Underwater heeling adjustment and emergency load rejection device and load rejection method
By designing a tilt adjustment and emergency load throwing device that can move horizontally in the hull of a manned submersible, the problem that the manned submersible is difficult to achieve large-angle docking and single function of the emergency load throwing device during docking is solved, and stable and safe tilt adjustment and emergency abandonment functions are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510531101.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
AI Technical Summary
During docking, existing manned submersibles are difficult to achieve large-angle docking due to the inadequate interface. The emergency load-dumping device has a single function and cannot move, and is obviously disturbed by water flow, and its posture is unstable.
An underwater tilt adjustment and emergency load discharging device is designed, and the tilt adjustment is achieved through the change of the lateral center of mass. The counterweight can move in the arc path of the hull of the manned submersible, and has the emergency abandonment function at any position.
It realizes stable work without being affected by water flow, can adjust the weight to achieve large angle tilt, has high integration, compact structure, safe and reliable, and has emergency abandonment function at any position adjustment.
Smart Images
Figure CN120156667A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater heeling adjustment and jettisoning, in particular to an underwater heeling adjustment and emergency jettisoning device and a jettisoning method. Background Art
[0002] When a manned submersible needs to dock with a target submersible to achieve personnel transfer, the docking interface of the target submersible is usually not in a horizontal state. To facilitate the smooth docking of the two submersibles, it is necessary to adjust the attitude of the manned submersible itself so that its docking skirt matches the docking interface of the target submersible.
[0003] At present, manned submersibles adjust the heeling angle through vertical thrusters on both sides. The adjustment angle is limited, large-angle docking cannot be achieved, and the attitude is unstable due to obvious interference from water flow. In addition, the emergency jettisoning device is usually fixedly installed at the bottom of the manned submersible. Once an accident occurs, it realizes emergency surfacing by jettisoning heavy blocks. This type of device cannot move and has a single function. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The applicant of the present invention aims at the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing production technology, and provides a reasonably structured underwater heeling adjustment and emergency jettisoning device and a jettisoning method. The counterweight can move along an arc path in the transverse direction of the manned submersible hull, and the heeling adjustment is achieved by changing the transverse center of mass; at the same time, it has the function of emergency jettisoning at any position.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0006] An underwater heeling adjustment and emergency jettisoning device, which is applied to the underwater docking condition of a submersible, includes a heeling adjustment bracket connected to the bottom of the submersible hull, a heeling and emergency jettisoning vehicle slidably connected to the heeling adjustment bracket, and an adjustable jettisonable weight is connected to the bottom of the heeling and emergency jettisoning vehicle.
[0007] The heeling and emergency jettisoning vehicle parks at any point on the heeling adjustment bracket, and the parking point is the jettisoning point of the adjustable weight.
[0008] The heeling and emergency jettisoning vehicle includes a frame as an installation reference, and the following are installed on the frame:
[0009] A motor assembly drives a gear, and the driving force of the gear acts on the heeling adjustment bracket to make the relative movement between the heeling and emergency jettisoning vehicle and the heeling adjustment bracket.
[0010] A braking assembly is used to lock the motor assembly.
[0011] A guiding assembly has an inclined surface at the top. The guiding assemblies are arranged mirror-symmetrically on the frame and are used to limit the displacement of the heeling and emergency jettisoning vehicle.
[0012] The roller assembly is hung on the roll adjustment bracket and bears the weight of roll, emergency jettison vehicle and adjustment weights.
[0013] The emergency jettison assembly is provided with an openable and closable release locking tongue for locking and releasing the adjustment weights.
[0014] The roll adjustment bracket includes:
[0015] The track is arranged on the longitudinal ring rib web of the hull.
[0016] The rack is located on the side of the track facing the gear and meshes with the gear for transmission.
[0017] The roller assembly includes a roller shaft, on which a roller, an eccentric bushing and a nut are sleeved; the eccentric bushing rotates to adjust the meshing clearance of the gear-rack pair.
[0018] Several magnets are provided on the frame, and each magnet is correspondingly equipped with proximity switches located at various places on the roll adjustment bracket.
[0019] A roll adjustment method using an underwater roll adjustment emergency jettison device includes the following steps:
[0020] In the initial state, the roll and emergency jettison vehicle are located directly below the hull.
[0021] In the case of no oil pressure, the braking assembly locks the gear of the motor assembly, and at this time, the relative position between the roll and emergency jettison vehicle and the hull remains constant.
[0022] When the submersible needs to adjust the roll angle, oil is supplied to the braking assembly to release the brake, the gear of the motor assembly moves relative to the rack of the roll adjustment bracket, and the roll and emergency jettison vehicle move along the roll adjustment bracket to realize the roll adjustment of the submersible.
[0023] When the oil supply stops, the roll and emergency jettison vehicle stop.
[0024] The reset steps after roll adjustment are as follows: The guiding assembly contacts the extreme position of the arc track, and at this time, the displacement reaches the extreme value; the proximity switch corresponding to the extreme position and the magnet feedback the in-place signal.
[0025] After docking is completed, oil pressure is provided again to drive the roll and emergency jettison vehicle to return. The proximity switch corresponding to the initial position and the magnet sense and feedback the in-place signal to determine that the roll and emergency jettison vehicle have been reset.
[0026] The working steps of the hydraulic system are as follows: Adjust the flow rate of the hydraulic oil to control the rotational speed of the motor assembly, and adjust the pressure of the hydraulic oil to control the safety pressure of the motor assembly;
[0027] At the same time, the hydraulic oil drives the braking assembly to release the brake, and multiple motor assemblies work synchronously.
[0028] A ballast throwing method using an underwater roll adjustment emergency ballast device, where the ballast throwing action occurs after the roll adjustment action is completed; the roll and emergency ballast vehicle parks at any position on the roll adjustment bracket and then throws and adjusts the ballast weight.
[0029] The oil cylinder of the emergency ballast assembly extends the piston rod, pushing the connecting rod to swing, and the connecting rod drives the release lock tongue; the release lock tongue disengages from the adjustment ballast weight, causing the adjustment ballast weight to separate and be thrown.
[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0031] The present invention is not affected by water flow, has stable operation, can achieve large-angle roll by adjusting the weight of the ballast, has high integration, is structurally compact, and is safe and reliable.
[0032] The ballast weight in this application can move along the arc path in the transverse direction of the manned submersible hull, and the roll adjustment is achieved by changing the transverse center of mass. At the same time, it has the function of emergency discarding the ballast weight at any adjustment position.
[0033] The roller assembly in this application can fine-tune the meshing clearance of the gear rack pair between the micro motor assembly and the roll adjustment bracket through an eccentric bushing, achieving efficient transmission.
[0034] The guiding assembly is used to limit the displacement of the roll and emergency ballast vehicle in the longitudinal, vertical, and left and right upward directions of the hull.
[0035] This application uses hydraulic control and multiple groups of auxiliary structures to ensure that the relative position of the roll and emergency ballast vehicle remains fixed without oil pressure. When the submersible needs to adjust the roll angle for docking, oil pressure is provided to drive the roll and emergency ballast vehicle to move along the roll adjustment bracket to achieve roll adjustment; when the oil supply stops, it parks for docking, and after the docking is completed, continuing to supply oil can achieve the reset movement of the roll and emergency ballast vehicle.
[0036] On the premise of the above-mentioned movement, the adjustment ballast weight also moves with the roll and emergency ballast vehicle, thus achieving the purpose of emergency discarding at any adjustment position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] Figure 1 It is the overall axonometric view of the present invention.
[0038] Figure 2 It is the overall side view of the present invention.
[0039] Figure 3 It is for Figure 2 The cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of
[0040] Figure 4 It is the axonometric view of the roll and emergency ballast trolley of the present invention.
[0041] Figure 5It is the top view of the roll and emergency jettison trolley of the present invention.
[0042] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 the sectional view taken along line B-B of
[0043] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 the sectional view taken along line C-C of
[0044] Figure 8 It is Figure 5 the sectional view taken along line D-D of
[0045] Figure 9 It is the axonometric view of the adjusting weight of the present invention.
[0046] Figure 10 It is the hydraulic schematic diagram of the roll movement of the present invention.
[0047] Wherein: 1. Roll and emergency jettison trolley; 2. Adjusting weight; 3. Roll adjusting bracket; 4. Proximity switch; 5. Safety valve group; 6. Speed control valve group;
[0048] 1-1. Frame; 1-2. Motor assembly; 1-3. Brake assembly; 1-4. Roller assembly; 1-5. Guide assembly; 1-6. Emergency jettison assembly; 1-7. Positioning screw; 1-8. Magnet; 1-9. Compensator;
[0049] 1-1-1. Horizontal plate; 1-1-2. Vertical plate; 1-1-2-1. Installation interface;
[0050] 1-2-1. Driving gear;
[0051] 1-3-1. Brake gear; 1-3-2. Brake; 1-3-3. Long rod; 1-3-4. Support;
[0052] 1-4-1. Roller; 1-4-2. Eccentric bushing; 1-4-3. Roller shaft; 1-4-4. Boss; 1-4-5. Nut;
[0053] 1-6-1. Oil cylinder; 1-6-2. Connecting rod; 1-6-3. Release lock tongue;
[0054] 2-1. Lock seat; 2-2. Weight group; 2-2-1. Weight; 2-2-1-1. Machined counterbore;
[0055] 3-1. Rack; 3-2. Track. Detailed implementation manners
[0056] The following combines with the attached drawings to illustrate the detailed implementation manners of the present invention.
[0057] The device proposed in this application includes three parts, asFigure 1 As shown, they are the roll and emergency throw-off vehicle 1, the adjustment weight 2 located below the roll and emergency throw-off vehicle, and the roll adjustment bracket 3 located above the roll and emergency throw-off vehicle.
[0058] The structure of the roll and emergency throw-off vehicle 1 is as Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, including a frame 1-1 and a motor assembly 1-2 installed on the frame 1-1. The motor assembly 1-2 is shaft-connected with a brake assembly 1-3, and the brake assembly 1-3 is also arranged on the frame 1-1.
[0059] As Figure 4 shown, the frame 1-1 is welded by a horizontal plate 1-1-1 and two vertical plates 1-1-2. Four roller assemblies 1-4 are mirror-mounted on the vertical plates 1-1-2, and the roller assemblies 1-4 are in contact with the inner arc surface of the roll adjustment bracket 3. The roller assemblies 1-4 bear all the weight of the roll and emergency throw-off vehicle 1 and roll on the concave arc surface above the two arc-shaped racks 3-1 of the roll adjustment bracket 3.
[0060] A total of three mounting interfaces 1-1-2-1 are provided on the side walls of the two vertical plates 1-1-2, and at most three motor assemblies 1-2 can be installed. Each motor assembly 1-2 is connected with a driving gear 1-2-1, and the driving gear 1-2-1 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 3-1. During transmission, it drives the roll and emergency throw-off vehicle 1 to move along the rack surface.
[0061] As Figure 4 and Figure 8 shown, the roller assembly 1-4 includes a roller shaft 1-4-3, a roller 1-4-1 sleeved on the roller shaft 1-4-3, and an eccentric bushing 1-4-2. By rotating the rectangular boss 1-4-4 at the tail of the roller shaft 1-4-3 with a wrench, due to the eccentricity of the eccentric bushing, the roller assembly can float up and down relative to the frame by ±1.5 mm. It is fastened by a nut 1-4-5 to prevent loosening, and the meshing clearance between the driving gear 1-2-1 and the rack 3-1 in the motor assembly 1-2 can be finely adjusted to achieve efficient transmission.
[0062] As Figure 4 shown, the brake assembly 1-3 includes two brake gears 1-3-1, two brakes 1-3-2, a long rod 1-3-3 and several support members 1-3-4. The whole brake assembly 1-3 is installed on the upper surface of the horizontal plate 1-1-1. The brake gear 1-3-1 meshes with the driving gear 1-2-1, and the braking torque is twice that of a single brake. The brake 1-3-2 brakes in the non-hydraulic oil condition and cancels the brake in the hydraulic oil condition.
[0063] As Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the heeling adjustment bracket 3 includes two arc-shaped racks 3-1 and two arc-shaped tracks 3-2. The heeling adjustment bracket 3 is arranged in a mirror image on two longitudinally arranged ring rib webs under the hull of the submersible.
[0064] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, there are a total of four guiding components 1-5, which are arranged in a mirror image on the upper surface of the transverse plate 1-1-1 and cooperate with the arc-shaped tracks 3-2 of the two heeling adjustment brackets 3. The top surface of the guiding component 1-5 is an inclined surface, and the top inclined surfaces of the two guiding components 1-5 centered on the long rod 1-3-3 are inclined relative to each other. The guiding component 1-5 can limit the heeling and the longitudinal position displacement of the emergency jettison vehicle 1 on the boat, can also limit its upward displacement, and can also limit the heeling movement to the maximum position on the left and right sides of the boat.
[0065] As Figures 4 - 6 shown in the figure, the emergency jettison component 1-6 located on the frame 1-1 includes an oil cylinder 1-6-1, a connecting rod 1-6-2, and a release locking tongue 1-6-3. The emergency jettison component 1-6 is installed in the middle of the upper surface of the transverse plate 1-1-1. The oil cylinder 1-6-1 extends to drive the connecting rod 1-6-2 to swing, and then rotates the release locking tongue 1-6-3. The locking tongue 1-6-3 disengages from the locking seat of the adjusting weight, causing the adjusting weight to separate and realizing emergency jettison.
[0066] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 、 Figure 9 shown in the figure, the adjusting weight 2 includes a locking seat 2-1 and a weight group 2-2. The weight group consists of multi-layer rectangular weights, and the weight can be increased or decreased according to requirements. The topmost layer of weight 2-2-1 is connected to the locking seat 2-1 through fasteners, and counterbores 2-2-1-1 are processed at the four right angles of the upper surface rectangle. Combining with reference Figure 3 , the positioning screws 1-7 are correspondingly installed on the upper surface of the transverse plate 1-1-1, pressing on the weight group at four points, controlling the extrusion force according to the rotation torque, and at the same time lifting the middle part of the adjusting weight 2 by releasing the locking tongue 1-6-3 to install it reliably.
[0067] As Figures 2 - 4 shown in the figure, three magnets 1-8 are installed on the frame 1-1, on both sides of the vertical plate 1-1-2 and at the rear side of the middle of the transverse plate 1-1-1 respectively. Three proximity switches 4 are correspondingly installed on the hull, feeding back the lowest position of the heeling and the emergency jettison trolley 1 and the extreme positions on the left and right sides of the boat respectively.
[0068] The compensator 1-9 is installed on the frame 1-1 beside the motor assembly 1-2, and is used for pressure compensation of the brake 1-3-2, the motor assembly 1-2, and the oil cylinder 1-6-1, so that the device can work in deep water.
[0069] Hydraulic principle of heeling movement:
[0070] Combining with reference Figure 10, The hydraulic oil controls the rotation speed of the motor assembly 1-2 through the speed control valve group 6, and then limits the safety pressure of the motor assembly 1-2 through the safety valve group 5, driving multiple groups of motors to work. At the same time, the hydraulic oil drives the two brakes 1-3-2 of the braking assembly 1-3 to release the brake.
[0071] Principle of transverse inclination adjustment:
[0072] The initial position of the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 is at the bottom of the hull.
[0073] In the case of no oil pressure, the brake 1-3-2 locks the long rod 1-3-3 and the brake gear 1-3-1, and the brake gear 1-3-1 restricts the rotation of the motor assembly gear 1-2-1, so that the relative position of the motor assembly gear 1-2-1 and the arc-shaped rack 3-1 remains fixed, keeping the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 stationary during the transportation and navigation of the submersible.
[0074] When the submersible needs to adjust the transverse inclination angle to dock with the target submersible, the boat operator provides oil pressure, the brake 1-3-2 unlocks the long rod 1-3-3 and the brake gear 1-3-1, the brake gear 1-3-1 does not restrict the rotation of the motor assembly gear 1-2-1, and the oil pressure drives the motor assembly 1-2 to move at the same time. The motor assembly gear 1-2-1 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 3-1, causing the roller assembly 1-4 to roll on the upper surface of the arc-shaped rack 3-1, and the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 moves to achieve the transverse inclination adjustment of the submersible.
[0075] When the boat operator stops supplying oil, the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 can park at any position within the travel range. When the guiding assembly 1-5 contacts the limiting surface 3-2-1 of the arc-shaped track 3-2, the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 has moved to the maximum designed position on the port and starboard sides. At this time, the proximity switch 4 and the magnet assembly 1-8 work to feedback the in-place signal. After the docking is completed, the boat operator provides oil pressure to drive the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 to return. When the proximity switch 4 at the lowest point and the magnet assembly 1-8 work to feedback the in-place signal, the transverse inclination and emergency jettison vehicle 1 determines that it has reached the lowest initial position.
[0076] Principle of emergency jettison:
[0077] The rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 1-6-1 of the emergency jettison assembly 1-6 is filled with oil, and the piston rod extends to drive the connecting rod 1-6-2 to swing, thereby rotating and releasing the locking tongue 1-6-3. The locking tongue 1-6-3 disengages from the lock seat 2-1 of the adjusting weight 2, causing the adjusting weight 2 to separate, achieving emergency jettison.
[0078] On the premise that the heeling and emergency jettison vehicle 1 can park at any position within the travel range, the jettison position of the weight 2 can be changed along with the heeling and emergency jettison vehicle. For example, the weight 2 can be jettisoned vertically, or can be jettisoned obliquely at any point on the arc contour of the heeling adjustment bracket 3.
[0079] The advantage of this application is that the weight 2 can move laterally on the hull of the submersible, adjust the center of mass, and be jettisoned at any adjusted position, and can work stably under the condition of large-angle heeling. Specifically, the operator drives the motor assembly 1-2 to move the heeling and emergency jettison vehicle 1 and the weight 2 circumferentially along the left and right sides of the hull to achieve hull heeling. The braking assembly 1-3 is used to brake the heeling and emergency jettison vehicle 1 at any position. Once an accident occurs, the emergency jettison assembly 1-6 of the heeling and emergency jettison vehicle 1 can jettison the weight 2 at any position to achieve emergency surfacing. Especially when an emergency occurs, the jettison can be quickly realized manually, and the submersible can quickly surface to ensure the safety of personnel and the submersible.
[0080] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the invention. The scope defined by the present invention can be seen in the claims, and any form of modification can be made within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An underwater heel adjustment emergency dumping device, characterized in that: The invention is applied to the underwater docking condition of a submersible, and comprises a heel adjustment bracket (3) connected to the bottom of the submersible hull, a heel and emergency dumping vehicle (1) slidably connected to the heel adjustment bracket (3), and an adjustable weight block (2) capable of dumping is connected to the bottom of the heel and emergency dumping vehicle (1). The tilt and emergency dumping vehicle (1) is parked at any point on the tilt adjustment bracket (3), and the parking point is the dumping point of the adjustment weight (2).
2. The underwater heel adjustment emergency dumping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt and emergency dumping vehicle (1) comprises a frame (1-1) as a mounting base, on which a motor assembly (1-2) is mounted, which drives a gear (1-2-1), and the gear (1-2-1) transmits force to act on a tilt adjustment bracket (3), so that the tilt and emergency dumping vehicle (1) and the tilt adjustment bracket (3) move relative to each other. The brake assembly (1-3) is used to lock the motor assembly (1-2). The guide assembly (1-5) has an inclined surface on the top, and the guide assembly (1-5) is arranged on the frame (1-1) in a mirror image, and is used to limit the tilt and displacement of the emergency dumping vehicle (1). The roller assembly (1-4) is hung on the heel adjustment bracket (3) to bear the weight of the heel and emergency dumping vehicle (1) and the adjustment weight (2). The emergency load dumping assembly (1-6) is provided with a release lock tongue (1-6-3) which can be opened and closed and is used for locking and releasing the adjustment weight (2).
3. The underwater heel adjustment emergency dumping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heel adjustment bracket (3) comprises: The track (3-2) is arranged on the longitudinal rib web of the hull. The rack (3-1) is located on the side of the track (3-2) facing the gear (1-2-1) and meshes with the gear (1-2-1) for transmission.
4. The underwater heel adjustment emergency dumping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller assembly comprises a roller shaft (1-4-3), on which a roller (1-4-1), an eccentric shaft sleeve (1-4-2) and a nut (1-4-5) are sleeved; the eccentric shaft sleeve (1-4-2) is rotated to adjust the meshing clearance of the gear rack pair.
5. The underwater heel adjustment emergency dumping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of magnets (1-8) are arranged on the frame (1-1), and each magnet (1-8) is correspondingly provided with a proximity switch (4) located at various positions on the heel adjustment bracket (3).
6. A method for adjusting the heel of an underwater heel adjustment emergency jettisoning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: In the initial state, the heeling and emergency dumping vehicle (1) is located directly below the hull. When there is no oil pressure, the brake assembly (1-3) locks the gear (1-2-1) of the motor assembly (1-2). At this time, the relative position between the heel and emergency dumping vehicle (1) and the boat body remains constant. When the submersible needs to adjust the heel angle, oil is supplied to the brake assembly (1-3), the brake is released, the gear (1-2-1) of the motor assembly (1-2) and the rack (3-1) of the heel adjustment bracket (3) move relative to each other, and the heel and emergency dumping vehicle (1) moves along the heel adjustment bracket (3) to achieve the heel adjustment of the submersible. When the oil supply is stopped, the tilting and emergency dumping vehicle (1) is parked.
7. The heel adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reset steps after the heel adjustment are as follows: the guide assembly (1-5) contacts the movement limit position of the arc track (3-2), and the displacement reaches the extreme value at this time; the proximity switch (4) and the magnet (1-8) corresponding to the limit position feedback the in-position signal, After the docking is completed, the oil pressure is provided again to drive the tilting and emergency dumping vehicle (1) to return, and the proximity switch (4) corresponding to the initial position senses the magnet (1-8) and feeds back a signal of arrival, thereby determining that the tilting and emergency dumping vehicle has been reset.
8. The heel adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The working steps of the hydraulic system are as follows: adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil to control the rotation speed of the motor assembly (1-2), and adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic oil to control the safety pressure of the motor assembly (1-2); At the same time, the hydraulic oil drives the brake assembly (1-3) to release the brake, and the multiple motor assemblies (1-2) work synchronously.
9. A method for jettisoning using the underwater heel adjustment emergency jettisoning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load dumping action occurs after the roll adjustment action is completed; the roll and emergency load dumping vehicle (1) is parked at any position on the roll adjustment bracket (3) and then the load adjustment weight (2) is dumped.
10. The method for dumping loads according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: the oil cylinder (1-6-1) of the emergency load-releasing assembly (1-6) extends a piston rod to push the connecting rod (1-6-2) to swing, and the connecting rod (1-6-2) drives the release lock tongue (1-6-3); the release lock tongue (1-6-3) is separated from the adjustment weight block (2), so that the adjustment weight block (2) is separated and the load is released.