Equal-edge-width combined groove type fast feed milling cutter blade

Abstract

The invention discloses an equal-edge-width combined groove type fast feed milling cutter blade which comprises a cutter blade body, the cutter blade body comprises a front cutter face, a rear cutter face, a mounting face and an edge strip, four cutter blade cutting edges are arranged on the periphery of the front cutter face, each cutter blade cutting edge comprises a main cutting edge and a sleeking edge arranged at one end of the main cutting edge, and the sleeking edge is arranged at the other end of the main cutting edge. The edge belt comprises a main cutting edge flat edge belt and a main cutting edge negative chamfering edge belt, the edge belt angle of the main cutting edge flat edge belt is 0 degree, the edge belt angle of the main cutting edge negative chamfering edge belt is a negative value, the main cutting edge flat edge belt is in transition connection with the main cutting edge negative chamfering edge belt through a curved surface, and the main cutting edge negative chamfering edge belt is in transition connection with the main cutting edge flat edge belt. And the main cutting edge flat edge belt and the main cutting edge negative chamfering edge belt are equal in width, so that an equal-edge-width structure is formed. The problem that the cutting edge strength and the cutting resistance of a traditional milling blade cannot be dynamically matched under different cutting depths is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of milling cutters, and particularly relates to a fast-feed milling insert with an equal-edge-width combined groove profile. Background Art

[0002] Milling cutters are commonly used cutting tools in machining. With the development of machining manufacturing technology, the demand for the efficiency of rough milling is increasing day by day. Therefore, fast-feed milling inserts with a large metal removal rate are widely used in machining industries such as aerospace and automotive molds. A fast-feed milling cutter is a tool designed for high-speed and large-feed cutting. Through the optimization of the main cutting edge angle and the design of a multi-edge structure, it achieves a balance between low cutting resistance and high material removal rate, and is suitable for rough machining and semi-finishing scenarios. Its core goal is to improve efficiency while maintaining machining stability.

[0003] The main cutting edge groove profile design of traditional fast-feed milling inserts (such as positive-edge land, negative chamfer, flat edge land, etc.) has the problem that the edge strength and cutting resistance cannot be dynamically adapted when dealing with different cutting depths. Specifically, in the case of small cutting depths (less than 0.5 mm), although the traditional sharp groove profile (such as flat edge land) has low cutting resistance, the edge strength is insufficient and the insert is prone to wear; in the case of large cutting depths (greater than 0.5 mm), although the traditional blunt groove profile design (such as negative chamfer) has high strength, the cutting resistance is large, which affects the machining efficiency of the workpiece. And the existing solutions (such as variable-width edge land) adjust the strength by continuously changing the edge width, but the structure is complex and the manufacturing accuracy requirements are high, making it difficult to balance the requirements of light and fast cutting and high strength.

[0004] The patent with the publication number CN113263212A discloses a fast-feed milling cutter insert, including an insert body; the contour projection of the insert body is in the shape of a quadrilateral; the insert body has an upper surface, a bottom surface and a side surface; the intersection of the upper surface and the side surface of the four sides of the insert body forms the main cutting edge of the milling cutter insert, and adjacent main cutting edges are transitioned by a fillet at the corner of the insert body to form a tool tip, and a fillet cutting edge is provided at the tool tip; the upper surface of the insert body extends from the cutting edge towards the center to be provided with a rake face, a concave curved surface and a positioning surface; the width of the edge land surface at the corner of the insert body is enclosed by the outer arc formed by the contour line at the fillet transition and a preset inner arc, and the radius of the inner arc is greater than the radius of the outer arc; when looking from the main cutting edge towards the tool tip in the counterclockwise direction, the width of the edge land surface at the corner first increases and then decreases. Although the negative angle (-30° to -5°) of the edge plane improves the stress distribution and tool tip strength, a large negative angle will reduce the cutting sharpness, resulting in an increase in cutting force, thereby affecting the machining efficiency, and the design of variable edge width and variable rake angle has high requirements for the machining process of the insert. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention mainly aims at the problem that in the prior art, the groove profiles of the main cutting edges of traditional high-feed milling inserts, such as positive-edge land, negative chamfer, flat land, etc., cannot dynamically adapt the edge strength and cutting resistance when dealing with different cutting depths, and proposes a high-feed milling insert with an equal-edge-width combined groove profile.

[0006] A high-feed milling insert with an equal-edge-width combined groove profile, including a blade body, the blade body includes a rake face, a flank face, a mounting face and a land, four blade cutting edges are arranged around the rake face, each blade cutting edge includes a main cutting edge and a finishing edge arranged at one end of the main cutting edge, and adjacent two blade cutting edges are connected by a nose radius transition, the main cutting edge and the finishing edge are formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, and the mounting face is arranged opposite to the main cutting edge; a plurality of grooves and protrusions are arranged on the rake face, and the grooves and protrusions are arranged alternately on the rake face;

[0007] The land includes a main cutting edge flat land and a main cutting edge negative chamfer land. Among them, the land angle of the main cutting edge flat land is 0°, the land angle of the main cutting edge negative chamfer land is negative, the main cutting edge flat land and the main cutting edge negative chamfer land are connected by a curved surface transition, and the widths of the main cutting edge flat land and the main cutting edge negative chamfer land are equal, forming an equal-edge-width structure. The above land angle represents the angle between the plane where the land is located and the mounting face (the mounting face is used as the reference plane), and a negative land angle means that the plane where the land is located is inclined in the opposite direction to the rake face.

[0008] Further, the contour projection of the blade body is in the shape of a quadrilateral, and a screw hole is provided at the center of the blade body.

[0009] Further, the protrusion is a rib structure, and the groove is in the shape of a water drop.

[0010] Further, the main cutting edge has a main cutting edge angle of 8° to 10°. The above main cutting edge angle is the angle between the projection of the main cutting edge and the feed motion direction in the base plane of the tool (the plane perpendicular to the feed direction).

[0011] Further, the main cutting edge is a straight edge, and the finishing edge is an arc edge.

[0012] Further, the width of the main cutting edge flat land is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

[0013] Further, the widths of both the main cutting edge flat land and the main cutting edge negative chamfer land are 0.15 mm.

[0014] Further, the main cutting edge flat land is parallel to the mounting face, and the angle between the main cutting edge negative chamfer land and the mounting face is -8° to -12°.

[0015] Furthermore, the flat land of the main cutting edge is applicable to light cutting conditions where the cutting depth of the insert is less than 0.5 mm, and the negative chamfer land of the main cutting edge is applicable to heavy cutting conditions where the cutting depth of the insert is greater than 0.5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the rake face is inclined along the inside of the insert body, and the angle between the rake face and the mounting face is 13°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention includes an insert body, which includes a rake face, a flank face, a mounting face, and a land. The main cutting edge and the finishing edge are formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face. The land includes a flat land of the main cutting edge and a negative chamfer land of the main cutting edge. Among them, the land angle of the flat land of the main cutting edge is 0°, the land angle of the negative chamfer land of the main cutting edge is negative. The flat land of the main cutting edge and the negative chamfer land of the main cutting edge are connected by a curved surface transition, and the widths of the flat land of the main cutting edge and the negative chamfer land of the main cutting edge are equal, forming an equal land width structure. When the cutting depth is less than 0.5 mm, the flat land of the main cutting edge (0° land angle) is used to provide a sharp cutting edge, reduce the cutting resistance, reduce the cutting heat and vibration, be applicable to light and fast cutting, and improve the surface machining quality and machining efficiency; when the cutting depth is greater than 0.5 mm, switch to a negative angle land (-8° to -12° land angle) to enhance the edge strength, resist the impact of large cutting forces, avoid chipping or wear, and extend the tool life.

[0019] 2. The overall width of the main cutting edge of the present invention remains fixed (such as 0.15 mm), and the functional partition is realized only by adjusting the land angle, avoiding the complex machining processes (such as continuous land width gradient change) required for traditional variable width lands.

[0020] 3. Through the segmented groove design, the present invention can adapt to the machining requirements of various materials such as steel, titanium alloy, and superalloy, and take into account both light cutting and heavy cutting scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fast-feed milling insert with an equal land width combined groove type;

[0022] Figure 2 is a top view of a fast-feed milling insert with an equal land width combined groove type;

[0023] Figure 3 is a side view of a fast-feed milling insert with an equal land width combined groove type;

[0024] Figure 4 is a K-K cross-sectional view of a fast-feed milling insert with an equal land width combined groove type;

[0025] Figure 5It is an L-L sectional view of a high-feed milling insert with an equal-edge-width combined groove type.

[0026] In the above figure, 1. major cutting edge; 2. finishing edge; 3. rake face; 4. flank face; 5. nose radius; 6. flat land of major cutting edge; 7. negative chamfer land of major cutting edge; 8. groove; 9. convex groove; 10. curved surface; 11. screw hole; 12. mounting surface; α. principal cutting edge angle; β. angle between rake face and mounting surface; γ. angle between negative chamfer land of major cutting edge and horizontal; L. land width; D. depth of cut. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] To clearly illustrate the technical features of the solution of this invention application, the present invention will be elaborated in detail below through specific implementation manners and in combination with its accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] In addition, in the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "couple", "fix", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a high-feed milling insert with an equal-edge-width combined groove type includes an insert body. The insert body includes a rake face 3, a flank face 4, a mounting face 12, and a land. Four cutting edges of the insert are provided around the rake face 3. Each cutting edge of the insert includes a main cutting edge 1 and a finishing edge 2 provided at one end of the main cutting edge 1. Adjacent cutting edges of the insert are transitionally connected through a corner radius 5. The main cutting edge 1 and the finishing edge 2 are formed by the intersection of the rake face 3 and the flank face 4. The mounting face 12 is disposed opposite to the main cutting edge 1. A plurality of grooves 8 and protrusions 9 are provided on the rake face 3. The grooves 8 and the protrusions 9 are arranged alternately on the rake face 3.

[0034] The land includes a main cutting edge flat land 6 and a main cutting edge negative chamfer land 7. Among them, the land angle of the main cutting edge flat land 6 is 0°, the land angle of the main cutting edge negative chamfer land 7 is negative. The main cutting edge flat land 6 and the main cutting edge negative chamfer land 7 are transitionally connected through a curved surface 10, and the widths of the main cutting edge flat land 6 and the main cutting edge negative chamfer land 7 are equal, forming an equal-edge-width structure.

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer contour projection of the insert body is a quadrilateral structure, and the insert body is axially symmetric about its center. As Figure 1 And Figure 3 shown, the main cutting edge 1 is a straight edge, the finishing edge 2 is an arc edge, and adjacent cutting edges are transitionally connected through a corner radius 5.

[0036] As Figure 4 And Figure 5As shown in the figure, the included angle β between the rake face 3 and the mounting surface is 13°. In the flat edge band area of the blade body, the edge band angle of the main cutting edge flat edge band 6 is 0°, the main cutting edge flat edge band 6 is parallel to the mounting surface, and the width L of the main cutting edge flat edge band 6 is 0.15 mm. It is suitable for light cutting with a cutting depth D ≤ 0.5 mm, such as finishing aluminum alloy and other working conditions. The cutting resistance is small, and the machining quality and efficiency of the parts are improved. In the negative angle edge band area of the blade body, the width L of the main cutting edge negative chamfer edge band 7 is 0.15 mm, and the included angle γ between the main cutting edge negative chamfer edge band 7 and the mounting surface is -10°. It is suitable for heavy cutting with a cutting depth D > 0.5 mm, such as rough machining of steel parts. It enhances the edge strength, resists the impact of large cutting forces, avoids chipping or wear, and extends the tool life. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the main cutting edge flat edge band 6 and the main cutting edge negative chamfer edge band 7 are connected by a smooth curved surface transition. The length of the transition section is 0.08 mm, which avoids stress concentration, ensures the smooth transmission of cutting force, and reduces vibration.

[0037] In this embodiment, the blade body is made of cemented carbide and is coated with a TiAlN wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 3 μm.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, the main cutting edge has a main deflection angle α of 9°, which optimizes the cutting force direction and improves the machining stability. The present invention is formed by a precision grinding process, and the tolerance of the edge band angle is controlled within ±0.3°. A screw hole 11 is provided at the center of the blade body, and the blade is fixed to the high-feed milling cutter head through a wedge locking mechanism.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a high-feed milling blade with an equal-edge-width combined groove type includes a blade body. The blade body includes a rake face 3, a flank face 4, a mounting surface 12, and an edge band. Four blade cutting edges are provided around the rake face 3. Each blade cutting edge includes a main cutting edge 1 and a finishing edge 2 provided at one end of the main cutting edge 1. Adjacent two blade cutting edges are connected by a nose radius 5 for transition. The main cutting edge 1 and the finishing edge 2 are formed by the intersection of the rake face 3 and the flank face 4. The mounting surface 12 is disposed opposite to the main cutting edge 1. A plurality of grooves 8 and protrusions 9 are provided on the rake face 3, and the grooves 8 and the protrusions 9 are arranged alternately on the rake face 3.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, flat land area: The land angle of the flat land 6 of the main cutting edge is 0°, and the land width L is 0.1 mm (ultra-fine cutting edge), which is suitable for ultra-precision machining with a cutting depth D ≤ 0.5 mm, such as die surface polishing. Negative land area: The included angle γ between the negative chamfer land 7 of the main cutting edge and the mounting surface is -8°, and the land width L is 0.1 mm, which is suitable for medium-load machining with a cutting depth D > 0.5 mm, such as stainless steel slot milling. A smooth curve is used for the transition between the two lands, and the length of the transition section is 0.05 mm to ensure no sudden change in the cutting force.

[0042] In this embodiment, the main cutting edge angle α is set to 8°, which further reduces the radial cutting force and improves the surface finish. As Figure 1 with Figure 2 shown, multiple groups of grooves 8 and protrusions 9 are evenly arranged around the blade body. The grooves 8 and protrusions 9 are arranged alternately and symmetrically. The groove 8 has a water-drop shape structure, which is used to reduce the contact area and lower the cutting heat. The protrusion 9 has a rib structure, which is used to increase the strength of the chip flute.

[0043] The blade in this embodiment is processed by a five-axis linkage grinding machine. The tolerance of the land angle is ±0.2°, and the surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.1 μm. It is mainly aimed at high-value-added fields such as aerospace precision parts and medical devices to achieve a mirror finish (Ra ≤ 0.4 μm) and reduce subsequent polishing processes.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a fast-feed milling blade with an equal land width combined groove type includes a blade body. The blade body includes a rake face 3, a flank face 4, a mounting surface 12 and a land. Four blade cutting edges are provided around the rake face 3. Each blade cutting edge includes a main cutting edge 1 and a finishing edge 2 provided at one end of the main cutting edge 1. The adjacent two blade cutting edges are connected by a nose radius 5 for transition. The main cutting edge 1 and the finishing edge 2 are formed by the intersection of the rake face 3 and the flank face 4. The mounting surface 12 is arranged opposite to the main cutting edge 1; Multiple grooves 8 and protrusions 9 are provided on the rake face 3. The grooves 8 and protrusions 9 are arranged alternately on the rake face 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 with Figure 5 shown, flat land area: The land angle of the flat land 6 of the main cutting edge is 0°, and the land width L is 0.2 mm, which is suitable for light cutting with a cutting depth D ≤ 0.5 mm (such as roughing of Inconel 718). Negative land area: The included angle γ between the negative chamfer land 7 of the main cutting edge and the mounting surface is -12°, and the land width L is 0.2 mm, which is suitable for heavy-duty machining with a cutting depth D > 0.5 mm (such as deep slot milling of nickel-based superalloys).

[0047] The main cutting edge angle α is set to 10° to enhance the tool rigidity and resist the high cutting resistance of superalloys. Micro cooling channels are designed inside the insert (through laser drilling process), which cooperate with the external high-pressure cooling system to reduce the cutting temperature. The insert is installed by a hydraulic clamping mechanism to ensure the insert stability under heavy load conditions and prevent chipping caused by vibration.

[0048] The insert in this embodiment is mainly applicable to heavy-duty machining scenarios of superalloys such as aeroengine blades and gas turbine components.

[0049] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove, characterized in that: The blade body comprises a rake face, a flank face, a mounting surface and a margin, four blade cutting edges are arranged around the rake face, each blade cutting edge comprises a main cutting edge and a wiper edge arranged at one end of the main cutting edge, two adjacent blade cutting edges are connected by a tip fillet transition, the main cutting edge and the wiper edge are formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, and the mounting surface is arranged opposite to the main cutting edge; a plurality of grooves and convex grooves are arranged on the rake face, and the grooves and convex grooves are alternately arranged on the rake face; The blade band includes a flat blade band of a main cutting edge and a negative chamfered blade band of a main cutting edge, wherein the blade angle of the flat blade band of the main cutting edge is 0°, the blade angle of the negative chamfered blade band of the main cutting edge is a negative value, the flat blade band of the main cutting edge and the negative chamfered blade band of the main cutting edge are connected by a curved surface transition, and the widths of the flat blade band of the main cutting edge and the negative chamfered blade band of the main cutting edge are equal, forming an equal blade width structure.

2. A fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outline projection of the blade body is a quadrilateral shape, and a screw hole is arranged at the center of the blade body.

3. The fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convex groove is a reinforcing rib structure, and the concave groove is in the shape of a water drop.

4. The fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main rake angle of the main cutting edge is 8° to 10°.

5. The fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main cutting edge is a straight edge, and the wiper edge is a curved edge.

6. The fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the main cutting flat edge zone is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

7. A fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the main cutting edge flat edge band and the main cutting edge negative chamfer edge band are both 0.15 mm.

8. The fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat edge band of the main cutting edge is parallel to the mounting surface, and the angle between the negative chamfered edge band of the main cutting edge and the mounting surface is -8° to -12°.

9. A fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flat edge band of the main cutting edge is suitable for light cutting conditions where the cutting depth of the blade is less than 0.5 mm, and the negative chamfered edge band of the main cutting edge is suitable for heavy cutting conditions where the cutting depth of the blade is greater than 0.5 mm.

10. The fast feed milling insert with equal blade width and combined groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front cutting surface is inclined along the inside of the blade body, and the angle between the front cutting surface and the mounting surface is 13°.

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