A strong water-rich coal roadway combined tunneling-anchor integrated machine and tunneling process

Abstract

The present application relates to coal roadway tunneling technical field, especially a kind of strong water-rich coal roadway combined type excavating anchor integrated machine and tunneling process, including excavating anchor integrated machine main body, further include: sorting box, detachably fixed and installed in the rear side of the excavating anchor integrated machine main body;First conveying belt, installed between the top of the excavating anchor integrated machine main body and the sorting box, for conveying the coal and gangue collected to the sorting box;Crushing assembly, installed in the interior of the sorting box, for crushing coal and gangue;Sorting assembly, installed in the interior of the sorting box, for sorting after the vibration generated by the excavating anchor integrated machine main body work cooperates with the action of air flow to the coal and gangue after crushing and output;This device is set through sorting assembly, so that coal and gangue are respectively transported outward after separation, so as to facilitate the sorting of coal and gangue during tunneling, so as to facilitate to improve the mining efficiency of coal and gangue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal roadway excavation, and in particular to a combined tunneling and anchoring machine and tunneling process for coal roadways with strong water content. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid tunneling construction technology using a combined tunneling and anchoring machine for long-distance coal roadways in water-rich areas is an advanced technology for efficient and safe coal mine roadway excavation under complex geological conditions. This technology combines advanced tunneling and anchoring equipment with optimized construction methods, aiming to increase tunneling speed, reduce construction costs, and ensure operational safety.

[0003] During the tunneling construction of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, the excavated coal and gangue need to be transported outwards and then separated. This results in a number of steps in the overall construction process. Furthermore, the excavated coal and gangue are relatively large in volume and occupy a lot of space during transportation, leading to increased transportation costs and reduced construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a combined tunneling and anchoring machine and tunneling process for coal and water-rich roadways.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a combined tunneling and anchoring machine for coal and water roadways, comprising a main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and further comprising: The sorting box is detachably and fixedly installed on the rear side of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine; The first conveyor belt is installed between the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the top of the sorting box, and is used to transport the collected coal and gangue to the sorting box; The crushing assembly, installed inside the sorting box, is used to crush coal and gangue; The first opening is located at the top of the sorting box, and the first conveyor belt transports coal and gangue through the first opening into the crushing assembly; The sorting component is installed inside the sorting box and is used to sort and output the crushed coal and gangue through the vibration generated by the operation of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine in conjunction with the airflow. A conveying assembly, installed between the crushing assembly and the sorting assembly, is used to convey the crushed coal and gangue to the sorting assembly; The sorting box is fixedly installed on the rear side of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, so that the sorting box moves synchronously when the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine moves. Then, the first conveyor belt is started, which transports the coal and gangue extracted during the tunneling process to the first opening. After passing through the first opening, the coal and gangue fall into the crushing component, which crushes the coal and gangue to the set particle size. Then, the coal and gangue enter the conveying component, which then transports them to the sorting component, thus ensuring that the crushed coal and gangue are properly separated. Coal and gangue enter the sorting unit directly. The sorting unit separates the coal and gangue through airflow. At the same time, the vibration generated by the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine during operation causes the coal and gangue to vibrate. Through the combination of vibration and airflow, the coal and gangue are separated. The separated coal and gangue are transported separately, so that the coal and gangue are transported out separately after separation. This facilitates the sorting of coal and gangue during the tunneling process, thereby improving the mining efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0006] Preferably, the crushing component includes: The crushing box is fixed inside the sorting box; The wire frame is fixed inside the crushing chamber; Two breakable plates are symmetrically arranged inside the wire frame; Two cylinders are respectively installed inside the mesh frame via mounting boxes, and the two cylinders respectively drive the two crushing plates to move; Two sets of crushing rollers, with multiple crushing rollers forming a group, and the two sets of crushing rollers are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two crushing plates; Multiple first motors are arranged one-to-one with the crushing rollers and are respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates. The first motors drive each corresponding crushing roller to rotate. After the first motor starts, it drives the connected crushing roller to rotate via the output shaft. This allows the crushing roller to crush the coal and gangue entering the mesh frame. Simultaneously, when the two cylinders start, they drive the two crushing plates to move towards each other via telescopic rods. This causes the two crushing plates to push the coal and gangue towards the center and accumulate them. The crushing plates also crush the coal and gangue through compression. This helps the coal and gangue accumulate in the center and be crushed by the crushing roller, thus improving the crushing effect. When the particle size of the coal and gangue reaches the required size, the particles pass through the mesh frame and fall. Coal and gangue that do not meet the size requirements continue to be crushed inside the mesh frame. This helps prevent the coal and gangue from being continuously crushed inside the mesh frame, resulting in smaller particle sizes. This ensures that the coal and gangue are crushed to a size suitable for sorting, thereby improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes: The second conveyor belt is installed inside the crushing box at one end and inside the sorting box at the other end. The conveyor belt of the second conveyor belt is perforated. A conveyor box is fixed inside the sorting box. The second conveyor belt transports the crushed coal and gangue to the second opening of the conveyor box. The inside of the conveyor box is provided with an inclined surface. The discharge port is located at the bottom of the inclined surface; A conveying roller is rotatably installed inside the discharge port, and several conveying grooves are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the conveying roller; The second motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor box, and the second motor drives the conveyor roller to rotate; After being crushed, the coal and gangue fall from the mesh frame and are conveyed by the second conveyor belt through the second opening into the interior of the conveyor box. They then slide down the inclined surface inside the conveyor box to the discharge port, where they accumulate. When the second motor starts, it drives the connected conveyor roller to rotate via the output shaft. As the conveyor roller rotates, the coal and gangue accumulated at the discharge port enter the interior of the conveyor trough. Subsequently, as the conveyor roller rotates, the conveyor trough rotates and passes through the discharge port, carrying the coal and gangue inside through the discharge port together. This controls the amount of coal and gangue fed, ensuring that the coal and gangue fall evenly to the sorting components for sorting. This helps to prevent the coal and gangue from accumulating in the sorting components, allowing them to move and separate under the action of airflow during the sorting process.

[0008] Preferably, the sorting component includes: Two connecting boxes are fixedly installed inside the sorting box; The first and second conveyor belts are installed between the two connecting boxes; The first air pump is fixed inside the sorting box and connected to one of the connecting boxes through its output end; The second air pump is fixed inside the sorting box and connected to another connecting box via its input end; Two sets of ventilation openings are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two connecting boxes, and airflow is connected between the two ventilation openings and passes through the surfaces of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt; Two feeding pipes are fixed to the side wall of the sorting box and aligned with the ends of the first and second conveyor belts, respectively. After the first air pump starts, it delivers high-pressure airflow into the connected box, causing the high-pressure airflow inside the connected box to be discharged through the vent. After the second air pump starts, it draws out the airflow from the connected box, creating a negative pressure inside the connected box. This allows external airflow to enter the connected box through the vent, thus creating a situation where one vent outputs high-pressure airflow outward and the other vent receives airflow inward. At the same time, because the two vents are connected, the high-pressure airflow output from one vent flows into the interior of the other vent, thus creating an airflow path between the two vents. Coal and gangue, conveyed by the conveying components, are evenly spread on the first conveyor belt located between two ventilation openings. As the first conveyor belt moves, the coal and gangue gradually move between the two ventilation openings, continuously subjected to airflow during this movement. The main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine vibrates during operation, causing the coal and gangue to vibrate as well. Under the influence of the strong airflow, the lighter coal is carried a greater distance, allowing it to move onto the second conveyor belt for further transport. This facilitates the separation of coal and gangue through the combined action of airflow and vibration. Furthermore, the crushing components break the coal and gangue into suitable particle sizes for separation, enabling direct separation after mining and improving the efficiency of coal and gangue separation.

[0009] Preferably, the sorting component further includes: A third conveyor belt is disposed between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt; The conveying pipe is fixed inside the sorting box, with its lower end connected to the crushing box and located above the second conveyor belt, and its upper end located at the end of the third conveyor belt; The third conveyor belt is located between the first and second conveyor belts. This allows some coal and gangue to remain mixed at the junction of the first and second conveyor belts during the separation of coal and gangue by airflow. By setting up the third conveyor belt at this junction, the remaining coal and gangue can be transported on the third conveyor belt. They then enter the conveying pipe from the end of the third conveyor belt, and from there, enter the second conveyor belt and re-enter the conveying assembly. This allows for further separation of the incompletely separated coal and gangue, improving the separation efficiency and preventing incompletely separated coal and gangue from being mixed into the coal or gangue during transport, thus avoiding resource waste.

[0010] It should be noted that the third motor can drive the conveyor roller to rotate through the output shaft. The conveyor roller drives the first, second, and third conveyor belts to move synchronously, so that the first, second, and third conveyor belts move synchronously. The first, second, and third conveyor belts are all supported by individual rotating rollers.

[0011] Preferably, the sorting component further includes: The surfaces of the first, second, and third conveyor belts are flush and together inclined, with the first conveyor belt located at the lower inclined end; The first, second, and third conveyor belts are all inclined together, with the first conveyor belt located at the lower inclined end. This causes the coal and gangue to move uphill towards the third conveyor belt under the action of airflow. Since the gangue has a greater weight, the upward resistance of the gangue is greater. This helps to increase the distance between the coal and gangue after they move under the action of airflow, which is conducive to the separation of coal and gangue and thus improves the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0012] Preferably, the sorting component further includes: Both the first and second conveyor belts have a friction layer on their surfaces; The surface of the third transmission belt is provided with a smooth layer; The smooth layer on the surface of the third conveyor belt reduces friction when coal reaches its surface, facilitating its passage through the third conveyor belt and into the second conveyor belt. Conversely, the friction layer on the second conveyor belt increases friction, hindering coal movement. However, due to its smaller mass, the coal can overcome this obstacle under the influence of airflow to reach the second conveyor belt for sorting. Similarly, when gangue reaches the third conveyor belt from the second, the sudden increase in resistance at the edge of the third conveyor belt impedes its movement. The larger mass of the gangue makes it difficult for the airflow to overcome frictional resistance and enter the second conveyor belt, thus blocking it. This process promotes the separation of coal and gangue between the first and second conveyor belts, improving the sorting efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, the sorting component further includes: The detection box is fixedly installed inside the sorting box. Multiple detectors are installed at the bottom of the detection box, and the detection box is located directly above the third conveyor belt. The detector on the detection box can distinguish between coal and gangue by color. When it detects that the mixed area of ​​coal and gangue is biased towards the second conveyor belt, it can control the first and second air pumps to reduce the airflow velocity. When it detects that the mixed area of ​​coal and gangue is biased towards the first conveyor belt, it can control the first and second air pumps to increase the airflow velocity. This helps to control the mixed area of ​​coal and gangue to be located in the third conveyor belt, thereby helping to avoid the situation where coal and gangue are mixed into the coal or gangue conveying area and causing confusion, thus improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0014] Preferably, the sorting component further includes: The support frame is fixed inside the sorting box; Two fourth motors are symmetrically fixed to the top of the support frame; Two rotating frames are symmetrically mounted on the ends of the support frame, and the two fourth motors drive the two rotating frames to rotate. Two movable rods are respectively fixed to the bottom of the two rotating frames at the ends away from the support frame; Two guide plates are respectively fixed between the two movable rods and the two support frames; When the fourth motor starts, it drives the rotating frame connected to it to rotate via the output shaft. The rotating frame drives the moving rod to rotate, and the moving rod drives the guide plate to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle between the two guide plates. By adjusting the included angle between the two guide plates, the range of coal or gangue guided into the third conveyor belt is adjusted. This helps to prevent the unseparated area of ​​coal or gangue from being larger than the width of the third conveyor belt, which would cause some coal or gangue mixture to be discharged through the discharge pipe along with the first and second conveyor belts. This helps to improve the sorting effect of coal or gangue.

[0015] Secondly, a tunneling process for a combined roadheader and anchor machine for coal and water wells is provided, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive geological survey of the target coal seam and its surrounding rock strata. Based on the survey results, analyze the potential problems and formulate corresponding countermeasures. Step 2: Select the appropriate model of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine based on factors such as the tunnel cross-section size and inclination angle, and install and fix the sorting box onto the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine body to complete the assembly and debugging; Step 3: During the tunneling and anchoring process, the coal and gangue are conveyed to the crushing component by the first conveyor belt for crushing. The crushed coal and gangue are then conveyed to the sorting component for sorting. The coal and gangue during the tunneling and anchoring process are automatically sorted during the working vibration of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the sorted coal and gangue are transported to the surface. Step 4: The materials are lowered from the cage. After being loaded into mine cars on the ground and lowered to the bottom of the shaft, they are transported to the working face by explosion-proof trackless rubber-wheeled vehicles. Step 5: Install a purification water curtain 50m from the working face and 150m from the return air inlet in the tunnel. The purification water curtain covers the entire cross section of the tunnel. Set up a dust collection net within 200m of the rear tunnel. Arrange dust removal fans and support operations behind the roadheader. Step 6: A coal retaining plate is installed on one side of the cutting section of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the loader works in conjunction with manual labor to remove floating coal.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through the setting of the sorting component, causes the coal and gangue to vibrate under the vibration generated by the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine during operation. Through the vibration combined with the action of airflow, the coal and gangue are separated. The separated coal and gangue are transported separately, so that the coal and gangue are transported out separately after separation. This is beneficial to sorting coal and gangue during the tunneling process, thereby improving the mining efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0017] 2. By setting up a third conveyor belt, the present invention enables the further separation of incompletely separated coal and gangue, which is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of coal and gangue and to preventing incompletely separated coal and gangue from being mixed into the coal or gangue during transportation, thus avoiding resource waste.

[0018] 3. By setting up the detection box, the present invention helps to control the mixing area of ​​coal and gangue to be located in the third conveyor belt, thereby helping to avoid the situation where coal and gangue are mixed into the coal or gangue conveying area and causing confusion, thus helping to improve the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-section of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-section of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-section of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-section of the present invention. Figure 4 .

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Sorting box; 101. First conveyor belt; 102. First opening; 2. Crushing box; 201. Mesh frame; 202. Second conveyor belt; 3. Crushing plate; 301. Crushing roller; 302. Mounting box; 303. Cylinder; 304. First motor; 4. Conveying box; 401. Second opening; 402. Discharge port; 403. Conveying roller; 404. Second motor; 405. Inclined surface; 501. First conveyor belt; 502. Second conveyor belt; 503. Third conveyor belt; 504. Third motor; 505. Conveying pipe; 6. Ventilation opening; 601. Connecting box; 602. First air pump; 603. Second air pump; 7. Discharge pipe; 8. Support frame; 801. Fourth motor; 802. Rotating frame; 803. Moving rod; 804. Guide plate; 805. Detection box. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 7 The illustrated combined roadheader and anchorer for coal and water roadways includes a main body and further comprises: The sorting box 1 is detachably and fixedly installed on the rear side of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine; The first conveyor belt 101 is installed between the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the top of the sorting box 1, and is used to transport the collected coal and gangue to the sorting box 1. The crushing assembly, installed inside the sorting box 1, is used to crush coal and gangue; The first opening 102 is located at the top of the sorting box 1. The first conveyor belt 101 transports coal and gangue through the first opening 102 and into the crushing assembly. The sorting component, installed inside the sorting box 1, is used to sort and output the crushed coal and gangue through the vibration generated by the operation of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine in conjunction with the airflow. The conveying assembly, installed between the crushing assembly and the sorting assembly, is used to transport the crushed coal and gangue to the sorting assembly; During the tunneling construction of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, the excavated coal and gangue need to be transported outwards and then separated. This results in a number of steps in the overall construction process. Furthermore, the excavated coal and gangue are relatively large in volume and occupy a lot of space during transportation, leading to increased transportation costs and reduced construction efficiency. This embodiment of the invention can solve the above problems. The specific implementation is as follows: the sorting box 1 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, so that the sorting box 1 moves synchronously when the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine moves. Then, the first conveyor belt 101 is started, conveying the coal and gangue extracted during the tunneling process to the first opening 102. The coal and gangue pass through the first opening 102 and fall into the crushing component. The crushing component crushes the coal and gangue to a set particle size before entering the conveying component. The conveying component then... Coal and gangue are fed into the sorting assembly, allowing the crushed coal and gangue to directly enter the assembly. The sorting assembly separates the coal and gangue using airflow. Simultaneously, the vibration generated by the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine during operation causes the coal and gangue to vibrate. Through the combination of vibration and airflow, the coal and gangue are separated. The separated coal and gangue are then transported separately, allowing them to be transported outwards separately. This facilitates the sorting of coal and gangue during the tunneling process, thereby improving the mining efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0030] As an optional embodiment, the crushing component includes: Crushing box 2 is fixed inside sorting box 1; The wire frame 201 is fixed inside the crushing box 2; Two breaking plates 3 are symmetrically arranged inside the wire frame 201; Two cylinders 303 are respectively installed inside the mesh frame 201 via mounting boxes 302, and the two cylinders 303 respectively drive the two crushing plates 3 to move; Two sets of crushing rollers 301, multiple crushing rollers 301 are grouped together, and the two sets of crushing rollers 301 are rotatably installed on opposite sides of two crushing plates 3 respectively; Multiple first motors 304 are arranged one-to-one with the crushing rollers 301 and are respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates 3. The first motors 304 drive each corresponding crushing roller 301 to rotate. After the first motor 304 starts, it drives the connected crushing roller 301 to rotate via its output shaft. This allows the crushing roller 301 to crush the coal and gangue entering the mesh frame 201. Simultaneously, when the two cylinders 303 start, they drive the two crushing plates 3 to move towards each other via their telescopic rods. This causes the crushing plates 3 to push the coal and gangue towards the center, where they are crushed by pressure. This facilitates the accumulation of coal and gangue in the center under the influence of the crushing roller 301. The crushing process is carried out by the mesh frame 201, which helps to improve the crushing effect of coal and gangue. When the crushed particle size of coal and gangue reaches the required size, the particles fall through the mesh frame 201. Meanwhile, the coal and gangue that do not meet the particle size requirements continue to be crushed inside the mesh frame 201. This helps to prevent the coal and gangue from being continuously crushed inside the mesh frame 201 and resulting in a particle size that is too small. This helps to crush the coal and gangue to a particle size that is conducive to sorting, thereby improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0031] As an optional embodiment, the delivery component includes: The second conveyor belt 202 is installed inside the crushing box 2 at one end and inside the sorting box 1 at the other end. The conveyor belt of the second conveyor belt 202 is perforated. The conveyor box 4 is fixed inside the sorting box 1. The second conveyor belt 202 conveys the crushed coal and gangue to the second opening 401 of the conveyor box 4. The inside of the conveyor box 4 is provided with an inclined surface 405. The feed port 402 is located at the bottom of the inclined surface 405; The conveying roller 403 is rotatably installed inside the discharge port 402, and several conveying grooves are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the conveying roller 403. The second motor 404 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor box 4, and the second motor 404 drives the conveyor roller 403 to rotate. After being crushed, the coal and gangue fall from the mesh frame 201 and are conveyed by the second conveyor belt 202 through the second opening 401 into the interior of the conveyor box 4. They then slide down the inclined surface 405 inside the conveyor box 4 to the discharge port 402, where they accumulate. When the second motor 404 starts, it drives the connected conveyor roller 403 to rotate via its output shaft. As the conveyor roller 403 rotates, the coal and gangue accumulated at the discharge port 402 enter the conveying trough. Subsequently, as the conveying roller 403 rotates, it drives the conveying trough to rotate. After the conveying trough rotates and passes through the discharge port 402, it carries the coal and gangue inside through the discharge port 402 together, thereby controlling the amount of coal and gangue fed into the sorting component so that the coal and gangue can fall evenly to the sorting component for sorting. This helps to avoid the accumulation of coal and gangue in the sorting component, so that when the coal and gangue are sorted by airflow, the coal and gangue can move and separate under the action of airflow.

[0032] As an optional embodiment, the sorting components include: Two connecting boxes 601 are fixedly installed inside the sorting box 1; The first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502 are installed between the two connecting boxes 601; The first air pump 602 is fixed inside the sorting box 1 and is connected to one of the connecting boxes 601 through its output end; The second air pump 603 is fixed inside the sorting box 1 and is connected to another connecting box 601 through its input end; Two sets of ventilation openings 6 are respectively installed on opposite sides of two connecting boxes 601, and the airflow between the two ventilation openings 6 is connected and passes through the surfaces of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502; Two feeding pipes 7 are fixed on the side wall of the sorting box 1 and are aligned with the ends of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502, respectively. After the first air pump 602 starts, it delivers high-pressure airflow into the connected box 601, causing the high-pressure airflow inside the connected box 601 to be discharged through the vent 6. After the second air pump 603 starts, it draws out the airflow inside the connected box 601, creating a negative pressure state inside the connected box 601. This allows external airflow to enter the connected box 601 through the vent 6, thus creating a state where one vent 6 outputs high-pressure airflow outward and the other vent 6 receives airflow inward. At the same time, because the airflow is connected between the two vents 6, the high-pressure airflow output from one vent 6 flows into the interior of the other vent 6, thus creating an airflow path between the two vents 6. Coal and gangue, conveyed by the conveying components, are evenly spread on the first conveyor belt 501 located between the two ventilation openings 6. As the first conveyor belt 501 conveys, the coal and gangue gradually move between the two ventilation openings 6, so that the coal and gangue are continuously subjected to airflow during the movement. At this time, the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine will vibrate during operation. The vibration will cause the coal and gangue to vibrate. When the coal and gangue are subjected to airflow during vibration, under the action of strong airflow, the lighter coal will move a longer distance, so that the lighter coal will move to the second conveyor belt 502 for conveying under the action of airflow. This is conducive to the separation of coal and gangue through the action of airflow and vibration. In addition, combined with the setting of the crushing component, the coal and gangue are crushed to a suitable particle size for separation, which is conducive to the direct separation of coal and gangue after mining, and improves the efficiency of coal and gangue separation.

[0033] As an optional embodiment, the sorting component further includes: The third conveyor belt 503 is disposed between the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502; The conveying pipe 505 is fixed inside the sorting box 1, with its lower end connected to the crushing box 2 and located above the second conveyor belt 202, and its upper end located at the end of the third conveyor belt 503; The third conveyor belt 503 is located between the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502. When separating coal and gangue by airflow, some coal and gangue are difficult to separate completely and will mix at the junction of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502. By setting the third conveyor belt 503 at the junction, the coal and gangue that are difficult to separate can be transported on the third conveyor belt 503. Then, they enter the conveying pipe 505 from the end of the third conveyor belt 503, and enter the second conveyor belt 202 along the conveying pipe 505 to re-enter the conveying assembly. This allows for the re-separation of the incompletely separated coal and gangue, which is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of coal and gangue and to avoiding the situation where incompletely separated coal and gangue are mixed into the interior of the coal or gangue during transportation, thus causing resource waste.

[0034] It should be noted that the third motor 504 can drive the conveyor roller to rotate through the output shaft. The conveyor roller drives the first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502, and the third conveyor belt 503 to move synchronously, so that the conveying of the first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502, and the third conveyor belt 503 remains synchronized. The first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502, and the third conveyor belt 503 are all supported by individual rotating rollers.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, the sorting component further includes: The surfaces of the first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502 and the third conveyor belt 503 are flush and are all inclined, with the first conveyor belt 501 located at the lower inclined end; The first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502, and the third conveyor belt 503 are all inclined together, with the first conveyor belt 501 located at the lower inclined end. This causes the coal and gangue to have an upward tendency as they move towards the third conveyor belt 503 under the action of airflow. Since the weight of the gangue is relatively large, the upward resistance of the gangue is greater. This helps to increase the distance between the coal and gangue after they move under the action of airflow, thereby promoting the separation of coal and gangue and improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0036] As an optional embodiment, the sorting component further includes: Both the surfaces of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502 are provided with a friction layer; The surface of the third conveyor belt 503 is provided with a smooth layer; The smooth layer on the surface of the third conveyor belt 503 reduces friction when coal reaches its surface, facilitating its passage through the third conveyor belt 503 and into the second conveyor belt 502. During this passage, the friction layer on the second conveyor belt 502 increases friction, hindering coal movement. However, due to its smaller mass, the coal can overcome this obstacle under the influence of airflow to reach the second conveyor belt 502 for sorting. Similarly, when gangue reaches the third conveyor belt 503 from the second conveyor belt 502, the sudden increase in resistance at the edge of the third conveyor belt 503 hinders its movement. The larger mass of the gangue makes it difficult for the airflow to carry it through frictional resistance into the second conveyor belt 502, thus blocking it. This facilitates the separation of coal and gangue between the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502, improving the sorting efficiency.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, the sorting component further includes: The detection box 805 is fixedly installed inside the sorting box 1. Multiple detectors are installed at the bottom of the detection box 805. The detection box 805 is located directly above the third conveyor belt 503. The detector installed on the detection box 805 can distinguish between coal and gangue by color. When the mixed area of ​​coal and gangue is detected to be biased towards the second conveyor belt 502, the first air pump 602 and the second air pump 603 can be controlled to reduce the airflow velocity. When the mixed area of ​​coal and gangue is detected to be biased towards the first conveyor belt 501, the first air pump 602 and the second air pump 603 can be controlled to increase the airflow velocity. This helps to control the mixed area of ​​coal and gangue to be located in the third conveyor belt 503, thereby helping to avoid the situation where coal and gangue are mixed into the coal or gangue conveying area and causing confusion, thus improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0038] As an optional embodiment, the sorting component further includes: Support frame 8 is fixed inside the sorting box 1; Two fourth motors 801 are symmetrically fixed to the top of the support frame 8; Two rotating frames 802 are symmetrically mounted on the ends of the support frame 8, and two fourth motors 801 drive the two rotating frames 802 to rotate. Two movable rods 803 are respectively fixed to the bottom of the end of the two rotating frames 802 away from the support frame 8; Two guide plates 804 are respectively fixed between two movable rods 803 and two support frames 8; When the fourth motor 801 starts, it can drive the rotating frame 802 connected to it to rotate through the output shaft. The rotating frame 802 drives the moving rod 803 to rotate, and the moving rod 803 drives the guide plate 804 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle between the two guide plates 804. By adjusting the included angle between the two guide plates 804, the range of coal or gangue guided into the third conveyor belt 503 is adjusted. This helps to avoid the situation where the unseparated range of coal or gangue is greater than the width of the third conveyor belt 503, causing some coal or gangue mixture to be discharged from the discharge pipe 7 along with the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502. This helps to improve the sorting effect of coal or gangue.

[0039] like Figure 8 The tunneling process of a combined tunneling and anchoring machine for coal and water-rich roadways, as shown, includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive geological survey of the target coal seam and its surrounding rock strata. Based on the survey results, analyze the potential problems and formulate corresponding countermeasures. Step 2: Select the appropriate model of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine based on factors such as the tunnel cross-section size and inclination angle, and install and fix the sorting box 1 onto the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine body to complete the assembly and debugging; Step 3: During the tunneling and anchoring process, the coal and gangue are conveyed to the crushing component via the first conveyor belt 101 for crushing. The crushed coal and gangue are then conveyed to the sorting component for sorting. The coal and gangue during the tunneling and anchoring process are automatically sorted during the working vibration of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the sorted coal and gangue are transported to the surface. Step 4: The materials are lowered from the cage. After being loaded into mine cars on the ground and lowered to the bottom of the shaft, they are transported to the working face by explosion-proof trackless rubber-wheeled vehicles. Step 5: Install a purification water curtain 50m from the working face and 150m from the return air inlet in the tunnel. The purification water curtain covers the entire cross section of the tunnel. Set up a dust collection net within 200m of the rear tunnel. Arrange dust removal fans and support operations behind the roadheader. Step 6: A coal retaining plate is installed on one side of the cutting section of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the loader works in conjunction with manual labor to remove floating coal.

[0040] Working principle of this invention: The sorting box 1 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, so that when the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine moves, the sorting box 1 moves synchronously. Then, the first conveyor belt 101 is started, and the first conveyor belt 101 transports the coal and gangue extracted during the tunneling process to the first opening 102, so that the coal and gangue fall into the crushing component after passing through the first opening 102. The crushing component crushes the coal and gangue, so that the coal and gangue are crushed to the set particle size and then enter the conveying component. Subsequently, the conveying component transports the coal and gangue to the sorting component. The conveying process allows the crushed coal and gangue to directly enter the sorting unit. The sorting unit separates the coal and gangue through airflow. Simultaneously, the vibration generated by the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine during operation causes the coal and gangue to vibrate. Through the combination of vibration and airflow, the coal and gangue are separated. The separated coal and gangue are then conveyed separately and transported outwards. This facilitates the sorting of coal and gangue during the tunneling process, thereby improving the mining efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A combined tunneling and anchoring machine for coal and water roadways, comprising a main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, characterized in that, Also includes: The sorting box (1) is detachably and fixedly installed on the rear side of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine; The first conveyor belt (101) is installed between the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the top of the sorting box (1) to transport the collected coal and gangue to the sorting box (1); The crushing assembly is installed inside the sorting box (1) for crushing coal and gangue; The first opening (102) is located at the top of the sorting box (1), and the first conveyor belt (101) transports coal and gangue through the first opening (102) and into the crushing assembly. The sorting component is installed inside the sorting box (1) and is used to sort and output the crushed coal and gangue by means of the vibration generated by the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine in conjunction with the airflow. A conveying assembly, installed between the crushing assembly and the sorting assembly, is used to convey the crushed coal and gangue to the sorting assembly; The crushing component includes: The crushing box (2) is fixed inside the sorting box (1); The wire frame (201) is fixed inside the crushing box (2); Two break plates (3) are symmetrically arranged inside the wire frame (201); Two cylinders (303) are respectively installed inside the mesh frame (201) through the mounting box (302), and the two cylinders (303) respectively drive the two crushing plates (3) to move; Two sets of crushing rollers (301), multiple sets of crushing rollers (301) are in one group, and the two sets of crushing rollers (301) are respectively rotatably installed on opposite sides of the two crushing plates (3); Multiple first motors (304) are arranged one-to-one with the crushing rollers (301) and are respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates (3). The first motors (304) drive each corresponding crushing roller (301) to rotate. The conveying assembly includes: The second conveyor belt (202) is installed at one end inside the crushing box (2) and at the other end inside the sorting box (1). The conveyor belt of the second conveyor belt (202) is multi-hole. The conveyor box (4) is fixed inside the sorting box (1). The second conveyor belt (202) conveys the crushed coal and gangue to the second opening (401) of the conveyor box (4). The inside of the conveyor box (4) is provided with an inclined surface (405). The discharge port (402) is located at the bottom of the inclined surface (405); The conveying roller (403) is rotatably installed inside the discharge port (402), and the outer wall of the conveying roller (403) is provided with a plurality of conveying grooves in a circumferential array; The second motor (404) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor box (4), and the second motor (404) drives the conveyor roller (403) to rotate; The sorting component includes: Two connecting boxes (601) are fixedly installed inside the sorting box (1); The first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502) are installed between the two connecting boxes (601); The first air pump (602) is fixed inside the sorting box (1) and is connected to one of the connecting boxes (601) through its output end. The second air pump (603) is fixed inside the sorting box (1) and is connected to another communication box (601) through its input end. Two sets of vents (6) are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two connecting boxes (601), and airflow is connected between the two vents (6) and passes through the surfaces of the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502); Two feeding pipes (7) are fixed on the side wall of the sorting box (1) and are aligned with the ends of the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502), respectively. The sorting component also includes: The third transmission belt (503) is disposed between the first transmission belt (501) and the second transmission belt (502); The conveying pipe (505) is fixed inside the sorting box (1), with its lower end connected to the crushing box (2) and located above the second conveyor belt (202), and its upper end located at the end of the third conveyor belt (503); The sorting component also includes: The surfaces of the first conveyor belt (501), the second conveyor belt (502), and the third conveyor belt (503) are flush and are inclined together, with the first conveyor belt (501) located at the lower inclined end; The sorting component also includes: Both the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502) have a friction layer on their surfaces; The surface of the third transmission belt (503) is provided with a smooth layer.

2. The combined tunneling and anchoring machine for coal roadways with abundant water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting component also includes: The detection box (805) is fixedly installed inside the sorting box (1). Multiple detectors are installed at the bottom of the detection box (805). The detection box (805) is located directly above the third conveyor belt (503).

3. The combined tunneling and anchoring machine for coal roadways with abundant water as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sorting component also includes: The support frame (8) is fixed inside the sorting box (1); Two fourth motors (801) are symmetrically fixed to the top of the support frame (8); Two rotating frames (802) are symmetrically rotated and installed at the ends of the support frame (8), and the two fourth motors (801) drive the two rotating frames (802) to rotate. Two movable rods (803) are respectively fixed to the bottom of one end of the two rotating frames (802) away from the support frame (8); Two guide plates (804) are respectively fixed between the two moving rods (803) and the two support frames (8).

4. A tunneling process for a combined roadheader and anchorer for coal and water-rich roadways, applicable to the combined roadheader and anchorer as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive geological survey of the target coal seam and its surrounding rock strata. Based on the survey results, analyze the potential problems and formulate corresponding countermeasures. Step 2: Select the appropriate model of the tunneling and anchoring machine body according to the tunnel cross-section size and inclination factor, and install and fix the sorting box (1) on the tunneling and anchoring machine body to complete the assembly and debugging; Step 3: During the tunneling and anchoring process, coal and gangue are conveyed to the crushing component via the first conveyor belt (101) for crushing. The crushed coal and gangue are then conveyed to the sorting component for sorting. The coal and gangue during the tunneling and anchoring process are automatically sorted during the working vibration of the main body of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the sorted coal and gangue are transported to the ground. Step 4: The materials are lowered from the cage. After being loaded into mine cars on the ground and lowered to the bottom of the shaft, they are transported to the working face by explosion-proof trackless rubber-wheeled vehicles. Step 5: Install a purification water curtain 50m from the working face and 150m from the return air inlet in the tunnel. The purification water curtain covers the entire cross section of the tunnel. Set up a dust collection net within 200m of the rear tunnel. Arrange dust removal fans and support operations behind the roadheader. Step 6: A coal retaining plate is installed on one side of the cutting section of the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the loader works in conjunction with manual labor to remove floating coal.

Images