Vertical self-adaptive friction stir welding device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction welding, in particular to a vertical self-adaptive friction stir welding device and method.The vertical self-adaptive friction stir welding device comprises a first stand column and a second stand column which are oppositely arranged, a clamping assembly is arranged on the first stand column, and an abutting assembly and a friction stir welding machine are arranged on the second stand column; the flow dividing box is connected with the friction stir welding machine, and the interior of the flow dividing box is divided into two independent cavities by a partition plate arranged in a right-angle mode; the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate are arranged in the flow dividing box and are in sealed sliding connection with the partition plate, a locking groove is formed in the first blocking plate, the locking groove is matched with a locking part arranged on the second blocking plate, and the second blocking plate can be unlocked after the first blocking plate acts; and the traction mechanism is arranged on the friction stir welding machine, the traction mechanism comprises an abutting contact triggering assembly and a centrifugal traction assembly, the abutting contact triggering assembly is connected with the second plugging plate, the centrifugal traction assembly is connected with the first plugging plate, and the welding effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, and specifically to a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding is an advanced solid-phase connection technology, mainly applied to the welding of metal materials, especially refractory welding materials such as aluminum alloys.

[0003] During the welding process, cooling control is crucial. Taking an aluminum alloy plate with a thickness exceeding 50 mm as an example, if there is a lack of cooling measures during welding, the excessively high temperature in the welding area will cause a significant decrease in the yield strength and tensile strength of the material. At this time, by removing part of the heat through the cooling system, the temperature of the weld and the heat-affected zone can be effectively controlled to ensure the welding quality. For aluminum alloy plates with a thickness less than 50 mm, natural air cooling is usually used for cooling. If additional cooling is increased, it may instead cause excessive heat dissipation, resulting in a sudden drop in the local temperature of the welding area, reducing the plastic deformation ability of the material, making the material unable to fully fill the weld area, and thus forming holes, which affects the welding quality.

[0004] The existing cooling control methods mainly include sensor control and mechanical control. Due to the vibration during the friction stir welding process, which may cause measurement errors in the sensor, mechanical control is currently the mainstream choice.

[0005] Mechanical control is mainly achieved by coordinating the measurement of the workpiece thickness and the rotation speed of the stirring head. However, there is no mechanical correlation between the two, and the workpiece thickness is inversely proportional to the rotation speed of the stirring head. This means that when welding thinner workpieces, the rotation speed of the stirring head is often higher, and at this time, the cooling degree given to the welding area is greater, which easily leads to the formation of holes and affects the welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A vertical adaptive friction stir welding device, comprising: A first column and a second column arranged oppositely, a clamping assembly is provided on the first column, and an abutting assembly and a friction stir welding machine are provided on the second column; A flow dividing box, connected to the friction stir welding machine, and the interior of the flow dividing box is divided into two independent chambers by a partition plate arranged at a right angle; A first blocking plate and a second blocking plate are arranged in the diversion box and are sealingly and slidably connected to the partition plate. A locking groove is arranged on the first blocking plate, and the locking groove cooperates with a locking portion arranged on the second blocking plate, so that the second blocking plate can be unlocked after the first blocking plate is actuated; The traction mechanism is arranged on the friction stir welding machine, and the traction mechanism includes an abutting contact component and a centrifugal pulling component. The abutting contact component is connected to the second sealing plate, and the centrifugal pulling component is connected to the first sealing plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a group of conducting holes are respectively arranged on two side edges of the partition plate, and the trapezoidal grooves arranged on the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate are adapted to the conducting holes; When the first blocking plate or the second blocking plate is pulled to move, the overlapping area between the trapezoidal groove and the conducting hole can be changed.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the abutting and triggering assembly comprises a guide member fixedly mounted on the friction stir welding machine, a transverse frame is slidably mounted on the guide member, the transverse frame and the guide member are connected via a first columnar spring, and a ball is arranged at one end of the transverse frame facing the first column; The contact triggering assembly also includes a second connecting rod fixedly connected to the second blocking plate and slidably arranged to penetrate the diverter box, and one end of the second connecting rod away from the second blocking plate is connected to the transverse frame via a hinged rod.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the centrifugal pulling assembly includes a driven shaft rotatably mounted on the friction stir welding machine, and the driven shaft is connected to the friction stir welding machine via a connecting belt; The driven shaft is provided with a plurality of groups of rotating members at equal intervals on the circumference, one end of the rotating member away from the driven shaft extends in a direction away from the first blocking plate, and the rotating member is provided with a steel sliding block capable of sliding along its length; The centrifugal pulling assembly also includes an energy storage structure connecting the steel slider and the first blocking plate.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the energy storage structure comprises a sliding member slidably mounted on the driven shaft, a pulling rod is rotatably mounted on the sliding member, and one end of the pulling rod away from the sliding member is rotatably connected to the steel slider; The sliding member is formed with an annular groove coaxially arranged with the driven shaft, and a first connecting rod connected with the first blocking plate is rotatably sleeved in the annular groove; The energy storage structure further includes a second cylindrical spring sleeved on the driven shaft. One end of the second cylindrical spring is connected to the rotating member, and the other end is connected to the sliding member.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The clamping assembly includes a guiding rod provided on the first column. A connecting plate is slidably mounted on the guiding rod. A first driving unit is provided on the connecting plate. The operating end of the first driving unit is fixedly connected to a rack plate slidable on the connecting plate. The clamping assembly further includes a deflecting arm rotatably mounted on the connecting plate. An abutting portion is provided on the deflecting arm. A first abutting member is provided on the abutting portion. A gear is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the deflecting arm. The gear meshes with the rack plate.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The abutting assembly includes a plurality of groups of second driving units symmetrically arranged along the height direction of the second column. A second abutting member is provided on the operating end of the second driving unit.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: The second column is provided on the base, and a sliding plate is provided at the bottom of the second column. A follower is slidably mounted in the second column and can move along its height direction. The follower is connected to a balance cylinder provided on the second column. A transverse movement driving member is further provided on the follower. A telescopic driving member is mounted on the transverse movement driving member. One end of the telescopic driving member away from the transverse movement driving member is connected to the friction stir welding machine.

[0015] A method for welding a workpiece using the vertical adaptive friction stir welding device described above includes the following steps: Step 1: The sliding plate drives the second column to move away from the first column to leave an operating space for the operator. Step 2: The workpiece is hoisted in place by hoisting. The clamping assembly is used to clamp the workpiece, and then the position of the workpiece is adjusted by the bottom support device. Step 3: The top tensioning device pulls the second column towards the first column to make the abutting assembly abut against the workpiece. Step 4: Adjust the position of the friction stir welding machine, and then start the friction stir welding machine. Step 5: The traction structure follows the movement of the friction stir welding machine and controls the actions of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate to adjust the supply amount of the coolant supplied to the welded workpiece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The first sealing plate and the second sealing plate can choose whether to start water cooling for auxiliary heat dissipation according to the thickness of the workpiece, avoiding excessive heat dissipation caused by incorrect selection of water cooling auxiliary heat dissipation time, resulting in a sudden drop in the local temperature of the welding area, a decrease in the plastic deformation ability of the material, and possible inability to fully fill the weld area, thus forming holes, or too little heat dissipation, resulting in too high a temperature in the welding area, causing a significant decrease in the yield strength and tensile strength of the material; Through the arranged contact triggering component and centrifugal pulling component, precise control of the water volume is achieved. While avoiding waste of water source, the cooling effect during water cooling participation is improved to a certain extent, making the actual cooling degree more consistent with the theoretical cooling degree. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0018] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at A in

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping component in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of another angle in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a butting component in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir welding machine and a traction mechanism in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir welding machine and a follower in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a centrifugal pulling component in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection relationship between the first sealing plate and the sliding part in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a contact triggering component in an embodiment of a vertical adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0027] Figure 11Schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate in an embodiment of a vertical self - adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flow - dividing box in an embodiment of a vertical self - adaptive friction stir welding device.

[0029] In the figure: 1. First column; 2. Second column; 3. Slide plate; 4. Base; 5. Guide rod; 6. Link plate; 7. First driving unit; 8. Rack plate; 9. Gear; 10. Deflection arm; 11. Contact part; 12. First contact piece; 13. Second driving unit; 14. Second contact piece; 15. Follow - up piece; 16. Balance cylinder; 17. Transverse movement driving piece; 18. Telescopic driving piece; 19. Driving device; 20. Rotary driving piece; 21. Stirring head; 22. Connecting belt; 23. Driven shaft; 24. Rotating piece; 25. Steel slider; 26. Pull rod; 27. Sliding piece; 2701. Annular groove; 28. First connecting rod; 29. First sealing plate; 2901. Locking groove; 30. Trapezoidal groove; 31. Flow - dividing box; 32. Partition plate; 33. Guide through - hole; 34. Guide piece; 35. Horizontal frame; 36. First cylindrical spring; 37. Hinge rod; 38. Second connecting rod; 39. Second sealing plate; 3901. Locking part; 40. Ball; 41. Nozzle; 42. Second cylindrical spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In addition, an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, which can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical self - adaptive friction stir welding device includes: a first column 1, a second column 2, a flow - dividing box 31, a first sealing plate 29, a second sealing plate 39 and a traction mechanism.

[0033] The first column 1 and the second column 2 are arranged opposite to each other, the first column 1 is provided with a clamping assembly, and the second column 2 is provided with an abutting assembly and a friction stir welding machine; The clamping assembly comprises a guide rod 5 mounted on the first column 1, a connecting plate 6 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 5, a first driving unit 7 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 6, and an actuating end of the first driving unit 7 is fixedly connected to a rack plate 8 sliding on the connecting plate 6; The clamping assembly also includes a deflection arm 10 rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 6 , the deflection arm 10 is connected to an abutment portion 11 , the abutment portion 11 is provided with a first abutment member 12 , and a gear 9 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft of the deflection arm 10 , and the gear 9 is meshed with the rack plate 8 .

[0034] In actual operation, if the workpiece is to be pre-positioned, the first driving unit 7 is first controlled to move so that it drives the rack plate 8 to move away from itself. By virtue of the meshing linkage mechanism between the rack plate 8 and the gear 9, this action will drive the deflection arm 10 to rotate in the opposite direction around the axis of the first column 1, thereby making the abutment portion 11 steadily move away from the first column 1, thereby freeing up sufficient space for the subsequent lifting and positioning of the workpiece; after the workpiece to be welded is safely lifted and accurately moved between the first column 1 and the abutment portion 11, the first driving unit 7 is controlled to move in the opposite direction, causing the rack plate 8 to retreat, and by virtue of the re-engagement transmission of the gear 9, the abutment portion 11 is rotated and the workpiece is firmly clamped between the abutment portion 11 and the first column 1, so that the pre-positioning of the workpiece is successfully achieved, so that when the subsequent abutment assembly is put into operation, the workpiece can greatly improve its own stability on the basis of the stability of the pre-positioning, thereby providing a solid guarantee for the subsequent welding process.

[0035] Furthermore, looking into the structural details of the device, the first abutment 12 is designed in a semi-cylindrical shape, which is adapted to the groove on the abutment portion 11. The shape of the groove is designed to be smaller than the semi-cylindrical shape, and a coaxial sliding connection relationship is formed between the two to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the action; in order to prevent the first abutment 12 from sliding in the length direction on the abutment portion 11 unnecessarily, a guiding structure is also provided between the two (the guiding structure is not shown in the figure). Specifically, Among them, the connecting plate 6 can be fixed on the first column 1 by bolts to prevent the connecting plate 6 from changing in height on the first column 1, thereby improving its own stability. At the same time, the relative position of the connecting plate 6 can be adjusted according to the lengths of different workpieces to be welded, thereby achieving clamping and positioning of workpieces of different lengths.

[0036] The abutment assembly includes a plurality of second drive units 13 symmetrically fixedly installed along the height direction of the second column 2 , and a second abutment member 14 is connected to the action end of the second drive unit 13 .

[0037] After the workpiece is clamped, the second column 2 can be driven to move towards the first column 1 (detailed later). After the second column 2 moves to a predetermined position, the second driving unit 13 operates and drives the second abutting member 14 to move towards the workpiece. The included angle formed between the corresponding two sets of second driving units 13 is an acute angle. When the second abutting member 14 acts on the workpiece, the second abutting member 14 can generate a force F1 acting on the workpiece towards the first column 1 and a force F2 acting along the width direction of the workpiece and causing the two workpieces to be welded to move closer to each other. Among them, F1 can increase the abutting force between the workpiece and the first column 1, ensuring the stability of the workpiece during the welding process to improve the welding effect, and F2 can make the two workpieces to be welded in a tightly abutted state, so that during friction stir welding, the edge positions of the two workpieces can be fully melted and combined together, avoiding welding failure or insecure welding due to excessive gap between the two.

[0038] Similarly, when the above-mentioned second abutting member 14 is connected to the operation of the second driving unit 13 by the same guiding structure, when the second abutting member 14 acts on the workpiece, it can also adaptively adjust its own state to ensure a good fit with the workpiece, further ensuring the stability of the workpiece in the welding state.

[0039] Among them, the above-mentioned first driving unit 7 and second driving unit 13 are hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders or electric telescopic rods. The three are applications of existing technologies and will not be elaborated here. They can be preferentially assembled according to actual situations.

[0040] Furthermore, in practical applications, in the past, either the first column 1 and the second column 2 of the friction stir welding machine could not move, which led to difficulties in loading and unloading; or the first column 1 could move while the second column 2 could not move. Although this could create an operating space for convenient loading and unloading, it also brought other problems, that is, it was not convenient to clamp the workpiece. In this application, the clamping assembly is installed on the first column 1 and the first column 1 does not move, so there is a reference during clamping, which is convenient to use. If the first column 1 can move, the clamping reference will be lost.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 6 to 7, the second column 2 is arranged on the base 4, and a slide plate 3 is arranged at the bottom of the second column 2. Specifically, a roller set is installed inside the slide plate 3, and the roller set is driven by a built-in driving device, so as to drive the slide plate 3 to drive the second column 2 to move towards or away from the first column 1 to change the distance between the second column 2 and the first column 1. Thus, on the one hand, when lifting and clamping a workpiece onto the first column 1, a larger space can be obtained by adjusting and increasing the distance between the first column 1 and the second column 2, which is convenient for operation. On the other hand, after the workpiece is clamped, by adjusting and reducing the distance between the first column 1 and the second column 2, the friction stir welding device can quickly move towards the workpiece, shortening the preparation time before welding.

[0042] A follower 15 capable of moving along the height direction thereof is slidably installed inside the second column 2, and the follower 15 is connected to a balance cylinder 16 arranged on the second column 2. Specifically, a traction rope is connected to the action end of the balance cylinder 16, and the traction rope is connected to the follower 15. By controlling the action of the balance cylinder 16, the height of the follower 15 can be adjusted, so as to realize continuous welding of the workpiece along its length direction according to actual control.

[0043] A transverse movement driving member 17 is further arranged on the follower 15, a telescopic driving member 18 is installed on the transverse movement driving member 17, and one end of the telescopic driving member 18 far away from the transverse movement driving member 17 is connected to the friction stir welding machine; The friction stir welding machine includes the driving device 19, a stirring head 21 is connected to the driving device 19, and the stirring head 21 is connected to a rotation driving member 20 arranged on the driving device 19.

[0044] In this embodiment, the transverse movement driving member 17 can make the telescopic driving member 18 and the friction stir welding machine move along the width direction of the workpiece, so that during welding, the transverse position of the friction stir welding machine can be finely adjusted to improve the welding precision; and the telescopic driving member 18 can drive the friction stir welding machine to move towards or away from the workpiece to realize the adjustment of the welding depth of the friction stir welding machine. At the same time, by controlling the action of the rotation driving member 20, the inclination angle of the stirring head 21 can also be changed, so as to be adjusted according to actual production needs, further improving the welding effect.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 12 , the flow dividing box 31 is connected to the friction stir welding machine, and the flow dividing box 31 is connected to a nozzle 41 through a conduit; The interior of the flow dividing box 31 is divided into two independent chambers by a partition plate 32 arranged at a right angle. A set of guide through holes 33 are arranged on each of the two side edges of the partition plate 32. The trapezoidal grooves 30 on the first sealing plate 29 and the second sealing plate 39 are adapted to the guide through holes 33. When the first sealing plate 29 or the second sealing plate 39 is pulled to move, the overlapping area of the trapezoidal groove 30 and the guide through hole 33 can be changed, wherein the length of the guide through hole 33 is greater than the length of the longer bottom side of the trapezoidal groove 30.

[0046] During use, two sets of interfaces are arranged on the outer shell of the flow dividing box 31. One set of interfaces can be connected to an external water supply device, and the other set of interfaces is connected to the nozzle 41 through a conduit. During use, the trapezoidal groove 30 on the first sealing plate 29 and the corresponding guide through hole 33 are in a misaligned state, and the trapezoidal groove 30 on the second sealing plate 39 and the corresponding guide through hole 33 are in a misaligned state. In this state, the two sets of guide through holes 33 on the partition plate 32 are both in a blocked state, and the water flow can be switched, so that no water flow will be generated at the nozzle 41 in the non-welding state, resulting in waste of water source.

[0047] When the traction mechanism is triggered and actuated, the first sealing plate 29 and the second sealing plate 39 can be actuated, and the two sets of guide through holes 33 can be conducted, and the conduction area can be adjusted adaptively, thereby realizing the precise control of the water source pumping, improving the cooling effect on the workpiece after welding, and avoiding the excessive temperature in the welding area caused by insufficient water pumping volume, which may cause a significant decrease in the yield strength and tensile strength of the material, or excessive water pumping volume, resulting in a sudden drop in the local temperature of the welding area, causing a decrease in the plastic deformation ability of the material, and possibly unable to fully fill the weld area, thus forming holes, reducing the mechanical properties of the welded joint, and affecting the strength and tightness of the weld.

[0048] The first sealing plate 29 and the second sealing plate 39 are arranged in the flow dividing box 31 and are hermetically and slidably connected to the partition plate 32. A locking groove 2901 is arranged on the first sealing plate 29, and the locking groove 2901 cooperates with the locking portion 3901 arranged on the second sealing plate 39, and can unlock the second sealing plate 39 after the first sealing plate 29 moves.

[0049] During welding, according to the thickness of the workpiece, when the workpiece is relatively thin, the cooling after welding only requires external air cooling to meet the cooling purpose, and the contact triggering component in the traction mechanism will not act. In this state, the second sealing plate 39 is in a static state, and with the cooperation of the locking part 3901 and the locking groove 2901, the first sealing plate 29 is in a locked state. At this time, although the centrifugal traction component acts, it cannot drive the first sealing plate 29 to move, thereby preventing the centrifugal traction component from pulling the first sealing plate 29 during operation, causing water to enter the nozzle 41 through one of the through holes 33 and generating a cooling effect, resulting in a cooling capacity greater than the actual requirement and causing a decline in welding quality.

[0050] When the workpiece is relatively thick, water cooling is required to assist the cooling after welding. At this time, when the stirring head 21 moves towards the workpiece, it can trigger the movement of the second sealing plate 39, causing the locking part 3901 to separate from the locking groove 2901. At this time, the centrifugal traction component can pull the first sealing plate 29 to move, and the first sealing plate 29 and the second sealing plate 39 respectively control the conduction amount of the corresponding through holes 33 to achieve precise water delivery and ensure the cooling effect.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the traction mechanism is arranged on the friction stir welding machine. The traction mechanism includes a contact triggering component and a centrifugal traction component. The contact triggering component is connected to the second sealing plate 39, and the centrifugal traction component is connected to the first sealing plate 29; The contact triggering component includes a guiding member 34 fixedly installed on the friction stir welding machine. A horizontal frame 35 is slidably installed on the guiding member 34. The horizontal frame 35 is connected to the guiding member 34 through a first cylindrical spring 36, and a ball 40 is arranged at one end of the horizontal frame 35 facing the first column 1; The contact triggering component further includes a second connecting rod 38 fixedly connected to the second sealing plate 39 and slidably arranged through the flow distribution box 31. One end of the second connecting rod 38 away from the second sealing plate 39 is connected to the horizontal frame 35 through a hinge rod 37.

[0052] In the initial state, the first cylindrical spring 36 is in a stretched state. At this time, the horizontal frame 35 is in a state of abutting against the guide member 34. Meanwhile, there is a certain distance difference between the ball 40 and the end of the stirring head 21. This distance difference can be understood as the critical point requiring water-cooling assisted cooling. That is, when the stirring head 21 enters the workpiece but the workpiece does not abut against the ball 40, it indicates that the thickness of the workpiece is relatively thin and can be cooled by air-cooling on its own. When the stirring head 21 enters the workpiece and the workpiece abuts against the ball 40 and drives the horizontal frame 35 to move, the second sealing plate 39 can move downward and trigger the conduction of the guide through-hole 33 adapted to the second sealing plate 39, thereby realizing the pumping of water volume. At the same time, the locking portion 3901 can be separated from the locking groove 2901 to unlock the first sealing plate 29.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 8 to 9 、 Figure 11 The centrifugal traction assembly includes a driven shaft 23 rotatably installed on the friction stir welding machine, and the driven shaft 23 is connected to the friction stir welding machine through a connecting belt 22; A plurality of rotating members 24 are arranged at equal circumferential intervals on the driven shaft 23. One end of the rotating member 24 away from the driven shaft 23 extends in a direction away from the first sealing plate 29, and a steel slider 25 capable of sliding along its length is arranged on the rotating member 24; The centrifugal traction assembly further includes an energy storage structure connecting the steel slider 25 and the first sealing plate 29. The energy storage structure includes a sliding member 27 slidably installed on the driven shaft 23. A traction rod 26 is rotatably installed on the sliding member 27. One end of the traction rod 26 away from the sliding member 27 is rotatably connected to the steel slider 25; An annular groove 2701 coaxial with the driven shaft 23 is formed on the sliding member 27, and a first connecting rod 28 connected to the first sealing plate 29 is rotatably sleeved in the annular groove 2701; The energy storage structure further includes a second cylindrical spring 42 sleeved on the driven shaft 23. One end of the second cylindrical spring 42 is connected to the rotating member 24, and the other end is connected to the sliding member 27.

[0054] In the initial state, the second cylindrical spring 42 is in a compressed state. Through the traction of the pull rod 26, the steel slider 25 can be at one end of its stroke close to the driven shaft 23. When the stirring head 21 rotates, the driving device 19 can drive the driven shaft 23 to rotate through the connecting belt 22, and make the rotating part 24 perform a circular motion. At this time, the steel slider 25 will also perform a circular motion and generate a centrifugal force. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the steel slider 25 can move along the length direction of the rotating part 24, and drive the sliding part 27 to act through the pull rod 26. At this time, the sliding part 27 pulls the first sealing plate 29 to move through the first connecting rod 28, and can make the guide through hole 33 adapted to the first sealing plate 29.

[0055] Among them, since the rotation speeds of the stirring shaft 21 are inconsistent for workpieces with different thicknesses, and when the rotation speed of the stirring head 21 changes, the rotation speed of the driven shaft 23 will also change. At this time, the centrifugal force of the steel slider 25 performing a circular motion changes, and the displacement of the sliding part 27 being pulled and moving is different, so that the trapezoidal groove 30 on the first sealing plate 29 and the guide through hole 33 have different overlapping amounts, thereby realizing the precise control of the water volume. While avoiding water source waste, to a certain extent, it improves the cooling effect when water cooling participates in cooling, making the actual cooling degree more consistent with the theoretical cooling degree.

[0056] Among them, the driving device 19 only drives the driven shaft 23, the steel slider 25, the pull rod 26, the sliding part 27 and the second cylindrical spring 42 to rotate, and the driven shaft 23, the steel slider 25, the pull rod 26, the sliding part 27 and the second cylindrical spring 42 can be regarded as a circular symmetry structure, so that these components will not cause too much additional load on the driving device 19, and when the first sealing plate 29 is locked, the driven shaft 23 can also rotate with the driving device 19, and will not affect the normal operation of the stirring head 21.

[0057] Through the above settings, the first sealing plate 29 and the second sealing plate 39 can act according to the rotation speed of the stirring head 21 and the thickness of the workpiece respectively, so as to realize the coordinated control of the water volume, improve the accuracy of the water volume pumped towards the nozzle 41, and ensure the cooling effect.

[0058] As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for welding a workpiece using the vertical adaptive friction stir welding device described above is also proposed, including the following steps: Step 1: The slide plate 3 drives the second column 2 to move away from the first column 1 to leave an operating space for the operator; Step 2: Lift the workpiece into place by hoisting, clamp the workpiece using the provided clamping assembly, and then adjust the position of the workpiece through the bottom support device; Step 3: The top tensioning device pulls the second column 2 towards the first column 1, so that the abutting assembly abuts against the workpiece; Step 4: Adjust the position of the friction stir welding machine, and then start the friction stir welding machine; Step 5: The traction structure follows the movement of the friction stir welding machine, and controls the actions of the first sealing plate 29 and the second sealing plate 39 to adjust the supply amount of the coolant delivered towards the welded workpiece.

[0059] Among them, the top tensioning device includes: two groups of symmetrically arranged first tensioning structures and second tensioning structures. A pull rod is provided on the first tensioning structure, and the pull rod can be driven by an oil cylinder / a cylinder / a linear electric cylinder, etc. to move back and forth. A fixed jaw is provided on the second tensioning structure, and the fixed jaw can be driven by an oil cylinder / a cylinder / a linear electric cylinder, etc. to move up and down (or left and right). When the pull rod extends in place, the fixed jaw extends in place downward (or along the left and right directions). An inclined groove (or protrusion) is provided on the pull rod, and an inclined protrusion (or groove) is provided on the jaw. The inclined surfaces of the pull rod and the jaw finally fit together to complete the fixed constraint on the pull rod; After the slide plate 3 and the second column 2 move towards the first column 1 in place (the next step is to perform welding), the top tensioning device automatically pulls the first column 1 and the second column 2, so that the first column 1 and the second column 2 are rigidly connected as a whole. This can greatly increase the stiffness of the first column 1 and the second column 2 and greatly improve the stability of welding.

[0060] Specifically, the inclination angle of the above-mentioned inclined groove (inclined protrusion) is determined according to the actual material (generally 5° - 15°). The angle size is the self-locking angle of the materials of the pull rod and the jaw. This angle has two functions: one is to ensure that the inclined surfaces of the jaw and the pull rod can fit firmly by setting this angle (if it is a vertical surface, once the pull rod does not move in place, it is very difficult to ensure the fit between the jaw and the pull rod. Either the jaw cannot be inserted, or there is a gap between the surfaces that should fit); the other is to make the fixed constraint of the pull rod more firm through the self-locking angle and not easily cause the tensioning function to fail due to external interference.

[0061] The bottom support device includes: a device base, a handwheel, bottom support wheels, and side wheels. Specifically, the device can be adjusted up and down by rotating the handwheel on the device base; the device is provided with bottom support wheels for supporting the bottom surface of the workpiece, and the bottom support wheels can be rotated by rotating the handwheel (an electric motor / rotary oil cylinder / rotary cylinder can also be installed to achieve the automatic rotation of the bottom support wheels); the device is provided with two sets of side wheels for restricting the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece to play a role in position restriction and anti-tipping, and the positions of the two sets of side wheels can be adjusted by rotating the corresponding handwheels; after the workpiece is fixedly restricted by the clamping device, the support device at the bottom of the workpiece is adjusted so that the bottom support wheels of the support device fit the bottom surface of the workpiece, and the two sets of side wheels respectively fit (or leave a certain gap according to actual needs) the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece.

[0062] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0063] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vertical self - adaptive friction stir welding device, characterized in that, Comprising: A first upright post (1) and a second upright post (2) which are oppositely arranged. A clamping assembly is arranged on the first upright post (1), and an abutting assembly and a friction stir welding machine are arranged on the second upright post (2); A flow dividing box (31) is connected to the friction stir welding machine. The interior of the flow dividing box (31) is divided into two independent chambers by a partition plate (32) arranged at a right angle; A first sealing plate (29) and a second sealing plate (39) are arranged in the flow dividing box (31) and are hermetically and slidably connected to the partition plate (32). A locking groove (2901) is arranged on the first sealing plate (29), and the locking groove (2901) cooperates with a locking portion (3901) arranged on the second sealing plate (39) to unlock the second sealing plate (39) after the first sealing plate (29) moves; A traction mechanism is arranged on the friction stir welding machine. The traction mechanism includes an abutting trigger assembly and a centrifugal pulling assembly. The abutting trigger assembly is connected to the second sealing plate (39), and the centrifugal pulling assembly is connected to the first sealing plate (29).

2. The vertical adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A set of guide through holes (33) are arranged on each of the two side edges of the partition plate (32). The trapezoidal grooves (30) arranged on the first sealing plate (29) and the second sealing plate (39) are adapted to the guide through holes (33); When the first sealing plate (29) or the second sealing plate (39) is pulled to move, the overlapping area of the trapezoidal groove (30) and the guide through hole (33) can be changed.

3. An upright self-adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting trigger assembly includes a guiding member (34) fixedly installed on the friction stir welding machine. A horizontal frame (35) is slidably installed on the guiding member (34). The horizontal frame (35) is connected to the guiding member (34) by a first cylindrical spring (36), and a ball (40) is arranged at one end of the horizontal frame (35) facing the first upright post (1); The abutting trigger assembly further includes a second connecting rod (38) fixedly connected to the second sealing plate (39) and slidably arranged through the flow dividing box (31). One end of the second connecting rod (38) far from the second sealing plate (39) is connected to the horizontal frame (35) by a hinged rod (37).

4. The vertical self-adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 1, wherein, The centrifugal pulling assembly includes a driven shaft (23) rotatably installed on the friction stir welding machine. The driven shaft (23) is connected to the friction stir welding machine by a connecting belt (22); A plurality of groups of rotating members (24) are arranged on the driven shaft (23) at equal circumferential intervals. One end of the rotating member (24) far from the driven shaft (23) extends in a direction away from the first sealing plate (29), and a steel slider (25) capable of sliding along its length is arranged on the rotating member (24); The centrifugal pulling assembly further includes an energy storage structure connecting the steel slider (25) and the first sealing plate (29).

5. An upright self-adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage structure includes a sliding member (27) slidably mounted on the driven shaft (23). A pull rod (26) is rotatably mounted on the sliding member (27). One end of the pull rod (26) away from the sliding member (27) is rotatably connected to the steel slider (25). An annular groove (2701) coaxial with the driven shaft (23) is formed on the sliding member (27). A first connecting rod (28) connected to the first sealing plate (29) is rotatably sleeved in the annular groove (2701). The energy storage structure further includes a second cylindrical spring (42) sleeved on the driven shaft (23). One end of the second cylindrical spring (42) is connected to the rotating member (24), and the other end is connected to the sliding member (27).

6. The vertical adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a guide rod (5) provided on the first column (1). A connecting plate (6) is slidably mounted on the guide rod (5). A first driving unit (7) is provided on the connecting plate (6). The operating end of the first driving unit (7) is fixedly connected to a rack plate (8) sliding on the connecting plate (6). The clamping assembly further includes a deflecting arm (10) rotatably mounted on the connecting plate (6). An abutting portion (11) is provided on the deflecting arm (10). A first abutting member (12) is provided on the abutting portion (11). A gear (9) is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the deflecting arm (10). The gear (9) meshes with the rack plate (8).

7. An upright self-adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting assembly includes a plurality of groups of second driving units (13) symmetrically arranged along the height direction of the second column (2). A second abutting member (14) is provided on the operating end of the second driving unit (13).

8. The vertical self-adaptive friction stir welding device according to claim 1, wherein, The second column (2) is provided on the base (4), and a sliding plate (3) is provided at the bottom of the second column (2). A follower (15) capable of moving along its height direction is slidably mounted in the second column (2). The follower (15) is connected to a balance cylinder (16) provided on the second column (2). A transverse movement driving member (17) is further provided on the follower (15). A telescopic driving member (18) is mounted on the transverse movement driving member (17). One end of the telescopic driving member (18) away from the transverse movement driving member (17) is connected to the friction stir welding machine.

9. A method for welding a workpiece using the vertical adaptive friction stir welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: The sliding plate (3) drives the second column (2) to move away from the first column (1) to leave an operating space for the operator. Step 2: The workpiece is hoisted in place by hoisting. The clamping assembly is used to clamp the workpiece, and then the position of the workpiece is adjusted by the bottom support device. Step 3: The top tensioning device pulls the second column (2) towards the first column (1) to make the abutting assembly abut against the workpiece. Step 4: Adjust the position of the friction stir welding machine, and then start the friction stir welding machine. Step 5: The traction structure follows the movement of the friction stir welding machine and controls the actions of the first sealing plate (29) and the second sealing plate (39) to adjust the supply amount of the coolant supplied to the welded workpiece.

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