Bolt-sphere universal hinge joint and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt-sphere universal hinge joint, which comprises a ball head screw rod, a ball head and a screw rod, a notch is formed in the middle of the screw rod; the bowl support assembly comprises a conical head and a sealing plate; the bowl support assembly is sleeved with the ball column sleeve in the circumferential direction, and the ball column sleeve comprises a hemispherical sleeve support and a columnar sleeve; the fastening screw is arranged in the notches of the ball head screw rod and the ball column sleeve; the bolt ball is an integrally-processed spherical body; the bowl support assembly and the ball column sleeve are sequentially connected outside the ball head screw, the ball head screw sequentially penetrates through a sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly and the sleeve inner wall of the ball column sleeve, and the screw end of the ball head screw is connected with the bolt ball. The invention further discloses an assembly method of the bolt-sphere universal hinge joint, the joint structure can release the rotational degree of freedom of the rod ends at a multi-rod intersection joint, ideal universal hinge constraint of'constraint translation and free rotation 'on the end portion of a spatial multi-dimensional structural member is achieved, meanwhile, the axial tension and compression bearing capacity of the joint is improved, and the joint structure is simple in structure and convenient to use. The processing and manufacturing difficulty is reduced; and the cost is reasonably controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hinge joint, and particularly to a bolt sphere universal hinge joint and its assembly method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern construction engineering technology, space structures are increasingly widely used in the field of architecture. Due to their unique aesthetic effects, efficient force-bearing performance, and good space utilization rate, space structures are widely used in stadiums, exhibition halls, large transportation hubs, and other public buildings.

[0003] In the above structural system, as a key structure connecting multiple members, the performance of the joint directly relates to the stability and load-bearing capacity of the overall structure. Traditional space grid structure joints usually adopt technologies such as bolt sphere joints, welded sphere joints, plug joints, sleeve joints, etc. However, in actual application scenarios, traditional joints have the following two deficiencies.

[0004] On the one hand, most traditional joints are difficult to simultaneously meet the design goals of "fully restraining linear displacement" and "fully releasing angular displacement" to achieve the ideal universal hinge constraint effect, resulting in the deviation of the actual structural performance from the design model. Moreover, due to the generation of additional bending moments in the members, the internal force requirements of the members will increase, thereby affecting the mechanical properties of the overall structure. This bending moment effect is particularly obvious in long-span space structures, which will not only increase the design and processing costs of the members but also pose a potential threat to the safety of the structure.

[0005] On the other hand, the complexity of multi-bar intersections also adds difficulties to joint design. Traditional joints have limited connection capabilities at multi-bar intersections, easily leading to stress concentration and uneven internal force distribution, being unable to effectively bear high-level axial tensile and compressive forces or multi-directional internal forces in space, and being difficult to meet the requirements under long-span structures or high-load conditions. Moreover, complex construction methods increase the processing costs, complicate construction and installation, and affect the economy.

[0006] Therefore, optimizing the mechanical characteristics of the joint, improving the load-bearing capacity of the joint, and reducing its processing and manufacturing difficulty are urgent problems to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the problems of insufficient mechanical properties and construction complexity at multi-bar intersections of traditional joints, the present invention provides a bolt sphere universal hinge joint. This joint structure can release the rotational freedom of the rod ends at multi-bar intersection joints, achieve the ideal universal hinge constraint of "constraining translation and freely rotating" at the ends of space multi-dimensional structural members, while enhancing the axial tensile and compressive bearing capacity of the joint, reducing the processing and manufacturing difficulty, and reasonably controlling the cost.

[0008] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A bolt sphere universal hinge joint of the present invention Comprising: A ball-headed screw, including a ball head and a screw. The ball head is hemispherical; the surface of the screw is engraved with threads, and a notch is provided in the middle; A bowl support assembly, in the shape of a bowl, including a tapered head and a sealing plate. The tapered head is annular; the sealing plate is an annular body with a central opening; A ball-column sleeve, circumferentially sleeved outside the bowl support assembly. The ball-column sleeve includes a hemispherical socket and a columnar sleeve. The columnar sleeve is a cylindrical hollow member, and a notch is provided on the wall of the columnar sleeve; A fastening screw, placed in the notches of the ball-headed screw and the ball-column sleeve; A bolt ball, which is a ball body integrally processed, and several threaded holes are provided inside the ball; The ball-headed screw is sequentially connected with the bowl support assembly and the ball-column sleeve outside. The ball-headed screw sequentially passes through the sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly and the inner wall of the sleeve of the ball-column sleeve, and the screw end of the ball-headed screw is connected to the bolt ball.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the bowl support assembly fits the shape of the ball head of the ball-headed screw, the outer wall of the bowl support assembly fits the shape of the inner wall of the hemispherical socket, and the bowl support assembly can rotate freely in the space formed in the cavity between the ball-headed screw and the hemispherical socket.

[0010] Furthermore, the edge of the tapered head of the bowl support assembly can be directly welded to the rod end, or an annular connecting plate can be extended and connected to the end of the damper through bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, the notch sizes of the ball-headed screw and the ball-column sleeve are the same. After the ball-headed screw, the bowl support assembly, and the ball-column sleeve are completed in series, the two notch positions correspond to form a complete notch.

[0012] Furthermore, the fastening screw is used to realize the synchronous rotation of the ball-headed screw and the ball-column sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the threads of the ball-headed screw match the internal threads of the bolt ball, and the two can be tightly connected through the threads.

[0014] The assembly method of the bolt ball universal hinge joint is as follows: S1: Pass the ball-headed screw through the sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly and the inner wall of the sleeve of the ball-column sleeve in sequence to complete the series connection of the ball-headed screw, the bowl support assembly, and the ball-column sleeve; S2: Tighten the fastening screw placed in the notches of the ball-headed screw and the ball-column sleeve to ensure that the ball-headed screw and the ball-column sleeve can rotate synchronously; S3: Weld the end of the rod to the edge of the tapered head of the bowl support assembly; S4: Connect the end of the damper to the tapered head of the bowl support assembly through bolts; S5: Place the assembled body that has completed the above steps at the corresponding hole positions of the bolt sphere, and rotate the spherical column sleeve to drive the ball head screw inside it to rotate synchronously and penetrate into the bolt sphere, realizing the tight connection between the bolt sphere and the ends of each component.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) By adopting the bowl support type integrated "cone head - gusset plate" assembly and the spherical column type sleeve, and connecting them in series with the ball head screw, while effectively restricting the axial linear displacement of the rod end, the present invention's joint completely releases its rotational freedom around each axis in space, realizing the ideal "universal hinge" connection characteristics.

[0016] (2) Through the design of the new joint structure, the axial tensile and compressive bearing capacity of the joint is significantly improved, and its overall mechanical properties are optimized. On the one hand, when the rod is in tension, the force transmission route is: tensile force → bowl support assembly → ball head screw → bolt sphere, and the tensile force can be effectively transmitted through the ball head screw; on the other hand, when the rod is in compression, the force transmission route is: compressive force → bowl support assembly → spherical column sleeve → bolt sphere, and the sleeve plays a role in buffering and force transmission during the connection process, while optimizing the stress angle between the rod and the bolt sphere, reducing local stress concentration at the joint, and significantly improving the axial bearing capacity of the joint.

[0017] (3) Based on the widely used bolt sphere joint technology, with the spherical joint as the core, the present joint connects the rod and the sphere through high-strength bolts, which is convenient for construction and flexible in assembly, greatly reducing the structural complexity and design and processing difficulty of the multi-rod converging joint.

[0018] (4) The edge of the cone head of the bowl support assembly can be directly welded to the rod end, or an annular connecting plate can be extended to connect with the end of the damper through bolts. Therefore, this new type of bolt sphere universal hinge joint is not only applicable to traditional space grid structures, but also applicable to space three-dimensional damper stroke amplification devices, with wide applicability. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the bolt sphere universal hinge joint in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the A position of the bolt sphere universal hinge joint in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the ball head screw in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the bowl support assembly (excluding the annular connecting plate) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bowl support assembly (including the annular connecting plate) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6Schematic diagram of the ball-column sleeve in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the combined installation of the ball-head screw, bowl support assembly, ball-column sleeve and fastening screw in the embodiment of the present invention (excluding the annular connecting plate); Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the combined installation of the ball-head screw, bowl support assembly, ball-column sleeve and fastening screw in the embodiment of the present invention (including the annular connecting plate); Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the combined installation of the ball-head screw, bowl support assembly, ball-column sleeve assembly and bolt ball in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial three-dimensional damper stroke amplification device realized by using the bolt ball universal hinge joint in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Partial enlarged view at position B in

[0021] Wherein, 1. Ball-head screw, 11. Ball head, 12. Screw; 2. Bowl support assembly, 21. Cone head, 22. Sealing plate, 23. Connecting plate; 3. Ball-column sleeve, 31. Hemispherical socket, 32. Columnar sleeve; 4. Fastening screw; 5. Bolt ball; 6. Member; 7. Damper. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, a bolt ball universal hinge joint in this embodiment includes a ball-head screw 1, a bowl support assembly 2, a ball-column sleeve 3, a fastening screw 4 and a bolt ball 5.

[0024] As Figure 3 shown, the ball-head screw 1 includes a ball head 11 and a screw 12. The ball head 11 is hemispherical or approximately spherical; the surface of the screw 12 is engraved with threads and a notch is provided in the middle.

[0025] As Figure 4 、 5 shown, the bowl support assembly 2 includes a cone head 21 and a sealing plate 22. The cone head 21 is annular; the sealing plate 22 is an annular body with a central opening. When the joint is connected to the damper, a circular connecting plate 23 needs to be machined on the edge of the cone head 21 and connected to the end of the damper through bolts.

[0026] As Figure 6 shown, the spherical column sleeve 3 is circumferentially sleeved outside the bowl support assembly 2. The spherical column sleeve 3 includes a hemispherical socket 31 and a columnar sleeve 32. The columnar sleeve 32 is a cylindrical hollow member, and a notch is provided on the sleeve wall.

[0027] The fastening screw 4 is placed in the notch of the ball head screw 1 and the spherical column sleeve 3; The bolt ball 5 is a spherical body processed integrally. A plurality of threaded holes are provided inside the ball. The hole positions and axis directions of the threaded holes in the bolt ball 5 are determined according to the designed angles of the rods.

[0028] The ball head screw 1 is sequentially connected to the bowl support assembly 2 and the spherical column sleeve 3 outside. The screw end 12 of the ball head screw 1 is connected to the bolt ball 5.

[0029] Furthermore, the inner wall of the bowl support assembly 2 conforms to the shape of the ball head of the ball head screw 1, and the outer wall of the bowl support assembly 2 conforms to the shape of the inner wall of the hemispherical socket 31. The bowl support assembly 2 can rotate freely in the space formed in the cavity of the ball head screw 1 and the hemispherical socket 31.

[0030] Furthermore, the tapered head edge of the bowl support assembly 2 can be directly welded to the rod end, or a ring-shaped connecting plate 23 can be extended and connected to the end of the damper through bolts.

[0031] Furthermore, the notch sizes of the ball head screw 1 and the spherical column sleeve 3 are the same. After the ball head screw 1, the bowl support assembly 2, and the spherical column sleeve 3 are completed in series, the two notch positions correspond to form a complete notch.

[0032] Furthermore, the fastening screw 4 has a high strength grade, and under the action of the fastening screw 4, the ball head screw 1 and the spherical column sleeve 3 can rotate synchronously.

[0033] Furthermore, the thread of the ball head screw 1 is in conformity with the internal thread of the bolt ball 5, and the two can be tightly connected through the thread.

[0034] As Figure 7 、 8 shown, during assembly, first, the ball head screw 1 should be sequentially passed through the sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly 2 and the inner wall of the sleeve of the spherical column sleeve 3 to complete the series connection of the ball head screw 1, the bowl support assembly 2, and the spherical column sleeve 3; then, the fastening screw 4 placed in the notch of the ball head screw 1 and the spherical column sleeve 3 is tightened to ensure that the ball head screw 1 and the spherical column sleeve 3 can rotate synchronously.

[0035] As Figure 9As shown, the bolt sphere 5 is a spheroid machined integrally, and several threaded holes are provided inside the sphere. Before assembly, first place the assembly at the corresponding hole positions of the bolt sphere 5, and rotate the ball column sleeve 3 to drive the ball head screw 1 inside it to rotate synchronously and penetrate into the bolt sphere 5, so as to realize the tight connection between the bolt sphere 5 and the ends of each component.

[0036] Figure 9 - 11 As shown, the assembly method of the bolt sphere universal hinge joint of the present invention is specifically as follows: S1: Pass the ball head screw 1 through the sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly 2 and the inner wall of the sleeve of the ball column sleeve 3 in sequence to complete the series connection of the ball head screw, the bowl support assembly, and the ball column sleeve. S2: Tighten the fastening screw 4 placed in the notch of the ball head screw 1 and the ball column sleeve 3 to ensure that the ball head screw 1 and the ball column sleeve 3 can rotate synchronously. S3: Weld the end of the member 6 to the conical head edge of the bowl support assembly 2. S4: Connect the end of the damper 7 to the conical head of the bowl support assembly 2 with bolts. S5: Place the assembly completed in the above steps at the corresponding hole positions of the bolt sphere 5, and rotate the ball column sleeve 3 to drive the ball head screw 1 inside it to rotate synchronously and penetrate into the bolt sphere 5, so as to realize the tight connection between the bolt sphere 5 and the ends of each component.

[0037] The spatial three-dimensional damper stroke amplification device in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 10 . As Figure 10 , Figure 11 shown, the bolt sphere universal hinge joint can not only realize the intersection of multiple rods, but also realize the connection with multiple dampers. Therefore, this new type of bolt sphere universal hinge joint is not only applicable to traditional space grid structures, but also applicable to spatial three-dimensional damper stroke amplification devices.

[0038] The present invention adopts a bowl support type integrated "cone head - sealing plate" assembly and a ball column type sleeve, and connects them in series with the ball head screw to realize the ideal universal hinge constraint of "constraining translation and freely rotating" at the ends of spatial multi-dimensional structural components; Through the new joint structure, the axial tensile and compressive bearing capacity of the joint is improved. On the one hand, when the member is in tension, the force transmission route is: tension → bowl support assembly → ball head screw → bolt sphere, and the effective transmission of tension can be realized through the ball head screw; on the other hand, when the member is in compression, the force transmission route is: pressure → bowl support assembly → ball column sleeve → bolt sphere, and the sleeve plays a role of buffering and force transmission during the connection process, while optimizing the stress angle between the member and the bolt sphere, reducing the local stress concentration at the joint, and significantly improving the axial bearing capacity of the joint; Based on the widely used bolted spherical joint technology, this joint takes the spherical joint as the core and connects the members to the ball through high-strength bolts, reducing the processing difficulty and reasonably controlling the cost.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bolt ball universal joint, characterized in that: include: A ball-head screw (1) comprises a ball head (11) and a screw (12), wherein the ball head (11) is hemispherical; a thread is engraved on the surface of the screw (12), and a notch is arranged in the middle; The bowl-holder assembly (2) is bowl-shaped and comprises a cone head (21) and a sealing plate (22); the cone head (21) is annular; and the sealing plate (22) is an annular body with a central opening. A spherical-column sleeve (3) is circumferentially sleeved on the outside of the bowl-holder assembly (2); the spherical-column sleeve (3) comprises a hemispherical sleeve (31) and a columnar sleeve (32); the columnar sleeve (3) is a cylindrical hollow component; a notch is provided on the wall of the columnar sleeve (32); A fastening screw (4) is placed in the grooves of the ball screw (1) and the ball column sleeve (3); The bolt ball (5) is an integrally processed spherical body, and a plurality of threaded holes are arranged in the sphere; The ball screw (1) is connected to the bowl support assembly (2) and the ball column sleeve (3) in sequence. The ball screw (1) passes through the sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly (2) and the inner wall of the ball column sleeve (3) in sequence. The screw (12) end of the ball screw (1) is connected to the bolt ball (5).

2. A bolt-ball universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the bowl support assembly (2) matches the shape of the ball head of the ball screw (1), and the outer wall of the bowl support assembly (2) matches the shape of the inner wall of the hemispherical sleeve (31). The bowl support assembly (2) can rotate freely in the space formed in the cavity of the ball screw (1) and the hemispherical sleeve (31).

3. The bolt ball universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical head edge of the bowl and tray assembly (2) is directly welded to the rod end, or the bowl and tray assembly (2) is extended to form an annular connecting plate (23) which is connected to the end of the damper (7) via bolts.

4. The bolt-ball universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notches of the ball screw (1) and the ball-column sleeve (3) have the same size, and after the ball screw (1), the bowl support assembly (2) and the ball-column sleeve (3) are connected in series, the positions of the two notches correspond to each other, forming a complete notch.

5. The bolt-ball universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastening screw (4) is used to achieve synchronous rotation of the ball screw (1) and the ball column sleeve (3).

6. The bolt-ball universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread of the ball screw (1) matches the internal thread of the bolt ball (5), and the two are tightly connected through the thread.

7. The assembly method of a bolt ball universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: The ball screw (1) is passed through the sealing plate hole of the bowl support assembly (2) and the inner wall of the ball-column sleeve (3) in sequence, so as to complete the series connection of the ball screw, the bowl support assembly and the ball-column sleeve; S2: tighten the fastening screws (4) placed in the grooves of the ball screw (1) and the ball sleeve (3) to ensure that the ball screw (1) and the ball sleeve (3) can rotate synchronously; S3: welding the end of the rod (6) to the edge of the cone head of the bowl support assembly (2); S4: Connecting the end of the damper (7) to the cone head of the bowl support assembly (2) by means of bolts; S5: placing the assembly completed in the above steps in the corresponding hole position of the bolt ball (5), and rotating the ball column sleeve (3), driving the ball head screw (1) inside it to rotate synchronously and penetrate into the bolt ball (5), so as to achieve a tight connection between the bolt ball (5) and the ends of each component.

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