Powder spraying process for machining aviation parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation part machining, in particular to a powder spraying process for machining aviation parts, which comprises the following steps: determining a powder spraying state according to a powder influence index and part surface complexity, and determining a spraying mode according to the powder spraying state; a single-time spraying mode is determined according to the component characteristic value and the scanning allowable coefficient; in scanning spraying, the number of scanning lines is determined according to the spraying influence coefficient; in spraying planning, a planning mode is determined according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient, and a compensation mode is determined according to the adjacent spraying coefficient under the condition that one-time spraying is completed; determining a drying mode according to the coating pre-damage coefficient and the coating complexity; under the condition that drying is completed, the coating state is determined according to the defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree, and an optimization mode is determined according to the coating state; according to the method, the coating uniformity and the quality stability of the aviation parts can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aviation component processing, and particularly relates to a powder spraying process for processing aviation components. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aviation component manufacturing, the powder spraying process is a core link in surface treatment, and its quality directly determines the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and overall service life of components. However, during the powder spraying process of aviation components, there are problems such as poor coating uniformity, insufficient adhesion, and low thickness control accuracy, resulting in the coating quality of aviation components being difficult to meet the expected standards. Therefore, how to improve the coating quality of aviation components is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102950101A discloses a surface powder spraying anti-corrosion process for iron parts of a construction machinery radiator, including: 1) Powder spraying. Using an electrostatic powder spraying device to evenly spray an anti-corrosion powder coating onto the surface of the radiator workpiece to form a uniform powder coating; 2) Baking. Sending the above workpiece into a baking furnace for baking, leveling, and curing. It can be seen that the above technical solution has the following problems: It is impossible to adaptively adjust the powder spraying method according to the complex surface conditions of the component and the powder state, resulting in insufficient coating uniformity and quality stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] For this reason, the present invention provides a powder spraying process for processing aviation components to overcome the problems in the prior art that it is impossible to adaptively adjust the powder spraying method according to the complex surface conditions of the component and the powder state, resulting in insufficient coating uniformity and quality stability.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a powder spraying process for processing aviation components, including: Determine the powder spraying state according to the powder influence index and the surface complexity of the component, and determine the spraying method according to the powder spraying state. The spraying method is intermittent powder spraying or direct powder spraying; Determine the single spraying method according to the component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient. The single spraying method is scanning spraying or planned spraying; During scanning spraying, determine the number of scanning lines according to the spraying influence coefficient; During planned spraying, determine the planning method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogenization tolerance coefficient, and under the condition of completing one spraying, determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient; The planning method is to perform associated area spraying according to the area correlation degree or perform spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient. The compensation method is to determine the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient or adjust the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient; Determine the drying method according to the pre-damage coefficient of the coating and the coating complexity. The drying method is dynamic drying according to the coating abnormality coefficient or constant drying according to the coating characteristic value. Under the condition of drying completion, determine the coating state according to the defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree, and determine the optimization method according to the coating state for adjusting the circulating wind speed or the powder flow index.

[0006] Furthermore, if the powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is greater than or equal to the preset powder influence index or the surface complexity of the component is greater than or equal to the preset surface complexity of the component, the spraying method is intermittent powder spraying.

[0007] Furthermore, if the powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is less than the preset powder influence index and the surface complexity of the component is less than the preset surface complexity of the component, the spraying method is direct powder spraying.

[0008] Furthermore, if the component characteristic value is less than the preset component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the single spraying method is scanning spraying. During scanning spraying, spray on the characteristic plane corresponding to the target aviation component, and determine the number of scanning lines according to the spraying influence coefficient. The number of scanning lines corresponding to a single characteristic plane has a positive correlation with the spraying influence coefficient corresponding to this characteristic plane.

[0009] Furthermore, if the component characteristic value is greater than or equal to the preset component characteristic value or the scanning allowance coefficient is less than the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the single spraying method is planned spraying. During planned spraying, determine the planning method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogenization tolerance coefficient, and under the condition of completing one spraying, determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient.

[0010] Furthermore, determine the planning method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogenization tolerance coefficient, including: If the rebound influence coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset rebound influence coefficient or the homogenization tolerance coefficient is less than the preset homogenization tolerance coefficient, the planning method is to perform associated area spraying according to the area correlation degree. If the rebound influence coefficient is less than the preset rebound influence coefficient and the homogenization tolerance coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset homogenization tolerance coefficient, the planning method is to perform spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient.

[0011] Furthermore, determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient, including: If the adjacent spraying coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the compensation method is to determine the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient. If the adjacent spraying coefficient is less than the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the compensation method is to adjust the spraying distance to decrease according to the adjacent spraying coefficient.

[0012] Furthermore, the drying method is determined according to the pre-damage coefficient of the coating and the coating complexity, including: If the pre-damage coefficient of the coating is greater than or equal to the preset pre-damage coefficient of the coating or the coating complexity is greater than or equal to the preset coating complexity, the drying method is dynamic drying according to the coating anomaly coefficient; If the pre-damage coefficient of the coating is less than the preset pre-damage coefficient of the coating and the coating complexity is less than the preset coating complexity, the drying method is constant drying according to the coating characteristic value.

[0013] Furthermore, if the coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is greater than or equal to the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the optimization method is to increase the adjustment of the circulating wind speed; The increased value of the circulating wind speed has a positive correlation with the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0014] Furthermore, if the coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is less than the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the optimization method is to increase the adjustment of the powder flow index; The increased value of the powder flow index has a positive correlation with the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that in the technical solution of the present invention, by effectively reflecting the adaptability of the powder material characteristics and the process and the surface complexity of the aviation parts according to the powder influence index and the surface complexity of the parts, and then adaptively selecting different spraying methods according to the powder spraying state, the selection of the spraying method is more in line with the actual application scenario, which can significantly improve the quality of the powder spraying process, and further reduce the coating defects of the aviation parts.

[0016] Furthermore, in the present invention, the spraying difficulty of the aviation parts and the allowable degree of scanning spraying can be effectively reflected by the part characteristic value and the scanning allowable coefficient. Then, different single spraying methods are adaptively selected according to the part characteristic value and the scanning allowable coefficient. When performing scanning spraying, the spraying efficiency can be improved while ensuring the coverage rate. When performing planned spraying, the rebound pollution condition of the processed parts and the requirement of the uniform precision of the processing can be effectively reflected by the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient. Then, different planning methods are adaptively selected according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient, so that the selected planning method can improve the uniformity of the coating of the aviation parts.

[0017] Furthermore, in the present invention, under the condition of completing one - time spraying, the powder spraying situation in the first powder spraying process is effectively reflected by the adjacent spraying coefficient. Then, different compensation methods are adaptively selected according to the adjacent spraying coefficient. Through the dual guarantee of path offset and angle compensation, the coating consistency is ensured, thereby reducing the rework rate caused by uneven coating and improving the precision and processing efficiency of aviation component processing.

[0018] Furthermore, in the present invention, the coating condition of the aviation component before drying is effectively reflected by the coating pre - damage coefficient and the coating complexity. Then, different drying methods are adaptively selected according to the coating pre - damage coefficient and the coating complexity, so that the selected drying method can reduce the bubble defect rate and improve the stability of the coating quality.

[0019] Furthermore, in the present invention, the defect degree of the coating after drying is effectively reflected by the defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree. Then, different optimization methods are adaptively selected according to the coating state, so that the selected optimization method is more in line with the actual application scenario and can improve the coating uniformity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the powder spraying process for processing aviation components of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flowchart of determining the spraying method according to the powder spraying state of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flowchart of determining the single - time spraying method according to the component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flowchart of determining the planning method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a powder spraying process for processing aviation components, including: Determine the powder spraying state according to the powder influence index and the surface complexity of the component, and determine the spraying method according to the powder spraying state. The spraying method is intermittent powder spraying or direct powder spraying; Determine the single - time spraying method according to the component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient. The single - time spraying method is scanning spraying or planned spraying; During scanning spraying, determine the number of scanning lines according to the spraying influence coefficient; During planned spraying, determine the planning method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogenization tolerance coefficient, and under the condition of completing one - time spraying, determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient; The planning method is to spray the associated area according to the area correlation degree or to perform spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient. The compensation method is to determine the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient or to adjust the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient; Determine the drying method according to the coating pre - damage coefficient and the coating complexity. The drying method is dynamic drying according to the coating abnormality coefficient or constant - state drying according to the coating characteristic value; Under the condition of completing drying, determine the coating state according to the defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree, and determine the optimization method as adjusting the cyclic wind speed or the powder flow index according to the coating state.

[0026] In the present invention, there are several historical records correspondingly set. Any historical record records at least the powder influence index, the surface complexity of the component, the component characteristic value, the scanning allowance coefficient, the rebound influence coefficient, and the homogenization tolerance coefficient, etc. during the historical process of powder spraying of aviation components at least once, and each historical record corresponds to a qualified mark. The qualified mark records whether the process of powder spraying of aviation components meets the user's requirements. The qualified mark can be recorded manually. It can be understood that the user can determine whether the process of powder spraying of aviation components meets the requirements according to the self - set indexes. The self - set indexes can be, but are not limited to, the coating thickness, which will not be elaborated here; The condition for completing drying is that the coating of the target aviation component is dried completely; In the present invention, a target coefficient and a related threshold are set. The corresponding relationship between the target coefficient and the related threshold is represented by a weight formula: Target Coefficient = Weight Coefficient × Related Threshold. Specifically, in the present invention, the number of sub-regions, the number of powder spraying times, the total powder spraying amount corresponding to the target aviation component, the number of scanning lines, the number of combined lines, the priority coefficient, the number of sub-intervals, the number of spiral turns, the number of sub-intervals divided by the dividing surface, the path deviation degree, the decrease value of the spraying distance, the increase value of the circulating wind speed, and the increase value of the powder flow index are recorded as the target coefficient, and the number of point clouds in the target three-dimensional model, the evaluation reference value, the surface area of the target three-dimensional model, the spraying influence coefficient, the combined evaluation threshold, the combined influence coefficient, the feature reference value, the regional difficulty coefficient, the spraying ratio coefficient, the adjacent spraying coefficient, and the comprehensive evaluation value are recorded as the related threshold. It can be understood that there is a related threshold corresponding to each target coefficient. For example, there is a positive correlation between the number of powder spraying times and the evaluation reference value, and the positive correlation between the number of powder spraying times and the evaluation reference value is represented by the weight formula. The value of the weight coefficient can be determined according to the user's historical experience based on the influence degree of the evaluation reference value on the number of powder spraying times, and the value of the weight coefficient can be optimized according to the historical records of multiple powder spraying processes in combination with a multi-layer perceptron. Optimizing the value of the weight coefficient using a multi-layer perceptron is easily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. The value-taking principle of the weight coefficients corresponding to other target coefficients and related thresholds is the same and will not be elaborated here.

[0027] Specifically, if the powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is greater than or equal to the preset powder influence index or the surface complexity of the component is greater than or equal to the preset component surface complexity, the spraying method is intermittent powder spraying.

[0028] Among them, the powder spraying state includes a first powder spraying state and a second powder spraying state. The first powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is greater than or equal to the preset powder influence index or the surface complexity of the component is greater than or equal to the preset component surface complexity, and the second powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is less than the preset powder influence index and the surface complexity of the component is less than the preset component surface complexity; Powder influence index = Charge reference value / Element uniformity coefficient. The charge reference value is the average value of the electric charges corresponding to 20 randomly selected powder particles. The electric charge corresponding to a single powder particle is measured by the Faraday cylinder method, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here; Element uniformity coefficient = 1 / Standard deviation of the peak coefficients corresponding to various elements contained in the powder. The peak coefficient corresponding to a single element is the intensity of the characteristic peak of the element in the spectral image. The spectral image is obtained by detecting the powder sample by atomic emission spectrometry, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here; The aviation components for powder spraying in the present invention are denoted as target aviation components. The method for confirming the surface complexity of the components is as follows: Obtain the three-dimensional model of the target aviation components through a three-dimensional scanner, and denote it as the target three-dimensional model. Divide the target three-dimensional model into several cubes with equal volume and shape, and denote each cube as a sub-region. The number of sub-regions is positively correlated with the number of point clouds in the target three-dimensional model. Component surface complexity = standard deviation of the point cloud coefficients corresponding to each sub-region / number of sub-regions. The point cloud coefficient corresponding to a single sub-region = ln[number of point clouds in this sub-region × (standard deviation of the distance coefficients corresponding to each point cloud in this sub-region)]. The method for confirming the distance coefficient corresponding to a single point cloud is as follows: Denote this point cloud as the target point cloud, denote the other point clouds in the sub-region where the target point cloud is located as reference point clouds, and denote the average value of the shortest distances from the target point cloud to each reference point cloud as the distance coefficient corresponding to the target point cloud; Preset the values of the powder influence index and the preset component surface complexity, which can be determined by the user according to the actual application scenario. The greater the user's demand for improving the powder spraying uniformity, the smaller the values of the preset powder influence index and the preset component surface complexity. Provide a set of values for the preset powder influence index and the preset component surface complexity. Detect the historical records of the user's direct powder spraying, and denote the average value of the powder influence indices corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset powder influence index, and denote the average value of the component surface complexities corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset component surface complexity; Intermittent powder spraying includes: determining the number of powder spraying times corresponding to the target aviation components according to the evaluation reference value. The number of powder spraying times is positively correlated with the evaluation reference value. Evaluation reference value = powder influence index + component surface complexity. The powder spraying interval is the time duration between two adjacent powder spraying operations. The value of the powder spraying interval can be determined by the user according to the actual needs. Provide a value for the powder spraying interval, which is 5 minutes. Single powder spraying amount = total powder spraying amount corresponding to the target aviation components / number of powder spraying times. The total powder spraying amount corresponding to the target aviation components is positively correlated with the surface area of the target three-dimensional model. The surface area of the target three-dimensional model can be determined by Geomagic Wrap or Trimble RealWorks.

[0029] Specifically, if the powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is less than the preset powder influence index and the component surface complexity is less than the preset component surface complexity, the spraying method is direct powder spraying.

[0030] Among them, direct powder spraying includes: performing one-time powder spraying on the target aviation components, and the powder spraying amount is the total powder spraying amount corresponding to the target aviation components.

[0031] Specifically, if the component characteristic value is less than the preset component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the single spraying method is scanning spraying; During scanning spraying, spraying is performed on the characteristic plane corresponding to the target aviation component, and the number of scanning lines is determined according to the spraying influence coefficient; The number of scanning lines corresponding to a single characteristic plane is positively correlated with the spraying influence coefficient corresponding to this characteristic plane.

[0032] Among them, the two faces with the largest area of the target aviation component are used as the characteristic planes. The method for confirming the scanning lines is as follows: for a single characteristic plane, each point on its edge is recorded as an edge point, and several straight lines are formed by connecting two edge points. The longest straight line among them is recorded as the characteristic line. The characteristic line is divided into n equal parts. For each equal division point, a straight line perpendicular to the characteristic line is made and recorded as the first reference perpendicular line. The line segment passing through the equal division point and perpendicular to the characteristic line with the point on the first reference perpendicular line as the end point is recorded as the scanning line, and the number of scanning lines is n; Component characteristic value = |(surface area of the target 3D model / volume of the target 3D model) - 1|, Record the face with the largest area of the target 3D model as the reference face. Scanning allowance coefficient = projected area of the reference face projected onto the horizontal plane / area of the reference face. The surface area, volume, area of the reference face, and projected area of the target 3D model can be determined by Geomagic Wrap or Trimble RealWorks, which is easy for those skilled in the art to understand and will not be elaborated here; For the values of the preset component characteristic value and the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the user can determine them according to the actual application scenario. The larger the value of the preset component characteristic value and the smaller the value of the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the greater the user's need for scanning spraying. Provide a set of values for the preset component characteristic value and the preset scanning allowance coefficient. Detect the historical records of the user's scanning spraying, and record the average value of the component characteristic values corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset component characteristic value, and record the average value of the scanning allowance coefficients corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset scanning allowance coefficient; The method for confirming the spraying influence coefficient is as follows: for a single characteristic plane, the spraying influence coefficient corresponding to this characteristic plane = length of the characteristic line corresponding to this characteristic plane × powder influence index; It should be noted that if the single spraying method is scanning spraying, during intermittent powder spraying, spraying is performed along each scanning line during each spraying after the first spraying is completed.

[0033] Specifically, if the component characteristic value is greater than or equal to the preset component characteristic value or the scanning allowance coefficient is less than the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the single spraying method is planned spraying; During the planned spraying, the planning method is determined according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient, and under the condition of completing the first spraying, the compensation method is determined according to the adjacent spraying coefficient.

[0034] Among them, the condition for completing the first spraying is that the planned spraying is adopted and the spraying method is intermittent powder spraying, and the first spraying of the target aviation component is completed.

[0035] Specifically, determining the planning method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient includes: If the rebound influence coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset rebound influence coefficient or the homogeneous tolerance coefficient is less than the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient, the planning method is to spray the associated area according to the area correlation degree; If the rebound influence coefficient is less than the preset rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient, the planning method is to perform spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient.

[0036] Among them, the rebound influence coefficient = supply air pressure × powder particle size. The supply air pressure is the set compressed air pressure in the air path from the powder supply device to the spray gun. The powder particle size is measured by the sieving method, and the specific details are not elaborated here; The homogeneous tolerance coefficient = 1 / standard deviation of the roughness corresponding to each sub-surface area. The sub-areas that overlap with the surface of the target aviation component are recorded as overlapping sub-areas, and the surfaces corresponding to each overlapping sub-area on the surface of the target aviation component are recorded as sub-surface areas; The roughness corresponding to a single sub-surface area is measured by a stylus profilometer for the roughness of this sub-surface area in the target aviation component. This is easy for those skilled in the art to understand, and the specific details are not elaborated here; For the values of the preset rebound influence coefficient and the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient, the user can determine them according to the actual application scenario. The greater the user's demand for improving the powder spraying accuracy, the smaller the value of the preset rebound influence coefficient and the larger the value of the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient. Provide a set of values for the preset rebound influence coefficient and the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient, detect the historical records of the user's spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient, and record the average value of the rebound influence coefficients corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset rebound influence coefficient, and record the average value of the homogeneous tolerance coefficients corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient; Spraying the associated area according to the area correlation degree includes: determining the associated combination according to the area correlation degree, determining the number of combination lines of the associated combination according to the combination evaluation threshold, and determining the priority coefficient corresponding to each associated combination according to the combination influence coefficient; Determine the associated combination according to the regional correlation degree, where the regional correlation degree between any two sub-surface regions in a single associated combination is greater than or equal to the preset regional correlation degree, and there is a neighboring sub-region for any sub-surface region in a single associated combination, and the regional correlation degree between any edge sub-region corresponding to a single associated combination and any sub-surface region in this associated combination is less than the preset regional correlation degree. For a single sub-surface region, denote this sub-surface region as the target sub-surface region. The neighboring sub-region corresponding to the target sub-surface region is the sub-surface region that is adjacent to the target sub-surface region and is in the same associated combination as the target sub-surface region. The edge sub-region corresponding to a single associated combination is the sub-surface region that is adjacent to any sub-surface region in this associated combination and is not in this associated combination. For any two sub-surface regions, the regional correlation degree = the absolute value of the difference between the regional coefficients corresponding to the two sub-surface regions / the larger value of the regional coefficients corresponding to the two sub-surface regions. The regional coefficient corresponding to a single sub-surface region = the roughness corresponding to this sub-surface region × the area of this sub-surface region. The value of the preset regional correlation degree can be determined by the user according to the actual application scenario. The greater the user's demand for improving the powder spraying accuracy, the greater the value of the preset regional correlation degree. Provide a value of the preset regional correlation degree, and the preset regional correlation degree is 70%. The number of combined lines corresponding to a single associated combination has a positive correlation with the combined evaluation threshold corresponding to this associated combination. The confirmation method of the combined line is as follows: For a single associated combination, denote the region corresponding to this associated combination as the target region, and denote each point on the edge of the target region as the region edge point. Connect two region edge points to form several straight lines, and denote the longest straight line as the region feature line. Divide the region feature line into m equal parts. For each equal division point, draw a straight line perpendicular to the region feature line and denote it as the reference perpendicular line. Denote the line segment that passes through the equal division point, is perpendicular to the region feature line, and has the point on the reference perpendicular line as the endpoint as the combined line, and the number of combined lines is m. The priority coefficient corresponding to a single associated combination has a positive correlation with the combined influence coefficient corresponding to this associated combination. The greater the priority coefficient of a single associated combination, the more prior the spraying order of each combined line in this associated combination. There is no restriction on the spraying order of each combined line in a single associated combination, and the user can determine it by himself. The combined influence coefficient corresponding to a single associated combination = regional complexity + regional rebound coefficient. The method for confirming the regional complexity is as follows: for a single associated combination, the region corresponding to this associated combination is denoted as the target region, and the standard deviation of the distance reference values corresponding to the equal division points on the regional feature line corresponding to the target region is denoted as the regional complexity corresponding to the target region. The distance reference value corresponding to a single equal division point is the shortest distance from this equal division point to the target aviation component; The regional rebound coefficient corresponding to the target region = the inclination coefficient corresponding to the target region / (the average value of the roughness of the sub - surface regions corresponding to the target region): The inclination coefficient corresponding to the target region is the average value of the sub - inclination coefficients corresponding to the combined lines in the target region. The method for confirming the sub - inclination coefficient is as follows: for a single combined line, the plane passing through this combined line and perpendicular to the regional feature line is denoted as the reference plane, the line connecting the equal division point corresponding to this combined line and a single endpoint of the regional feature line is denoted as the reference line, and the average value of the angle reference values corresponding to the two endpoints is denoted as the sub - inclination coefficient. The angle reference value corresponding to a single endpoint is the angle between the reference line corresponding to this endpoint and the reference plane at the intersection point; The method for confirming the combined evaluation threshold is as follows: for a single associated combination, this associated combination is denoted as the target associated combination, and the combined evaluation threshold corresponding to the target associated combination = the number of sub - surface regions included in the target associated combination × the area of the sub - surface region corresponding to the target associated combination; Perform a spiral regional scan according to the regional difficulty coefficient, including: determining the number of sub - intervals according to the characteristic reference value, and determining the number of spiral turns corresponding to each sub - interval according to the regional difficulty coefficient; The number of sub - intervals has a positive correlation with the characteristic reference value, and the number of spiral turns corresponding to a single sub - interval has a positive correlation with the regional difficulty coefficient corresponding to this sub - interval; Denote each point on the surface of the target aviation component as a surface point, connect two surface points to form several straight lines, denote the longest one of these straight lines as the reference line, divide the reference line into k equal parts, denote the two endpoints and each equal division point of the reference line as division points, and denote the plane passing through a single division point and perpendicular to the reference line as the division plane. Each division point corresponds to a division plane, and the division plane can divide the target aviation component into (k + 1) sub - intervals. k + 1 has a positive correlation with the characteristic reference value, and the characteristic reference value = the rebound influence coefficient / the homogeneous tolerance coefficient; The number of spiral turns corresponding to a single sub - interval is the number of spiral turns in this sub - region; Start from one end of the reference line, which is denoted as the starting end, and advance along the direction of the reference line to the other end of the reference line. The direction of the reference line is from the starting end of the reference line to the other end of the reference line; within each sub-interval, the spiral path starts from any point where the first dividing surface in the direction of the reference line coincides with the surface of the target aviation component and rotates around the reference line. The pitch of each spiral turn corresponding to each spiral turn in a single sub-interval is equal. The pitch is the distance that the spiral moves along the direction of the reference line for each turn. A single spiral turn is the trajectory of the spiral path rotating 360° around the reference line.

[0037] Specifically, determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient, including: If the adjacent spraying coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the compensation method is to determine the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient; If the adjacent spraying coefficient is less than the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the compensation method is to reduce and adjust the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient.

[0038] Among them, detect each sub-surface area passed by the spraying trajectory during the first spraying, and denote it as the first area, and denote the other sub-surface areas outside the first area as the second area. The adjacent spraying coefficient = |the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to each first area when the first spraying is completed - the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to each second area when the first spraying is completed|. The area image is obtained by a high-speed camera; For the value of the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the user can determine it according to the actual application scenario. The larger the value of the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the greater the need for the user to reduce and adjust the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient. Provide a value of the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, detect the historical record of the user reducing and adjusting the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient, and denote the average value of the adjacent spraying coefficients corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset adjacent spraying coefficient; When determining the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient, it can be understood that the spraying trajectory of the nozzle during the first spraying includes several lines, which are denoted as trajectory lines. For a single trajectory line, the path offset and the spraying comparison coefficient corresponding to this trajectory line are in a positive correlation; The path offset is the shortest distance between a reference line that has the same shape and length as the trajectory line and maintains a constant distance between them. It can be understood that there are two reference lines corresponding to a single trajectory line. The reference line with a smaller adjacent influence value is used as the spraying trajectory during the re-spraying; the adjacent influence value corresponding to a single reference line = |the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to each sub-surface area passed by this reference line after the first spraying is completed - the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to each sub-surface area passed by this reference line when not sprayed|; For a single trajectory line, the sub-surface area passed by the trajectory line is denoted as the penetration area, the sub-surface area adjacent to the penetration area is denoted as the adjacent non-penetration area, and the standard deviation of the pixel misalignment values corresponding to each adjacent non-penetration area is denoted as the spraying comparison coefficient. Adjust the spraying distance to decrease according to the adjacent spraying coefficient. The decrease value of the spraying distance is positively correlated with the adjacent spraying coefficient. It should be noted that if the single spraying method is planned spraying, during intermittent powder spraying, spraying is carried out according to the compensation method during each spraying after the first spraying is completed. The spraying distance is the shortest distance from the nozzle to the target aviation component.

[0039] Specifically, determine the drying method according to the coating pre-damage coefficient and the coating complexity, including: If the coating pre-damage coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset coating pre-damage coefficient or the coating complexity is greater than or equal to the preset coating complexity, the drying method is dynamic drying according to the coating abnormality coefficient. If the coating pre-damage coefficient is less than the preset coating pre-damage coefficient and the coating complexity is less than the preset coating complexity, the drying method is constant drying according to the coating characteristic value.

[0040] Among them, the coating pre-damage coefficient = gloss abnormality + chromaticity abnormality. The gloss abnormality is the standard deviation of the glossiness corresponding to each sub-surface area after powder spraying, and the chromaticity abnormality is the standard deviation of the chromaticity value corresponding to each sub-surface area after powder spraying. The glossiness corresponding to the sub-surface area is measured by a gloss meter, and the chromaticity value corresponding to the sub-surface area is measured by a chromaticity meter or a spectrophotometer. This is easy for those skilled in the art to understand and will not be elaborated here. Denote the average value of the drying misalignment coefficients corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs and have the same component characteristic values as the target aviation component as the coating complexity. The confirmation method of the drying misalignment coefficient is as follows: For a single historical record, denote the historical record as the target record, and denote the standard deviation of the drying characteristic values corresponding to each sub-surface area in the target record as the drying misalignment coefficient corresponding to the target record; the drying characteristic value corresponding to a single sub-surface area is the time duration from the moment when the aviation component starts drying to the moment when the sub-surface area reaches the stable state. The moment when the sub-surface area reaches the stable state is the earliest time point when the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to the sub-surface area no longer change. For the values of the preset coating pre-damage coefficient and the preset coating complexity, the user can determine them according to the actual application scenario. The smaller the values of the preset coating pre-damage coefficient and the preset coating complexity are, the greater the user's demand for dynamic drying based on the coating anomaly coefficient. Provide a set of values for the preset coating pre-damage coefficient and the preset coating complexity, detect the historical records of the user's dynamic drying based on the coating anomaly coefficient, and record the average value of the coating pre-damage coefficients corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset coating pre-damage coefficient, and record the average value of the coating complexities corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's needs as the preset coating complexity; Dynamic drying based on the coating anomaly coefficient includes: taking the interval points where the coating anomaly coefficient is greater than the preset coating anomaly coefficient as adjustment points, and there is a negative correlation between the drying temperature corresponding to a single adjustment point and the coating anomaly coefficient corresponding to this adjustment point; Taking the moment when the target aviation component starts drying as the starting point, set an interval point every 5 s in chronological order, and record the starting point and each interval point as time points; For a single interval point, record this interval point as the target interval point. The coating anomaly coefficient corresponding to the target interval point is the average value of the regional anomaly coefficients corresponding to each sub-surface area at the target interval point. For a single sub-surface area, record this sub-surface area as the target sub-surface area. The regional anomaly coefficient corresponding to the target sub-surface area = |the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the regional image of the target sub-surface area at the target interval point - the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the regional image of the target sub-surface area at the time point adjacent to and before the target interval point| / the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the regional image of the target sub-surface area at the time point adjacent to and before the target interval point.

[0041] Steady-state drying based on the coating characteristic value includes: determining the drying temperature according to the coating characteristic value, and there is a positive correlation between the drying temperature and the coating characteristic value; The coating characteristic value = the coating pre-damage coefficient × the coating complexity.

[0042] Specifically, if the coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is greater than or equal to the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the optimization method is to increase the adjustment for the circulating wind speed; The increased value of the circulating wind speed is positively correlated with the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0043] Among them, the coating states include the first coating state, the second coating state, and the third coating state. The first coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is greater than or equal to the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree. The second coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is less than the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree. The third coating state is that the defect reference value is less than the preset defect reference value. It should be noted that when the coating state is the third coating state, no optimization is required. The defect reference value is the maximum value among the sub-defect reference values corresponding to each sub-surface area in the target aviation component. For a single sub-surface area, this single sub-surface area is denoted as the target sub-surface area. The sub-defect reference value corresponding to the target sub-surface area = |the drying evaluation index corresponding to the target sub-surface area - the average value of the drying evaluation indexes corresponding to each sub-surface area in the historical records that can meet the user's requirements|. The drying evaluation index corresponding to a single sub-surface area = the standard deviation of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to the sub-surface area when drying stops / the average value of the pixel values corresponding to each pixel point in the area image corresponding to the sub-surface area when drying stops. The confirmation method of the thermal disturbance correlation degree is as follows: Denote the sub-surface areas with sub-defect reference values greater than or equal to the preset sub-defect reference value as type-I areas, and denote the sub-surface areas with sub-defect reference values less than the preset sub-defect reference value as type-II areas. The thermal disturbance correlation degree = |the average value of the disturbance reference values corresponding to each type-I area - the average value of the disturbance reference values corresponding to each type-II area|. The disturbance reference value corresponding to a single sub-surface area = the shortest distance from the sub-surface area to the heat source box / the circulating wind speed, and the circulating wind speed is the wind speed of the circulating fan. Regarding the value of the preset sub-defect reference value, the user can determine it according to the actual application scenario. The larger the value of the preset sub-defect reference value, the greater the user's need to determine the sub-surface area as a type-II area. Provide a value for the preset sub-defect reference value, and denote the average value of the sub-defect reference values corresponding to each type-II area in the historical records that can meet the user's requirements as the preset sub-defect reference value. Regarding the values of the preset defect reference value and the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the user can determine them according to the actual application scenario. The smaller the values of the preset defect reference value and the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the greater the user's need to adjust the heat source disturbance coefficient downward. Detect the historical records of the user's adjustment of the heat source disturbance coefficient downward, and denote the average value of the defect reference values corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's requirements as the preset defect reference value, and denote the average value of the thermal disturbance correlation degrees corresponding to the historical records that can meet the user's requirements as the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree. The comprehensive evaluation value = the defect reference value + the thermal disturbance correlation degree.

[0044] Specifically, if the coating state is such that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation is less than the preset thermal disturbance correlation, the optimization method is to increase the powder flow index; The increased value of the powder flow index is positively correlated with the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0045] Among them, the powder flow index = the powder temperature reference value / the powder particle size. The powder temperature reference value is the temperature of the powder. When adjusting the powder flow index to increase, the powder temperature reference value can be increased or the powder particle size can be decreased. The specific adjustment index is not limited as long as it can meet the user's needs.

[0046] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder spraying process for machining aviation parts, characterized in that, Including: Determine the powder spraying state according to the powder influence index and the surface complexity of the component, and determine the spraying method according to the powder spraying state. The spraying method is intermittent powder spraying or direct powder spraying; Determine the single spraying method according to the component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient. The single spraying method is scanning spraying or programmed spraying; In scanning spraying, determine the number of scanning lines according to the spraying influence coefficient; In programmed spraying, determine the programming method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient, and determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient under the condition of completing one spraying; The programming method is to spray the associated area according to the area correlation degree or to perform spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient. The compensation method is to determine the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient or to adjust the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient; Determine the drying method according to the pre-damage coefficient of the coating and the coating complexity. The drying method is dynamic drying according to the coating abnormality coefficient or constant drying according to the coating characteristic value; Under the condition of completing drying, determine the coating state according to the defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree, and determine the optimization method as adjusting the cyclic wind speed or the powder flow index according to the coating state.

2. The powder spraying process for machining aviation components according to claim 1, wherein, If the powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is greater than or equal to the preset powder influence index or the surface complexity of the component is greater than or equal to the preset surface complexity of the component, the spraying method is intermittent powder spraying.

3. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 2, wherein If the powder spraying state is that the powder influence index is less than the preset powder influence index and the surface complexity of the component is less than the preset surface complexity of the component, the spraying method is direct powder spraying.

4. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the component characteristic value is less than the preset component characteristic value and the scanning allowance coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the single spraying method is scanning spraying; In scanning spraying, spray the characteristic plane corresponding to the target aviation component, and determine the number of scanning lines according to the spraying influence coefficient; The number of scanning lines corresponding to a single characteristic plane has a positive correlation with the spraying influence coefficient corresponding to this characteristic plane.

5. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the component characteristic value is greater than or equal to the preset component characteristic value or the scanning allowance coefficient is less than the preset scanning allowance coefficient, the single spraying method is programmed spraying; In programmed spraying, determine the programming method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient, and determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient under the condition of completing one spraying.

6. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determine the programming method according to the rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient, including: If the rebound influence coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset rebound influence coefficient or the homogeneous tolerance coefficient is less than the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient, the programming method is to spray the associated area according to the area correlation degree; If the rebound influence coefficient is less than the preset rebound influence coefficient and the homogeneous tolerance coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset homogeneous tolerance coefficient, the programming method is to perform spiral area scanning according to the area difficulty coefficient.

7. The powder spraying process for machining aviation components according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determine the compensation method according to the adjacent spraying coefficient, including: If the adjacent spraying coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the compensation method is to determine the path offset according to the spraying comparison coefficient; If the adjacent spraying coefficient is less than the preset adjacent spraying coefficient, the compensation method is to reduce the spraying distance according to the adjacent spraying coefficient.

8. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, Determine the drying method according to the pre-damage coefficient of the coating and the coating complexity, including: If the coating pre-damage coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset coating pre-damage coefficient or the coating complexity is greater than or equal to the preset coating complexity, the drying method is dynamic drying according to the coating abnormality coefficient; If the coating pre-damage coefficient is less than the preset coating pre-damage coefficient and the coating complexity is less than the preset coating complexity, the drying method is constant drying according to the coating characteristic value.

9. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is greater than or equal to the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the optimization method is to increase the adjustment for the circulating air velocity; The increased value of the circulating air velocity has a positive correlation with the comprehensive evaluation value.

10. The powder spraying process for machining aviation parts according to claim 9, characterized in that, If the coating state is that the defect reference value is greater than or equal to the preset defect reference value and the thermal disturbance correlation degree is less than the preset thermal disturbance correlation degree, the optimization method is to increase the adjustment for the powder flow index; The increased value of the powder flow index has a positive correlation with the comprehensive evaluation value.

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