Static rigidity test device and method for elastic wheel
By designing a static stiffness test device for elastic wheels, the problem of difficulty in detecting the static stiffness of elastic wheels in the prior art is solved, and accurate detection of radial, axial, circumferential stiffness and stiffness change values is achieved, important basic data is provided, and product design, development and subsequent operation are guaranteed.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510222024.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively detect the static radial, axial, circumferential stiffness and stiffness changes of elastic wheels, affecting product design and development, subsequent type tests, and loading operations.
A static stiffness test device for elastic wheels is designed, including a frame, a compression assembly, axle, elastic wheels, loading assembly and sensors. Loading pressure is applied through the oil cylinder and pressing block driven by the hydraulic station, and data is collected in real time using the grating ruler, motor coded disc and displacement sensor. Data fitting is performed through the data management module to calculate the radial, axial and circumferential stiffness test values.
It realizes accurate detection of the radial, axial, circumferential stiffness and stiffness changes of elastic wheels, provides important basic data, and provides guarantees for product design and development, subsequent type tests, and loading operations.
Smart Images
Figure CN120160778A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of elastic wheel detection, and particularly relates to a static stiffness test device and method for an elastic wheel. Background Art
[0002] With the development of urban light rail transit, the noise generated by light rail vehicles when running on urban ground or viaducts has become a prominent problem of light rail transit. To solve this problem, elastic wheels are widely used in light rail vehicles around the world. An elastic unit is installed between the wheel center and the wheel rim of the elastic wheel. The elastic elements of the elastic wheel are mostly rubber parts, and the wheel rim is elastically supported on the elastic wheel, so that curve noise can be effectively reduced, track impact can be reduced, wheel-rail wear can be reduced, and the service life of line vehicles can be improved. Using elastic wheels as an effective measure to reduce curve noise has been widely applied in low-floor tramcars, intercity trains, and subway vehicles.
[0003] Static stiffness is a basic index reflecting the performance of elastic wheels. It is closely related to the overall design structure of elastic wheels, rubber components, and contact surface assembly processes. By testing the static radial, axial, circumferential stiffness and stiffness change values, the basic performance of the overall elastic wheel can be reflected, providing an important basis for product design and development, subsequent type tests, and vehicle operation. Therefore, it is particularly important to detect the static radial, axial, circumferential stiffness and stiffness change values of elastic wheels. In summary, there is an urgent need for a static stiffness test device and method for elastic wheels. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To solve some or all of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a static stiffness test device and method for an elastic wheel.
[0005] On the one hand, the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel provided by the present invention includes a frame, pressing components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame, an axle arranged below the pressing components, an elastic wheel sleeved on the outer periphery of the axle, a first loading component arranged in the frame, second loading components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first loading component, a third loading component arranged on one side of the elastic wheel, and a hydraulic station arranged at one end of the frame, wherein:
[0006] The pressing component includes an oil cylinder, a pressing arm connected to the free end of the oil cylinder, and a connecting plate. One end of the connecting plate is hinged to the middle of the pressing arm, and the other end is hinged to the top of the frame. A fixing groove is opened at the top of the frame. Fixing blocks are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle, and the fixing blocks are arranged in the fixing groove, and the pressing arm abuts against the top of the fixing block;
[0007] The first loading component includes a first guide rail axially arranged along the axle within the frame, a first slider sliding on the first guide rail, a first pressing block connected to the first slider, and a first sensor disposed on the top of the elastic wheel. The second loading component includes a second guide rail radially arranged along the axle inside the frame, a second slider sliding on the second guide rail, a second pressing block connected to the second slider, and a second sensor disposed at one axial end of the elastic wheel. The third loading component includes a third guide rail disposed on one side of the elastic wheel. The third guide rail is a cross guide rail, a third slider sliding on the third guide rail, a third pressing block connected to the third slider, a bearing block disposed on the outer periphery of the elastic wheel, and a third sensor disposed on the other side of the outer periphery of the elastic wheel. The third pressing block abuts against the bottom end of the bearing block;
[0008] A first grating scale, a motor encoder disk, and a displacement sensor are provided at the first sensor. A second grating scale, the motor encoder disk, and the displacement sensor are provided at the second sensor. The first grating scale, the motor encoder disk, and the displacement sensor are provided at the third sensor. The first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor are all connected to a data management module. The first loading component, the second loading component, and the third loading component are all connected to a control module.
[0009] As a specific implementation manner, in the above static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, the oil cylinder is driven by the hydraulic station. The oil cylinder includes cylinder bodies disposed on both sides of the frame and a push rod disposed inside the cylinder body. The free end of the push rod is connected to one end of the pressure arm.
[0010] As a specific implementation manner, in the above static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, the first pressing block is driven by the hydraulic station, and the first pressing block can expand and contract in the radial direction of the axle.
[0011] As a specific implementation manner, in the above static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, the second pressing block is driven by the hydraulic station, and the second pressing block can expand and contract in the axial direction of the axle.
[0012] As a specific implementation manner, in the above static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, the third pressing block is driven by the hydraulic station, and the third pressing block can expand and contract in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
[0013] As a specific implementation manner, in the above static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, the fixing block is a V-shaped fixing block, the fixing groove is a V-shaped fixing groove, and the fixing block matches the fixing groove.
[0014] As a specific implementation, in the above static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, the diameter of the elastic wheel is 580 mm to 850 mm.
[0015] On the other hand, the static stiffness test method for an elastic wheel provided by the present invention includes:
[0016] Static radial stiffness test: The axle sleeved with the elastic wheel is arranged in the fixed groove, and the axle is fixed by the pressing component. Then, the control module controls the first slider to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel. The first pressing block applies pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel, and at the same time, the first sensor synchronously and real-time collects the coordinate values fed back by the first grating scale and the motor encoder disc and the reading of the displacement sensor. Then, the data management module performs data fitting to form a data table and curve of radial displacement and loading force, and at the same time, fits out the radial stiffness test value;
[0017] Static axial stiffness test: The axle sleeved with the elastic wheel is arranged in the fixed groove, and the axle is fixed by the pressing component. Then, the control module controls the first slider to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel. The first pressing block applies a preset pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel, limiting the axial displacement of the elastic wheel. At the same time, the second slider is controlled to move along the second guide rail to the second sensor, and the second pressing block applies pressure to one axial end of the elastic wheel. At the same time, the second sensor synchronously and real-time collects the coordinate values fed back by the second grating scale and the motor encoder disc and the reading of the displacement sensor. Then, the data management module performs data fitting to form a data table and curve of axial displacement change and loading force, and at the same time, fits out the axial stiffness test value;
[0018] Static circumferential stiffness test: The axle sleeved with the elastic wheel is arranged in the fixed groove, and the axle is fixed by the pressing component. Then, the control module controls the first slider to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel. The first pressing block applies a preset pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel, limiting the axial displacement of the elastic wheel. At the same time, the third slider is controlled to move along the third guide rail to below the bearing block, and the third pressing block applies a preset pressure to the center of the bottom of the bearing block. At the same time, the third sensor synchronously and real-time collects the coordinate values fed back by the first grating scale and the motor encoder disc and the reading of the displacement sensor. Then, the data management module performs data fitting to form a data table and curve of circumferential angle change and loading force, and at the same time, fits out the circumferential stiffness test value.
[0019] As a specific implementation manner, in the above-mentioned static stiffness test method for an elastic wheel, the data management module is electrically connected to a display unit, and the display unit displays in real time the data table, curve, and stiffness test value calculated by the data management module.
[0020] As a specific implementation manner, in the above-mentioned static stiffness test method for an elastic wheel, the control module is electrically connected to the display unit, and the display unit displays in real time the loading pressures of the first pressing block, the second pressing block, and the third pressing block.
[0021] The static stiffness test device and method for an elastic wheel of the present invention have the following advantages and positive effects:
[0022] (1) In the present invention, the first loading assembly, the second loading assembly, and the third loading assembly are respectively used to apply loading pressures to the elastic wheel, and then the first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor are respectively used to collect data of the grating ruler and the motor encoder disk. Finally, calculations are performed by the data management module, and the radial stiffness test value, axial stiffness test value, and circumferential stiffness test value of the elastic wheel can be accurately detected respectively, which has good practicability.
[0023] (2) By setting a display unit in the present invention, the values calculated by the data management module can be analyzed more intuitively. Moreover, when the control module detects a failure in components such as each pressing block or the hydraulic station, a failure signal will be sent to the display unit, and the display unit will display the failure content and give an alarm through the sound generating unit, so as to remind the staff to perform maintenance in time and ensure the accuracy of the elastic wheel stiffness test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only for further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:
[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 is a side view of the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention.
[0027] Description of the reference numerals:
[0028] 1 - Frame, 2 - Oil cylinder, 21 - Pressing arm, 22 - Connecting plate, 3 - Axle, 4 - Elastic wheel, 41 - First sensor, 42 - Second sensor, 43 - Third sensor, 5 - First pressing block, 51 - First slider, 6 - Second pressing block, 61 - Second slider, 7 - Third pressing block, 71 - Third slider, 8 - Hydraulic station, 9 - Bearing block. Detailed implementation manner
[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides a static stiffness test device and method for an elastic wheel.
[0031] On the one hand, the present invention discloses a static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel, including a frame 1, pressing components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame 1, an axle 3 arranged below the pressing components, an elastic wheel 4 sleeved on the outer periphery of the axle 3, a first loading component arranged inside the frame 1, second loading components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first loading component, a third loading component arranged on one side of the elastic wheel 4, and a hydraulic station 8 arranged at one end of the frame 1. Among them, the pressing component includes an oil cylinder 2, a pressing arm 21 connected to the free end of the oil cylinder 2, and a connecting plate 22. One end of the connecting plate 22 is hinged to the middle of the pressing arm 21, and the other end is hinged to the top of the frame 1. A fixing groove (not shown in the figure) is provided at the top of the frame 1. Fixing blocks (not shown in the figure) are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle 3. The fixing blocks are arranged in the fixing groove, and the pressing arm 21 abuts against the top of the fixing blocks. The axial position and radial position of the axle 3 can be effectively restricted by the pressing component; the first loading component includes a first guide rail (not shown in the figure) arranged inside the frame 1 along the axial direction of the axle 3, a first slider 51 sliding on the first guide rail, a first pressing block 5 connected to the first slider 51, and a first sensor 41 arranged on the top of the elastic wheel 4. The second loading component includes a second guide rail (not shown in the figure) arranged inside the frame 1 along the radial direction of the axle 3, a second slider 61 sliding on the second guide rail, a second pressing block 6 connected to the second slider 61, and a second sensor 42 arranged at one axial end of the elastic wheel 4. The third loading component includes a third guide rail (not shown in the figure) arranged on one side of the elastic wheel 4. The third guide rail is a cross guide rail, a third slider 71 sliding on the third guide rail, a third pressing block 7 connected to the third slider 71, a bearing block 9 arranged on the outer periphery of the elastic wheel 4, and a third sensor 43 arranged on the other side of the outer periphery of the elastic wheel 4. The third slider 71 can perform a sliding displacement in the horizontal direction along the third guide rail, can move away from or close to the elastic wheel 4, and can also displace to any axial end of the frame 1. The third pressing block 7 abuts against the bottom end of the bearing block 9; a first grating scale (not shown in the figure), a motor encoder disc (not shown in the figure), and a displacement sensor (not shown in the figure) are arranged at the first sensor 41. A second grating scale (not shown in the figure), a motor encoder disc, and a displacement sensor are arranged at the second sensor 42. A first grating scale, a motor encoder disc, and a displacement sensor are arranged at the third sensor 43. The first grating scale is a vertical grating scale, the second grating scale is a horizontal grating scale. The first sensor 41, the second sensor 42, and the third sensor 43 are all signal-connected to a data management module (not shown in the figure). The first loading component, the second loading component, and the third loading component are all signal-connected to a control module (not shown in the figure).
[0032] As a specific embodiment, in the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the oil cylinder 2 is driven by a hydraulic station 8. The oil cylinder 2 includes cylinder bodies arranged on both sides of the frame 1 and a push rod arranged inside the cylinder body. The free end of the push rod is connected to one end of the pressure arm 21. When the push rod extends, since the middle of the pressure arm 21 is hinged to the connecting plate 22, one end of the pressure arm 21 hinged to the push rod moves upward, and the other end moves downward until it tightly abuts against the top of the fixed block, completing the position limitation of the fixed block.
[0033] As a specific embodiment, in the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the first pressing block 5 is driven by a hydraulic station 8. Of course, the first pressing block 5 can also be driven electrically by setting a motor. The first pressing block 5 can expand and contract in the radial direction of the axle 3, and its expansion and contraction amount can be accurately controlled through the control module, thereby realizing the control of the loading pressure of the first pressing block 5.
[0034] As a specific embodiment, in the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the second pressing block 6 is driven by a hydraulic station 8. Of course, the second pressing block 6 can also be driven electrically by setting a motor. The second pressing block 6 can expand and contract in the axial direction of the axle 3, and its expansion and contraction amount can be accurately controlled through the control module, thereby realizing the control of the loading pressure of the second pressing block 6.
[0035] As a specific embodiment, in the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the third pressing block 7 is driven by a hydraulic station 8. Of course, the third pressing block 7 can also be driven electrically by setting a motor. The third pressing block 7 can expand and contract in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and its expansion and contraction amount can be accurately controlled through the control module, thereby realizing the control of the loading pressure of the third pressing block 7.
[0036] As a specific embodiment, in the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the fixed block is a V-shaped fixed block, the fixed groove is a V-shaped fixed groove, and the fixed block matches the fixed groove. Such a setting can enable the pressing assembly to better limit the radial position of the axle 3 and ensure that the axis of the axle 3 is aligned with the overall axis of the device.
[0037] As a specific embodiment, in the static stiffness test device for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the diameter of the elastic wheel 4 is 580 mm to 850 mm.
[0038] On the other hand, the static stiffness test method for an elastic wheel of the present invention is implemented using the above static stiffness test device, and specifically includes the following steps:
[0039] Static radial stiffness test: The axle 3 with the elastic wheel 4 sleeved thereon is arranged in the fixed groove, and the axle 3 is fixed by the pressing component. Then, the control module controls the first slider 51 to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel 4. The first pressing block 5 applies pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel 4, and simultaneously, the first sensor 41 collects in real time the coordinate values fed back by the first grating scale and the motor encoder disc and the readings of the displacement sensor. Then, the data management module performs data fitting to form a data table and curve of radial displacement and loading force, and simultaneously fits out the radial stiffness test value;
[0040] Static axial stiffness test: The axle 3 with the elastic wheel 4 sleeved thereon is arranged in the fixed groove, and the axle 3 is fixed by the pressing component. Then, the control module controls the first slider 51 to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel 4. The first pressing block 5 applies a preset pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel 4, limiting the axial displacement of the elastic wheel 4. At the same time, the control module controls the second slider 61 to move along the second guide rail to the second sensor 42, and the second pressing block 6 applies pressure to one axial end of the elastic wheel 4, and simultaneously, the second sensor 42 collects in real time the coordinate values fed back by the second grating scale and the motor encoder disc and the readings of the displacement sensor. Then, the data management module performs data fitting to form a data table and curve of axial displacement change and loading force, and simultaneously fits out the axial stiffness test value;
[0041] Static circumferential stiffness test: The axle 3 with the elastic wheel 4 sleeved thereon is arranged in the fixed groove, and the axle 3 is fixed by the pressing component. Then, the control module controls the first slider 51 to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel 4. The first pressing block 5 applies a preset pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel 4, limiting the axial displacement of the elastic wheel 4. At the same time, the control module controls the third slider 71 to move to below the bearing block 9 along the third guide rail, and the third pressing block 7 applies a preset pressure to the center of the bottom of the bearing block 9, and simultaneously, the third sensor 43 collects in real time the coordinate values fed back by the first grating scale and the motor encoder disc and the readings of the displacement sensor. Then, the data management module performs data fitting to form a data table and curve of circumferential angle change and loading force, and simultaneously fits out the circumferential stiffness test value.
[0042] As a specific implementation manner, in the static stiffness test method for the elastic wheel of the present invention, the data management module is electrically connected to a display unit (not shown in the figure). The display unit displays in real time the data table, curve, and stiffness test value calculated by the data management module. Such a setting can more intuitively analyze the values calculated by the data management module.
[0043] As a specific implementation manner, in the static stiffness test method for an elastic wheel of the present invention, the control module is electrically connected to the display unit, and the display unit displays the loading pressures of the first pressing block 5, the second pressing block 6, and the third pressing block 7 in real time. When the control module detects a failure in components such as each pressing block or the hydraulic station 8, it will send a failure signal to the display unit. The display unit displays the failure content and gives an alarm through a sounding unit (not shown in the figure) to remind the staff to perform maintenance in time.
[0044] In summary, compared with the prior art, the static stiffness test device and method for an elastic wheel of the present invention have the following advantages and positive effects:
[0045] (1) In the present invention, the loading pressures are applied to the elastic wheel 4 through the first loading assembly, the second loading assembly, and the third loading assembly respectively. Then, data of the grating ruler and the motor encoder disk are collected through the first sensor 41, the second sensor 42, and the third sensor 43 respectively. Finally, calculations are performed through the data management module, and the radial stiffness test value, axial stiffness test value, and circumferential stiffness test value of the elastic wheel 4 can be accurately detected respectively, which has good practicability.
[0046] (2) In the present invention, by providing a display unit, the values calculated by the data management module can be analyzed more intuitively. Moreover, when the control module detects a failure in components such as each pressing block or the hydraulic station 8, it will send a failure signal to the display unit. The display unit displays the failure content and gives an alarm through the sounding unit to remind the staff to perform maintenance in time, ensuring the accuracy of the stiffness test of the elastic wheel 4.
[0047] It should be noted that in this article, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the term "connection" or its synonyms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Moreover, expressions such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. At the same time, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In addition, in this article, "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" are all referenced with the placement state shown in the drawings.
[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or equivalently replace some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A static stiffness test device for elastic wheels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, clamping assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame, an axle arranged below the clamping assemblies, an elastic wheel sleeved on the outer circumference of the axle, a first loading assembly arranged in the frame, a second loading assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first loading assembly, a third loading assembly arranged on one side of the elastic wheel, and a hydraulic station arranged at one end of the frame, wherein: The clamping assembly includes an oil cylinder, a pressure arm connected to the free end of the oil cylinder, and a connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate is hinged to the middle of the pressure arm, and the other end is hinged to the top of the frame, a fixing groove is provided on the top of the frame, and fixing blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the axle, the fixing blocks are arranged in the fixing grooves, and the pressure arm abuts against the top of the fixing block; The first loading assembly comprises a first guide rail arranged in the frame along the axial direction of the axle, a first slider sliding on the first guide rail, a first pressure block connected to the first slider, and a first sensor arranged on the top of the elastic wheel; the second loading assembly comprises a second guide rail arranged on the inner side of the frame along the radial direction of the axle, a second slider sliding on the second guide rail, a second pressure block connected to the second slider, and a second sensor arranged at one axial end of the elastic wheel; the third loading assembly comprises a third guide rail arranged on one side of the elastic wheel, the third guide rail is a cross guide rail, a third slider sliding on the third guide rail, a third pressure block connected to the third slider, a bearing block arranged on the outer periphery of the elastic wheel, and a third sensor arranged on the other side of the outer periphery of the elastic wheel, wherein the third pressure block abuts against the bottom end of the bearing block; The first sensor is provided with a first grating scale, a motor encoding disk, and a displacement sensor, the second sensor is provided with a second grating scale, the motor encoding disk, and the displacement sensor, the third sensor is provided with the first grating scale, the motor encoding disk, and the displacement sensor, the first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor are all connected to a data management module, and the first loading component, the second loading component, and the third loading component are all connected to a control module.
2. The static stiffness test device for elastic wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil cylinder is driven by the hydraulic station. The oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body arranged on both sides of the frame and a push rod arranged in the cylinder body. The free end of the push rod is connected to one end of the pressure arm.
3. The static stiffness test device for elastic wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressing block is driven by the hydraulic station, and the first pressing block can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the axle.
4. The static stiffness test device for elastic wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pressing block is driven by the hydraulic station, and the second pressing block can be extended and retracted along the axial direction of the axle.
5. The static stiffness test device for elastic wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third pressing block is driven by the hydraulic station, and the third pressing block can be extended and retracted in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
6. The static stiffness test device for elastic wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block is a V-shaped fixing block, the fixing groove is a V-shaped fixing groove, and the fixing block matches the fixing groove.
7. The static stiffness test device for elastic wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the elastic wheel is 580 mm to 850 mm.
8. A static stiffness test method for an elastic wheel, the static stiffness test method being implemented using the static stiffness test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Static radial stiffness test: the axle with the elastic wheel sleeved is set in the fixing groove, the axle is fixed by the clamping assembly, and then the first slider is controlled by the control module to move along the first guide rail to a specified position directly below the elastic wheel, the first pressure block applies pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel, and the first sensor is used to collect the coordinate values fed back by the first grating ruler and the motor encoder disk and the displacement sensor reading in real time, and then the data management module is used to perform data fitting to form a data table and curve of radial displacement and loading force, and at the same time fit the radial stiffness test value; Static axial stiffness test: the axle with the elastic wheel sleeved thereon is set in the fixing groove, the axle is fixed by the clamping assembly, and then the first slider is controlled by the control module to move along the first guide rail to the specified position directly below the elastic wheel, and the first pressure block is used to apply a preset pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel to limit the axial displacement of the elastic wheel, and at the same time the second slider is controlled to move along the second guide rail to the second sensor, and the second pressure block is used to apply pressure to one axial end of the elastic wheel, and the coordinate values fed back by the second grating ruler and the motor encoder disk and the displacement sensor readings are collected in real time by the second sensor synchronously, and then the data management module is used to perform data fitting to form a data table and curve of axial displacement change and loading force, and at the same time the axial stiffness test value is fitted; Static circumferential stiffness test: the axle with the elastic wheel mounted thereon is set in the fixing groove, the axle is fixed by the clamping assembly, and then the first slider is controlled by the control module to move along the first guide rail to the specified position directly below the elastic wheel, and the first pressure block loads a preset pressure to the radial bottom of the elastic wheel to limit the axial displacement of the elastic wheel. At the same time, the third slider is controlled to move along the third guide rail to below the bearing block, and the third pressure block loads a preset pressure to the bottom center of the bearing block, and the third sensor is used to synchronously collect the coordinate values fed back by the first grating scale and the motor encoder disk and the displacement sensor reading in real time, and then the data management module is used to perform data fitting to form a data table and curve of circumferential angle change and loading force, and at the same time fit the circumferential stiffness test value.
9. The static stiffness test method for elastic wheels according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data management module is electrically connected to a display unit, and the display unit displays the data table, curve, and stiffness test value calculated by the data management module in real time.
10. The static stiffness test method for elastic wheels according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control module is electrically connected to the display unit, and the display unit displays the loading pressures of the first pressing block, the second pressing block, and the third pressing block in real time.