Electric hammer with protective structure and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric hammer equipment, in particular to an electric hammer with a protection structure and a using method.The electric hammer comprises a front cover, a middle cover and a drill bit, the drill bit and the middle cover are arranged at the two ends of the front cover respectively, an output shaft for supporting the drill bit is arranged in the middle of the front cover, and the other end of the output shaft is connected with a transmission shaft; and two sets of side shafts in transmission connection with the transmission shaft and the swing disc are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side in the middle cover, and the side shafts are used for pulling the swing disc to transversely swing in a reciprocating mode. The ejector block in the guide groove of the swing disc is matched with the stepped groove of the rotating ring, the first stepped groove pushes the output shaft to move forwards in the initial stage, a semi-combination state is formed during retreating, and offset is reduced; the spring jacks the jacking block to switch step-by-step meshing of the stepped groove, and finally the lock pin is clamped into the lock hole to complete hard connection, so that idle stroke errors are eliminated; the taper sleeve compresses the compression spring along with the drilling depth to close the opening and closing cover for dust prevention, the spring resets to automatically open the cover during drilling retreating, and visibility and dust blocking are synchronously guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric hammer devices, and particularly to an electric hammer with a protection structure and a usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] An electric hammer is a multi-functional power tool. Its core function is to achieve efficient drilling and light demolition of hard materials such as concrete, masonry, and natural stone through rotational and impact compound motions. Typical applications include: drilling expansion bolt holes, chiseling water and electricity pipeline grooves, fixing curtain wall keels or performing rebar planting operations during building decoration, adapting to scenarios such as installing shelving in homes and drilling through beams in projects. Due to the special structure of the electric hammer, compared with an electric drill, to achieve a faster impact drilling function, its main function is to add an impact action while drilling. However, since its impact action is achieved by the rapid reciprocation of the drill bit, during the initial drilling positioning process, when the drill bit abuts against the drilling point, when the drill bit starts to rotate and reciprocate, the retraction action will cause the drill bit to temporarily disengage and shift from the pressing and positioning point, thereby causing instantaneous slippage between the drill bit and the surface of the drilling material. Especially on the surface of smooth materials, the amplitude of the drill bit's retraction and jump is more obvious, resulting in an empty stroke where the contact surface is periodically disengaged in the early stage of drilling, causing positioning deviation. Therefore, it is necessary for the operator to constantly check whether the drill bit is aligned with the drilling point, and thus it is impossible to install a covering protection structure such as a dust cover, making it inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric hammer with a protection structure and a usage method to solve the above problems. The top block in the guiding groove of the swing plate cooperates with the stepped groove of the rotating ring. In the initial stage, the first stepped groove pushes the output shaft forward, and a semi-coupled state is formed during retraction to reduce deviation; the spring presses the top block to gradually switch the engagement of the stepped grooves, and finally the locking pin is inserted into the locking hole to complete the hard connection, eliminating the empty stroke error; the tapered sleeve compresses the compression spring to close the opening and closing cover for dust prevention as the drilling depth increases, and the spring resets to automatically open the cover when retracting the drill, synchronously ensuring visibility and dust blocking, as described in detail below.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] An electric hammer with a protection structure provided by the present invention includes a front cover, a middle cover, and a drill bit. The drill bit and the middle cover are respectively located at both ends of the front cover. The middle part of the front cover is provided with an output shaft that supports the drill bit, and the other end of the output shaft is connected to a transmission shaft. It also includes a swing plate coaxially sleeved outside the output shaft. On the front and back sides inside the middle cover, two groups of side shafts are symmetrically arranged to transmit and connect the transmission shaft and the swing plate. The side shafts are used to pull the swing plate to swing horizontally back and forth;

[0006] A rotating ring is rotatably sleeved outside the output shaft. The swing plate is in clearance fit with the rotating ring. A plurality of guiding grooves extending radially are arranged around the inner side of the swing plate. A top block is slidably arranged in each group of guiding grooves. A stepped groove for clamping the outer circumferential side of the rotating ring is arranged on the side of the top block close to the axis of the swing plate. An accommodating groove with an internal spring is arranged on the outer side of each of the plurality of top blocks. The spring is used to keep the stepped groove side of the top block tightly abutted against the rotating ring.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of traction holes corresponding to and communicating with the guiding grooves are arranged on the outer circumferential side of the swing plate. A traction rope penetrating through the traction hole is fixed in the accommodating groove inside the spring. An adjusting ring is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the swing plate. The outer ends of the plurality of traction ropes are fixed to the inner wall of the adjusting ring. The adjusting ring is used to rotate and pull the plurality of traction ropes to drive the plurality of top blocks to synchronously slide outwards along the guiding grooves.

[0008] Preferably, auxiliary grooves slidably adapted to the guiding grooves are arranged on both outer sides of the top block. The stepped groove includes a plurality of stepped blocks distributed in a stepped and inclined manner. A locking pin is fixed in the middle of the uppermost group of stepped blocks. A locking hole for accommodating the insertion and locking of the locking pin is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating ring.

[0009] Preferably, two retaining edges are fixed on the outer circumference of the output shaft and are arranged on both sides of the rotating ring. The retaining edges are used to mount thrust bearings for supporting the rotation of the rotating ring. Operation ports are vertically penetrated through the upper and lower sides of the middle cover, and rotation holes for supporting the rotation of the side shaft are vertically penetrated through the front and rear sides of the middle cover. A tail cover for supporting the rotation of the transmission shaft is arranged on the side of the middle cover away from the front cover. Support suspension rods for horizontally fixedly connecting the middle cover and the front cover are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the end face of the tail cover. Support suspension ears extending vertically are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the swing plate. The support suspension ears are in horizontal sliding fit with the support suspension rods.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating ear is arranged at one end of the swing plate close to the side shaft. A connecting groove extending horizontally is arranged at one end of the output shaft away from the drill bit. A connecting rod horizontally penetrating into the connecting groove is fixed at the end of the transmission shaft. The longitudinal section of the connecting rod and the connecting groove is a regular polygon with horizontal sliding fit. The horizontal sliding of the connecting rod and the connecting groove forms a transmission mechanism for the transmission shaft to drive the output shaft to rotate. A transmission gear is coaxially fixed in the middle section of the transmission shaft. A side gear meshing with the transmission gear is fixed at the end of the side shaft. An eccentric position on the end face of the side gear is rotatably connected with a swing arm. The other end of the swing arm is connected with the swing plate through the rotating ear.

[0011] Preferably, a drive shaft is rotatably arranged inside the tail cover below the transmission shaft. A drive motor is fixed outside the tail cover. The output end of the drive motor extends into the tail cover and is fixed with a motor gear. A drive gear and an intermediate gear are coaxially fixed outside the drive shaft. The drive gear meshes with the motor gear, and the intermediate gear meshes with the transmission gear.

[0012] Preferably, a protective frame extending to the outside of the drill bit is fixed outside the front cover. The protective frame includes a fixed ring fixed to the end face of the front cover and having an inner diameter larger than the overall diameter of the drill bit. A slide rod horizontally penetrates through the outside of the fixed ring. The outer end of the slide rod is fixed with a tapered sleeve into which the end of the drill bit coaxially extends. An observation port vertically penetrates through the top side of the tapered sleeve. A compression spring that abuts against the end face of the fixed ring is sleeved outside the slide rod.

[0013] Preferably, the slide rod and the fixed ring are in clearance fit. An opening and closing cover for closing the observation port is arranged above the tapered sleeve. The outer side of the bottom edge of the opening and closing cover is fixed with a rotating part hinged to the tapered sleeve. A pull rope is connected to the top side of the opening and closing cover. A positioning hook is fixed to the top side of the fixed ring. The other end of the pull rope is hooked to the outside of the positioning hook to pull the opening and closing cover to open upward.

[0014] Preferably, an upper handle is arranged above the tail cover. The bottom end of the upper handle is fixed with a disassembly and assembly rod extending vertically. A frame-shaped limiting seat is fixed to the top side of the tail cover. A disassembly and assembly sleeve for vertically receiving the disassembly and assembly rod is fixed to the top side of the limiting seat. The disassembly and assembly rod penetrates into the limiting seat. A disassembly and assembly nut for preventing the disassembly and assembly rod from disengaging from the limiting seat is in threaded fit with the bottom end of the disassembly and assembly rod. A side handle is detachably connected to the outside of the middle cover.

[0015] The usage method of the electric hammer with a protective structure includes the following steps:

[0016] a. Impact drilling positioning for a set area: Hold the upper handle and the side handle respectively, and press the drill bit against the required drilling point. At this time, the outer end face of the tapered sleeve is flat against the surface of the drilling position, and the pre-positioning action is completed;

[0017] b. Rotation action of the drill bit: Drive the drive shaft to rotate through the drive motor, and drive the transmission shaft to continuously rotate by using the intermediate gear of the drive shaft. Since the connecting rod at the end of the transmission shaft and the connecting groove of the output shaft are in transverse sliding fit, the rotational power of the transmission shaft is synchronously transmitted to the output shaft, realizing the rotational drilling action of the output shaft driving the drill bit;

[0018] c. Synchronous transverse reciprocating impact action of the drill bit: the transmission gear of the transmission shaft drives the side gear to rotate, and the side gear drives the swing arm connected to the eccentric part to swing transversely under the support of the side shaft, so that the swing arm pulls the swing plate to realize the transverse reciprocating swing process under the transverse constraint of the support rod, and the step groove of the top block is used as the transverse transmission component of the swing plate and the rotating ring on the output shaft. The innermost group of step blocks in the step groove is the first group and counted outward. The first group of step grooves is pressed against the end face of the rotating ring in the initial state, and the swing plate moves in the direction of the front cover as the forward movement. The stroke is the return stroke of the swing plate toward the rear cover. When the swing plate drives the top block to push the rotating ring toward the front cover by using the first set of step grooves, the rotating ring drives the output shaft in a rotating state to support the drill bit to impact and drill into the drilling position. The first forward stroke is completed, and then the swing arm pulls the swing plate back. The drill bit is subjected to the friction of the hole wall when drilling into the drilling area. The drill bit is in a stationary state during the first return stroke of the swing plate. That is, at this time, the first set of step blocks retreats, while the rotating ring does not retreat, and the swing plate and the output shaft are in a semi-coupled state of transmission;

[0019] d. When the first group of step blocks in the step groove retreats to the rotating ring that is offset from the output shaft, the supporting force of the outer circumference of the rotating ring on the first group of step blocks disappears, and the spring on the outside of the top block presses the top block to slide along the guide groove toward the axial direction, and the second group of step blocks is tightly clamped to the outside of the rotating ring that has not retreated. The first retreat stroke is completed and the second forward stroke is started. At this time, the multiple second groups of step blocks clamped to the outside of the rotating ring are used to impact drill the rotating output shaft and the drill bit. According to the above steps, when the last group of step blocks slides along the guide groove and abuts against the outside of the rotating ring during the retreat stroke, the locking pin of this group of step blocks is clamped into the locking hole of the rotating ring to complete the hard connection action between the step groove of the transmission component on the inner side of the swing disk and the rotating ring of the transmission component on the outer side of the output shaft. After that, the forward stroke and retreat stroke of the output shaft and the swing disk are kept synchronous, completing the step-by-step impact drilling action of the drill bit in the initial stage of drilling;

[0020] e. When the drill bit drills into the drilling area, the distance between the cone sleeve and the front cover gradually decreases, the compression spring is compressed, and the pull rope for tightening the opening and closing cover gradually loosens, and the opening and closing cover is released from the tension state, and then the opening and closing cover is automatically closed after the drill bit drills into the drilling area. When the drill bit is withdrawn from the drilling area, the compression spring pushes the cone sleeve to reset, and the distance between the cone sleeve and the positioning hook is expanded again, so as to tighten the pull rope and automatically open the opening and closing cover, so as to facilitate the checking of the drilling position.

[0021] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The present invention ensures the accuracy of drilling positioning by semi-combining the impact transmission position. A plurality of guide grooves extending radially are provided on the swinging disk, and a top block is slidably arranged in the groove. The step groove of the top block close to the side of the swinging disk axis cooperates with the rotating ring on the outside of the output shaft to form a staged impact structure. In the initial stage of drilling, when the swinging disk drives the top block to push the rotating ring toward the front cover using the first set of step grooves, the rotating ring drives the output shaft in a rotating state to support the drill bit to impact and drill into the drilling position; when the swinging disk retracts, due to the friction of the hole wall when the drill bit drills into the drilling area, the first set of step blocks retracts while the rotating ring does not retract, and the swinging disk and the output shaft are in a semi-combined transmission state;

[0022] 2. After the drilling positioning point is drilled, the transmission hard connection is realized. When the first set of step blocks retreats to the offset rotating ring, the spring presses the top block to slide along the guide groove toward the axial direction, so that the second set of step blocks is tightly clamped to the outside of the rotating ring. In this way, step by step, when the last set of step blocks slides along the guide groove and abuts against the outside of the rotating ring during the retreat stroke, the locking pin is clamped into the locking hole of the rotating ring, completing the hard connection between the swing plate and the output shaft. At this time, the swing plate, the output shaft and the drill bit realize synchronous lateral sliding reciprocating impact action to solve the positioning offset problem;

[0023] 3. To ensure the dustproof of the electric hammer and improve the drilling positioning accuracy, the protective frame fixed on the outside of the front cover includes a fixing ring, a slide rod, a cone sleeve and a compression spring. The cone sleeve accommodates the end of the drill bit to extend coaxially. When the drill bit drills into the drilling area, the distance between the cone sleeve and the front cover gradually decreases, the compression spring set on the outside of the slide rod is compressed, and the pull rope for tightening the opening and closing cover gradually loosens. The opening and closing cover automatically closes after the tension is released to prevent dust from flying out. When the drill bit is withdrawn from the drilling area, the spring pushes the cone sleeve to reset, and the distance between the cone sleeve and the positioning hook is expanded again. The pull rope is tightened to automatically open the opening and closing cover, which is convenient for the operator to check the drilling position and achieves a good balance between dustproof and visibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a main structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the front cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tail cover of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention in another direction;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the output shaft of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the swing plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the top block of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the output shaft of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the side shaft of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 is a left view structural diagram of the middle cover of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 is the present invention Figure 13 structural cross-sectional view at A-A of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 is the present invention Figure 14 structural enlarged view at B of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals is as follows:

[0041] 1. Front cover; 101. Sliding hole; 102. Side hole; 2. Middle cover; 201. Operation port; 202. Rotating hole; 3. Rear cover; 301. Support hanger rod; 302. Limiting seat; 303. Disassembly and assembly sleeve; 4. Drill bit; 5. Output shaft; 501. Rotating ring; 502. Lock hole; 503. Stop edge; 504. Connection groove; 6. Swing plate; 601. Guide groove; 602. Traction hole; 603. Top block; 603a. Auxiliary groove; 604. Step groove; 605. Lock pin; 606. Adjusting ring; 607. Support ear; 608. Accommodating groove; 608a. Spring; 608b. Traction rope; 609. Rotating ear; 7. Side shaft; 701. Side gear; 702. Swing arm; 703. Swing shaft; 8. Transmission shaft; 801. Connecting rod; 802. Transmission gear; 9. Drive shaft; 901. Drive gear; 902. Intermediate gear; 10. Drive motor; 10a. Motor gear; 11. Protective frame; 11a. Fixed ring; 11b. Slide bar; 11c. Tapered sleeve; 11d. Observation port; 11e. Compression spring; 12. Side grip; 13. Upper grip; 13a. Disassembly and assembly rod; 13b. Disassembly and assembly nut; 14. Opening and closing cover; 14a. Rotating part; 15. Pulling rope; 16. Positioning hook. Detailed implementation mode

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0043] See Figures 1 - 15 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a hammer drill with a protection structure, including a front cover 1, a middle cover 2 and a drill bit 4. The drill bit 4 and the middle cover 2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the front cover 1. The middle part of the front cover 1 is provided with an output shaft 5 for supporting the drill bit 4, and the other end of the output shaft 5 is connected with a transmission shaft 8. The transmission shaft 8 is used to support the output shaft 5 and drive the drill bit 4 to rotate. It also includes a swing plate 6 coaxially sleeved outside the output shaft 5. On the front and back sides inside the middle cover 2, two groups of side shafts 7 are symmetrically arranged for drivingly connecting the transmission shaft 8 and the swing plate 6. The side shafts 7 convert the rotational motion into the lateral reciprocating swing of the swing plate 6 through an eccentric swing arm 702 mechanism. By pulling the swing plate 6 to laterally reciprocate through the side shafts 7, periodic impact power is provided for the drill bit 4.

[0044] A rotating ring 501 is rotatably sleeved outside the output shaft 5. The swing plate 6 is in clearance fit with the rotating ring 501. A plurality of guide grooves 601 extending radially along it are arranged around the inner side of the swing plate 6. A plurality of top blocks 603 are slidably arranged in multiple groups of guide grooves 601. A stepped groove 604 for clamping the outer circumferential side of the rotating ring 501 is arranged on one side of the top block 603 close to the axis of the swing plate 6. A receiving groove 608 with a built-in spring 608a is arranged outside each of the plurality of top blocks 603. The spring 608a is used to keep the stepped groove 604 side of the top block 603 in tight contact with the rotating ring 501. The continuous pressure of the spring 608a ensures the continuity of the impact force transmission and avoids the generation of idle stroke. The rotating ring 501 and the swing plate 6 are meshed in stages through the stepped groove 604 to realize the progressive loading of the impact energy. The multi-stage inclined design of the stepped groove 604 gradually switches the meshing position through the pre-tightening force of the spring 608a during retraction, reducing the offset amount of the drill bit 4 from the contact surface.

[0045] As an optional implementation manner, a plurality of traction holes 602 corresponding to and communicating with the guide grooves 601 are arranged on the outer circumferential side of the swing plate 6. A traction rope 608b penetrating through the traction holes 602 is fixed in the receiving groove 608 inside the spring 608a. An adjusting ring 606 is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the swing plate 6. The adjusting ring 606 synchronously controls the radial positions of all the top blocks 603 through the traction rope 608b. The adjusting ring 606 is in rotational fit with the swing plate 6. The outer ends of the plurality of traction ropes 608b are fixed to the inner wall of the adjusting ring 606. The adjusting ring 606 is used to rotate and pull the plurality of traction ropes 608b to drive the plurality of top blocks 603 to synchronously slide outwards along the guide grooves 601, ensuring that the rotation of the adjusting ring 606 can use the traction rope 608b to pull the plurality of top blocks 603 to synchronously expand outwards, so as to adjust the stepped groove 604 to the initial position where it fits with the rotating ring 501.

[0046] Auxiliary grooves 603a are provided on both outer sides of the top block 603 and are slidably adapted to the guiding grooves 601. The guiding function of the auxiliary grooves 603a ensures the stable movement track of the top block 603 and prevents deflection and jamming. The stepped groove 604 includes a plurality of stepped blocks distributed in a stepped and inclined manner, and a locking pin 605 is fixed in the middle of the uppermost group of stepped blocks. A locking hole 502 for accommodating the insertion and locking of the locking pin 605 is provided on the outer circumference of the rotating ring 501. The hard connection design of the locking pin 605 and the locking hole 502 can cancel the idle stroke of the last stepped block position retraction, so as to hard-connect the transmission state of the output shaft 5 and the swing plate 6. Two retaining edges 503 are fixed on the outer circumference of the output shaft 5 and are arranged on both sides of the rotating ring 501. The retaining edges 503 are used to install thrust bearings for supporting the rotation of the rotating ring 501. The bidirectional limiting structure of the thrust bearings ensures the axial stability of the rotating ring 501 and the output shaft 5 under high-speed impact. Operation ports 201 are vertically penetrated on both the upper and lower sides of the middle cover 2, and rotation holes 202 for supporting the rotation of the side shaft 7 are vertically penetrated on both the front and rear sides of the middle cover 2. A tail cover 3 for supporting the rotation of the transmission shaft 8 is provided on one side of the middle cover 2 away from the front cover 1. Support suspension rods 301 for horizontally fixedly connecting the middle cover 2 and the front cover 1 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the end face of the tail cover 3. The support suspension rods 301 and the front cover 1 and the middle cover 2 form a rigid frame to resist the lateral bending stress during impact operation. Support suspension ears 607 extending vertically are fixed on both the upper and lower sides of the swing plate 6. The support suspension ears 607 are in horizontal sliding fit with the support suspension rods 301. The sliding constraint of the support suspension ears 607 ensures that the swing plate 6 only reciprocates along the designed direction and avoids swing deflection. A sliding hole 101 for accommodating the output shaft 5 to pass through is horizontally penetrated in the middle of the front cover 1. At the same time, a side hole 102 for supporting the rotation of the drive shaft 9 is provided below the sliding hole 101.

[0047] A rotating ear 609 is provided at one end of the swing plate 6 close to the side shaft 7. A connecting groove 504 extending horizontally is provided at one end of the output shaft 5 away from the drill bit 4. A connecting rod 801 horizontally penetrating into the connecting groove 504 is fixed at the end of the transmission shaft 8. The longitudinal section of the connecting rod 801 and the connecting groove 504 is a regular polygon with horizontal sliding adaptation. The horizontal sliding of the connecting rod 801 and the connecting groove 504 constitutes a transmission mechanism for the transmission shaft 8 to drive the output shaft 5 to rotate. The regular polygon structure realizes torque transmission while allowing axial sliding, taking into account the dual motion requirements of rotary drilling and reciprocating impact. A transmission gear 802 is coaxially fixed in the middle section of the transmission shaft 8. A side gear 701 meshing with the transmission gear 802 is fixed at the end of the side shaft 7. A swing shaft 703 is provided at the eccentric position of the end face of the side gear 701. A swing arm 702 is rotatably connected to the outside of the swing shaft 703. The other end of the swing arm 702 is connected to the swing plate 6 through the rotating ear 609. The eccentric distance design of the swing arm 702 matches the impact frequency with the rotation speed of the drill bit 4.

[0048] Inside the end cover 3 below the transmission shaft 8, a drive shaft 9 is rotatably arranged. A drive motor 10 is fixed outside the end cover 3. The output end of the drive motor 10 extends into the inside of the end cover 3 and is fixed with a motor gear 10a. Outside the drive shaft 9, a drive gear 901 and an intermediate gear 902 are coaxially fixed. The drive gear 901 meshes with the motor gear 10a, and the intermediate gear 902 meshes with the transmission gear 802.

[0049] Outside the front cover 1, a protective frame 11 extending to the outside of the drill bit 4 is fixed. The protective frame 11 includes a fixed ring 11a fixed to the end face of the front cover 1 and having an inner diameter larger than the overall diameter of the drill bit 4. The outside of the fixed ring 11a is horizontally penetrated by a slide rod 11b. The outer end of the slide rod 11b is fixed with a tapered sleeve 11c into which the end of the drill bit 4 coaxially extends. The top side of the tapered sleeve 11c is vertically penetrated by an observation port 11d. A compression spring 11e that abuts against the end face of the fixed ring 11a is sleeved outside the slide rod 11b. The linear compression characteristic of the compression spring 11e enables the tapered sleeve 11c to adaptively fit the working surface according to the drilling depth, maintaining a dynamic seal. The slide rod 11b has a clearance fit with the fixed ring 11a. Above the tapered sleeve 11c, an opening and closing cover 14 for closing the observation port 11d is provided. The outer side of the bottom edge of the opening and closing cover 14 is fixed with a rotating part 14a that is hinged to the tapered sleeve 11c. The hinge structure of the rotating part 14a ensures smooth opening and closing of the opening and closing cover 14 and avoids jamming. The top side of the opening and closing cover 14 is connected with a pull rope 15. The top side of the fixed ring 11a is fixed with a positioning hook 16. The other end of the pull rope 15 is hooked to the outside of the positioning hook 16 to pull the opening and closing cover 14 to open upward. The linkage design of the pull rope 15 and the positioning hook 16 realizes automatic opening of the observation port 11d during drill withdrawal, providing an unobstructed view.

[0050] Above the end cover 3, an upper handle 13 is provided. The bottom end of the upper handle 13 is fixed with a disassembly and assembly rod 13a extending vertically. The top side of the end cover 3 is fixed with a frame-shaped limiting seat 302. The top side of the limiting seat 302 is fixed with a disassembly and assembly sleeve 303 into which the disassembly and assembly rod 13a vertically penetrates. The joint surface between the upper handle 13 and the disassembly and assembly sleeve 303 is provided with circumferentially distributed engaging teeth. The disassembly and assembly rod 13a penetrates into the limiting seat 302, and a disassembly and assembly nut 13b for preventing the disassembly and assembly rod 13a from coming out of the limiting seat 302 is threadedly fitted to the bottom end of the disassembly and assembly rod 13a. The anti-loosening thread design of the disassembly and assembly nut 13b ensures connection reliability under high-vibration conditions. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly nut 13b tightly engages the joint surface between the upper handle 13 and the disassembly and assembly sleeve 303, so that the disassembly and assembly nut 13b can be loosened as needed to adjust the rotation angle of the upper handle 13, thereby adapting to the use of personnel with different operating habits. In addition, the upper handle 13 can be rotated outward and locked to reduce the length of the device, facilitating use in a narrower area. The side handle 12 is detachably connected to the outside of the middle cover 2. A rubber shock-absorbing layer is provided on the side handle 12 to reduce hand vibration and improve operation comfort.

[0051] The electric hammer with a protective structure described in the present application realizes the synchronous lateral reciprocating motion of the drill bit 4 during the impact drilling process by adopting the multi-step stepped groove 604 and the top block 603 matching mechanism between the swing plate 6 and the rotating ring 501, ensuring that the instantaneous slip problem of the drill bit caused by the retreat can be effectively offset during the initial positioning of the drilling, thereby avoiding the periodic empty stroke and positioning deviation caused by the drill bit 4 leaving the contact surface, and continuously pre-tightening the top block 603 through the spring 608a so that it switches step by step between the multiple step grooves 604, thereby realizing the progressive loading and transmission of the impact energy, so that each impact can stably push the output shaft 5 to drive the drill bit to accurately drill into the hole wall, and at the same time use the friction of the hole wall during the drilling process to keep the drill bit in a semi-engaged state during the retreat stroke, effectively reducing the impact caused by the impact. In order to solve the drill bit deviation problem caused by uneven impact force or recoil, a hard connection design of the locking pin 605 and the locking hole 502 is adopted during the impact transmission process, which eliminates the error of the last empty stroke and ensures the synchronous stability of the subsequent transmission state. At the same time, the improvement scheme of the present application not only maintains the stability of the impact transmission, but also takes into account the needs of dust prevention and visibility. The synergistic effect of the fixing ring 11a, the sliding rod 11b, the cone sleeve 11c and the compression spring 11e in the protective frame 11 structure is utilized so that when the drill bit 4 gradually drills into the drilling area, the cone sleeve 11c can adaptively fit the working surface to form a dynamic seal. In the later stage of drilling, the observation port 11d is automatically opened by the linkage design of the pull rope 15 and the opening and closing cover 14, so as to facilitate the real-time viewing of the drilling status, thereby avoiding the inconvenience caused by the traditional dustproof structure blocking the line of sight. The electric hammer with a protective structure described in the present application is particularly suitable for hard building materials with naturally rough surfaces and high friction properties such as concrete, masonry and natural stone, so as to ensure that each impact can stably push the output shaft to drive the drill bit to accurately drill into the hole wall, and at the same time use the friction force of the hole wall to keep the drill bit in a semi-engaged state during the retraction stroke, thereby achieving a comprehensive technical effect of stable impact transmission, precise positioning, safety and high efficiency.

[0052] The electric hammer with a protective structure described in the present application has a reasonable overall structural design, a simple transmission mechanism, and close coordination between various components. It not only solves the problem of unstable positioning caused by vibration and retreat during high-speed impact drilling of the electric hammer, but also reduces the impact load while ensuring the durability and safety of the equipment in long-term operation. In addition, the electric hammer with a protective structure described in the present application has a wide range of applications, and can achieve efficient drilling and light demolition operations on hard materials such as concrete, masonry, and natural stone, thereby greatly improving work efficiency and operating comfort, with accurate positioning, stable impact, and reliable dust prevention.

[0053] The present application also discloses a method for using an electric hammer with a protective structure, comprising the following steps:

[0054] a. Impact drilling positioning for the set area: Grasp the upper grip 13 and the side grip 12 respectively, and press the drill bit 4 against the required drilling point. At this time, the outer end face of the taper sleeve 11c is flat against the surface of the drilling position, completing the pre-positioning action;

[0055] b. Rotation action of the drill bit 4: Drive the drive shaft 9 to rotate through the drive motor 10, and use the intermediate gear 902 of the drive shaft 9 to drive the transmission shaft 8 to rotate continuously. Since the connecting rod 801 at the end of the transmission shaft 8 is in transverse sliding fit with the connecting groove 504 of the output shaft 5, the rotational power of the transmission shaft 8 is synchronously transmitted to the output shaft 5, realizing the rotational drilling action of the output shaft 5 driving the drill bit 4;

[0056] c. Synchronous lateral reciprocating impact action of the drill bit 4: Drive the side gear 701 to rotate through the transmission gear 802 of the transmission shaft 8. The side gear 701 drives the eccentric part to rotate and connect the swing arm 702 to swing laterally under the support of the side shaft 7, so as to use the swing arm 702 to pull the swing plate 6 to achieve a lateral reciprocating swing process under the lateral constraint of the support boom 301. The stepped groove 604 of the top block 603 is used as the lateral transmission component between the swing plate 6 and the rotating ring 501 on the output shaft 5. Counting outward with the innermost group of stepped blocks of the stepped groove 604 as the first group, the first group of stepped grooves 604 is in contact with the end face of the rotating ring 501 in the initial state, and the forward movement of the swing plate 6 towards the front cover 1 is the forward stroke, and the backward movement of the swing plate 6 towards the rear cover is the retraction stroke. When the swing plate 6 drives the top block 603 to use the first group of stepped grooves 604 to push the rotating ring 501 towards the front cover 1, at this time, the rotating ring 501 drives the rotating output shaft 5 to support the drill bit 4 to impact and drill into the drilling position. After the first forward stroke is completed, then the swing arm 702 pulls the swing plate 6 back. Due to the frictional force of the hole wall when the drill bit 4 enters the drilling area, the drill bit 4 is in a static state during the first retraction stroke of the swing plate 6, that is, at this time, the first group of stepped blocks retract, while the rotating ring 501 does not retract, and the swing plate 6 and the output shaft 5 are in a semi-coupled transmission state;

[0057] d. When the first set of step blocks in the step groove 604 retreats to the rotating ring 501 that is offset from the output shaft 5, the supporting force of the outer circumference of the rotating ring 501 on the first set of step blocks disappears, and the spring 608a on the outer side of the top block 603 presses the top block 603 to slide along the guide groove 601 toward the axial direction, and the second set of step blocks is tightly clamped to the outer side of the rotating ring 501 that has not retreated. The first retreat stroke ends and the second forward stroke begins. At this time, the output shaft 5 in the rotating state and the plurality of second set of step blocks clamped to the outer side of the rotating ring 501 are supported. The drill bit 4 performs impact drilling, and operates according to the above steps. When the last set of step blocks slides along the guide groove 601 and abuts against the outer side of the rotating ring 501 during the retraction stroke, the locking pin 605 of the step blocks is inserted into the locking hole 502 of the rotating ring 501 to complete the hard connection between the step groove 604 of the transmission component on the inner side of the swing plate 6 and the rotating ring 501 of the transmission component on the outer side of the output shaft 5. After that, the forward stroke and the retraction stroke of the output shaft 5 and the swing plate 6 are kept synchronous, completing the step-by-step impact drilling action of the drill bit 4 in the initial stage of drilling.

[0058] e. When the drill bit 4 drills into the drilling area, the distance between the cone sleeve 11c and the front cover 1 gradually decreases, the compression spring 11e is compressed, and the pull rope 15 tightening the opening and closing cover 14 gradually loosens, and the opening and closing cover 14 is released from the tension state, and then the opening and closing cover 14 is automatically closed after the drill bit 4 drills into the drilling area. When the drill bit 4 is withdrawn from the drilling area, the compression spring 11e pushes the cone sleeve 11c to reset, and the distance between the cone sleeve 11c and the positioning hook 16 is expanded again to tighten the pull rope 15 to automatically open the opening and closing cover 14, so as to facilitate the checking of the drilling position.

[0059] The top block 603 in the guide groove 601 of the swing plate 6 cooperates with the step groove 604 of the rotating ring 501. In the initial stage, the first step groove 604 pushes the output shaft 5 forward, and forms a semi-engaged state when retreating to reduce the deviation; the spring 608a presses the top block 603 to gradually switch the step groove 604 to engage, and finally the locking pin 605 is inserted into the locking hole 502 to complete the hard connection and eliminate the empty stroke error; the cone sleeve 11c compresses the compression spring 11e as the drilling depth increases to close the opening and closing cover 14 for dust prevention. When retracting the drill, the spring 608a resets and automatically opens the cover, simultaneously ensuring visibility and dust isolation.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric hammer with a protective structure, comprising a front cover (1), a middle cover (2) and a drill bit (4), wherein the drill bit (4) and the middle cover (2) are arranged at two ends of the front cover (1), an output shaft (5) supporting the drill bit (4) is arranged in the middle of the front cover (1), and the other end of the output shaft (5) is connected to a transmission shaft (8), characterized in that: It also includes a swing plate (6) coaxially sleeved on the outside of the output shaft (5), and two sets of side shafts (7) for transmission connection between the transmission shaft (8) and the swing plate (6) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides inside the middle cover (2), and the side shafts (7) are used to pull the swing plate (6) to swing back and forth laterally; A rotating ring (501) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft (5), the swing plate (6) is loosely matched with the rotating ring (501), and a plurality of guide grooves (601) extending radially thereof are arranged around the inner side of the swing plate (6), and a top block (603) is slidably arranged in each of the plurality of guide grooves (601), and a stepped groove (604) is arranged on one side of the top block (603) close to the axis of the swing plate (6) to engage with the outer circumference of the rotating ring (501), and a plurality of accommodating grooves (608) with a built-in spring (608a) are arranged on the outer side of each of the plurality of top blocks (603), and the spring (608a) is used to keep one side of the stepped groove (604) of the top block (603) pressed against the rotating ring (501).

2. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the swing plate (6) is provided with a plurality of traction holes (602) corresponding to and connected to the guide groove (601); a traction rope (608b) passing through the traction hole (602) is fixed in the receiving groove (608) inside the spring (608a); an adjustment ring (606) is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumference of the swing plate (6); the outer ends of the plurality of traction ropes (608b) are fixed to the inner wall of the adjustment ring (606); the adjustment ring (606) is used to rotate and pull the plurality of traction ropes (608b) to drive the plurality of top blocks (603) to slide outward synchronously along the guide groove (601).

3. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Auxiliary grooves (603a) for slidably fitting the guide grooves (601) are arranged on both sides of the top block (603); the step groove (604) comprises a plurality of step blocks which are arranged in a stepped manner and inclined; a locking pin (605) is fixed in the middle of the topmost group of step blocks; and a locking hole (502) for accommodating the locking pin (605) for insertion and locking is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating ring (501).

4. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the output shaft (5) is fixed with two groups of retaining edges (503) arranged on both sides of the rotating ring (501), and the retaining edges (503) are used to install thrust bearings that support the rotation of the rotating ring (501). The upper and lower sides of the middle cover (2) are vertically penetrated with operation ports (201), and the front and rear sides of the middle cover (2) are vertically penetrated with rotating holes (202) that support the rotation of the side shaft (7). The side of the middle cover (2) away from the front cover (1) is provided with a tail cover (3) that supports the rotation of the transmission shaft (8), and the upper and lower sides of the end surface of the tail cover (3) are provided with support rods (301) that are transversely fixed to connect the middle cover (2) and the front cover (1), and the upper and lower sides of the swing plate (6) are fixed with vertically extending support ears (607), and the support ears (607) are laterally slidably matched with the support rods (301).

5. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swing plate (6) is provided with a rotating ear (609) at one end close to the side shaft (7), and the output shaft (5) is provided with a connecting groove (504) extending laterally at one end away from the drill bit (4). A connecting rod (801) is fixed at the end of the transmission shaft (8) and is laterally inserted into the connecting groove (504). The longitudinal sections of the connecting rod (801) and the connecting groove (504) are regular polygons adapted for laterally sliding. The connecting rod (801) and the connecting groove (504) slide laterally to form a transmission mechanism for the transmission shaft (8) to drive the output shaft (5) to rotate. A transmission gear (802) is coaxially fixed to the middle section of the transmission shaft (8), and a side gear (701) meshing with the transmission gear (802) is fixed to the end of the side shaft (7). The end face of the side gear (701) is rotatably connected to a swing arm (702) at an eccentric position, and the other end of the swing arm (702) is connected to the swing plate (6) through the rotating ear (609).

6. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A driving shaft (9) is rotatably arranged inside the tail cover (3) below the transmission shaft (8); a driving motor (10) is fixed on the outside of the tail cover (3); an output end of the driving motor (10) extends into the inside of the tail cover (3) and is fixed with a motor gear (10a); a driving gear (901) and an intermediate gear (902) are coaxially fixed on the outside of the driving shaft (9); the driving gear (901) is meshed with the motor gear (10a), and the intermediate gear (902) is meshed with the transmission gear (802).

7. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective frame (11) extending to the outside of the drill bit (4) is fixed on the outside of the front cover (1), and the protective frame (11) comprises a fixing ring (11a) fixed to the end face of the front cover (1) and having an inner diameter larger than the overall diameter of the drill bit (4), a sliding rod (11b) passing through the outside of the fixing ring (11a) in a transverse manner, a conical sleeve (11c) for accommodating the end of the drill bit (4) to extend coaxially is fixed to the outer end of the sliding rod (11b), an observation port (11d) passing vertically through the top side of the conical sleeve (11c), and a compression spring (11e) pressed against the end face of the fixing ring (11a) is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod (11b).

8. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding rod (11b) is loosely matched with the fixing ring (11a); an opening and closing cover (14) for closing the observation port (11d) is arranged above the cone sleeve (11c); a rotating portion (14a) hingedly matched with the cone sleeve (11c) is fixed on the outer side of the bottom edge of the opening and closing cover (14); a pull rope (15) is connected to the top side of the opening and closing cover (14); a positioning hook (16) is fixed on the top side of the fixing ring (11a); the other end of the pull rope (15) is hooked to the outer side of the positioning hook (16) to pull the opening and closing cover (14) to flip upward.

9. The electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: An upper handle (13) is arranged above the tail cover (3), a disassembly rod (13a) extending vertically is fixed at the bottom end of the upper handle (13), a limit seat (302) of a frame-like structure is fixed on the top side of the tail cover (3), a disassembly sleeve (303) for accommodating the disassembly rod (13a) to penetrate vertically is fixed on the top side of the limit seat (302), the disassembly rod (13a) penetrates into the limit seat (302), and a disassembly nut (13b) is threadedly matched at the bottom end of the disassembly rod (13a) to prevent the disassembly rod (13a) from escaping from the limit seat (302), and a side handle (12) is detachably connected to the outer side of the middle cover (2).

10. The method for using the electric hammer with a protective structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. Perform impact drilling positioning on the set area: respectively hold the upper handle (13) and the side handle (12), and place the drill bit (4) against the desired drilling point. At this time, the outer end surface of the cone sleeve (11c) is flat against the surface of the drilling position, completing the pre-positioning action; b. Rotation of the drill bit (4): The drive motor (10) drives the drive shaft (9) to rotate, and the intermediate gear (902) of the drive shaft (9) drives the transmission shaft (8) to rotate continuously. Since the connecting rod (801) at the end of the transmission shaft (8) and the connecting groove (504) of the output shaft (5) are laterally slidably matched, the rotational power of the transmission shaft (8) is synchronously transmitted to the output shaft (5), so that the output shaft (5) drives the drill bit (4) to rotate and drill holes; c. Synchronous transverse reciprocating impact action of the drill bit (4): the transmission gear (802) of the transmission shaft (8) drives the side gear (701) to rotate, and the side gear (701) drives the swing arm (702) connected to the side shaft (7) to swing transversely, so that the swing arm (702) pulls the swing plate (6) to realize the transverse reciprocating swing process under the transverse constraint of the support rod (301). The step groove (604) of the top block (603) serves as a transverse transmission component between the swing plate (6) and the rotating ring (501) on the output shaft (5), and the innermost group of step blocks of the step groove (604) is counted as the first group outward. In the initial state, the first group of step grooves (604) is pressed against the end surface of the rotating ring (501), and the swing plate (6) covers the front. (1) is the forward stroke, and the oscillating plate (6) is the backward stroke. When the oscillating plate (6) drives the top block (603) to push the rotating ring (501) toward the front cover (1) by using the first set of stepped grooves (604), the rotating ring (501) drives the output shaft (5) in a rotating state to support the drill bit (4) to impact and drill into the drilling position. After the first forward stroke is completed, the swing arm (702) pulls the oscillating plate (6) back. The drill bit (4) is subjected to the friction force of the hole wall when drilling into the drilling area. The drill bit (4) is in a stationary state during the first backward stroke of the oscillating plate (6). That is, at this time, the first set of stepped blocks retreat, while the rotating ring (501) does not retreat, and the oscillating plate (6) and the output shaft (5) are in a semi-coupled transmission state. d. When the first group of step blocks of the step groove (604) retracts to the rotating ring (501) that is offset from the output shaft (5), the supporting force of the outer circumference of the rotating ring (501) on the first group of step blocks disappears, and the spring (608a) on the outside of the top block (603) presses the top block (603) to slide along the guide groove (601) in the axial direction, and the second group of step blocks is tightly clamped to the outside of the rotating ring (501) that has not retracted, the first retracting stroke ends, and the second forward stroke begins. At this time, the output shaft (5) and the drill bit in the rotating state are clamped by the plurality of second group of step blocks clamped to the outside of the rotating ring (501). (4) Performing impact drilling, following the above steps, when the last set of step blocks slides along the guide groove (601) and abuts against the outer side of the rotating ring (501) during the retraction stroke, the locking pin (605) of the step blocks is inserted into the locking hole (502) of the rotating ring (501), so as to complete the hard connection between the step groove (604) of the inner transmission component of the swing plate (6) and the rotating ring (501) of the outer transmission component of the output shaft (5), and then the forward stroke and the retraction stroke of the output shaft (5) and the swing plate (6) are kept synchronous, so as to complete the step-by-step impact drilling action of the drill bit (4) at the initial stage of drilling; e. When the drill bit (4) drills into the drilling area, the distance between the cone sleeve (11c) and the front cover (1) gradually decreases, the compression spring (11e) is compressed, and the pull rope (15) for tightening the opening and closing cover (14) gradually loosens, and the opening and closing cover (14) is released from the tension state, and then the opening and closing cover (14) is automatically closed after the drill bit (4) drills into the drilling position. When the drill bit (4) is withdrawn from the drilling area, the compression spring (11e) pushes the cone sleeve (11c) to reset, and the distance between the cone sleeve (11c) and the positioning hook (16) is expanded again, so as to tighten the pull rope (15) and automatically open the opening and closing cover (14), so as to facilitate the inspection of the drilling position.

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