Triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with adjustable decoupling network and decoupling method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-band co-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network and a decoupling method. These antennas belong to the field of communications and include a three-band differential antenna array and a co-aperture decoupling network layer, a first dielectric layer, an adhesive layer, a ground layer, a second dielectric layer, and a differential power divider layer, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The three-band differential antenna array and the co-aperture decoupling network layer include coplanar integrated three-band differential antenna units and an adjustable decoupling network. By employing the above-mentioned three-band co-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network and the decoupling method, through a symmetrical residual current cancellation strategy and the design of a co-aperture adjustable structure, the decoupling method overcomes the technical bottlenecks of traditional multi-band antenna decoupling, such as narrow bandwidth and complex decoupling structure, achieving the core advantages of three-band collaborative decoupling, wide bandwidth, high isolation, low volume, and high integration, providing a key solution for next-generation tele-sensing integrated technologies such as 6G and satellite communications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a triple-frequency common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network and a decoupling method. Background Art

[0002] With the iterative upgrades of wireless communication technology, the contradiction between the scarcity of spectrum resources and the demand for multifunctional integration in communication systems has become increasingly prominent. Cutting-edge technologies, such as 6G communications, satellite communications, and radar detection, all require systems to be able to work collaboratively across multiple frequency bands. For example, 6G systems must cover both sub-6GHz and millimeter wave bands to achieve wide-area coverage and high-speed transmission. Satellite communications must support the integration of multiple frequency bands, such as Ku / Ka / Q / V, to establish inter-satellite communication links. Radar systems must operate in multiple frequency bands, such as L / S / C / X / Ku, to identify and track multiple targets.

[0003] From the perspective of the antenna unit, the differential antenna has two ports with equal amplitude and reverse feeding, which overcomes the asymmetry problem of the single-ended antenna structure and reduces the cross-polarization level of the radiation pattern, thereby effectively improving the stability of the system, making it a preferred alternative to single-ended antennas. However, whether it is a single-ended antenna or a differential antenna, the coupling problem becomes particularly prominent when the units are closely arranged to form an array. In addition, compared to single-ended antennas, the dual-port structure of the differential antenna leads to a more complex coupling path, which makes the decoupling methods of single-ended antennas, such as electromagnetic band gap structures, neutral lines, and decoupling surfaces, unable to be directly applied to differential antennas.

[0004] Therefore, the current decoupling methods for differential antennas are as follows: 1. Single-ended conversion method: The differential antenna is connected to a one-to-two power divider for feeding, and is first converted into a single-ended antenna, and then the single-ended decoupling method is used for coupling suppression. However, this method destroys the symmetry of the differential antenna, resulting in the disappearance of the advantages of high linearity and strong anti-interference of the differential antenna; 2. Multi-port network method: Directly design a multi-port decoupling network for the differential antenna, and obtain the corresponding parameters through matrix derivation. However, this method has a large amount of mathematical calculations, complex operations, and relies more on simulation parameter adjustment. In addition, the decoupling bandwidth is narrow, making it difficult to apply in practice.

[0005] From the perspective of antenna arrays, multi-band co-aperture antenna array technology is widely used because it can effectively improve space utilization, enable multi-band communications, and reduce device size. However, multi-band co-aperture antenna arrays must consider not only the coupling of elements within a single frequency band, but also the coupling between bands. Therefore, developing effective decoupling techniques for multi-band co-aperture antenna arrays is crucial to improving antenna array performance and meeting the needs of future wireless communication systems.

[0006] Currently, research on decoupling multi-frequency co-aperture arrays has mostly focused on arrays composed of single-ended antennas. For example, 1. Traditional decoupling methods, such as matching networks, defective ground structures, and frequency selective surfaces, essentially aim to suppress the coupling current at the center frequency to near zero. This results in unbalanced coupling currents at other frequencies within the operating bandwidth, resulting in a narrow decoupling bandwidth and low efficiency in practical engineering applications. 2. Broadband decoupling methods, such as adding multiple parasitic structures and decoupling reflective surfaces, are generally only effective for a single or limited frequency band. It is difficult to achieve multi-band and broadband decoupling with a single structure, and it is unable to simultaneously suppress both intra-band and inter-band coupling. 3. Changing the antenna structure in one frequency band to decouple antenna arrays in other frequency bands is a common method used for decoupling base station antenna co-aperture arrays. However, this method requires considering inter-band scattering, resulting in high design complexity and system cost. 4. Designing antenna units to operate in different modes to achieve decoupling in different frequency bands often increases antenna unit design complexity and may reduce antenna efficiency.

[0007] In summary, no effective decoupling method has been proposed for multi-frequency co-aperture differential antenna arrays. Moreover, the above-mentioned decoupling methods are only applicable to co-aperture single-ended antennas with specific frequency ratios. Decoupling of arrays with different frequency ratios requires special design, and the decoupling network cannot be fine-tuned as the frequency ratio changes, resulting in low decoupling effect and decoupling flexibility, and a large workload. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network and a decoupling method to solve the above technical problems.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a three-band co-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network, comprising a three-band differential antenna array and a co-aperture decoupling network layer, a first dielectric layer, an adhesive layer, a ground layer, a second dielectric layer, and a differential power divider layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The three-band differential antenna array and the co-aperture decoupling network layer include coplanar integrated three-band differential antenna units and an adjustable decoupling network. The adjustable decoupling network is used to suppress the intra-band coupling and inter-band coupling of the three-band differential antenna.

[0010] Preferably, the three-band differential antenna unit includes a high-frequency antenna group, an intermediate-frequency antenna group, and a low-frequency antenna group located at the same height. The high-frequency antenna group includes two high-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed at the center of the three-band differential antenna array and the co-aperture decoupling network layer. The intermediate-frequency antenna group includes two intermediate-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the high-frequency antenna group. The low-frequency antenna group includes two low-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the high-frequency antenna group.

[0011] The adjustable decoupling network includes an H-shaped strip horizontally arranged between two high-frequency differential antennas, a bracket-shaped strip vertically arranged on the left and right sides of two intermediate-frequency differential antennas, and a T-shaped strip arranged between the intermediate-frequency differential antenna and the low-frequency differential antenna, and the T-shaped strip is vertically cross-connected with the bracket-shaped strip.

[0012] Preferably, the H-shaped strip and the bracket-shaped strip form a high-frequency decoupling network, which is used to achieve equality of coupling currents at the two differential ports of the non-excited high-frequency differential antenna when one of the high-frequency differential antennas is excited, so that the coupling currents cancel each other out after passing through the differential power divider, and at the same time, the bracket-shaped strip is used to suppress the inter-band coupling between the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna;

[0013] The bracket-shaped strips and the T-shaped strips form an intermediate frequency decoupling network, which is used to improve the isolation between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas by adjusting the parameters of the T-shaped strips when one of the intermediate frequency differential antennas is excited, thereby achieving decoupling between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas. At the same time, the bracket-shaped strips and the T-shaped strips form a cascade network to perform inter-band decoupling between the intermediate frequency differential antenna and the high frequency differential antenna.

[0014] The H-shaped strips, bracket-shaped strips and T-shaped strips form a co-aperture decoupling network, which is used to suppress the in-band coupling of the two low-frequency differential antennas as a whole when one of the low-frequency differential antennas is excited.

[0015] Preferably, when the high-frequency decoupling network is loaded, the residual currents of the two ports of the non-excited high-frequency differential antenna are set to be and , and set the residual currents of the two ports of the intermediate frequency differential antenna to be and , after passing through the differential power divider, we have ,and .

[0016] Preferably, in the intermediate frequency decoupling network, the original admittance matrix between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas is , the admittance matrix of the intermediate frequency decoupling network is , the impedance and electrical length of the bracket strip are and , the impedance and electrical length of the T-strip are and ,and 、 and All are fixed values, adjustable Make When , the in-band coupling suppression between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas is achieved.

[0017] Preferably, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are both made of Rogers 5880.

[0018] Decoupling methods for a three-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network include intra-band decoupling and inter-band decoupling methods. The intra-band decoupling method includes decoupling between two high-frequency differential antennas, decoupling between two mid-frequency differential antennas, and decoupling between two low-frequency differential antennas.

[0019] The inter-band decoupling method includes decoupling between high-frequency differential antennas, medium-frequency differential antennas and low-frequency differential antennas.

[0020] Preferably, the decoupling between the two high-frequency differential antennas is achieved by H-shaped strips and bracket-shaped strips based on the principle of symmetrical residual current cancellation;

[0021] Decoupling between the two IF differential antennas is achieved by adjusting the parameters of the T-strip;

[0022] Decoupling between the two low-frequency differential antennas is achieved indirectly by inserting a high-frequency antenna group, an intermediate-frequency antenna group, and a co-aperture decoupling network;

[0023] The decoupling between the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna is achieved by forming a cascade network of bracket-shaped strips and T-shaped strips.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned three-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network and the decoupling method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The highly symmetrical H-shaped, bracket-shaped, and T-shaped strip structures ensure the inherent high linearity, strong anti-interference, and low cross-polarization characteristics of the differential antenna, avoiding the symmetry-destroying defect of the traditional single-ended to differential decoupling method and maintaining system stability.

[0026] 2. Based on the symmetrical residual current cancellation strategy, equal coupling current is allowed at the port, breaking through the limitation of traditional methods that only suppress center frequency coupling. The high-frequency band isolation is improved to more than 20dB, the bandwidth covers 25-31GHz, and the isolation in the mid-band is better than 25dB.

[0027] 3. The tri-band antenna and decoupling network are integrated at the same height, reducing the volume by approximately 40% compared to the traditional layered structure. This avoids scattering problems caused by height differences between different frequency bands and improves system integration.

[0028] 4. The multi-band collaborative decoupling network can simultaneously handle intra-band (high frequency, medium frequency, low frequency) and inter-band (high and medium frequency, high and low frequency) coupling, with high and medium frequency isolation increased to 32dB and high and low frequency isolation to 20dB, breaking through the limitations of traditional methods that require designing for a single frequency band or a specific frequency ratio.

[0029] In summary, the present invention can be applied to co-aperture differential antenna arrays with different frequency ratios by fine-tuning the length of the co-aperture decoupling network strip structure. Simultaneous decoupling of different frequency bands can be achieved through the same structure, eliminating the need for separate decoupling design for each multi-frequency array. This improves the flexibility of the overall design and the system integration. It can be applied to antenna arrays in the fields of 6G, satellite communications, radar, etc., providing possibilities for the realization of future integrated synaesthesia technology.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The three-band differential antenna array and the common-aperture decoupling network layer of the three-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the interlayer arrangement of the triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A decoupling principle diagram of a high-frequency decoupling network of a triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a decoupling principle diagram of the intermediate frequency decoupling network of the triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the working frequency bands before and after decoupling described in the simulation experiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 Graphs comparing the isolation before and after decoupling of the three-frequency common-aperture differential antenna described in the simulation experiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a graph comparing the isolation before and after decoupling of the three-frequency common-aperture differential antenna at high frequencies, (b) is a graph comparing the isolation before and after decoupling of the three-frequency common-aperture differential antenna at medium frequencies, and (c) is a graph comparing the isolation before and after decoupling of the three-frequency common-aperture differential antenna at low frequencies;

[0037] Figure 7 These are comparison diagrams of the radiation directions of the three-band co-aperture differential antenna described in the simulation experiment of the present invention before and after decoupling, wherein (a) is a comparison diagram of the 10 GHz (low frequency) radiation direction of the three-band co-aperture differential antenna before and after decoupling, (b) is a comparison diagram of the 18.5 GHz (medium frequency) radiation direction of the three-band co-aperture differential antenna before and after decoupling, and (c) is a comparison diagram of the 28 GHz (high frequency) radiation direction of the three-band co-aperture differential antenna before and after decoupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar numbers throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a three-band co-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network includes a three-band differential antenna array and a co-aperture decoupling network layer, a first dielectric layer, an adhesive layer, a ground layer, a second dielectric layer, and a differential power divider layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The three-band differential antenna array and the co-aperture decoupling network layer include coplanar integrated three-band differential antenna units and an adjustable decoupling network. The adjustable decoupling network is used to suppress the intra-band coupling and inter-band coupling of the three-band differential antenna.

[0042] Among them, the three-band differential antenna unit includes a high-frequency antenna group, a medium-frequency antenna group and a low-frequency antenna group located at the same height (all radiating patches are designed at the same height. Compared with the traditional co-aperture base station antenna array with height differences between units, its system posture is low, easy to integrate, and avoids the inter-band scattering problem caused by the height difference of antennas in different frequency bands). The high-frequency antenna group includes two high-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed at the center of the three-band differential antenna array and the co-aperture decoupling network layer. The medium-frequency antenna group includes two medium-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the high-frequency antenna group. The low-frequency antenna group includes two low-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the high-frequency antenna group. The adjustable decoupling network includes an H-shaped strip for horizontally setting between the two high-frequency differential antennas, a bracket-shaped strip arranged vertically on the left and right sides of the two medium-frequency differential antennas, and a T-shaped strip set between the medium-frequency differential antenna and the low-frequency differential antenna, and the T-shaped strip is vertically cross-connected with the bracket-shaped strip.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, the H-shaped strip and the bracket-shaped strip form a high-frequency decoupling network, which is used to achieve equality of coupling current at the two differential ports of the non-excited high-frequency differential antenna when one of the high-frequency differential antennas is excited, so that the coupling currents can cancel each other out after passing through the differential power divider. At the same time, the bracket-shaped strip is used to suppress the inter-band coupling between the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna.

[0044] When the high-frequency decoupling network is loaded, the residual currents of the two ports of the non-excited high-frequency differential antenna are set to be and , and set the residual currents of the two ports of the intermediate frequency differential antenna to be and , after passing through the differential power divider, we have ,and .

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the bracket-shaped strips and the T-shaped strips form an intermediate frequency decoupling network, which is used to improve the isolation between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas by adjusting the parameters of the T-shaped strips when one of the intermediate frequency differential antennas is excited, thereby achieving decoupling between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas. At the same time, the bracket-shaped strips and the T-shaped strips form a cascade network to perform inter-band decoupling between the intermediate frequency differential antenna and the high frequency differential antenna.

[0046] In the IF decoupling network, the original admittance matrix between the two IF differential antennas is , the admittance matrix of the intermediate frequency decoupling network is , the impedance and electrical length of the bracket strip are and , the impedance and electrical length of the T-strip are and ,and 、 and All are fixed values, adjustable Make When , the in-band coupling suppression between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas is achieved.

[0047] For a specific impedance and electrical length The admittance matrix of the transmission line is :

[0048] ;

[0049] Where, is an imaginary unit; therefore, in the impedance Adjust electrical length when fixed The admittance matrix can be adjusted to , verified that by adjusting the electrical length Adjusting the admittance matrix possibility.

[0050] The H-shaped strips, bracket-shaped strips and T-shaped strips form a co-aperture decoupling network, which is used to suppress the in-band coupling of the two low-frequency differential antennas as a whole when one of the low-frequency differential antennas is excited. (The high-frequency antenna group, the intermediate-frequency antenna group and the co-aperture decoupling network as a whole do not significantly suppress the coupling between the two low-frequency differential antennas. However, due to the large spacing between the two low-frequency differential antennas, the co-aperture decoupling network does not deteriorate the isolation level between the two low-frequency differential antennas. In addition, the size of the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna is smaller than that of the low-frequency differential antenna, thereby suppressing the inter-band coupling current existing on the high and medium-frequency differential antennas).

[0051] The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are both made of Rogers 5880.

[0052] The decoupling method of a three-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network includes an intra-band decoupling method and an inter-band decoupling method. The intra-band decoupling method includes decoupling between two high-frequency differential antennas, decoupling between two intermediate-frequency differential antennas, and decoupling between two low-frequency differential antennas; the inter-band decoupling method includes decoupling between high-frequency differential antennas, intermediate-frequency differential antennas, and low-frequency differential antennas.

[0053] Decoupling between two high-frequency differential antennas is achieved through H-shaped strips and bracket-shaped strips based on the principle of symmetrical residual current cancellation; decoupling between two intermediate-frequency differential antennas is achieved by adjusting the parameters of the T-shaped strips; decoupling between two low-frequency differential antennas is achieved indirectly by inserting a high-frequency antenna group, an intermediate-frequency antenna group and a co-aperture decoupling network; decoupling between the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna is achieved through bracket-shaped strips, or by forming a cascade network of bracket-shaped strips and T-shaped strips.

[0054] Simulation experiment

[0055] In this simulation experiment, electromagnetic simulation software was used to construct a three-dimensional model of the triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to the present invention, and the size parameters of the adjustable decoupling network were set. The results before decoupling were added for comparison. The results are shown in the figure below. Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, it should be noted that Figure 5 middle, 、 、 Represent the high, medium and low frequency differential antenna unit reflection coefficients respectively; Figure 6 middle, 、 、 、 、 、 They represent high-frequency intra-band coupling, high-mid-frequency inter-band coupling, high-low-frequency inter-band coupling, mid-frequency intra-band coupling, mid-low-frequency inter-band coupling, and low-frequency intra-band coupling, respectively.

[0056] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that after decoupling, the center frequencies of the high, medium and low frequencies are 10 GHz (low frequency), 18.5 GHz (medium frequency) and 28 GHz (high frequency), respectively, with a frequency ratio of 1:1.85:2.8. The high frequency band (25-31 GHz) covers a 2 GHz working bandwidth, the low frequency band (9-11 GHz) covers a 0.5 GHz working bandwidth, and the medium frequency band (17-20 GHz) covers a 1 GHz working bandwidth, which verifies the coverage capability of the adjustable decoupling network described in the present invention for the working frequency bands of the three-band common-aperture antenna.

[0057] Depend on Figure 6 As shown in (a), the isolation between high-frequency antennas was approximately 10 dB before decoupling, but increased to over 20 dB after decoupling (e.g., 54 dB at 28 GHz). Simultaneously, isolation between high- and low-frequency bands increased from 30 dB to 42 dB, and isolation between high- and low-frequency bands increased from 17 dB to 21 dB. This indicates that the adjustable decoupling network described in this invention can effectively suppress coupling within the high-frequency band and between different frequency bands, meeting the requirements of multi-frequency communication.

[0058] Depend on Figure 6 As shown in (b), the isolation between mid-frequency antennas was approximately 12dB before decoupling, but increased to over 27dB after decoupling (e.g., 29dB at 18.5GHz). Isolation between mid- and high-frequency bands remained above 32dB, while isolation between mid- and low-frequency bands increased to 25dB. This demonstrates that the synergistic effect of the T-shaped and bracket-shaped strips described in this invention achieves efficient isolation within the mid-frequency band and between different frequency bands.

[0059] Depend on Figure 6 As shown in (c), the low-frequency inter-antenna isolation before decoupling was approximately 20 dB, but after decoupling, it increased to over 25 dB (e.g., 26 dB at 10 GHz). Isolation between low- and high-frequency bands remained above 25 dB, while isolation between low- and mid-frequency bands increased to 24 dB. This demonstrates the coupling suppression effectiveness of the co-aperture decoupling network described in this invention at low frequencies.

[0060] Depend on Figure 7 As can be seen, after decoupling, the high-frequency gain increases by 0.5-1.2 dB (for example, the 28 GHz gain increases from 5.6 dB to 6.8 dB), while the gain in the mid- and low-frequency bands remains stable. The main polarization pattern maintains good consistency. This demonstrates that the adjustable decoupling network described in this invention suppresses coupling without sacrificing antenna radiation performance, and even improves gain by reducing energy coupling loss.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network, comprising, arranged from top to bottom, a triple-band differential antenna array, a common-aperture decoupling network layer, a first dielectric layer, an adhesive layer, a ground layer, a second dielectric layer, and a differential power divider layer, characterized in that: The three-band differential antenna array and co-aperture decoupling network layer include coplanar integrated three-band differential antenna units and an adjustable decoupling network. The adjustable decoupling network is used to suppress the intra-band coupling and inter-band coupling of the three-band differential antenna. The three-band differential antenna array includes a high-frequency antenna group, a medium-frequency antenna group, and a low-frequency antenna group located at the same height. The high-frequency antenna group includes two high-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed at the center of the three-band differential antenna array and the co-aperture decoupling network layer. The medium-frequency antenna group includes two medium-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the high-frequency antenna group. The low-frequency antenna group includes two low-frequency differential antennas symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the high-frequency antenna group. The adjustable decoupling network includes an H-shaped strip horizontally arranged between two high-frequency differential antennas, a bracket-shaped strip vertically arranged on the left and right sides of two intermediate-frequency differential antennas, and a T-shaped strip arranged between the intermediate-frequency differential antenna and the low-frequency differential antenna, and the T-shaped strip is vertically cross-connected with the bracket-shaped strip.

2. The triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The H-shaped strips and bracket-shaped strips form a high-frequency decoupling network, which is used to achieve equality of coupling currents at the two differential ports of the non-excited high-frequency differential antenna when one of the high-frequency differential antennas is excited, so that the coupled currents can cancel each other out after passing through the differential power divider. At the same time, the bracket-shaped strips are used to suppress the inter-band coupling between the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna. The bracket-shaped strips and the T-shaped strips form an intermediate frequency decoupling network, which is used to improve the isolation between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas by adjusting the parameters of the T-shaped strips when one of the intermediate frequency differential antennas is excited. At the same time, the bracket-shaped strips and the T-shaped strips form a cascade network to perform inter-band decoupling between the intermediate frequency differential antenna and the high frequency differential antenna. The H-shaped strips, bracket-shaped strips and T-shaped strips form a co-aperture decoupling network, which is used to suppress the in-band coupling of the two low-frequency differential antennas as a whole when one of the low-frequency differential antennas is excited.

3. The triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the high-frequency decoupling network is loaded, the residual currents of the two ports of the non-excited high-frequency differential antenna are set to be and , and set the residual currents of the two ports of the intermediate frequency differential antenna to be and , after passing through the differential power divider, we have ,and .

4. The triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the IF decoupling network, the original admittance matrix between the two IF differential antennas is , the admittance matrix of the intermediate frequency decoupling network is , the impedance and electrical length of the bracket strip are and , the impedance and electrical length of the T-strip are and ,and 、 and All are fixed values, adjustable Make When , the in-band coupling suppression between the two intermediate frequency differential antennas is achieved.

5. The triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are both made of Rogers 5880.

6. The decoupling method for a triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: It includes an intra-band decoupling method and an inter-band decoupling method, wherein the intra-band decoupling method includes decoupling between two high-frequency differential antennas, decoupling between two intermediate-frequency differential antennas, and decoupling between two low-frequency differential antennas; The inter-band decoupling method includes decoupling between high-frequency differential antennas, medium-frequency differential antennas and low-frequency differential antennas.

7. The decoupling method for a triple-band common-aperture differential antenna with an adjustable decoupling network according to claim 6, characterized in that: Decoupling between the two high-frequency differential antennas is achieved through H-shaped strips and bracket-shaped strips based on the principle of symmetrical residual current cancellation; Decoupling between the two IF differential antennas is achieved by adjusting the parameters of the T-strip; Decoupling between the two low-frequency differential antennas is achieved indirectly by inserting a high-frequency differential antenna group, an intermediate-frequency differential antenna group, and a co-aperture decoupling network; The decoupling between the high-frequency differential antenna and the intermediate-frequency differential antenna is achieved by forming a cascade network of bracket-shaped strips and T-shaped strips.

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