Single spiral strut for top coal caving and recycling

Abstract

The single spiral supporting column comprises a supporting column body, a supporting cylinder and a protective cylinder, a first adjusting cylinder is movably inserted into the top of the supporting cylinder, a first sleeve is movably inserted into the top of the first adjusting cylinder, the bottom of the supporting column body is movably inserted into the first sleeve, and a stabilizing mechanism is arranged on the supporting cylinder; a first adjusting cylinder is movably inserted in the supporting cylinder, a protective cylinder is movably inserted in the first adjusting cylinder, a second adjusting cylinder is movably inserted in the protective cylinder, a second sleeve is movably inserted in the second adjusting cylinder, a supporting column top is movably arranged in the second sleeve, and limiting mechanisms are arranged on the supporting cylinder, the protective cylinder, the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder. The top wall of the protection cylinder can be more tightly attached to the inner top wall of the mine tunnel by only needing one worker to step on one supporting leg with one foot and then rotating the rotating rod on the supporting column with two hands, the stability of the whole device can be guaranteed through the overall structure, meanwhile, the supporting procedure can be completed by one person, the labor cost is saved, and more time and labor are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining equipment, and particularly to a single-body spiral prop for top coal caving mining. Background Art

[0002] When top coal caving mining method is used in thick coal seam mining, a coal mining face with a mining height of 2 - 3 m is arranged along the bottom plate of the coal seam or at the bottom within a certain thickness range of the coal seam. The coal mining is carried out by means of fully mechanized method. By using the action of mine pressure or supplemented by methods such as loose blasting, the top coal is broken into loose bodies and then discharged from the "coal discharging window" behind or above the support, and transported out of the working face by a scraper conveyor.

[0003] After the top coal caving mining is completed, subsequent operations are usually carried out manually. In order to provide better support, workers usually need to use spiral props. A single-body spiral prop is a support device used in fields such as mine construction. It mainly includes components such as a spiral body device, a lifting controller, and a brake. Its working principle is to realize the lifting of the prop by the rotation of the spiral body, so as to provide support force. The single-body spiral prop is widely used in the support of mine roadways such as coal mines and metal mines, as well as the temporary support of underground projects such as tunnels and culverts to ensure construction safety. The existing spiral props are small in volume and convenient to carry, with extremely high convenience. However, they still cannot fully meet the existing working conditions requirements. The main reasons for this phenomenon include:

[0004] 1. The existing spiral prop adjusts the height of the adjusting cylinder by rotating the screw in cooperation with the nut. When the screw rotates, it often needs to rotate many circles, which is time-consuming and laborious, and has low humanization. Moreover, the height adjustment of the spiral prop is limited by two groups of adjusting cylinders, with a low adjustable range and insufficient universality.

[0005] 2. During the use of the spiral prop, at least two people are required to operate in cooperation. Two people need to step on the bottom support feet with one foot respectively, and then one person holds the spiral prop to maintain its stability, and another person rotates and adjusts it. It cannot be operated by a single person, wasting manpower and greatly reducing the practicality of the spiral prop.

[0006] 3. The ground of the mine roadway is rough and uneven. Due to the coal mining operation, the ground of the mine roadway is prone to accumulate coal fragments and stones. The bottom area of the spiral prop is small, and when the bottom supports on the ground of the mine roadway, the grounding area is small and the support stability is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-body spiral prop for top coal caving mining to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A single-body spiral prop for top coal caving mining, comprising a prop, a support cylinder and a protective cylinder. A first adjusting cylinder is movably inserted into the top of the support cylinder, a first sleeve is movably inserted into the top of the first adjusting cylinder, and the bottom of the prop is movably inserted into the first sleeve. A stabilizing mechanism is provided on the support cylinder;

[0009] A second adjusting cylinder is movably inserted into the protective cylinder, a second sleeve is movably inserted into the second adjusting cylinder, and the top of the prop is movable within the second sleeve. Limiting mechanisms are provided on the support cylinder, the protective cylinder, the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the protective cylinder is movably connected to a roof plate. A clamping groove is formed in the middle of the top wall of the protective cylinder. A clamping block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the roof plate, and the bottom of the clamping block is movably inserted into the clamping groove.

[0011] Preferably, a screw rod is fixedly connected to the top of the prop, and a nut is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve. The nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the prop is movably connected to a bearing seat. A limiting groove is formed in the top of the first sleeve, a locking mechanism is provided in the limiting groove, and the bearing seat is movably connected within the locking mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a fixing column, the bottom of the fixing column is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner bottom of the limiting groove, and the top of the fixing column is movably inserted into a sliding cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, limiting plates are fixedly connected to both the top and the bottom of the sliding cylinder. A receiving plate is fixedly connected to the top limiting plate. Adjusting plates are symmetrically and movably connected within the limiting plates. One side of the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and the top of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a clamping plate.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of rotating rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the prop. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve. A limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top wall of the fixing block. An inverted L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second sleeve, and the bottom end of the inverted L-shaped rod is movably inserted into the limiting cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes an annular groove, a support shell and a storage groove. A plurality of annular grooves are formed in the outer walls of the first adjusting cylinder, the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the second adjusting cylinder. Support shells are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the support cylinder, the protective cylinder, the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder. Storage grooves are formed in the inner walls of the support cylinder, the protective cylinder, the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the support shell. A sliding plate is movably clamped in the sliding grooves. One side of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with an adjusting rod. The side end of the adjusting rod movably penetrates through the side wall of the storage groove and extends inward. The side end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped block. The side wall of the arc-shaped block is movably inserted into the annular groove. The other side of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with a pull rod. The side end of the pull rod movably penetrates through the support shell and extends outward. The side end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with a pull handle. A spring is movably sleeved on the pull rod. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support shell.

[0018] Preferably, the stabilizing mechanism includes an adjusting ring, a fixing ring and multiple vertical rods. The adjusting ring is movably sleeved outside the support cylinder. A plurality of fixing frames are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting ring. A support foot is movably hinged in each fixing frame. The inner wall of the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the adjusting ring. A plurality of limiting bands are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring. The side end of each limiting band is fixedly connected to the corresponding support foot. A plurality of guiding blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring. The top wall of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first adjusting cylinder. The bottom of each group of vertical rods is movably abutted against the top wall of the adjusting ring. The cross section of the vertical rod is arranged in a T-shaped structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The present invention adopts the technical means of matching the support column with multiple support cylinders. By quickly assembling the first adjusting cylinder, the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the second adjusting cylinder, the deficiencies of the prior art are overcome, and thus the technical effect of flexibly adjusting the support height is achieved.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts the technical means of matching the limiting mechanism with multiple first adjusting cylinders and second adjusting cylinders. By arranging the limiting mechanism to stably connect the multiple first adjusting cylinders and the second adjusting cylinders, it is simple, fast and efficient to adjust the height of the device, and it is no longer necessary to rotate the support column multiple times in multiple circles as in the prior art, and thus the technical effects of saving time and effort and higher humanization degree are achieved.

[0022] 3. The present invention adopts the technical means of matching a stabilizing mechanism with a support cylinder. When the first adjusting cylinder is placed inside the support cylinder, it drives the vertical rod to move downward. The vertical rod abuts downward against the adjusting ring, thereby pushing the adjusting ring to move downward. The adjusting ring pushes multiple support feet downward to expand and abut against the ground, quickly supporting the support cylinder, overcoming the technical deficiency in the prior art that the support is not stable enough, and further achieving the technical effects of increasing the placement stability of the support cylinder and increasing the grounding area. The present invention adopts the technical means of matching a support column with a screw rod. Only one staff member needs to step on one of the support feet with a single foot and then rotate the rotating rod on the support column with both hands, so that the protective cylinder can rise slightly in height, making the top wall of the protective cylinder fit more closely against the inner top wall of the mine roadway, overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, and further achieving the technical effects of higher connection tightness and stronger connection stability between the protective cylinder and the inside of the mine roadway. The overall structure can ensure the stability of the entire device while allowing a single person to complete the support process, saving labor costs and being more time-saving and labor-saving.

[0023] 4. The present invention adopts the technical means of matching a locking mechanism with a bearing seat. The bearing seat at the bottom of the support column is inserted into the limit groove opened at the top of the first sleeve, and in cooperation with the locking mechanism, the bearing seat is clamped. The stronger the downward pressure, the higher the clamping stability, thereby making the placement stability and support of the support column higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the support feet in the stabilizing mechanism are in the unfolded state;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the support cylinder, the first adjusting cylinder, and the first sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pull handle of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support cylinder, the first adjusting cylinder, the first sleeve, and the second sleeve of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in the top view state of the limiting mechanism;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure inside the limit groove of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the bearing seat and the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, support column; 101, screw rod; 102, bearing seat; 103, rotating rod; 2, support cylinder; 3, protective cylinder; 301, card slot; 4, first adjusting cylinder; 5, first sleeve; 501, fixing block; 502, limiting cylinder; 6, limiting mechanism; 61, annular groove; 62, support shell; 63, sliding groove; 64, sliding plate; 65, adjusting rod; 66, pull rod; 67, spring; 68, pull handle; 69, arc-shaped block; 610, storage groove; 7, second sleeve; 701, inverted L-shaped rod; 702, nut; 8, second adjusting cylinder; 9, stabilizing mechanism; 91, adjusting ring; 92, fixing frame; 93, support foot; 94, fixing ring; 95, limiting belt; 96, vertical rod; 97, guiding block; 10, top plate; 1001, clamping block; 11, limiting groove; 12, locking mechanism; 121, fixing column; 122, sliding cylinder; 123, limiting plate; 124, receiving plate; 125, adjusting plate; 126, connecting rod; 127, clamping plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a single-body spiral support for top coal caving mining, including a support column 1, a support cylinder 2 and a protective cylinder 3. The top of the support cylinder 2 is movably inserted with a first adjusting cylinder 4, the top of the first adjusting cylinder 4 is movably inserted with a first sleeve 5, and the bottom of the support column 1 is movably inserted into the first sleeve 5. A stabilizing mechanism 9 is arranged on the support cylinder 2;

[0036] It should be noted that a second adjusting cylinder 8 is movably inserted into the protective cylinder 3, a second sleeve 7 is movably inserted into the second adjusting cylinder 8, the top of the support column 1 is movably arranged in the second sleeve 7, and limiting mechanisms 6 are arranged on the support cylinder 2, the protective cylinder 3, the first adjusting cylinder 4 and the second adjusting cylinder 8.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3-8 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment;

[0039] Specifically, the top of the protective cylinder 3 is movably connected with a top plate 10. A clamping groove 301 is formed in the middle of the top wall of the protective cylinder 3. A clamping block 1001 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10. The bottom of the clamping block 1001 is movably inserted into the clamping groove 301. By providing the clamping groove 301 on the top of the protective cylinder 3 and matching it with the clamping block 1001 fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10, the quick disassembly and assembly of the top plate 10 can be realized, and the convenience is stronger.

[0040] It should be noted that a screw rod 101 is fixedly connected to the top of the support column 1, and a nut 702 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve 7. The nut 702 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 101.

[0041] It should be noted that the bottom of the support column 1 is movably connected with a bearing seat 102. A limiting groove 11 is formed at the top of the first sleeve 5. A locking mechanism 12 is arranged in the limiting groove 11. The locking mechanism 12 clamps the bearing seat 102.

[0042] In addition, the locking mechanism 12 includes a fixed column 121. The bottom of the fixed column 121 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the limiting groove 11. A sliding cylinder 122 is movably inserted into the top of the fixed column 121.

[0043] Specifically, limiting plates 123 are fixedly connected to both the top and bottom of the sliding cylinder 122. A receiving plate 124 is fixedly connected to the top limiting plate 123. Adjusting plates 125 are symmetrically and movably connected inside the limiting plates 123. One side of the adjusting plate 125 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 126. The top of the connecting rod 126 is rotatably connected with a clamping plate 127. During operation, the bottom of the bearing seat 102 is movably abutted against the top wall of the receiving plate 124, and the side wall of the clamping plate 127 is movably abutted against the outer wall of the bearing seat 102 to clamp the bearing seat 102. The stronger the downward pressure, the higher the clamping stability, so that the placement stability of the support column 1 is higher and the support is stronger.

[0044] It should be noted that a plurality of rotating rods 103 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support column 1. A fixed block 501 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve 5. A limiting cylinder 502 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the fixed block 501. An inverted L-shaped rod 701 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second sleeve 7. The bottom end of the inverted L-shaped rod 701 is movably inserted into the limiting cylinder 502, so that the second sleeve 7 and the first sleeve 5 remain vertical during the adjustment process, effectively limiting the second sleeve 7 and the first sleeve 5, and making the adjustment process of the second sleeve 7 and the first sleeve 5 more stable.

[0045] In addition, the limiting mechanism 6 includes an annular groove 61, a support shell 62, and a storage groove 610. A plurality of annular grooves 61 are formed on the outer walls of the first adjusting cylinder 4, the first sleeve 5, the second sleeve 7, and the second adjusting cylinder 8. Support shells 62 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the support cylinder 2, the protective cylinder 3, the first adjusting cylinder 4, and the second adjusting cylinder 8. Storage grooves 610 are formed on the inner walls of the support cylinder 2, the protective cylinder 3, the first adjusting cylinder 4, and the second adjusting cylinder 8. The storage groove 610 is convenient for storing the arc-shaped block 69, and the setting of the arc-shaped block 69 can better fit the annular groove 61.

[0046] Specifically, sliding grooves 63 are symmetrically formed on the inner wall of the support shell 62. A sliding plate 64 is movably clamped in the sliding grooves 63. One side of the sliding plate 64 is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod 65. The side end of the adjusting rod 65 extends inward through the side wall of the storage groove 610. The side end of the adjusting rod 65 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped block 69. The side wall of the arc-shaped block 69 is movably inserted into the annular groove 61. The other side of the sliding plate 64 is fixedly connected to a pull rod 66. The side end of the pull rod 66 extends outward through the support shell 62. The side end of the pull rod 66 is fixedly connected to a pull handle 68. A spring 67 is movably sleeved on the pull rod 66. One end of the spring 67 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 64, and the other end of the spring 67 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support shell 62. Through the limiting mechanism 6, the height adjustment of the device can be simply, quickly, and efficiently realized without rotating the support column 1 multiple times in multiple circles, which is more time-saving and labor-saving and has a higher degree of humanization.

[0047] It should be noted that the stabilizing mechanism 9 includes an adjusting ring 91, a fixing ring 94, and multiple groups of vertical rods 96. The adjusting ring 91 is movably sleeved outside the support cylinder 2. A plurality of fixing frames 92 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting ring 91. A support foot 93 is movably hinged in each fixing frame 92. The inner wall of the fixing ring 94 is fixedly connected to the adjusting ring 91. A plurality of limiting bands 95 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring 94. The side end of each limiting band 95 is fixedly connected to the corresponding support foot 93. A plurality of guiding blocks 97 are fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring 94. The top wall of the vertical rod 96 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first adjusting cylinder 4. The bottom of each group of vertical rods 96 is movably abutted against the top wall of the adjusting ring 91. The cross-section of the vertical rod 96 is arranged in a T-shaped structure. When the multiple vertical rods 96 move downward synchronously, the adjusting ring 91 is pressed down more labor-savingly, and the downward movement of the adjusting ring 91 is more stable. The multiple support feet 93 extend and abut against the ground, increasing the placement stability of the support cylinder 2, increasing the grounding area, and it is also very convenient to store the support feet 93, which is more user-friendly.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 ;

[0049] When the present invention is in use, the overall device is supported and adjusted by the pillar 1. The bearing seat 102 is provided to facilitate the rotation of the pillar 1, thereby driving the screw 101 to rotate and adjusting the height of the second sleeve 7. The rotating rod 103 is provided to facilitate the user to rotate the pillar 1, which is more user-friendly and labor-saving. By providing a clamping groove 301 opened at the top of the protective cylinder 3 and a clamping block 1001 fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10, the rapid disassembly and assembly of the top plate 10 can be realized, and the convenience is stronger.

[0050] During the use process, the staff first quickly assembles the first adjusting cylinder 4, the first sleeve 5, the second sleeve 7, and the second adjusting cylinder 8. Multiple first adjusting cylinders 4 and second adjusting cylinders 8 can be provided, but it should be noted that the inner diameters of the multiple first adjusting cylinders 4 and second adjusting cylinders 8 should gradually become smaller to facilitate socketing use. The limiting mechanism 6 is provided to stably connect the multiple first adjusting cylinders 4 and second adjusting cylinders 8. Taking the connection between the support cylinder 2 and the first adjusting cylinder 4 as an example, the staff drives the pull rod 66 to move by pulling the pull handle 68. The pull rod 66 drives multiple adjusting rods 65 to move through the sliding plate 64, thereby driving the arc-shaped block 69 to be received in the placement groove 610. At this time, the first adjusting cylinder 4 is inserted into the support cylinder 2, and the pull handle 68 is released. Under the rebounding action of the spring 67, the sliding plate 64 is pushed to reset, so that the arc-shaped block 69 is reset and inserted into the annular groove 61, quickly completing the connection between the support cylinder 2 and the first adjusting cylinder 4. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the connection between two by two is stable and has strong support. The connection operations between the support cylinder 2 and the first adjusting cylinder 4, the first adjusting cylinder 4 and the first sleeve 5, the second sleeve 7 and the second adjusting cylinder 8, and the second adjusting cylinder 8 and the protective cylinder 3 repeat the above steps, which is simple, fast, and can efficiently realize the height adjustment of the device without rotating the pillar 1 multiple times in multiple circles, saving more time and effort and having a higher degree of user-friendliness.

[0051] During use, when the first adjusting cylinder 4 is placed inside the support cylinder 2, it will drive the vertical rod 96 to move downward. The vertical rod 96 abuts downward against the adjusting ring 91, thereby pushing the adjusting ring 91 to move downward. The adjusting ring 91 pushes multiple support feet 93 downward to expand and abut against the ground, quickly supporting the support cylinder 2. By providing a fixed ring 94 used in cooperation with a limiting belt 95, the multiple support feet 93 are connected and limited, making the placement of the support feet 93 more stable. The multiple support feet 93 extend and abut against the ground, increasing the placement stability of the support cylinder 2 and increasing the grounding area. It is also very convenient to store the support feet 93, which is more user-friendly. By rotating the support column 1 to drive the screw 101 to rotate and cooperating with the nut 702, when rotating the support column 1, only one staff member needs to step on one of the support feet 93 with one foot and then use both hands to rotate the rotating rod 103 on the support column 1, so that the protective cylinder 3 can rise slightly in height, making the top wall of the protective cylinder 3 fit more closely against the inner top wall of the mine tunnel, with higher tightness and stronger connection stability. The overall structure can ensure the stability of the entire device while allowing a single person to complete the support process, saving labor costs and being more time-saving and labor-saving.

[0052] During use, the bearing seat 102 at the bottom of the support column 1 is inserted into the limiting groove 11 opened at the top of the first sleeve 5. The bottom of the bearing seat 102 abuts against the bearing plate 124, pushing the bearing plate 124 to move downward, so that the sliding cylinder 122 is sleeved downward on the fixed column 121. At this time, the two groups of limiting plates 123 move downward, and the adjusting plate 125 tilts. The connecting rod 126 drives the clamping plate 127 to tilt and approach each other, clamping the bearing seat 102. The stronger the downward pressure, the higher the clamping stability, thereby making the placement stability of the support column 1 higher and the support stronger.

[0053] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single spiral support for top coal caving, comprising a support (1), a support tube (2) and a protective tube (3), characterized in that: The top of the support tube (2) is movably plugged with a first adjustment tube (4), the top of the first adjustment tube (4) is movably plugged with a first sleeve (5), the bottom of the support column (1) is movably plugged into the first sleeve (5), and a stabilizing mechanism (9) is provided on the support tube (2); A second adjustment cylinder (8) is movably inserted in the protective cylinder (3), a second sleeve (7) is movably inserted in the second adjustment cylinder (8), the top of the support (1) is movably inserted in the second sleeve (7), and a limiting mechanism (6) is provided on the support cylinder (2), the protective cylinder (3), the first adjustment cylinder (4), and the second adjustment cylinder (8).

2. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the protective tube (3) is movably connected to a top plate (10), a clamping groove (301) is provided in the middle of the top wall of the protective tube (3), a clamping block (1001) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate (10), and the bottom of the clamping block (1001) is movably inserted into the clamping groove (301).

3. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw rod (101) is fixedly connected to the top of the pillar (1), a nut (702) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve (7), and the nut (702) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (101).

4. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pillar (1) is movably connected to a bearing seat (102), the top of the first sleeve (5) is provided with a limiting groove (11), a locking mechanism (12) is arranged in the limiting groove (11), and the bearing seat (102) is movably connected in the locking mechanism (12).

5. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (12) comprises a fixing column (121), the bottom of the fixing column (121) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the limiting groove (11), and the top of the fixing column (121) is movably plugged with a slide cylinder (122).

6. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the slide cylinder (122) are fixedly connected to a limit plate (123); a receiving plate (124) is fixedly connected to the limit plate (123) at the top; an adjusting plate (125) is symmetrically and movably connected inside the limit plate (123); a connecting rod (126) is rotatably connected to one side of the adjusting plate (125); and a clamping plate (127) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod (126).

7. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pillar (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of rotating rods (103); the outer wall of the first sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to a fixing block (501); the top wall of the fixing block (501) is fixedly connected to a limiting cylinder (502); the outer wall of the second sleeve (7) is fixedly connected to an inverted L-shaped rod (701); the bottom end of the inverted L-shaped rod (701) is movably inserted into the limiting cylinder (502).

8. The method of top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (6) comprises an annular groove (61), a supporting shell (62) and a storage groove (610); the outer walls of the first adjusting cylinder (4), the first sleeve (5), the second sleeve (7) and the second adjusting cylinder (8) are all provided with a plurality of annular grooves (61); the outer walls of the supporting cylinder (2), the protective cylinder (3), the first adjusting cylinder (4) and the second adjusting cylinder (8) are all fixedly connected with the supporting shell (62); the inner walls of the supporting cylinder (2), the protective cylinder (3), the first adjusting cylinder (4) and the second adjusting cylinder (8) are all provided with storage grooves (610).

9. The method for top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the support shell (62) is symmetrically provided with a slide groove (63), and a slide plate (64) is movably connected in the slide groove (63). An adjusting rod (65) is fixedly connected to one side of the slide plate (64), and the side end of the adjusting rod (65) movably passes through the side wall of the storage groove (610) and extends inwardly. The side end of the adjusting rod (65) is fixedly connected to an arc block (69), and the side wall of the arc block (69) is movably inserted into the annular groove (61). The other side of the slide plate (64) is fixedly connected to a pull rod (66), and the side end of the pull rod (66) movably passes through the support shell (62) and extends outwardly. The side end of the pull rod (66) is fixedly connected to a pull handle (68), and a spring (67) is movably sleeved on the pull rod (66), one end of the spring (67) is fixedly connected to the slide plate (64), and the other end of the spring (67) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support shell (62).

10. The method for top coal caving recovery using a single spiral support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizing mechanism (9) comprises an adjusting ring (91), a fixing ring (94) and a plurality of groups of vertical rods (96); the adjusting ring (91) is movably sleeved on the outside of the supporting tube (2); the outer wall of the adjusting ring (91) is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing frames (92); each of the fixing frames (92) is movably hinged with a supporting foot (93); the inner wall of the fixing ring (94) is fixedly connected to the adjusting ring (91); the outer wall of the fixing ring (94) is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting belts (95); the side end of each limiting belt (95) is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting foot (93); the top of the fixing ring (94) is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide blocks (97); the top wall of the vertical rod (96) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first adjusting tube (4); the bottom of each group of the vertical rods (96) is movably abutted against the top wall of the adjusting ring (91); and the cross section of the vertical rod (96) is a T-shaped structure.

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