Standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driving alternating current quantum voltage and standard harmonic voltage source output method

Abstract

The invention discloses a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driving alternating current quantum voltage and a standard harmonic voltage source output method, a main controller of the standard harmonic voltage source reads power amplifier output voltage when a first switch is switched off, judges an interval in which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switches a linked switch gear according to the interval in which the power amplifier output voltage falls; calculating an output voltage before compensation; when the first switch is closed, the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter synchronously sample and respectively acquire a differential pressure signal and a fundamental wave signal, and the main controller determines an amplitude error according to the acquired differential pressure signal and the fundamental wave signal and compensates the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage; and generating a code according to the compensated output voltage and sending the code to a JAWS quantum voltage generator, so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator decodes the code and then outputs a corresponding standard harmonic voltage signal, thereby realizing high-precision voltage control and improving the accuracy of voltage output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of voltage sources, and particularly to a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage and a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source. Background Art

[0002] Currently, existing harmonic voltage sources mainly rely on traditional technical solutions based on the standard meter method. This traditional technical solution uses a Fluke 6100-type or NST3500-type harmonic power standard instrument as the core signal source, expands the output voltage to 500V through a resistor voltage divider, uses an HP3458A high-accuracy digital multimeter as the sampling device, and constructs an automated measurement system in combination with the IEEE-488x interface. The system performs instantaneous value sampling on the power frequency non-sinusoidal signal through computer control, and calculates each harmonic component based on the DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) algorithm. However, the DFT has problems such as spectral leakage and fence effect, which will affect the accuracy of harmonic measurement, cause deviation in the measured harmonic frequency, and make it difficult to accurately determine the true frequency of the harmonic, seriously affecting the accurate evaluation and analysis of the harmonic condition of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage and a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source, and the standard harmonic voltage source can improve the output stability of the voltage source.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage, including: a broadband high-voltage power amplifier, a power frequency voltage proportional device, a main controller, a first switch, a linkage switch, a synchronous trigger clock, a first digital multimeter, a second digital multimeter, and a JAWS quantum voltage generator; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier includes a plurality of shaped resistors with different resistances; the power frequency voltage proportional device includes a plurality of voltage transformers with different amplification factors;

[0005] The main controller is configured to, when the first switch is off, read the power amplifier output voltage output by the broadband high-voltage power amplifier; determine the voltage range in which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the gear of the linkage switch according to the voltage range in which the power amplifier output voltage falls; calculate the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the shaped resistor connected by the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch, and the power amplifier output voltage; wherein each gear corresponds to a shaped resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor;

[0006] The synchronization trigger clock is used to send trigger pulses to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter perform sampling synchronously after receiving the trigger pulses;

[0007] The first digital multimeter is used to collect differential pressure signals when the first switch is closed and the trigger pulse is received;

[0008] The second digital multimeter is used to collect fundamental wave signals when the first switch is closed and the trigger pulse is received;

[0009] The main controller is further configured to determine an amplitude error according to the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal; compensate the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage; generate a code according to the compensated output voltage, and send the code to the JAWS quantum voltage generator;

[0010] The JAWS quantum voltage generator is configured to output a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the code.

[0011] Further, the output end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected to the input end of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier, the input end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected to the first end of the main controller, and the grounding end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is grounded;

[0012] The input end of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected to the output end of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier through the linkage switch and the first switch, and the output end of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected to the first end of the first digital multimeter through the linkage switch;

[0013] The first end of the synchronization trigger clock is connected to the second end of the first digital multimeter, and the second end of the synchronization trigger clock is connected to the first end of the second digital multimeter;

[0014] The third end of the first digital multimeter is connected to the second end of the main controller, and the fourth end of the first digital multimeter is connected to the output end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator;

[0015] The second end of the second digital multimeter is connected to the fourth end of the first digital multimeter, the third end of the second digital multimeter is connected to the third end of the main controller, and the fourth end of the second digital multimeter is grounded.

[0016] Further, the linkage switch includes a first single-pole triple-throw switch; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier includes: an operational amplifier, a power operational amplifier, a first shaped resistor, a second shaped resistor, a third shaped resistor, and a fourth shaped resistor;

[0017] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is the input terminal of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the first shaped resistor, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier;

[0018] The second end of the first shaped resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the second shaped resistor, the first end of the third shaped resistor, the first end of the fourth shaped resistor, and the non-inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier;

[0019] The second end of the second shaped resistor is connected to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the second end of the third shaped resistor is connected to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the second end of the fourth shaped resistor is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, and the common terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the output terminal of the power operational amplifier;

[0020] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier is the output terminal of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier;

[0021] The inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier is grounded.

[0022] Further, the linkage switch includes a second single-pole triple-throw switch and a third single-pole triple-throw switch; the industrial-frequency voltage proportional device includes: a first voltage transformer, a second voltage transformer, and a third voltage transformer;

[0023] The input terminal of the industrial-frequency voltage proportional device includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and a third input terminal. The first input terminal is the input terminal of the first voltage transformer, the second input terminal is the input terminal of the second voltage transformer, and the third input terminal is the input terminal of the third voltage transformer;

[0024] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the first switch, and the common terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the second end of the first switch;

[0025] The first throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the first input terminal, the second throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the second input terminal, and the third throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the third input terminal;

[0026] The output terminals of the power frequency voltage ratio device include a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a third output terminal. The first output terminal is the output terminal of the first voltage transformer, the second output terminal is the output terminal of the second voltage transformer, and the third output terminal is the output terminal of the third voltage transformer;

[0027] The common terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter. The first throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the first output terminal, the second throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the second output terminal, and the third throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the third output terminal;

[0028] The first grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded;

[0029] The first grounding terminal of the second voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded;

[0030] The first grounding terminal of the third voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded.

[0031] Further, the positions of the linkage switch include a first position, a second position, and a third position;

[0032] When the position of the linkage switch is set to the first position, the blade of the first single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the first throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the first throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch;

[0033] When the position of the linkage switch is set to the second position, the blade of the first single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the second throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the second throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch;

[0034] When the position of the linkage switch is set to the third position, the blade of the first single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the third throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole triple-throw switch is lapped to the third throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch.

[0035] Further, the first shaped resistor, the second shaped resistor, the third shaped resistor, and the fourth shaped resistor are in the same insulating oil.

[0036] Further, the main controller is connected to the JAWS quantum voltage generator through a control signal line.

[0037] Further, the main controller is connected to the first digital multimeter through a GPIB interface; the main controller is connected to the second digital multimeter through a GPIB interface.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source based on a pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage, which is applicable to the standard harmonic voltage source based on a pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage, and includes:

[0039] When it is determined that the standard harmonic voltage source is powered on, the first switch is opened, and the power amplifier output voltage output by the broadband high-voltage power amplifier is read.

[0040] Judge the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the gear of the linkage switch according to the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; wherein, the broadband high-voltage power amplifier is connected to the power frequency voltage ratio device through the linkage switch and the first switch; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier includes a number of shaped resistors with different resistance values; the power frequency voltage ratio device includes a number of voltage transformers with different magnification factors; each gear corresponds to a shaped resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific magnification factor;

[0041] Calculate the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the shaped resistor connected by the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch, and the power amplifier output voltage.

[0042] Close the first switch, obtain the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental wave signal sampled by the second digital multimeter, and determine the amplitude error according to the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal.

[0043] Compensate the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the output voltage after compensation.

[0044] Generate a code according to the output voltage after compensation, and send the code to the JAWS quantum voltage generator, so that after decoding the code, the JAWS quantum voltage generator outputs a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the output voltage after compensation.

[0045] Further, before obtaining the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental wave signal sampled by the second digital multimeter, it further includes:

[0046] A trigger pulse is sent to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter through a synchronous trigger clock, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter perform sampling synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse; wherein, the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter are connected through the synchronous trigger clock.

[0047] The implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The present invention provides a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage and a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source. The standard harmonic voltage source uses a broadband high-voltage power amplifier to amplify the signal output by a JAWS quantum voltage generator to obtain a power output voltage; the set linkage switch includes different gears, and the main controller adjusts the gear of the linkage switch according to the voltage range where the power output voltage is located. On the one hand, it can adjust the amplification factor of the power frequency voltage ratio device connected to the linkage switch, and on the other hand, it can adjust the resistance of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier connected to the linkage switch, thereby realizing the proportional transformation of the power output voltage of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier, and effectively adjusting the amplitude of the power output voltage; in terms of error measurement, the voltage signal is measured by means of a first digital multimeter and a second digital multimeter, and the measurement result is fed back to the main controller, so as to accurately determine the amplitude error. During the error compensation process, the main controller writes into the JAWS quantum voltage generator for error compensation according to the determined amplitude error, so as to calibrate the power output voltage. After such a calibration operation, the calibrated power output voltage is more accurate and stable, effectively improving the output performance of the standard harmonic voltage source and meeting the requirements of high-precision measurement and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings required for the implementation manners will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some implementation manners of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow diagram of a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following will, with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application, clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0055] Referring to "embodiments" herein means that specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appearing in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two). Similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0059] See Figure 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: a broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1, a power frequency voltage ratio device 2, a main controller 3, a first switch 4, a linkage switch 5, a synchronous trigger clock 6, a first digital multimeter 7, a second digital multimeter 8, and a JAWS quantum voltage generator 9; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1 includes several shaped resistors with different resistances; the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 includes several voltage transformers with different magnification factors;

[0060] The main controller 3 is configured to, when the first switch 4 is disconnected, read the power amplifier output voltage output by the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1; determine the voltage range in which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the gear of the linkage switch 5 according to the voltage range in which the power amplifier output voltage falls; calculate the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the shaped resistor connected by the linkage switch 5, the resistance value of the first switch 4, and the power amplifier output voltage; wherein each gear corresponds to a shaped resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific magnification factor;

[0061] The synchronous trigger clock 6 is configured to send trigger pulses to the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8, so that the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 perform synchronous sampling after receiving the trigger pulses;

[0062] The first digital multimeter 7 is configured to collect a differential pressure signal when the first switch 4 is closed and receives the trigger pulse;

[0063] The second digital multimeter 8 is configured to collect a fundamental wave signal when the first switch 4 is closed and receives the trigger pulse;

[0064] The main controller 3 is further configured to determine an amplitude error based on the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal; compensate the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage; generate a code based on the compensated output voltage, and send the code to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9;

[0065] The JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is configured to output a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the code;

[0066] Specifically, the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is composed of a Josephson junction array chip, microwave, cryogenic refrigerator, high-temperature crystal, pulse code generator, low-pass filter, etc., and is used to generate an accurate harmonic signal source based on the Josephson quantum effect. Since the voltage magnitude output by the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is only related to the basic physical constants, it has extremely high stability and accuracy. The JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 has a wide-frequency output ability: it can synthesize harmonic signal sources generated by alternating current quantum voltages of various frequencies and amplitudes, which are close to ideal waveforms, and has ultra-low noise and distortion. Compared with the signal sources developed by traditional semiconductor devices, the amplitude of the synthesized signal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 can be traced back to natural constants, and its output waveform has the advantages of ultra-low noise and ultra-low distortion, and its uncertainty is better than 5 ppm at 50 kHz to 10 kHz;

[0067] Specifically, the main controller 3 is configured to complete the waveform fitting of the harmonic voltage, modulate the desired synthesized waveform into a series of digital patterns, and send them to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9. At the same time, it can compensate the output of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 according to the error calibrated by the power frequency voltage ratio device 2;

[0068] Specifically, the main controller 3 is configured to control the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 to complete the error measurement of the feedback output of the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 and the output of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9;

[0069] Specifically, the synchronous trigger clock 6 adopts an XL8061 multi-functional clock synchronization device, which can provide a second pulse synchronization signal for synchronously sampling the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 and providing a clock signal at the same moment;

[0070] Specifically, the first switch 4 is a measurement control switch, which is only turned on when the output is a single 50 Hz signal. When the first switch 4 is turned off, it is used to protect the power frequency voltage ratio device 2.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is connected to the input terminal of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1, the input terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is connected to the first terminal of the main controller 3, and the ground terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is grounded;

[0072] The input terminal of the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 is connected to the output terminal of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1 through the linkage switch 5 and the first switch 4, and the output terminal of the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter 7 through the linkage switch 5;

[0073] The first terminal of the synchronous trigger clock 6 is connected to the second terminal of the first digital multimeter 7, and the second terminal of the synchronous trigger clock 6 is connected to the first terminal of the second digital multimeter 8;

[0074] The third terminal of the first digital multimeter 7 is connected to the second terminal of the main controller 3, and the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter 7 is connected to the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9;

[0075] The second terminal of the second digital multimeter 8 is connected to the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter 7, the third terminal of the second digital multimeter 8 is connected to the third terminal of the main controller 3, and the fourth terminal of the second digital multimeter 8 is grounded;

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the main controller 3 and the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 are connected through a control signal line;

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the main controller 3 and the first digital multimeter 7 are connected through a GPIB interface; the main controller 3 and the second digital multimeter 8 are connected through a GPIB interface;

[0078] Specifically, both the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 adopt eight-and-a-half-digit high-precision digital multimeters, providing high-resolution digitization functions with 16 to 24-bit resolution, a bandwidth path of up to 12 MHz, supporting high-speed data acquisition, and used for sampling the output of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1 through the power frequency voltage ratio device 2.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the linkage switch 5 includes a first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1 includes: an operational amplifier A1, a power operational amplifier A2, a first molded resistor R1, a second molded resistor R2a, a third molded resistor R2b, and a fourth molded resistor R2c;

[0080] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is the input terminal of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1; the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the first terminal of the first molded resistor R1, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1;

[0081] The second terminal of the first molded resistor R1 is respectively connected to the first terminal of the second molded resistor R2a, the first terminal of the third molded resistor R2b, the first terminal of the fourth molded resistor R2c, and the non-inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier A2;

[0082] The second terminal of the second molded resistor R2a is connected to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, the second terminal of the third molded resistor R2b is connected to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, the second terminal of the fourth molded resistor R2c is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, and the common terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a is connected to the output terminal of the power operational amplifier A2;

[0083] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier A2 is the output terminal of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1;

[0084] The inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier A2 is grounded;

[0085] Specifically, the operational amplifier A1 uses MAX40110, which has rail-to-rail input and output and low-noise characteristics. Since the input stage is optimized by a super-quiet charge pump, there is no input crossover distortion, and the distortion is only 0.00035%. Since the load-carrying capacity of the output of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is very weak, the operational amplifier A1 is used for potential tracking, and its error can reach the 1 ppm level. During calibration, the operational amplifier A1 is included in the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1, and the error can be calibrated together;

[0086] Specifically, the power operational amplifier A2 uses a PA99 APEX amplifier, whose operating power supply is as high as ±1250V and can be directly used to drive a high-voltage harmonic voltage signal of 500VAC. Since in this embodiment, the maximum AC voltage output is ±500VAC, a working power supply of ±1000VDC is sufficient. Two 1000V DC power supplies with the model D2105-1000-500 are used for power supply, and this DC power supply can provide a maximum current output capacity of 500mA; the input noise of the PA99 APEX amplifier is only 2uV, and its gain-bandwidth product is as high as 28MHz. The maximum gain in this embodiment is 500 times, so the bandwidth can reach 28MHz / 500 = 56kHz. The maximum harmonic output in this embodiment is 3kHz. Therefore, the bandwidth of the power operational amplifier A2 can meet the design requirements of this embodiment;

[0087] The power operational amplifier A2 switches different shaped resistors according to different power amplifier output voltages through the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, and its transfer function is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, R2 is the connected shaped resistor; R1 is the first shaped resistor R1; V vf is the voltage input to the power operational amplifier A2; V out is the output power amplifier output voltage;

[0090] When the connected shaped resistor is the second shaped resistor, R2 = R2a; when the connected shaped resistor is the third shaped resistor, R2 = R2b; when the connected shaped resistor is the fourth shaped resistor, R2 = R2c;

[0091] It should be noted that the gain of the power operational amplifier A2 is 117dB, approximately 707945 times. After negative feedback, its error is about 1.4ppm. The stability and accuracy are mainly determined by the stability and accuracy of the first shaped resistor R1, the second shaped resistor R2a, the third shaped resistor R2b, and the fourth shaped resistor R2c.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, the first shaped resistor R1, the second shaped resistor R2a, the third shaped resistor R2b, and the fourth shaped resistor R2c are in the same insulating oil;

[0093] Schematically, the shaped resistor internally uses a non-inductive design resistor, which has very good frequency characteristics. The external uses a voltage shielding ring made of a shielding material to be equipotential with the internal resistor, eliminating the influence of the distributed capacitance of the internal resistor and achieving good spectral characteristics of broadband input;

[0094] Specifically, the resistance value of the first die-shaped resistor R1 is 1 kΩ, the resistance value of the second die-shaped resistor R2a is 100 kΩ, the resistance value of the third die-shaped resistor R2b is 200 kΩ, and the resistance value of the fourth die-shaped resistor R2c is 500 kΩ; the first die-shaped resistor R1, the second die-shaped resistor R2a, the third die-shaped resistor R2b, and the fourth die-shaped resistor R2c adopt the bridge principle and are in the same insulating oil to ensure that the resistors are in the same temperature environment and their materials are exactly the same, so as to ensure that the working ratio remains unchanged, thereby designing a broadband ratio unit. Since its amplitude accuracy cannot reach the 10 ppm level, the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 is used to calibrate the accuracy of the die-shaped resistor. Thus, the power operational amplifier A2 can achieve a stability of 5 ppm and an accuracy of 100 ppm.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the linkage switch 5 includes a second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b and a third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c; the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 includes: a first voltage transformer T1, a second voltage transformer T2, and a third voltage transformer T3;

[0096] The input end of the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 includes a first input end, a second input end, and a third input end. The first input end is the input end of the first voltage transformer T1, the second input end is the input end of the second voltage transformer T2, and the third input end is the input end of the third voltage transformer T3;

[0097] The output end of the power operational amplifier A2 is connected to the first end of the first switch 4, and the common end of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is connected to the second end of the first switch 4;

[0098] The first throw end of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is connected to the first input end, the second throw end of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is connected to the second input end, and the third throw end of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is connected to the third input end;

[0099] The output end of the power frequency voltage ratio device 2 includes a first output end, a second output end, and a third output end. The first output end is the output end of the first voltage transformer T1, the second output end is the output end of the second voltage transformer T2, and the third output end is the output end of the third voltage transformer T3;

[0100] The common terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter 7. The first throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is connected to the first output terminal. The second throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is connected to the second output terminal. The third throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is connected to the third output terminal;

[0101] The first grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded;

[0102] The first grounding terminal of the second voltage transformer T2 is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded;

[0103] The first grounding terminal of the third voltage transformer T3 is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded;

[0104] Specifically, the input of the first voltage transformer T1 is 100V, and the output is 1V, that is, the magnification is 100 times; the input of the second voltage transformer T2 is 250V, and the output is 1V, that is, the magnification is 200 times; the input of the third voltage transformer T3 is 500V, and the output is 1V, that is, the magnification is 500 times.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, the positions of the linkage switch 5 include a first position, a second position, and a third position;

[0106] When the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the first position, the blade of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a is lapped to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a. The blade of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is lapped to the first throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b. The blade of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is lapped to the first throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c;

[0107] When the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the second position, the blade of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a is lapped to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a. The blade of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is lapped to the second throw terminal of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b. The blade of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is lapped to the second throw terminal of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c;

[0108] When the gear of the linkage switch 5 is set to the third gear, the blade of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a is lapped to the third throw end of the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, the blade of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b is lapped to the third throw end of the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b, and the blade of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c is lapped to the third throw end of the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c;

[0109] Specifically, the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b, and the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c are used to switch different voltage values to match the output voltage of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9, so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 operates at a better voltage amplitude;

[0110] When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 60V ≤ V out ≤ 100V, the gear of the linkage switch 5 is set to the first gear. At this time, the inserted shaped resistor is the second shaped resistor R2a with a resistance value of 100 kΩ, and the inserted voltage transformer is the first voltage transformer T1 with a magnification of 100 times;

[0111] When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 100V ≤ V out ≤ 200V, the gear of the linkage switch 5 is set to the second gear. At this time, the inserted shaped resistor is the third shaped resistor R2b with a resistance value of 200 kΩ, and the inserted voltage transformer is the second voltage transformer T2 with a magnification of 200 times;

[0112] When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 200V ≤ V out ≤ 500V, the gear of the linkage switch 5 is set to the third gear. At this time, the inserted shaped resistor is the fourth shaped resistor R2c with a resistance value of 500 kΩ, and the inserted voltage transformer is the third voltage transformer T3 with a magnification of 500 times.

[0113] In this embodiment, the accuracy of the power amplifier output voltage is mainly composed of the signal waveform accuracy of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9, the stability of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1, the accuracy of the power frequency voltage ratio device 2, and the error measurement accuracy of the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8.

[0114] Refer to Figure 2 , which is a schematic flowchart of a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source based on a pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It is applicable to the standard harmonic voltage source based on the pulse-driven alternating current quantum voltage and includes:

[0115] S1. When it is determined that the standard harmonic voltage source is powered on, disconnect the first switch 4 and read the power amplifier output voltage output by the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1;

[0116] Specifically, after the standard harmonic voltage source is powered on, disconnect the first switch 4. In the initial state, the gear position of the linkage switch 5 is the first gear position.

[0117] S2. Determine the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the gear position of the linkage switch 5 according to the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; wherein, the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1 is connected to the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 through the linkage switch 5 and the first switch 4; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier 1 includes a number of modular resistors with different resistance values; the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 includes a number of voltage transformers with different magnification factors; each gear position corresponds to a specific modular resistor with a specific resistance value and a specific voltage transformer with a specific magnification factor;

[0118] Specifically, determine the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage V out falls. When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage V out falls within 60V ≤ V out ≤ 100V, the gear position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the first gear position. When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 100V ≤ V out ≤ 200V, the gear position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the second gear position. When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 200V ≤ V out ≤ 500V, the gear position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the third gear position.

[0119] S3. Calculate the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the modular resistor connected by the linkage switch 5, the resistance value of the first switch 4, and the power amplifier output voltage;

[0120] Specifically, assume that the power amplifier output voltage is V out = 80V, that is, the power amplifier output voltage falls within the range of 60V ≤ V out ≤ 100V. The gear position is the first gear position (at this time, the linkage switch 5 is connected to the second modular resistor R2a, and the linkage switch 5 is connected to the first voltage transformer T1). Therefore, the output voltage V i补偿前 before compensation is calculated through the following formula:

[0121]

[0122] That is,

[0123] wherein, R2b is the resistance value of the second modular resistor R2a;

[0124] S4. Close the first switch 4, obtain the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter 7 and the fundamental wave signal sampled by the second digital multimeter 8, and determine the amplitude error according to the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal;

[0125] In a preferred embodiment, before obtaining the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter 7 and the fundamental wave signal sampled by the second digital multimeter 8, it further includes:

[0126] Send trigger pulses to the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 through the synchronous trigger clock 6, so that the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 perform sampling synchronously after receiving the trigger pulses; wherein, the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 are connected through the synchronous trigger clock 6;

[0127] Specifically, close the first switch 4, obtain the differential pressure signal ΔV through sampling by the first digital multimeter 7, and obtain the fundamental wave signal V i ' through sampling by the second digital multimeter 8, and then determine the amplitude error e = ΔV / V i '.

[0128] S5. Compensate the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage;

[0129] Specifically, after determining the amplitude error e, compensate the output voltage before compensation, that is, V i补偿后 = V i补偿前 *(1 + e).

[0130] S6. Generate a code according to the compensated output voltage and send the code to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9, so that after decoding the code, the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 outputs a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage.

[0131] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage, characterized in that: include: A wideband high-voltage power amplifier, an industrial frequency voltage proportional device, a main controller, a first switch, a linkage switch, a synchronous trigger clock, a first digital multimeter, a second digital multimeter and a JAWS quantum voltage generator; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier includes a plurality of modular resistors with different resistance values; the industrial frequency voltage proportional device includes a plurality of voltage transformers with different amplification factors; The main controller is used to read the power amplifier output voltage output by the wide-band high-voltage power amplifier when the first switch is disconnected; determine the voltage interval into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the gear of the linkage switch according to the voltage interval into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; calculate the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the modulated resistor connected to the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch and the power amplifier output voltage; wherein each of the gears corresponds to a modulated resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor; The synchronous trigger clock is used to send a trigger pulse to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter synchronously perform sampling after receiving the trigger pulse; The first digital multimeter is used to collect the differential pressure signal when the first switch is closed and the trigger pulse is received; The second digital multimeter is used to collect the fundamental wave signal when the first switch is closed and the trigger pulse is received; The main controller is further used to determine the amplitude error according to the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal; compensate the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage; generate a code according to the compensated output voltage, and send the code to the JAWS quantum voltage generator; The JAWS quantum voltage generator is used to output a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the code.

2. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected to the input end of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier, the input end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected to the first end of the main controller, and the ground end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is grounded; The input end of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected to the output end of the wide-band high-voltage power amplifier through the linkage switch and the first switch, and the output end of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected to the first end of the first digital multimeter through the linkage switch; The first end of the synchronous trigger clock is connected to the second end of the first digital multimeter, and the second end of the synchronous trigger clock is connected to the first end of the second digital multimeter; The third terminal of the first digital multimeter is connected to the second terminal of the main controller, and the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter is connected to the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator; The second terminal of the second digital multimeter is connected to the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter, the third terminal of the second digital multimeter is connected to the third terminal of the main controller, and the fourth terminal of the second digital multimeter is grounded.

3. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage switch includes a first single-pole triple-throw switch; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier includes: an operational amplifier, a power operational amplifier, a first modulus resistor, a second modulus resistor, a third modulus resistor and a fourth modulus resistor; The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is the input terminal of the wide-band high-voltage power amplifier; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the first molded resistor, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier; The second end of the first mode-shaped resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the second mode-shaped resistor, the first end of the third mode-shaped resistor, the first end of the fourth mode-shaped resistor and the non-inverting input end of the power operational amplifier; The second end of the second modulus resistor is connected to the first throw end of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the second end of the third modulus resistor is connected to the second throw end of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, the second end of the fourth modulus resistor is connected to the third throw end of the first single-pole triple-throw switch, and the common end of the first single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the output end of the power operational amplifier; The output end of the power operational amplifier is the output end of the broadband high-voltage power amplifier; The inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier is grounded.

4. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage switch includes a second single-pole triple-throw switch and a third single-pole triple-throw switch; the power frequency voltage proportional device includes: a first voltage transformer, a second voltage transformer and a third voltage transformer; The input end of the power frequency voltage ratio device includes a first input end, a second input end and a third input end, the first input end is the input end of the first voltage transformer, the second input end is the input end of the second voltage transformer, and the third input end is the input end of the third voltage transformer; The output end of the power operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the first switch, and the common end of the second single-pole triple-throw switch is connected to the second end of the first switch; The first throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first input end, the second throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second input end, and the third throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third input end; The output end of the power frequency voltage proportional device includes a first output end, a second output end and a third output end, the first output end is the output end of the first voltage transformer, the second output end is the output end of the second voltage transformer, and the third output end is the output end of the third voltage transformer; The common end of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first end of the first digital multimeter, the first throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first output end, the second throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second output end, and the third throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third output end; The first grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded; The first grounding terminal of the second voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded; The first grounding terminal of the third voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded.

5. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The gear positions of the linkage switch include a first gear position, a second gear position and a third gear position; When the gear position of the linkage switch is set to the first gear position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch; When the gear position of the linkage switch is set to the second gear position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch; When the gear position of the linkage switch is set to the third gear position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch.

6. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The first mode-shaped resistor, the second mode-shaped resistor, the third mode-shaped resistor and the fourth mode-shaped resistor are in the same insulating oil.

7. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The main controller is connected to the JAWS quantum voltage generator via a control signal line.

8. The standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The main controller is connected to the first digital multimeter via a GPIB interface; the main controller is connected to the second digital multimeter via a GPIB interface.

9. A method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source based on a pulse-driven AC quantum voltage, applicable to the standard harmonic voltage source based on a pulse-driven AC quantum voltage according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: When it is determined that the standard harmonic voltage source is powered on, the first switch is turned off, and the power amplifier output voltage output by the wide-band high-voltage power amplifier is read; Determine the voltage interval into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the gear of the linkage switch according to the voltage interval into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; wherein the broadband high-voltage power amplifier is connected to the power frequency voltage proportional device through the linkage switch and the first switch; the broadband high-voltage power amplifier includes a plurality of modular resistors with different resistance values; the power frequency voltage proportional device includes a plurality of voltage transformers with different amplification factors; each of the gears corresponds to a modular resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor; Calculating the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the modular resistor connected to the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch, and the output voltage of the power amplifier; Closing the first switch, acquiring a differential pressure signal sampled by a first digital multimeter and a fundamental wave signal sampled by a second digital multimeter, and determining an amplitude error according to the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal; Compensating the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain the output voltage after compensation; A code is generated according to the compensated output voltage, and the code is sent to the JAWS quantum voltage generator, so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator outputs a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the code.

10. The standard harmonic voltage source output method based on pulse driven AC quantum voltage according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before acquiring the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental wave signal sampled by the second digital multimeter, the method further includes: A trigger pulse is sent to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter via a synchronous trigger clock, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter synchronously perform sampling after receiving the trigger pulse; wherein the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter are connected via a synchronous trigger clock.

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