130 is 2cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the posterior segment 130 is 10mm to 30mm. This dimensional design allows for adaptation to most blood vessels in the human body and enhances the anchoring effect of the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 to the inner wall of the blood vessel. It is understood that the dimensions of the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 can be consistent, and the diameter of the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 should be greater than or equal to twice the diameter of the shunt channel 141.

[0048] In a further technical solution, a first transition section is provided between the anterior segment 110 and the middle segment 120 of the stent, and a second transition section is provided between the middle segment 120 and the posterior segment 130 of the stent. Along the direction of blood flow, the first transition section is constricted and the second transition section is flared. Through the design of the first and second transition sections, the formation of turbulence at the connection between the anterior segment 110 and the middle segment 120 of the stent can be suppressed, reducing the risk of vascular endothelial injury.

[0049] This application also discloses a vascular stent assembly, which includes at least two branch stents 200 and the aforementioned blood shunt 100. The branch stents 200 correspond to the shunt channel 141, with one end of the branch stent 200 connected to the shunt channel 141 and the other end of the branch stent 200 extending into the vascular branch 400.

[0050] Please see Figures 7-10In practical applications, the blood shunt device 100 of this application embodiment can be used with the following steps:

[0051] S100. Under the guidance of imaging equipment, the guidewire is inserted into the blood vessel through the vascular access. The guidewire serves as a pathfinder and guide, ensuring that the subsequently implanted blood shunt 100 can accurately reach the target location. Figure 7 As shown;

[0052] S200: The blood shunt 100 is compressed and placed in the delivery device. Guided by the guidewire 500, the delivery device 600 is delivered to the target vascular branch 400, and the blood shunt 100 inside the delivery device 600 is pushed out. At this time, the shunt channel 141 corresponds to the vascular branch 400. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown;

[0053] S300: The branch stent 200 is compressed and placed in the delivery device 600. Guided by the guidewire 500, the branch stent 200 is delivered to the target position. The branch stent 200 is then released, anchoring one end of the branch stent 200 within the shunt channel 141, while the other end extends into the vascular branch 400. Figure 10 As shown.

[0054] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, since the anterior segment 110 and the posterior segment 130 of the stent have the same structure, there is no need to consider the directionality of the blood shunt 100 implantation when placing the blood shunt 100, which greatly facilitates the doctor's operation.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0056] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blood shunt device, characterized in that, The blood shunt (100) includes a stent front section (110), a stent middle section (120), and a stent rear section (130) connected in sequence, and the blood shunt (100) has a guide lumen (140) extending through it along its axial direction; wherein: The cross-sectional dimensions of the front section (110) and the rear section (130) of the stent are both larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the middle section (120) of the stent, and the guide cavity (140) has at least two diversion channels (141) in the middle section (120) of the stent, the diversion channels (141) connecting the front section (110) and the rear section (130) of the stent. A diaphragm (113) is provided in the front section (110) and the rear section (130) of the stent respectively. The diaphragm (113) is used to divide the portion of the guide cavity (140) distributed in the front section (110) and the rear section (130) of the stent into a diversion area corresponding to the diversion channel (141).

2. The blood shunt device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the front section (110) and the rear section (130) of the stent include a first stent (111) and a first covering film (112). The first stent (111) is a mesh tube structure or a crown structure, and the first covering film (112) is attached to the outside or inside of the first stent (111).

3. The blood shunt device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The middle section (120) of the stent includes at least two second membranes (121), the second membranes (121) having a cylindrical structure to form the diversion channel (141), and the two ends of the second membranes (121) connecting the front section (110) of the stent and the rear section (130) of the stent.

4. The blood shunt device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The middle section (120) of the bracket also includes a second bracket (122), and the second cover (121) is attached to the outside or inside of the second bracket (122).

5. The blood shunt device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first support (111) and / or the second support (122) are structural components made of nickel-titanium or cobalt-chromium materials; the first coating (112) and / or the second coating (121) are structural components made of PET or ePTFE materials.

6. The blood shunt device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first coating (112) and / or the second coating (121) are provided with developing points.

7. The blood shunt device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a reinforcing rib (150) that connects the front section (110) and the rear section (130) of the support.

8. The blood shunt device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The length of the front section (110) of the bracket is 2cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the front section (110) of the bracket is 10mm to 30mm. And / or, the length of the middle section (120) of the bracket is 1cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the diversion channel (141) is 5mm to 15mm; And / or, the length of the rear section (130) of the bracket is 2cm to 5cm, and the diameter of the rear section (130) of the bracket is 10mm to 30mm.

9. A vascular stent assembly, characterized in that, It includes at least two branch stents (200) and a blood shunt device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the branch stents (200) correspond to the shunt channel (141), one end of the branch stents (200) is connected to the shunt channel (141), and the other end of the branch stents (200) extends into the branch blood vessel.

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