Ecological flow discharge system and method for hydropower station

Abstract

The application discloses a hydroelectric station ecological flow discharge system and a discharge method, which are applied to a pressure steel pipe diversion type hydroelectric station. The system comprises a bypass pipe, an inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected with a pressure steel pipe, and the bypass pipe is used for guiding water flow in the pressure steel pipe; a measuring weir, the measuring weir is connected with an outlet end of the bypass pipe, and the measuring weir is used for ecological flow discharge; a monitoring module, the monitoring module is arranged on the measuring weir, and the monitoring module is used for monitoring water level data of the measuring weir; and a control valve, the control valve is arranged on the bypass pipe, and the control valve is used for adjusting water flow flow of the bypass pipe according to an analysis result of the water level data, so as to control flow discharge of the measuring weir. The embodiment of the application can realize ecological flow discharge of the pressure steel pipe diversion type hydroelectric station, and improve stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow discharge. The application can be widely applied to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower technology, and in particular to an ecological flow release system and method for hydropower stations. Background Technology

[0002] Diversion-type hydropower stations require the construction of dams across rivers, then divert water from the reservoir to the power plant via diversion facilities. This creates sections of the natural river between the dam and the power plant that experience reduced water flow, impacting the ecological environment and causing some economic losses. In related technologies, some early diversion-type hydropower stations lacked dedicated structures for releasing ecological flows. In particular, diversion-type hydropower stations originally lacked ecological flow release facilities, and modifications to these facilities were difficult, making it challenging to achieve ecological flow release.

[0003] In summary, the technical problems existing in the relevant technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to propose an ecological flow release system and method for hydropower stations, which can realize the ecological flow release of pressure steel pipe water diversion hydropower stations and effectively improve the stability and ecological benefits of ecological flow release.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of this application proposes an ecological flow release system for hydropower stations, applied to pressure steel pipe diversion hydropower stations, the system comprising:

[0006] A bypass pipe, the inlet end of which is connected to a pressure steel pipe, is used to divert water flow within the pressure steel pipe;

[0007] A measuring weir is connected to the outlet end of the bypass pipe, and the measuring weir is used for ecological flow release;

[0008] A monitoring module is installed on the measuring weir and is used to monitor the water level data of the measuring weir.

[0009] A control valve is provided on the bypass pipe. The control valve is used to adjust the water flow rate of the bypass pipe according to the analysis results of the water level data, so as to control the flow discharge of the measuring weir.

[0010] In some embodiments, the monitoring module includes:

[0011] A water level gauge is installed on the measuring weir and is used to monitor the water head data at the top of the measuring weir.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the top of the pressure steel pipe, and the outlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the bottom of the measuring weir.

[0013] In some embodiments, the monitoring module further includes:

[0014] A camera submodule is installed on the water measuring weir and is used to dynamically acquire image data of the weir opening.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bypass pipe includes a bypass horizontal pipe section, and the control valve is disposed on the bypass horizontal pipe section.

[0016] In some embodiments, the steps for setting up the bypass pipe include:

[0017] The pipe inner diameter data is determined by analyzing and calculating the verified ecological flow parameters.

[0018] The bypass pipe is configured according to the pipe inner diameter data.

[0019] In some embodiments, the step of setting up the measuring weir includes:

[0020] The target weir type is determined by analyzing the verified ecological flow parameters and the preset flow measurement range data; wherein, the target weir type includes one of the following: rectangular thin-walled weir, triangular thin-walled weir, and spillway weir.

[0021] Construct the water measuring weir according to the target water measuring weir type.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of this application proposes a method for releasing ecological flow in a hydropower station, applied to the aforementioned system. The method includes the following steps:

[0023] Water level data is obtained through monitoring modules;

[0024] The water level data is analyzed to control the control valve and adjust the flow rate of the measuring weir.

[0025] In some embodiments, the water level data obtained by the monitoring module includes:

[0026] The water head data at the crest of the measuring weir is dynamically collected using a water level gauge.

[0027] In some embodiments, the step of analyzing the water level data to control the control valve based on the analysis results and adjusting the flow rate of the measuring weir includes:

[0028] The current flow rate data is obtained by analyzing and calculating the water head data at the top of the weir and the preset size parameters; wherein, the preset size parameters include the size data of the measuring weir.

[0029] Based on the current flow data and the verified ecological flow parameters, the expected opening degree data is determined.

[0030] The control valve is adjusted according to the desired opening data to regulate the flow rate of the measuring weir.

[0031] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects: This application provides an ecological flow release system and method for a hydropower station. This scheme connects the inlet end of a bypass pipe to a pressure steel pipe to divert water from the pressure steel pipe into the bypass pipe. Simultaneously, this embodiment of the invention provides a measuring weir at the outlet end of the bypass pipe, allowing the water from the bypass pipe to pass through the measuring weir for ecological flow release, thus realizing ecological flow release in a pressure steel pipe-type hydropower station. Correspondingly, this embodiment of the invention monitors water level data using a monitoring module installed on the measuring weir and analyzes the water level data. Based on the analysis results, a control valve installed on the bypass pipe adjusts the water flow rate of the bypass pipe, thereby controlling the flow release amount of the measuring weir. This achieves accurate regulation of ecological flow release, improves the stability of ecological flow release, and effectively enhances ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a general layout plan of the hydropower station ecological flow release system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydropower station ecological flow release system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a front view of a rectangular thin-walled weir provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a front view of a triangular thin-walled weir provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sharp edge of the weir provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spillway weir provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of section II;

[0039] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of section II-II;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a flow measurement weir provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of the steps of the hydropower station ecological flow release method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit it. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this application; they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0043] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if,” “when,” or “in response to a determination” as used herein may be interpreted as “when…” or “when…” or “in response to a determination.”

[0044] As used in this application, the terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc., "at least one" includes one, two or more, "multiple" includes two or more, "each" refers to each of the corresponding multiples, and "any" refers to any one of the multiples.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0046] Before providing a detailed description of the embodiments of this application, some of the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained first. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application are subject to the following interpretations.

[0047] Ecological flow refers to the minimum water flow required to ensure the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems such as rivers and lakes, and to maintain the reproduction of aquatic organisms.

[0048] A diversion-type hydroelectric power station is a type of hydroelectric power station that uses a diversion channel to guide water flow to a turbine for power generation. Accordingly, it is usually built at a higher point in a river, using the gravity flow generated by the elevation difference to drive the turbine to generate electricity.

[0049] Small hydropower stations, due to the need to construct dams on natural river channels, often lead to insufficient downstream ecological flow. Diversion-type hydropower stations also require dams on the river channel, then divert water from the reservoir to the power plant via diversion facilities, creating sections of the natural river between the dam and the power plant that experience reduced water flow, impacting the ecological environment and causing some economic losses. In related technologies, some early diversion-type hydropower stations lacked dedicated structures for releasing ecological flow, especially since they originally lacked such facilities and modifications were difficult, making it hard to achieve ecological flow release. Furthermore, besides the issue of ecological flow release, monitoring the released ecological flow is also challenging.

[0050] In view of this, this application provides an ecological flow release system and method for a hydropower station. This system diverts water to a measuring weir via a bypass pipe connected to a pressure steel pipe, allowing for ecological flow release through the weir. A monitoring module installed on the measuring weir monitors the water level data, and by analyzing the monitored water level data, a control valve is used to adjust the water flow through the bypass pipe, thereby controlling the flow release from the measuring weir and achieving accurate regulation of the ecological flow. This enables ecological flow release in a pressure steel pipe-type hydropower station, effectively improving the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow release.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The ecological flow release system for hydropower stations provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to a pressure steel pipe diversion hydropower station. The system includes a bypass pipe 140, a measuring weir 160, a monitoring module, and a control valve 150. Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a pressure steel pipe 130 is connected to the dam 120, through which water from the reservoir area 110 upstream of the dam 120 is transported to the turbine. Correspondingly, in this embodiment of the invention, the inlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is connected to the pressure steel pipe 130 to divert the water flowing through the pressure steel pipe 130, allowing a portion of the water to flow into the bypass pipe 140. Simultaneously, in this embodiment of the invention, the outlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is connected to the measuring weir 160. Correspondingly, in this embodiment of the invention, the outlet end of the measuring weir 160 is the weir outlet, through which ecological flow is released. Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, a monitoring module is provided on the measuring weir 160 to monitor the water level data of the measuring weir 160. Additionally, in this embodiment of the invention, a control valve 150 is provided on the bypass pipe 140. By adjusting and controlling the control valve 150, the flow rate of water flowing through the bypass pipe 140 can be controlled. Accordingly, this embodiment of the invention analyzes the monitored water level data to determine whether the current flow rate released by the measuring weir 160 meets the ecological flow requirements, obtains the corresponding analysis results, and then controls the control valve 150 based on the analysis results, thereby adjusting the water flow rate in the bypass pipe 140 to control the flow rate released by the measuring weir 160, realizing the ecological flow release of the pressure steel pipe diversion hydropower station, and effectively improving the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow release.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring module includes a water level gauge 170. Specifically, in this embodiment, the water level gauge 170 is installed on the measuring weir 160 to dynamically monitor the head data at the top of the measuring weir 160. For example, in this embodiment, the water level gauge 170 is installed on the sidewall of the measuring weir 160 to monitor the water level difference at the top of the measuring weir 160, that is, the difference in water level upstream and downstream of the top of the weir when the water flows through it. In this embodiment, the flow rate through the measuring weir 160 is calculated based on the monitored head data at the top of the weir, thereby determining the current flow discharge of the measuring weir 160.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the inlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is connected to the upper part of the pressure steel pipe 130. Specifically, in embodiments of the present invention, the contact surface between the inlet end of the bypass pipe 140 and the pressure steel pipe 130 is the upper side of the pressure steel pipe 130, such as... Figure 2As shown. Since the water flow within the pressure steel pipe 130 may carry sediment and other debris, these impurities can damage or clog the bypass pipe 140 after entering it, shortening its service life. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention connects the upper side of the pressure steel pipe 130 to the bypass pipe 140 to improve the service life of the bypass pipe 140, alleviate the problem of debris accumulation, and improve the stability and reliability of the system. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is connected to the bottom of the measuring weir 160. Specifically, by placing the outlet end of the bypass pipe 140 at the bottom of the measuring weir 160, the water flow smoothly enters the measuring weir 160 from the bottom in a nearly horizontal direction, effectively reducing interference from water surface fluctuations, eddies, or backflow on the monitoring of the weir head data, thereby improving the accuracy of the discharge flow calculation.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring module further includes a camera submodule 180. Specifically, in this embodiment, the camera submodule 180 is mounted on the measuring weir 160 to dynamically acquire images of the weir opening. For example, in this embodiment, the camera of the camera submodule 180 is mounted on the measuring weir 160 and aimed at the weir opening, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the water flow discharge from the measuring weir 160 and acquiring image data of the ecological flow discharge. This facilitates observation of the water flow status, helps verify the accuracy of the monitoring data from the water level gauge 170, and verifies whether there are any abnormalities in the ecological flow discharge. In this embodiment, the water level gauge 170 and the camera submodule 180 can be installed separately.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the bypass pipe 140 includes a bypass horizontal pipe section. Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the bypass horizontal pipe section refers to a horizontally positioned section within the bypass pipe 140. Accordingly, in the embodiments of the present invention, the control valve 150 is disposed on this bypass horizontal pipe section, such as... Figure 2 As shown. It is easy to understand that since the valve core of the control valve 150 usually relies on vertical movement to achieve flow regulation, the embodiment of the present invention can reduce lateral eccentric wear by setting the control valve 150 in the bypass horizontal pipe section, so that the sealing surface is in uniform contact, and alleviate the valve core sagging due to its own weight, which leads to incomplete closure, thereby improving the regulation accuracy and sealing performance.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the steps for setting up the bypass pipe include, but are not limited to, the following steps:

[0057] The pipe inner diameter data is determined by analyzing and calculating the verified ecological flow parameters.

[0058] The bypass pipe is configured according to the pipe inner diameter data.

[0059] In this specific embodiment, the present invention first analyzes the verified ecological flow parameters to determine the pipe inner diameter data, and then sets up a bypass pipe based on the pipe inner diameter data. Specifically, the verified ecological flow parameters in this embodiment refer to the expected discharge flow rate. For example, the pipe flow rate calculation formula for the bypass pipe in this embodiment is shown in the following formula (1):

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, Q represents the outflow rate, expressed in cubic meters per second (m³ / s). 3 / s), v represents the measured flow velocity value in meters per second (m / s), and d represents the inner diameter of the pipe in meters (m). In this embodiment of the invention, for steel pipes, the nominal diameter can be used, and for plastic pipes, the nominal diameter minus twice the wall thickness can be used.

[0062] In addition, the formulas for calculating the inner diameter and length of the bypass pipe in this embodiment of the invention are as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Where Z1 represents the minimum effective head at the orifice, the difference between upstream and downstream water levels for submerged outflow, and the difference between the upstream water level and the outlet center elevation for free outflow, all in meters (m). R T The following values ​​represent the comprehensive head loss coefficient, L represents the pipe length in meters (m), n6 represents the roughness coefficient (which can be determined according to SL655), R represents the hydraulic radius in meters (m), D represents the pipe inner diameter in meters (m), and A represents the pipe cross-sectional area in square meters (m²). 2 ), where ζ represents the local head loss coefficient, and x represents the outflow coefficient, which is taken as 1.0 for free outflow and 0 for complete submersion. For example, when the verified ecological flow Q = 0.02 m³ / s... 3 / s, with H1 = 1m, n6 = 0.013, ∑ζ = 1.2, x = 1; calculation shows that D = 0.1m can meet the requirements for ecological flow release.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the bypass pipe can be set larger than the inner diameter calculated from the verified ecological flow rate, but the maximum size should generally not exceed the inner diameter of the pressure steel pipe. Furthermore, since the bypass pipe does not directly monitor the pipeline flow rate, the pipe length of the bypass pipe in this embodiment of the invention can be customized according to actual conditions.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the steps for setting up the measuring weir include, but are not limited to, the following:

[0067] Based on the analysis of verified ecological flow parameters and preset flow measurement range data, the target weir type is determined. The target weir type includes one of the following: rectangular thin-walled weir, triangular thin-walled weir, and spillway weir.

[0068] Construct a water measurement weir based on the target water measurement weir type.

[0069] In this specific embodiment, the present invention first analyzes the verified ecological flow parameters and preset flow measurement range data to determine the target weir type, and then constructs a flow measurement weir based on the target weir type. Specifically, the preset flow measurement range data in this embodiment refers to the range of ecological flow magnitude to be monitored. Correspondingly, the target weir type in this embodiment includes one of a rectangular thin-walled weir, a triangular thin-walled weir, and a spillway weir. For example, the applicable range for monitoring ecological flow magnitude in this embodiment is 0.001–0.4 m. 3 / s. For example, for smaller flow rates, embodiments of the present invention use rectangular or triangular thin-walled weirs for flow measurement, wherein the rectangular thin-walled weir has a flow measurement range of 0.003–0.08 m. 3 / s, flow measurement range of triangular thin-walled weir: 0.001~0.03m 3 / s. For larger flow rates, this embodiment of the invention uses a spillway weir for flow measurement, distinguishing between free weir flow and submerged weir flow, with a measurement range of 0.006–0.4m. 3 / s.

[0070] Accordingly, the dimensions of the flow measuring weir in this embodiment of the invention can be designed according to the "Specification for Flow Measurement of Hydraulic Structures and Weirs" (SL537-2011), and are suitable for measuring the ecological flow released by small hydropower stations. Specifically, the water flow should be stable and free of large waves within 1m upstream of the overflow weir. For rectangular or triangular thin-walled weirs, the downstream of the flow measuring weir should have unobstructed drainage; when releasing ecological flow, the downstream water level should be at least 0.1m lower than the weir crest to meet free outflow conditions. For example, such as... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a front view of a rectangular thin-walled weir provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, b represents the width of the weir opening, P represents the weir height, H represents the weir opening height, and h represents the water head at the weir crest. The recommended dimensions for the rectangular thin-walled weir are shown in Table 1 below:

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4The figure shows a front view of a triangular thin-walled weir provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where B represents the width of the upstream channel and T represents the width of the weir crest. Accordingly, the recommended dimensions for the triangular thin-walled weir in this embodiment are shown in Table 2 below:

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077] In addition, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The diagram shows the sharp edge of the weir mouth of a triangular thin-walled weir and a rectangular thin-walled weir provided in the embodiments of the present invention. The processing requirements of the sharp edge of the weir mouth are that the horizontal thickness of the sharp edge should be controlled between 1 and 2 mm. When the thickness is greater than this range, the lower edge of the notch should be processed into a slope, and the angle between the slope and the weir top and side should not be less than 45°.

[0078] In addition, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the spillway weir provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram, L represents the weir length, P represents the weir height, h1 represents the freeboard distance, and h2 represents the effective head upstream of the weir. Accordingly, the recommended dimensions of the spillway weir in this embodiment of the present invention are shown in Table 3 below:

[0079] Table 3

[0080]

[0081] In addition, such as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a flow measurement weir provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the water level measurement location is more than 0.8 meters away from the weir, the weir crest is at elevation 0, and the downstream water level should be 0.1 meters lower than the weir crest.

[0082] This invention provides a method for ecological flow release in hydropower stations, which enables ecological flow release in pressure steel pipe diversion hydropower stations and effectively improves the stability and ecological benefits of ecological flow release. (Refer to...) Figure 10 The method in this embodiment of the invention includes, but is not limited to, steps S210 to S220.

[0083] Specifically, the application process of the method of the present invention to the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow release system includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0084] Step S210: Obtain water level data through the monitoring module.

[0085] Step S220: Analyze the water level data and control the control valve according to the analysis results to adjust the flow rate of the measuring weir.

[0086] In this specific embodiment, the present invention monitors water level data through a monitoring module, analyzes the data, and then controls the control valve based on the analysis results to adjust the flow rate of the measuring weir. Specifically, the water level data in this embodiment refers to the water level data of the measuring weir. Accordingly, the monitoring module is installed on the measuring weir to monitor it in real time. Next, the present invention analyzes whether the flow rate discharged from the measuring weir meets the ecological flow requirements based on the monitored water level data, and obtains the corresponding analysis results. Then, the present invention adjusts the control valve based on the analysis results to regulate the flow rate of water flowing through the bypass pipe, thereby controlling the flow rate of the measuring weir. For example, increasing the flow rate of water in the bypass pipe increases the flow rate of the measuring weir, thereby realizing the ecological flow release of the pressure steel pipe diversion hydropower station. At the same time, through the closed-loop control formed between the monitoring module and the control valve, accurate regulation of the ecological flow release can be achieved, effectively improving the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow release.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, water level data is obtained by monitoring the monitoring module, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0088] The water head data at the crest of the measuring weir is dynamically collected using a water level gauge.

[0089] In this specific embodiment, the present invention dynamically collects the water head data at the crest of the measuring weir using a water level gauge. Specifically, the monitoring module in this embodiment includes a water level gauge, which is installed on the side wall of the measuring weir. Correspondingly, the water head data at the crest of the measuring weir refers to the water level height difference data at the crest of the weir, that is, the vertical height difference between the upstream water surface (front section) and the downstream water surface when water flows through the crest. The present invention calculates the flow rate through the measuring weir, i.e., the flow discharge of the measuring weir, by monitoring this water level difference.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, water level data is analyzed to control the control valve based on the analysis results, adjusting the flow rate of the measuring weir, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0091] The current flow rate is obtained by analyzing and calculating the water head data at the weir crest and the preset size parameters. The preset size parameters include the dimensions of the measuring weir.

[0092] Based on the analysis of current flow data and verified ecological flow parameters, the expected opening degree data is determined.

[0093] The control valve is adjusted based on the desired opening data to regulate the flow rate of the measuring weir.

[0094] In this specific embodiment, the present invention analyzes and calculates the current flow rate data by using the weir crest head data and preset size parameters. Then, based on the current flow rate data and the verified ecological flow parameters, it determines the desired opening size data. Based on the desired opening size data, it regulates the control valve to adjust the flow rate of the measuring weir. Specifically, the preset size parameters in this embodiment include the size data of the measuring weir. The flow rate (current flow rate data) of the water flowing through the measuring weir is calculated by combining the collected weir crest head and the corresponding measuring weir size data. For example, the flow measurement formula for the rectangular thin-walled weir in this embodiment is shown in equation (3) below:

[0095]

[0096] Wherein, C D b represents the flow coefficient. e Indicates the effective width, in meters (m), h e Indicates effective head, in meters (m), K b This represents the correction value for width b1 considering the effects of viscosity and surface tension, expressed in meters (m), K. h1 b1 represents the correction value for the head h considering the effects of viscosity and surface tension, in meters (m), and b1 represents the weir width, in meters (m).

[0097] In addition, when the inlet angle of the triangular thin-walled weir in this embodiment of the invention is between π / 9 and 5π / 9, the flow measurement formula is as follows (4):

[0098]

[0099] Where θ represents the weir angle in radians (rad), and K h2 This represents the correction value that takes into account the combined effects of viscosity and surface tension, and the unit is meters (m).

[0100] In addition, the formula for the free flow rate of the spillway in this embodiment of the invention is shown in equation (5) below:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, Q represents the ecological flow released by the release facility, expressed in cubic meters per second (m³ / s). 3 / s); K represents the inlet flow regime coefficient, used when the flow direction is not positive in the inlet section of a low weir; ε represents the lateral contraction coefficient; C represents the weir flow coefficient; g represents the acceleration due to gravity, in meters per square second (m / s²). 2 H represents the total head, in meters (m); n1 represents the number of through holes, in units; b represents the width of a single weir opening, in meters (m).

[0103] In addition, the flow rate formula for the flooded weir in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the following formula (6):

[0104]

[0105] Wherein, σ s This represents the weir inundation coefficient.

[0106] Next, this embodiment of the invention compares and analyzes the current flow rate data with the expected discharge flow rate (verified ecological flow parameters) to determine whether the current discharge flow rate meets the ecological flow requirements, thereby determining the expected opening degree data of the control valve. Finally, this embodiment of the invention adjusts the opening degree of the control valve according to the expected opening degree data. For example, if it is determined that the current discharge flow rate is less than the expected discharge flow rate, this embodiment of the invention increases the opening degree of the control valve according to the expected opening degree data to adjust the discharge flow rate of the measuring weir to meet the expected discharge flow rate, thereby achieving accurate control of ecological flow discharge.

[0107] It is readily understood that, without altering existing river-blocking facilities, this embodiment of the invention, by deploying this ecological flow release and monitoring facility, satisfies ecological environmental protection requirements without affecting the operational safety of the river-blocking facilities. It effectively alleviates the difficulties in releasing and monitoring ecological flow in small-scale hydropower stations using pressure steel pipes, demonstrating significant ecological benefits. Specifically, this embodiment releases ecological flow through a newly connected bypass pipe to the pressure steel pipe. The control valve on the bypass pipe controls the flow rate, and a new measuring weir is constructed at the end of the bypass pipe to quantitatively monitor the ecological flow, achieving precise release and monitoring of the ecological flow.

[0108] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0110] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0112] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0113] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0114] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0115] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for ecological flow release of a hydropower plant, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: monitoring water level data by a monitoring module; analyzing the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result to adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir; wherein the monitoring water level data by the monitoring module comprises: dynamically collecting weir crest water head data of the water measuring weir by a water level gauge; the analyzing the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result to adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir comprises: analyzing and calculating current flow data according to the weir crest water head data and preset size parameters; wherein the preset size parameters comprise size data of the water measuring weir; analyzing according to the current flow data and the approved ecological flow parameters to determine expected opening degree data; controlling the control valve according to the expected opening degree data to adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir; wherein the method is applied to an ecological flow discharge system of a hydropower station, the system is applied to a pressure steel pipe diversion type hydropower station, and the system comprises: a bypass pipe, an inlet end of the bypass pipe being connected with the pressure steel pipe, the bypass pipe being used for guiding water flow in the pressure steel pipe; a water measuring weir, the water measuring weir being connected with an outlet end of the bypass pipe, the water measuring weir being used for ecological flow discharge; a monitoring module, the monitoring module being arranged on the water measuring weir, the monitoring module being used for monitoring water level data of the water measuring weir; a control valve, the control valve being arranged on the bypass pipe, the control valve being used for adjusting water flow of the bypass pipe according to an analysis result of the water level data to control the flow discharge of the water measuring weir; wherein the inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected above a pipeline of the pressure steel pipe, and the outlet end of the bypass pipe is connected with a bottom of the water measuring weir; wherein the setting step of the bypass pipe comprises: analyzing and calculating pipeline inner diameter data according to the approved ecological flow parameters; setting the bypass pipe according to the pipeline inner diameter data; wherein the setting step of the water measuring weir comprises: analyzing to determine a target water measuring weir type according to the approved ecological flow parameters and preset flow measurement range data; wherein the target water measuring weir type comprises one of a rectangular thin-wall weir, a triangular thin-wall weir and a discharge weir; constructing the water measuring weir according to the target water measuring weir type.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The monitoring module comprises: a water level gauge, the water level gauge being arranged on the water measuring weir, the water level gauge being used for monitoring weir crest water head data of the water measuring weir.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The monitoring module further comprises: a camera sub-module, the camera sub-module being arranged on the water measuring weir, the camera sub-module being used for dynamically collecting weir mouth image data of the water measuring weir.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The bypass pipe comprises a bypass horizontal pipe section, and the control valve is arranged on the bypass horizontal pipe section.

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