Grid-side Fault Handling Method and Related Devices Based on Intelligent Fuses

Abstract

The present application discloses a grid-side fault handling method and related devices based on smart fuses. The method includes: receiving first fault information and second fault information sent by an energy storage converter; determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and multiple target battery cabinets; if it is detected that the power to be compensated is greater than a first preset output power, generating a first control instruction based on the first fault information and the second fault information, and sending the first control instruction to the first smart fuse; generating a discharge instruction based on the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and sending the discharge instruction to multiple target battery cabinets; determining the voltage recovery progress on the grid side; generating a second control instruction based on the voltage recovery progress, and sending the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet. The present application can monitor and adjust the protection parameters of the smart fuse in real time, providing effective energy support for the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power grid management technology, and in particular to a power grid-side fault handling method based on an intelligent fuse and related devices. Background Art

[0002] Voltage sags are a common and potentially serious problem in power grid operations, such as voltage drops below 70% of the rated value. A sudden voltage drop in the grid threatens the stability and reliability of the power system and can affect the normal operation of various devices connected to the grid. The primary goal of energy storage systems is to discharge energy from energy storage battery cabinets to the grid when the grid voltage suddenly drops, providing the necessary energy support to mitigate the impact of voltage drops and ensure stable grid operation.

[0003] In scenarios where the energy storage system supplies power to the grid, if the grid-side voltage suddenly drops, a fixed threshold voltage protection strategy is used. When the voltage drops below a certain value, the connection between the energy storage system and the grid is quickly cut off. This strategy cannot distinguish between fault sags and normal sags, resulting in unnecessary disconnection from the grid. Furthermore, disconnection interrupts the discharge process, directly affecting the discharge benefit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a grid-side fault handling method and related devices based on smart fuses to monitor and adjust the protection parameters of the smart fuses in real time, thereby providing effective energy support for the power grid.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a grid-side fault handling method based on an intelligent fuse, which is applied to an energy management server in an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system further includes an energy storage converter and multiple battery cabinets, the energy storage converter includes a first intelligent fuse, a single battery cabinet includes a second intelligent fuse, the second intelligent fuse is communicatively connected to the energy management server, the energy storage converter includes a first port, a second port, and multiple third ports, the first port is connected to the grid side, the second port is communicatively connected to the energy management server, and a single third port is connected to the single battery cabinet, including:

[0006] Receive first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter, where the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than a first threshold within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than a second threshold, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than a third threshold;

[0007] Determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, wherein the target battery cabinets are used to perform a discharge action to the grid side in a current scenario;

[0008] If it is detected that the power to be compensated is greater than a first preset output power, a first control instruction is generated according to the first fault information and the second fault information, and the first control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter, where the first control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse;

[0009] generating a discharge instruction according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and sending the discharge instruction to the multiple target battery cabinets;

[0010] Determining a voltage recovery progress on the grid side;

[0011] A second control instruction is generated according to the voltage recovery progress, and the second control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

[0012] The step of generating a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress and sending the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet includes:

[0013] detecting that the voltage recovery progress is greater than or equal to a first preset progress, determining the remaining compensation power according to the voltage recovery progress;

[0014] Upon detecting that the remaining compensation power is greater than the second preset output power, a power increase instruction and a third regulation instruction are generated for at least one target battery cabinet among the multiple target battery cabinets, and the power increase instruction and the third regulation instruction are sent to the at least one target battery cabinet, wherein the power increase instruction is used to instruct to increase the output power of the at least one target battery cabinet, and the third regulation instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple second protection parameters of each second smart fuse in the at least one second smart fuse, and the at least one second smart fuse corresponds to the at least one target battery cabinet on a one-to-one basis;

[0015] If it is detected that within the second preset time, the voltage recovery progress continues to be greater than or equal to the second preset progress, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage inverter and the at least one target battery cabinet. The second preset progress is greater than the first preset progress, and the fourth control instruction is used to initialize the protection parameters of the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse.

[0016] Wherein, when it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than or equal to the second preset progress within the second preset time, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and the at least one target battery cabinet, including:

[0017] Upon detecting that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than the second preset progress within the second preset time, generating the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse, and sending the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse to the energy storage converter;

[0018] After generating a preset interval time for the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse, generate the fourth control instruction for the at least one second smart fuse, and send the fourth control instruction of the at least one second smart fuse to the at least one target battery cabinet, the preset interval time is related to the disconnection time of the first smart fuse.

[0019] After determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, the method further includes:

[0020] Determining whether the multiple target battery cabinets have historical fault hazards;

[0021] If yes, obtain the third fault information corresponding to the historical fault hidden danger;

[0022] A fifth control instruction is generated according to the third fault information, and the fifth control instruction is sent to the target battery cabinet having the historical fault potential. The fifth control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple third protection parameters of the second smart fuse.

[0023] The step of generating a fifth control instruction according to the third fault information includes:

[0024] determining a first correlation degree between the third fault information and the first fault information; and determining a second correlation degree between the third fault information and the second fault information;

[0025] Determining the fault level of the historical fault hidden danger;

[0026] The fifth control instruction is generated according to the first correlation degree, the second correlation degree and the fault level.

[0027] Among them, the multiple first protection parameters include the fuse threshold and the disconnection time, the multiple second protection parameters include the fuse threshold and the allowable short-term overload time, and the multiple third protection parameters include the fuse threshold and the temperature threshold; the first adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple first protection parameters is different from the second adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple second protection parameters, and the second adjustment degree is different from the third adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple third protection parameters.

[0028] After sending the power increase instruction and the third control instruction to the at least one target battery cabinet, the method further includes:

[0029] Obtaining temperature change rates of multiple second smart fuses corresponding to the multiple target battery cabinets;

[0030] A discharge power adjustment instruction is generated according to the temperature change rate, and the discharge power adjustment instruction is sent to the energy storage converter.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a grid-side fault handling device based on an intelligent fuse, which is applied to an energy management server in an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system further includes an energy storage converter and multiple battery cabinets, the energy storage converter includes a first intelligent fuse, a single battery cabinet includes a second intelligent fuse, the second intelligent fuse is communicatively connected to the energy management server, the energy storage converter includes a first port, a second port and multiple third ports, the first port is connected to the grid side, the second port is communicatively connected to the energy management server, and a single third port is connected to the single battery cabinet, including:

[0032] a receiving unit, configured to receive first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter, wherein the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than a first threshold value within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than a second threshold value, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than a third threshold value;

[0033] A first determining unit, configured to determine the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, wherein the target battery cabinets are configured to perform a discharge operation to the grid side in a current scenario;

[0034] A first generating unit is configured to, upon detecting that the power to be compensated is greater than a first preset output power, generate a first control instruction according to the first fault information and the second fault information, and send the first control instruction to the energy storage converter, wherein the first control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse;

[0035] a second generating unit, configured to generate a discharge instruction according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and send the discharge instruction to the plurality of target battery cabinets;

[0036] A second determining unit, configured to determine a voltage recovery progress on the grid side;

[0037] The third generating unit is configured to generate a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress, and send the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

[0038] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and an executable program code stored in the memory and runnable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the steps of the method described in the first aspect when executing the executable program code.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which executable program code is stored. The executable program code includes execution instructions, and the execution instructions are used to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0040] In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application. The computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0041] It can be seen that in an embodiment of the present application, first, first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter are received, where the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than the first threshold within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than the second threshold, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than the third threshold; then, the power to be compensated on the grid side and multiple target battery cabinets are determined, and the target battery cabinets are used to perform a discharge action to the grid side in the current scenario; then, if it is detected that the power to be compensated is greater than the first preset output power, a first control instruction is generated according to the first fault information and the second fault information, and the first control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter, where the first control instruction is used to adjust the ranges of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse; then, a discharge instruction is generated according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and the discharge instruction is sent to the multiple target battery cabinets; then, the voltage recovery progress on the grid side is determined; finally, a second control instruction is generated according to the voltage recovery progress, and the second control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

[0042] This application uses a first smart fuse and multiple second smart fuses to collaboratively perform fault judgment, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of fault judgment; at the same time, through the communication relationship between the energy storage inverter, multiple battery cabinets, and the energy management server, signaling interaction is carried out, so that the energy management server can monitor the discharge process in real time and dynamically adjust the parameter threshold of the smart fuse, and then when discharging to the grid side through the battery cabinet, the smart fuse can have a stronger tolerance to normal current fluctuations and short-term overloads, avoiding false operation during normal overload operation, ensuring that the battery cabinet can continuously and stably supply power to the grid, providing effective energy support for the grid, and ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a first grid-side fault handling method based on a smart fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a second method for handling grid-side faults based on smart fuses provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a third method for handling grid-side faults based on smart fuses provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a system architecture diagram of another energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the functional units of a grid-side fault handling device based on an intelligent fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the functional units of another grid-side fault handling device based on smart fuses provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device proposed in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0054] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0055] In scenarios where the energy storage system supplies power to the grid, if the grid-side voltage suddenly drops, a fixed threshold voltage protection strategy is used to quickly disconnect the energy storage system from the grid when the voltage drops below a certain value. This strategy cannot distinguish between fault sags and normal sags, resulting in unnecessary disconnection from the grid. Furthermore, disconnection interrupts the discharge process, directly affecting the discharge benefit.

[0056] Furthermore, if the voltage on the grid side suddenly drops while the battery cabinet is in a charging state, it will exacerbate the energy gap in the grid, which conflicts with the fault handling goal.

[0057] In response to the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a grid-side fault handling method and related devices based on smart fuses. The embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system 100 includes an energy management server 10, an energy storage converter 20, and a battery pack 30. The energy storage converter 20 includes a first smart fuse 201; the battery pack 30 includes multiple battery cabinets, each of which includes a smart fuse and a battery management module. For example, the battery pack 30 includes a first battery cabinet 301, a second battery cabinet 302, and a third battery cabinet 303. The first battery cabinet 301 includes a second smart fuse 3011 and a first battery management module 3012, the second battery cabinet 302 includes a third smart fuse 3021 and a second battery management module 3022, and the third battery cabinet 303 includes a fourth smart fuse 3031 and a third battery management module 3032.

[0059] Among them, the energy storage inverter 20 includes a first port, a second port and multiple third ports. The first port is connected to the grid side, the second port is communicated with the energy management server, and a single third port is connected to a single battery cabinet. Each smart fuse in the battery cabinet is connected to the battery management module, and each battery management module is communicated with the energy management server.

[0060] Among them, if the grid-side voltage drops suddenly, for example, from 400V to 250V, the first smart fuse 201 in the energy storage converter 20 monitors the current and temperature in real time, and the second smart fuse 3011, the third smart fuse 3021, and the fourth smart fuse 3031 in the battery pack 30 synchronously monitor the corresponding branch current and temperature in real time. Through the hard-wired channel, they interact with the energy management server 10 or the corresponding battery management module, so that the energy management server 10 quickly receives fault data, makes fault decisions, and issues instructions. At the same time, the energy management server 10 continuously monitors the grid voltage, realizes real-time monitoring of the discharge process and dynamic adjustment of the smart fuse parameter threshold, thereby providing effective energy support for the grid, ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system 100, and avoiding equipment damage due to problems such as overcurrent and overheating.

[0061] Based on this, the present application provides a grid-side fault handling method and related devices based on intelligent fuses. The present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the first grid-side fault handling method based on smart fuses provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the method is applied to an energy management system (EMS) server in an energy storage system. The energy storage system also includes an energy storage converter and multiple battery cabinets. The energy storage converter includes a first smart fuse, and a single battery cabinet includes a second smart fuse. The second smart fuse is communicatively connected to the energy management server. The energy storage converter includes a first port, a second port, and multiple third ports. The first port is connected to the grid side, the second port is communicatively connected to the energy management server, and a single third port is connected to the single battery cabinet. The method includes the following steps:

[0063] S210, receiving first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter;

[0064] Among them, the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than the first threshold within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second intelligent fuse is greater than the second threshold, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second intelligent fuse is greater than the third threshold.

[0065] A single battery cabinet also includes a battery management module, and the second intelligent fuse is connected to the EMS server through the battery management system (BMS).

[0066] Among them, when the PCS detects a sudden drop in grid voltage that lasts for i milliseconds, the current of the first smart fuse in the PCS is immediately captured through an external high-speed sampling module, and the shell temperature of the first smart fuse is detected by the temperature sensor in the PCS.

[0067] The external high-speed sampling module is independent of the control loop of the PCS, and sends the current of the first intelligent fuse to the PCS after detecting it.

[0068] Among them, the external high-speed sampling module has higher sampling accuracy and faster response speed. It can sample the current signal multiple times in a very short time and accurately capture the instantaneous changes in current. It is more timely and accurate than the detection of the smart fuse itself. It can detect abnormal surges in current in the first time and provide accurate data support for subsequent protection actions.

[0069] The external high-speed sampling module also collects rich current data, allowing not only to determine whether there has been a current surge but also to analyze characteristics such as the current waveform and frequency. In-depth processing of this data provides a more comprehensive understanding of the circuit's operating status and helps accurately determine the cause of the current surge, such as whether it is caused by a short circuit, overload, or other fault, thus providing a basis for the PCS to take more appropriate protective measures.

[0070] By using the high-speed sampling module to collect the current from the first smart fuse, the current detection function can be relatively separated from the smart fuse, preventing interference and impact on the detection circuit within the smart fuse, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system. Moreover, even if the smart fuse fails, the high-speed sampling module can still operate independently and continue to monitor the current, providing additional safety and enhancing system stability.

[0071] During a sudden voltage drop, the PCS may enter current limiting mode or overload mode to maintain output power, causing the current to rise sharply in a short period of time, such as reaching 1 to 3 times the rated current. At the same time, a short-term high current shock may cause the internal resistance element of the smart fuse to heat up instantly, causing the shell temperature to rise.

[0072] For example, when the grid voltage suddenly drops from 400V to 280V, or 70% of its rated value, for 10 milliseconds, the high-speed sampling module samples the current of the first smart fuse at a sampling frequency of 100kHz. The sampling result shows a surge in current from 500A to 800A. Simultaneously, the temperature sensor detects a housing temperature of 55°C at a sampling frequency of 1Hz. 10ms is the transient disturbance duration that most devices can withstand.

[0073] The collected voltage signal is processed by the PCS to calculate the effective value of the voltage, which is then compared with a preset threshold to determine whether the voltage is within a normal range. For example, the calculation can be performed using a fast Fourier transform algorithm.

[0074] At the same time, the second intelligent fuse in the battery cabinet will detect the corresponding branch current and temperature. For example, if it detects that the corresponding branch current suddenly increases by 60%, from 375A to 600A, and the temperature increases from 45°C to 58°C, and determines that the instantaneous rate of change of current and the instantaneous rate of change of temperature are both greater than the preset threshold, the abnormality will be immediately reported to the corresponding BMS, and then reported to the PCS through the BMS.

[0075] Among them, the PCS receives the second fault information reported by the BMS, and after confirming that the effective voltage value is lower than the threshold, the PCS quickly sends the first fault information and the second fault information to the EMS server. The first fault information includes the real-time voltage on the grid side, and the current value and temperature value of the first smart fuse. The second fault information includes the current value and temperature value of the second smart fuse.

[0076] In one possible embodiment, when the second smart fuse detects the corresponding branch current and temperature, it determines whether to report an abnormality based on the instantaneous rate of change of the current and the temperature difference. Specifically, a temperature threshold preset in the BMS is obtained, and the difference between the detected temperature and the preset temperature threshold is calculated. If the difference is small, that is, less than the preset threshold, and the instantaneous rate of change of the current is high, the abnormality is reported to the corresponding BMS.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, after receiving the abnormality reported by the second smart fuse, the BMS will synchronously calculate the state of charge (SOC) of the corresponding battery cabinet, for example, SOC=85%, which meets the discharge conditions, mark it as available, and synchronously send it to the EMS server.

[0078] As can be seen, this application can quickly and accurately detect faults when the grid voltage suddenly drops. Furthermore, each smart fuse synchronously collects current and temperature, interacting with the EMS or BMS via a hardwired channel with a latency of less than 5ms, ensuring a double insurance for fault diagnosis.

[0079] S220: Determine the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets.

[0080] The target battery cabinet is used to perform a discharge operation toward the grid side in the current scenario.

[0081] The EMS server can quickly receive fault information and activate the grid support algorithm to calculate and allocate the output power of the energy storage device to fill the power supply gap caused by the fault. At the same time, while meeting the grid support requirements, it minimizes energy storage device losses and ensures that the energy storage device operates within safe thresholds to avoid overcharging, overdischarging, or equipment damage.

[0082] The power to be compensated on the grid side is determined based on the analysis of the power status before and after the fault. An exemplary power to be compensated is 1.2 MW.

[0083] In one possible implementation, a rapid battery cabinet screening strategy can be developed, using SOC screening to quickly locate multiple high-state-of-charge battery cabinets with an SOC range of 82.3% to 91.7% and a total stored energy of 4.8MWh. The screening results are then weighted and scored across multiple dimensions based on health and responsiveness, combined with calculations of the power to be compensated, to select the target number of battery cabinets.

[0084] For example, based on the energy stored in the battery cabinet and the calculated power to be compensated, it is determined that three battery cabinets need to be screened out, the health status weight of the battery cabinet is set to 40%, the charge and discharge power margin weight is set to 30%, and the physical location weight is set to 30%. The three optimal battery cabinets are screened out, and the battery cabinet numbers are BC-03, BC-17, and BC-29, respectively. Their current output power is 0, and they meet the conditions for immediate response.

[0085] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a second method for handling grid-side faults based on smart fuses provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, after determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, the method further includes the following steps:

[0086] S310: Determine whether the multiple target battery cabinets have any historical fault hazards.

[0087] After screening out the battery cabinets, historical data for each battery cabinet is obtained, covering multi-dimensional information such as equipment operating status, electrical parameters, mechanical characteristics, fault records, etc., such as electrical parameter monitoring data such as current and voltage, mechanical status monitoring data, temperature and temperature rise data, operation and fault history records, etc.

[0088] Among them, based on historical data, it is determined whether multiple target battery cabinets have previously experienced or have potential faults. If a target battery cabinet has a historical potential fault, the protection parameters of the second intelligent fuse in the target battery cabinet need to be adjusted to protect the target battery cabinet.

[0089] S320: If yes, obtain third fault information corresponding to the historical fault hidden danger.

[0090] S330: Generate a fifth control instruction according to the third fault information, and send the fifth control instruction to the target battery cabinet having the historical fault potential.

[0091] The fifth control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple third protection parameters of the second smart fuse.

[0092] The plurality of third protection parameters include a fusing threshold and a temperature threshold.

[0093] The fifth control instruction is received by the battery management module in the target battery cabinet, and then the range of multiple protection parameters of the second smart fuse in the target battery cabinet is relaxed by the battery management module.

[0094] In a possible embodiment, generating the fifth control instruction based on the third fault information includes: determining a first degree of correlation between the third fault information and the first fault information; and determining a second degree of correlation between the third fault information and the second fault information; determining the fault level of the historical fault hidden danger; and generating the fifth control instruction based on the first degree of correlation, the second degree of correlation and the fault level.

[0095] Among them, whether the historical fault hidden danger will affect the control strategy under the current fault can be determined through the first correlation degree and the second correlation degree.

[0096] Specifically, the third fault information, the first fault information, and the second fault information are structured to determine the device identification, fault type, fault location, occurrence time, duration, trigger conditions, treatment measures, maintenance records, etc. Key features are then extracted, such as common features, including fault type, device model, fault location, and environmental conditions. For example, time series features include the frequency of historical faults, intervals, and the time difference from the current fault. Finally, a fault causal relationship tree is established. The rule engine matches the "parent node → child node" relationship to determine whether there is a causal progressive association and, therefore, the degree of association.

[0097] At the same time, determine the severity of historical fault hazards.

[0098] When both the first correlation degree and the second correlation degree are greater than the preset correlation degree, it is determined that the historical fault potential will affect the current fault, and the protection parameters of the smart fuse in the battery cabinet need to be adjusted to meet the discharge needs and ensure the safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0099] In a possible embodiment, weights corresponding to the first correlation degree, the second correlation degree, and the fault level are determined, weighted summed to obtain a target value, and adjustment levels of multiple protection parameters of the second smart fuse are determined based on the target value.

[0100] Furthermore, the EMS server will optimize the discharge strategy of the battery cabinet based on historical fault hazards and the current operating status data of the battery cabinet.

[0101] For example, based on historical data, a BC-03 battery cabinet was found to have a contactor adhesion risk. A special command was sent to its BMS to increase the tripping threshold of the second smart fuse by 2 times its rated value and relax the temperature threshold to 65°C, allowing for short-term, high-current discharge. Furthermore, upon receiving this control command, the BC-03 battery cabinet executed it, quickly completing the threshold update and activating the discharge contactor.

[0102] Contactors are key components in battery cabinets that control the on / off switching of circuits, used to start and stop charging and discharging circuits and isolate faults. Contactor sticking is a potential risk whereby contactors may stick together due to arcing, mechanical wear, or aging, leading to uncontrolled charging and discharging. Even if the BMS / EMS issues a disconnect command, the circuit remains open, potentially causing overcharging, overdischarging, or a short circuit.

[0103] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the threshold of the smart fuse in the battery cabinet is dynamically adjusted with reference to historical faults, allowing short-term overload, which is conducive to avoiding unnecessary shutdowns, reducing false operation losses, improving equipment operating efficiency, and ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0104] S230: If it is detected that the power to be compensated is greater than a first preset output power, a first control instruction is generated according to the first fault information and the second fault information, and the first control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter.

[0105] The first regulating instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse.

[0106] When the grid is short of power, to ensure the power supply of critical loads, the energy storage system's battery cabinets must discharge power to the grid. Therefore, the battery cabinets must output high power within a short period of time. In this scenario, the system's operating status may fluctuate, and the current may also vary to a certain extent. This high-power discharge may cause the smart fuse to falsely trigger protection, thereby affecting the normal power supply of the energy storage system. Therefore, the protection parameter range of the smart fuse must be temporarily adjusted to adapt to the overall system power requirements and protection logic.

[0107] The first fault information also includes the growth rates of the current and temperature of the first smart fuse, while the second fault information also includes the growth rates of the current and temperature of the second smart fuse. Based on these two growth rates, the current fault level is determined, and the adjustment levels of the multiple first protection parameters in the first control instruction are determined in combination with the power to be compensated.

[0108] The plurality of first protection parameters include a fusing threshold and a breaking time.

[0109] For example, the fusing threshold of the first intelligent fuse is increased by 1.5 times the rated value, and the breaking time is extended from 10ms to 100ms, thereby delaying the fusing action and avoiding system interruption due to false operation due to short-term abnormal current.

[0110] It can be seen that in the present application, the melting threshold of the first intelligent fuse is increased and the breaking time is extended, allowing the system to withstand overload in a short period of time and avoid melting due to excessive instantaneous current. This can make the fuse more tolerant to normal current fluctuations and short-term overloads, reduce unnecessary actions, and better distinguish between normal high-load operations and abnormal faults (such as short circuits and overheating), avoid false triggering, and improve the stability and reliability of the system.

[0111] Furthermore, after receiving the first control instruction, the PCS quickly completes parameter verification and confirmation.

[0112] S240: Generate a discharge instruction according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and send the discharge instruction to the multiple target battery cabinets.

[0113] The operating status data of each target battery cabinet is obtained, and a discharge strategy is generated by combining the calculated power to be compensated, the expanded parameter threshold of the first smart fuse, and the expanded parameter threshold of the second smart fuse.

[0114] Specifically, the parameter threshold of the expanded first smart fuse and the parameter threshold of the expanded second smart fuse are used as constraints. According to the operating status data and the power to be compensated, the objective function is constructed and solved. By balancing the discharge current of each battery cabinet, the protection of a certain fuse due to overload is avoided, and the overall system loss is reduced.

[0115] In a possible embodiment, the parameter threshold of the expanded first smart fuse, the parameter threshold of the expanded second smart fuse, and historical fault hazards can be used as constraints, and an objective function can be constructed and solved based on the operating status data and the power to be compensated.

[0116] S250: Determine the voltage recovery progress on the grid side.

[0117] The EMS server receives real-time grid-side voltage data from the PCS, providing real-time information on the voltage recovery progress. For example, the voltage recovery progress might be: 70ms to 300V, 100ms to 320V, reaching the system-defined recovery threshold. The remaining shortfall is then compensated by adjusting the power of other battery cabinets.

[0118] S260: Generate a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress, and send the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

[0119] In a possible embodiment, the second control instruction is generated according to the voltage recovery progress, and the second control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet, including: when it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is greater than or equal to the first preset progress, the remaining compensation power is determined according to the voltage recovery progress; when it is detected that the remaining compensation power is greater than the second preset output power, a power increase instruction and a third control instruction are generated for at least one target battery cabinet among the multiple target battery cabinets, and the power increase instruction and the third control instruction are sent to the at least one target battery cabinet, the power increase instruction is used to instruct to increase the output power of the at least one target battery cabinet, and the third control instruction is used to instruct to increase the output power of the at least one target battery cabinet. The control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple second protection parameters of each second smart fuse in at least one second smart fuse, and the at least one second smart fuse corresponds to the at least one target battery cabinet one by one; if it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than or equal to the second preset progress within the second preset time, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and the at least one target battery cabinet, the second preset progress is greater than the first preset progress, and the fourth control instruction is used to initialize the protection parameters of the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse.

[0120] The EMS continuously monitors the grid voltage and determines that the voltage recovery has reached the first stage when the voltage recovery progress is greater than or equal to a first preset progress. Upon detecting that the voltage recovery has reached the first stage, the EMS calculates the remaining supplementary power. Based on the remaining supplementary power and the second preset output power, it determines whether the system has the potential for increased power, that is, whether the energy storage system's power margin is being maximized.

[0121] When the remaining supplementary power is greater than the second preset output power, it is determined that the system has the potential for power increase and there is at least one battery cabinet that can increase the output power. Then, a power increase instruction and a control instruction are issued to a certain battery cabinet or multiple battery cabinets to increase the discharge power, shorten the duration of the power grid energy shortage, and increase the discharge benefit of the energy storage system.

[0122] Specifically, the number of target battery cabinets to which the power increase instruction is sent may be determined according to the amount of the remaining supplementary power.

[0123] Among them, when it is detected that the voltage recovery progress reaches the first stage, the key parameters of each battery cabinet are obtained, including SOC, health status, current output power, communication status and response speed.

[0124] In a possible embodiment, the target battery cabinets that need to increase discharge power may be determined according to the SOC priority strategy, sorted from high to low SOC, and power increase instructions may be issued preferentially to battery cabinets with high SOC.

[0125] In a possible embodiment, the target battery cabinets requiring increased discharge power may be determined based on a health status priority strategy, and the battery cabinets may be sorted from high to low in terms of health status, with battery cabinets having high health being called first.

[0126] In one possible embodiment, the key parameters may be weighted and summed, sorted by scores, and power increase instructions may be issued preferentially to battery cabinets with higher scores, such as SOC × 0.5 + health status × 0.3 + response speed × 0.2.

[0127] After determining the target battery cabinet to which the power increase instruction is to be issued, power increase allocation and safety verification are performed, and then the power increase instruction is issued. The power increase instruction includes the target power value and execution time.

[0128] Among them, the progress of power grid restoration is continuously monitored. If a battery cabinet is unable to meet the power increase requirements in the future, it will be reallocated to the suboptimal candidate to achieve dynamic adjustment.

[0129] Among them, the power increase instruction will require the battery cabinet to output greater power, resulting in an increase in discharge current and an increase in heat generated by internal resistance, which may cause the temperature to rise. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the multiple protection parameters of the second smart fuse in the battery cabinet to achieve dynamic matching of load requirements, so that the smart fuse can temporarily withstand the high current and high temperature after the power increase, avoiding protection triggered by instantaneous load fluctuations or normal high current operation, while retaining the protection capability against abnormal overcurrent.

[0130] The plurality of second protection parameters include a fuse threshold and an allowable short-term overload duration.

[0131] The control levels of the multiple second protection parameters of each second intelligent fuse are related to the target power value in the power increase instruction.

[0132] For example, if the first preset progress is 80%, and the voltage returns to 320V after 100ms, the remaining compensation power is calculated to be 0.8MW. The number of battery cabinets targeted for the power increase command is determined to be 1, and the target battery cabinet requiring increased discharge power is determined to be BC-29. Simultaneously, the tripping threshold of the second smart fuse in the BC-29 battery cabinet is increased by 2.2 times its rated value, and a short-term overload of 50ms is permitted.

[0133] The EMS server also receives feedback from the battery cabinets when they execute commands. For example, the BC-29 battery cabinet increases the current to 1050A and the temperature to 61°C within 150ms, providing synchronous feedback indicating successful power increase.

[0134] In a possible embodiment, after sending the power increase instruction and the third control instruction to the at least one target battery cabinet, the method further includes: obtaining the temperature change rate of multiple second intelligent fuses corresponding to the multiple target battery cabinets; generating a discharge power adjustment instruction based on the temperature change rate, and sending the discharge power adjustment instruction to the energy storage inverter.

[0135] Among them, PCS will simultaneously monitor the temperature rise rate, set the temperature rise safety threshold, predict the overheating risk, and then report it to the EMS server, and issue the discharge power adjustment instruction through the EMS server.

[0136] For example, the temperature rise safety threshold is 0.1°C / ms. If the temperature rise rate during discharge is detected to be 0.0467°C / ms, it does not exceed the temperature rise safety threshold and does not need to be reported to the EMS server. If the temperature rise safety threshold is exceeded, it is reported to the EMS server, which determines whether the discharge power needs to be reduced, determines the percentage of the reduction, and generates a discharge power adjustment instruction.

[0137] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the overheating risk is predicted by the temperature rise rate, thereby preventing thermal runaway.

[0138] In a possible embodiment, if it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than or equal to the second preset progress within the second preset time, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage inverter and the at least one target battery cabinet, including: if it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than the second preset progress within the second preset time, the fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction of the first smart fuse is sent to the energy storage inverter; after a preset interval time for generating the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse, the fourth control instruction for the at least one second smart fuse is generated, and the fourth control instruction of the at least one second smart fuse is sent to the at least one target battery cabinet, and the preset interval time is related to the disconnection time of the first smart fuse.

[0139] When the voltage recovery progress is detected to be greater than a second preset progress, the duration is recorded. When the duration reaches the second preset time, the EMS initiates the reset process and broadcasts the reset command to the entire network. First, multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse in the PCS are initialized, the fusing threshold is restored to 600A, the tripping time is restored to 10ms, and a fault log is generated and uploaded. For example, the second preset progress is 85%.

[0140] The fault log records information from the time the fault is detected to the time the voltage recovery progress is greater than the second preset progress.

[0141] After initializing multiple first protection parameters of the first intelligent fuse in the PCS, after a 100ms disconnection time, the battery cabinet verifies the battery voltage. For example, if a single cell is 3.85V, it is normal, and the verification is completed. At the same time, the discharge contactor is closed and equalization charging is prepared.

[0142] After another 100ms disconnection time, the protection parameters of all smart fuses are restored, and the EMS generates a fault report including information such as the minimum voltage and maximum discharge current. It also simultaneously checks for component damage.

[0143] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the first smart fuse and multiple second smart fuses are used to collaboratively perform fault judgment, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of fault judgment; at the same time, through the communication relationship between the energy storage inverter, multiple battery cabinets, and the energy management server, signaling interaction is carried out, so that the energy management server can monitor the discharge process in real time and dynamically adjust the parameter threshold of the smart fuse. Then, when discharging to the grid side through the battery cabinet, the smart fuse can have a stronger tolerance to normal current fluctuations and short-term overloads, avoiding false operation during normal overload operation, ensuring that the battery cabinet can continuously and stably supply power to the grid, providing effective energy support for the grid, and ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0144] At the same time, through the comprehensive decision-making and scheduling of the EMS server, the discharge strategy of the energy storage system can be optimized, and the utilization efficiency and economic benefits of the energy storage system can be improved.

[0145] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a third method for handling grid-side faults based on smart fuses provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0146] S410, fault perception and data collection.

[0147] Among them, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a system architecture diagram of another energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the energy storage system includes an energy management server, an energy storage converter, a high-speed acquisition module, a first battery cabinet, a second battery cabinet, a third battery cabinet, a fourth battery cabinet and a fifth battery cabinet.

[0148] Among them, the first port of the energy storage converter is connected to the grid-side DC bus, the second port is communicated with the energy management server, multiple third ports are respectively connected to the first battery cabinet, the second battery cabinet, the third battery cabinet, the fourth battery cabinet and the fifth battery cabinet, and the fourth port is connected to the high-speed acquisition module.

[0149] The energy storage converter is provided with a first intelligent fuse. Each battery cabinet is provided with an intelligent fuse and a battery management module, each intelligent fuse is connected to a corresponding battery management module, and each battery management module is in communication with an energy management server. The first battery cabinet includes a second intelligent fuse and a first battery management module, the second battery cabinet includes a third intelligent fuse and a second battery management module, the third battery cabinet includes a fourth intelligent fuse and a third battery management module, the fourth battery cabinet includes a fifth intelligent fuse and a fourth battery management module, and the fifth battery cabinet includes a sixth intelligent fuse and a fifth battery management module.

[0150] When the PCS detects that the grid-side voltage suddenly drops from 400V to 280V and lasts for 10ms, the external high-speed sampling module immediately captures the current surge of the first smart fuse in the PCS at a sampling frequency of 100kHz, which increases from 500A to 800A. At the same time, the temperature sensor in the PCS is activated to detect the temperature of the first smart fuse shell, which is 55°C.

[0151] Among them, after the PCS calculates and confirms that the effective value of the voltage is lower than the threshold through the fast Fourier transform algorithm, the PCS sends a fault pre-alarm containing voltage, current, temperature and other information to the EMS server within 5ms.

[0152] At the same time, the smart fuse in a battery cabinet detected a sudden 70% increase in the corresponding branch current and a temperature of 58°C, close to the BMS preset threshold of 60°C. It immediately reported the abnormality to the BMS to which it belongs. The BMS simultaneously calculated the SOC of the battery cabinet to be 85%, meeting the discharge conditions, marked it as available, and reported it to the EMS server.

[0153] Among them, the completion time of the fault perception and data collection steps is 0-15ms.

[0154] S420, decisions and instructions are issued.

[0155] The EMS server receives fault data transmitted by the PCS and battery management module within 15ms, activates the grid support algorithm, and prioritizes the first, third, and fifth battery cabinets with a SOC greater than 80%. It then calculates that 1.3MW of power needs to be added.

[0156] Furthermore, based on historical data, it was discovered that the third battery cabinet had a risk of contactor adhesion. A special instruction was sent to its third battery management module to temporarily increase the melting threshold of the fourth intelligent fuse from 500A to 1000A, and the temperature threshold was relaxed to 65°C, allowing short-term high-current discharge.

[0157] At the same time, a threshold adjustment instruction is sent to the PCS to increase the threshold of the first intelligent fuse from 600A to 900A and extend the breaking time from 10ms to 100ms.

[0158] Furthermore, the PCS completes parameter verification and confirmation within 25ms, and the fourth intelligent fuse of the third battery cabinet completes threshold update within 30ms, activating the discharge contactor.

[0159] The completion time of the decision-making and instruction issuance steps is 15-30ms.

[0160] S430, dynamic support and real-time regulation.

[0161] Among them, after the PCS opened the busbar, it was monitored that the third battery cabinet was discharging at a current of 950A, which did not exceed the 1000A threshold, and the temperature was 63°C, which was still within the relaxed range.

[0162] Among them, the EMS server continuously monitors the grid voltage. When the voltage rises to 320V after 100ms, the remaining gap is calculated to be 0.8MW. It sends power increase and control instructions to the fifth battery cabinet to increase the discharge power and temporarily raise the melting threshold of the sixth smart fuse to 1100A, allowing a short-term overload of 50ms.

[0163] Among them, the fifth battery cabinet increased the current to 1050A within 150ms and the temperature to 61°C, and the synchronous feedback power increase was successful.

[0164] The PCS simultaneously monitors the temperature rise rate to predict overheating risks. If an overheating risk is detected, it is reported to the EMS server, which then issues a command to reduce discharge power.

[0165] Specifically, if the PCS predicts the risk of overheating, it can also actively reduce the discharge power.

[0166] Among them, when it is detected that the voltage recovers to 340V at 180ms, the PCS triggers a 300ms recovery countdown.

[0167] Among them, the completion time of dynamic support and real-time control steps is 30-180ms.

[0168] S440, system reset and fault archiving.

[0169] Among them, after confirming that the voltage has met the standard for 120ms, the EMS server starts the reset process in 300ms and broadcasts the reset command to the entire network. The PCS is the first to recover, that is, the melting threshold of the first intelligent fuse is restored to 600A, the disconnection time is restored to 10ms, and a 180ms fault log is uploaded.

[0170] Among them, the BMS corresponding to the first battery cabinet, the third battery cabinet and the fifth battery cabinet respectively completes the battery voltage verification in 400ms, closes the discharge contactor and prepares for equalization charging.

[0171] After 500ms, all smart fuse parameters reset, and the EMS server generates a fault report, recording the minimum voltage of 280V, the duration of 5ms, and the maximum discharge current of 1050A, the duration of 150m, confirming that no components are damaged. The system then enters no-load operation for 10 minutes, checking that the temperature of all smart fuses is less than or equal to 45°C, completing the hidden fault troubleshooting.

[0172] The system reset and fault archiving steps take 180-500ms to complete.

[0173] As can be seen, this embodiment achieves dual-measurement collaboration. Each smart fuse simultaneously collects current and temperature, interacting with the BMS / EMS via a hardwired channel to ensure dual-insurance for fault diagnosis. Dynamic threshold adaptation is also implemented. Based on the progress of grid recovery, the EMS server adjusts the smart fuse thresholds in a hierarchical manner, allowing for short-term overloads while preventing thermal runaway through temperature ramps.

[0174] At the same time, fault memory and backtracking can be performed. The PCS records the 180ms fault waveform, and the battery cabinet stores the 100ms current curve. The EMS server can optimize subsequent discharge strategies based on historical data, such as derating the use of the third battery cabinet.

[0175] In addition, this process achieves a 35ms closed loop from detection to decision-making to execution, which is approximately 5.7 times faster than traditional solutions, and ensures that voltage support and system recovery are completed within 150ms, meeting the strict requirements of national standards.

[0176] For the same example as above, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the functional units of a grid-side fault handling device based on an intelligent fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse includes: a receiving unit 61, used to receive the first fault information and the second fault information sent by the energy storage converter, the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than the first threshold value within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than the second threshold value, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than the third threshold value; a first determining unit 62, used to determine the power to be compensated on the grid side and multiple target battery cabinets, the target battery cabinets are used to perform a discharge action to the grid side in the current scenario; a first generating unit 63, used to detect the If the power to be compensated is greater than the first preset output power, a first control instruction is generated according to the first fault information and the second fault information, and the first control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter, and the first control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple first protection parameters of the first intelligent fuse; a second generation unit 64 is used to generate a discharge instruction according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and send the discharge instruction to the multiple target battery cabinets; a second determination unit 65 is used to determine the voltage recovery progress on the grid side; a third generation unit 66 is used to generate a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress, and send the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

[0177] In one possible embodiment, in terms of generating a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress and sending the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet, the third generation unit 66 is specifically used to: when it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is greater than or equal to the first preset progress, determine the remaining compensation power according to the voltage recovery progress; when it is detected that the remaining compensation power is greater than the second preset output power, generate a power increase instruction and a third control instruction for at least one target battery cabinet among the multiple target battery cabinets, and send the power increase instruction and the third control instruction to the at least one target battery cabinet, wherein the power increase instruction is used to instruct to increase the output power of the at least one target battery cabinet. The third control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple second protection parameters of each second smart fuse in at least one second smart fuse, and the at least one second smart fuse corresponds one-to-one to the at least one target battery cabinet; if it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than or equal to the second preset progress within the second preset time, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage inverter and the at least one target battery cabinet, the second preset progress is greater than the first preset progress, and the fourth control instruction is used to initialize the protection parameters of the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse.

[0178] In one possible embodiment, when it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than or equal to the second preset progress within the second preset time, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage inverter and the at least one target battery cabinet. The third generation unit 66 is specifically further used to: when it is detected that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than the second preset progress within the second preset time, the fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction of the first smart fuse is sent to the energy storage inverter; after a preset interval time for generating the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse, the fourth control instruction for the at least one second smart fuse is generated, and the fourth control instruction of the at least one second smart fuse is sent to the at least one target battery cabinet, and the preset interval time is related to the disconnection time of the first smart fuse.

[0179] In one possible embodiment, after determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and multiple target battery cabinets, the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse is specifically further used to: determine whether there are historical fault hazards in the multiple target battery cabinets; if so, obtain the third fault information corresponding to the historical fault hazards; generate a fifth control instruction based on the third fault information, and send the fifth control instruction to the target battery cabinet with the historical fault hazards, and the fifth control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple third protection parameters of the second smart fuse.

[0180] In one possible embodiment, in terms of generating the fifth control instruction based on the third fault information, the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the intelligent fuse is specifically further used to: determine a first degree of correlation between the third fault information and the first fault information; and, determine a second degree of correlation between the third fault information and the second fault information; determine the fault level of the historical fault hidden danger; and generate the fifth control instruction based on the first degree of correlation, the second degree of correlation and the fault level.

[0181] In a possible embodiment, the multiple first protection parameters include a fuse threshold and a disconnection time, the multiple second protection parameters include the fuse threshold and the allowable short-term overload duration, and the multiple third protection parameters include the fuse threshold and a temperature threshold; the first adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple first protection parameters is different from the second adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple second protection parameters, and the second adjustment degree is different from the third adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple third protection parameters.

[0182] In one possible embodiment, after sending the power increase instruction and the third control instruction to the at least one target battery cabinet, the grid-side fault handling device 60 based on the smart fuse is specifically further used to: obtain the temperature change rate of multiple second smart fuses corresponding to the multiple target battery cabinets; generate a discharge power adjustment instruction according to the temperature change rate, and send the discharge power adjustment instruction to the energy storage inverter.

[0183] It can be understood that since the method embodiment and the device embodiment are different presentation forms of the same technical concept, the content of the method embodiment part in this application should be synchronously adapted to the device embodiment part and will not be repeated here.

[0184] In the case of integrated units, see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the functional units of another grid-side fault handling device based on an intelligent fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7As shown, the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse includes: a processing module 602 and a communication module 601. The processing module 602 is used to control and manage the actions of the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse, for example, executing the steps of the receiving unit 61, the first determination unit 62, the first generation unit 63, the second generation unit 64, the second determination unit 65 and the third generation unit 66, and / or other processes for executing the technology described herein. The communication module 601 is used for interaction between the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse and other devices. Figure 7 As shown, the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse may further include a storage module 603, and the storage module 603 is used to store program codes and data of the grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse.

[0185] The processing module 602 may be a processor or controller, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like. The communication module 601 may be a transceiver, an RF circuit, or a communication interface, and the like. The storage module 603 may be a memory.

[0186] Among them, all relevant contents of each scenario involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here. The above-mentioned grid-side fault processing device 60 based on the smart fuse can execute the above-mentioned Figure 2 The grid-side fault handling method based on intelligent fuse is shown.

[0187] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device proposed in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8As shown, the electronic device 800 includes a processor 810, a memory 820, a communication interface 830 and one or more programs 821. The one or more programs 821 are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the processor. When the program is executed, it includes part or all of the steps of any one of the grid-side fault handling methods based on smart fuses recorded in the above method embodiments. The processor, memory and communication interface are interconnected and complete communication with each other.

[0188] The memory can be a volatile memory such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or a non-volatile memory such as a mechanical hard disk. The memory is used to store a set of executable program codes, and the processor is used to call the executable program codes stored in the memory to execute some or all of the steps of any of the grid-side fault handling methods based on smart fuses described in the embodiments of the grid-side fault handling method based on smart fuses.

[0189] It can be seen that the electronic device 800 described in the embodiment of the present application first receives first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter, where the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than the first threshold within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than the second threshold, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than the third threshold; then determines the power to be compensated on the grid side and multiple target battery cabinets, where the target battery cabinets are used to perform a discharge action to the grid side in the current scenario; then, if it is detected that the power to be compensated is greater than the first preset output power, a first control instruction is generated based on the first fault information and the second fault information, and the first control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter, where the first control instruction is used to adjust the ranges of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse; then, a discharge instruction is generated based on the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and the discharge instruction is sent to the multiple target battery cabinets; then, the voltage recovery progress on the grid side is determined; finally, a second control instruction is generated based on the voltage recovery progress, and the second control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

[0190] This application uses a first smart fuse and multiple second smart fuses to collaboratively perform fault judgment, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of fault judgment; at the same time, through the communication relationship between the energy storage inverter, multiple battery cabinets, and the energy management server, signaling interaction is carried out, so that the energy management server can monitor the discharge process in real time and dynamically adjust the parameter threshold of the smart fuse, and then when discharging to the grid side through the battery cabinet, the smart fuse can have a stronger tolerance to normal current fluctuations and short-term overloads, avoiding false operation during normal overload operation, ensuring that the battery cabinet can continuously and stably supply power to the grid, providing effective energy support for the grid, and ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0191] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, and the computer program enables a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any method described in the above method embodiments, and the above computer includes an electronic device.

[0192] The present application also provides a computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program product may be a software installation package, and the computer may comprise an electronic device.

[0193] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method implementations, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the implementations described in the specification are all optional implementations, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for this application.

[0194] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0195] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0196] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of this embodiment.

[0197] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software program modules.

[0198] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code.

[0199] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0200] The above is a detailed introduction to the implementation methods of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above implementation methods is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A grid-side fault handling method based on an intelligent fuse, characterized in that: An energy management server applied to an energy storage system, the energy storage system further comprising an energy storage converter and multiple battery cabinets, the energy storage converter comprising a first intelligent fuse, a single battery cabinet comprising a second intelligent fuse, the second intelligent fuse being communicatively connected to the energy management server, the energy storage converter comprising a first port, a second port, and multiple third ports, the first port being connected to the grid side, the second port being communicatively connected to the energy management server, and a single third port being connected to the single battery cabinet, comprising: Receive first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter, where the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than a first threshold within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than a second threshold, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than a third threshold; Determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, wherein the target battery cabinets are used to perform a discharge action to the grid side in a current scenario; If it is detected that the power to be compensated is greater than a first preset output power, a first control instruction is generated according to the first fault information and the second fault information, and the first control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter, where the first control instruction is used to expand the range of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse, where the multiple first protection parameters include a fusing threshold and a breaking time; generating a discharge instruction according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and sending the discharge instruction to the multiple target battery cabinets; Determining a voltage recovery progress on the grid side; A second control instruction is generated according to the voltage recovery progress, and the second control instruction is sent to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The generating a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress and sending the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet includes: detecting that the voltage recovery progress is greater than or equal to a first preset progress, determining the remaining compensation power according to the voltage recovery progress; Upon detecting that the remaining compensation power is greater than the second preset output power, a power increase instruction and a third regulation instruction are generated for at least one target battery cabinet among the multiple target battery cabinets, and the power increase instruction and the third regulation instruction are sent to the at least one target battery cabinet, wherein the power increase instruction is used to instruct to increase the output power of the at least one target battery cabinet, and the third regulation instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple second protection parameters of each second smart fuse in the at least one second smart fuse, and the at least one second smart fuse corresponds to the at least one target battery cabinet on a one-to-one basis; If it is detected that within the second preset time, the voltage recovery progress continues to be greater than or equal to the second preset progress, a fourth control instruction is generated for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and the fourth control instruction is sent to the energy storage inverter and the at least one target battery cabinet. The second preset progress is greater than the first preset progress, and the fourth control instruction is used to initialize the protection parameters of the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The detecting that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than or equal to the second preset progress within the second preset time, generating a fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse and the at least one second smart fuse, and sending the fourth control instruction to the energy storage converter and the at least one target battery cabinet, includes: Upon detecting that the voltage recovery progress is continuously greater than the second preset progress within the second preset time, generating the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse, and sending the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse to the energy storage converter; After generating a preset interval time for the fourth control instruction for the first smart fuse, generate the fourth control instruction for the at least one second smart fuse, and send the fourth control instruction of the at least one second smart fuse to the at least one target battery cabinet, the preset interval time is related to the disconnection time of the first smart fuse.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After determining the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, the method further includes: Determining whether the multiple target battery cabinets have historical fault hazards; If yes, obtain the third fault information corresponding to the historical fault hidden danger; A fifth control instruction is generated according to the third fault information, and the fifth control instruction is sent to the target battery cabinet having the historical fault potential. The fifth control instruction is used to adjust the range of multiple third protection parameters of the second smart fuse.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Generating a fifth control instruction according to the third fault information includes: determining a first correlation degree between the third fault information and the first fault information; and determining a second correlation degree between the third fault information and the second fault information; Determining the fault level of the historical fault hidden danger; The fifth control instruction is generated according to the first correlation degree, the second correlation degree and the fault level.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The multiple second protection parameters include the fuse threshold and the allowable short-term overload duration, and the multiple third protection parameters include the fuse threshold and the temperature threshold; the first adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple first protection parameters is different from the second adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple second protection parameters, and the second adjustment degree is different from the third adjustment degree of the fuse threshold in the multiple third protection parameters.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After sending the power increase instruction and the third control instruction to the at least one target battery cabinet, the method further includes: Obtaining temperature change rates of multiple second smart fuses corresponding to the multiple target battery cabinets; A discharge power adjustment instruction is generated according to the temperature change rate, and the discharge power adjustment instruction is sent to the energy storage converter.

8. A grid-side fault handling device based on an intelligent fuse, characterized in that: An energy management server applied to an energy storage system, the energy storage system further comprising an energy storage converter and multiple battery cabinets, the energy storage converter comprising a first intelligent fuse, a single battery cabinet comprising a second intelligent fuse, the second intelligent fuse being communicatively connected to the energy management server, the energy storage converter comprising a first port, a second port, and multiple third ports, the first port being connected to the grid side, the second port being communicatively connected to the energy management server, and a single third port being connected to the single battery cabinet, comprising: a receiving unit, configured to receive first fault information and second fault information sent by the energy storage converter, wherein the first fault information is used to indicate that the effective value of the voltage on the grid side is continuously lower than a first threshold value within a first preset time, and the second fault information is used to indicate that the instantaneous change rate of the second current value of the second smart fuse is greater than a second threshold value, and the instantaneous change rate of the second temperature value of the second smart fuse is greater than a third threshold value; A first determining unit, configured to determine the power to be compensated on the grid side and a plurality of target battery cabinets, wherein the target battery cabinets are configured to perform a discharge operation to the grid side in a current scenario; a first generating unit, configured to, upon detecting that the power to be compensated is greater than a first preset output power, generate a first control instruction based on the first fault information and the second fault information, and send the first control instruction to the energy storage converter, wherein the first control instruction is configured to expand a range of multiple first protection parameters of the first smart fuse, the multiple first protection parameters including a fusing threshold and a breaking time; a second generating unit, configured to generate a discharge instruction according to the power to be compensated and the first control instruction, and send the discharge instruction to the plurality of target battery cabinets; A second determining unit, configured to determine a voltage recovery progress on the grid side; The third generating unit is configured to generate a second control instruction according to the voltage recovery progress, and send the second control instruction to the energy storage converter and at least one target battery cabinet.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A memory, a processor, and an executable program code stored in the memory and runnable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the steps of the grid-side fault processing method based on the smart fuse as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the executable program code.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores executable program code, which includes execution instructions for executing the steps of the grid-side fault processing method based on the smart fuse as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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