Scissor type flat plate symmetrical rolling device and method based on lever principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a scissor type flat plate symmetrical rolling device and method based on the lever principle, and belongs to the field of mechanical rolling machining. The device comprises an upper support arm, a lower support arm, a bearing, a threaded rotating shaft, a support seat and a counterweight, the upper support arm and the lower support arm are connected with the threaded rotating shaft through a bearing and are fixed through a locking nut; an upper support arm screw rod is arranged at one end of the upper support arm and is used for fixing a counterweight, and an upper rolling cutter is arranged at the lower end of the upper support arm screw rod; a second lower supporting arm screw is arranged at one end of the lower supporting arm, a lower rolling cutter is arranged at the upper end of the second lower supporting arm screw and used in cooperation with the upper rolling cutter, and a limiting hole is formed in the rolling cutter and used for containing a ball; a first lower support arm screw rod is arranged at the other end of the lower support arm and is used for fixing a counterweight; and the supporting seat is connected with the threaded rotating shaft through a locking nut. According to the invention, almost consistent rolling force is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the metal sheet during surface rolling processing, so that the warping phenomenon of the metal sheet is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical rolling processing, in particular to the surface mechanical rolling processing technology of metal sheets, and specifically relates to a scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device and a rolling method based on the lever principle. Background Art

[0002] In the mechanical industry, metal sheets are widely used. Components such as the body, shell, and bracket of an automobile, and components such as the hull, hull shell, bottom of the ship, and deck of a ship all rely on metal sheets. Among them, thin metal sheets are widely used in the manufacture of automobile chassis. To improve the safety factor of the automobile chassis, it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of the thin metal sheets used.

[0003] Surface mechanical rolling technology can introduce gradient nanostructures on the surface of thin metal sheets. The gradient nanostructures have excellent strength-toughness matching performance and can effectively improve the mechanical properties of thin metal sheets. However, if the rolling pressures applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the thin metal sheet during surface mechanical rolling processing are inconsistent, it will lead to unbalanced forces, causing serious warping of the thin metal sheet, resulting in the unusability of the processed metal sheet and causing waste.

[0004] The invention patent with the patent number CN201911417997.X proposes a metal flat double-sided symmetric rolling processing device. This patent can achieve the periodic uniform runway-shaped movement of the metal flat through a power source. The transverse feeding device (electric cylinder) realizes the forward and backward feeding of the rolling processing device through the electrical control part. By superimposing the two movements and applying an increasing rolling pressure to the rolling tool with each pass through a pneumatic device, a gradient nanostructure can be formed on the surface of the metal flat.

[0005] The invention patent with the patent number CN202311819479.7 proposes a processing device and a processing method for a symmetric gradient nanostructure flat. This patent adopts a double-headed rolling device, and the double sides of the processed thin plate sample can be simultaneously gradient-nanostructured. The motion accuracy of the servo motor can reach 1 micron, and within the allowable error range, it can ensure that the acceleration part and the deceleration part of each pass are in the same position. And it can realize the movement of the processing head in two directions, horizontal and vertical, without over-processing or under-processing.

[0006] When performing surface mechanical rolling processing on a flat sample, it is necessary to maintain the consistency of the rolling pressure applied by the upper rolling tool to the upper surface of the flat sample and the rolling pressure applied by the lower rolling tool to the lower surface of the flat sample. This can not only ensure that the thickness of the gradient nanostructures prepared on the upper and lower surfaces of the flat sample is uniform, but also maintain the force balance and effectively avoid the warping phenomenon of the flat sample.

[0007] The invention patents with patent numbers CN201911417997.X and CN202311819479.7 can both perform surface mechanical rolling on flat specimens. In the above two invention patents, high-pressure gas is introduced into this closed space through the sealed end cover of the pressure conversion device, and the input gas pressure is converted into the pressure applied on the rolling tool, and then into the rolling pressure applied on the specimen surface. However, there is friction between the piston rod of the pressure conversion device and the piston cylinder wall. The existence of friction makes the rolling pressures applied on the upper and lower surfaces of the flat specimen asymmetric. When processing relatively thick flat specimens, the influence caused by this friction can be almost negligible. When processing thin flat specimens with a thickness of 1, 2 millimeters or even less than 1 millimeter, the influence brought by friction is "fatal", seriously affecting the force balance during the rolling of the flat specimen, resulting in serious warping of the thin flat specimen after surface mechanical rolling. At the same time, since the magnitude of the friction is variable, the mechanical properties of the flat specimen after rolling are not consistent. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device and rolling method based on the lever principle, which apply almost the same rolling pressure to the upper and lower surfaces of a metal thin plate during surface rolling processing to avoid the warping phenomenon of the metal thin plate.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device based on the lever principle, comprising: an upper support arm, a lower support arm, a bearing, a threaded rotating shaft, a support seat, and a counterweight;

[0010] The upper support arm and the lower support arm are connected to the threaded rotating shaft through a bearing, and the positions of the upper support arm and the lower support arm are fixed by cooperating with the threaded rotating shaft through a locking nut; one end of the upper support arm is provided with an upper support arm screw rod, which is used to fix the counterweight, and a upper rolling tool is provided at the lower end of the upper support arm screw rod; one end of the lower support arm is provided with a second lower support arm screw rod, a lower rolling tool is provided at the upper end of the second lower support arm screw rod, the lower rolling tool is used in cooperation with the upper rolling tool, and the lower rolling tool and the upper rolling tool are provided with limit holes for placing ball bearings; the other end of the lower support arm is provided with a first lower support arm screw rod, which is used to fix the counterweight;

[0011] The support seat is fixedly connected to the threaded rotating shaft through a locking nut, and the support seat is provided with a through hole for connecting a transmission device.

[0012] Further, the fit between the upper support arm, the lower support arm and the bearing is an interference fit to prevent the upper support arm and the lower support arm from shaking.

[0013] Further, the upper arm and the lower arm can control the axial direction of the rolling force applied by the rolling tool by adjusting the positions of the bearing and the locking nut, and make the axial directions of the rolling forces applied by the two rolling tools collinear as much as possible; the special-shaped shapes of the upper arm and the lower arm can avoid the interference phenomenon of the upper arm and the lower arm colliding during the adjustment process.

[0014] Further, threads are provided on the upper rolling tool and the lower rolling tool, which are respectively connected in a mating manner with the upper arm screw and the first lower arm screw, and are fixed by nuts; the screws can be adjusted up and down and re-fixed according to the thickness of the processed flat sample, so that the axial direction of the pressure applied by the rolling tool is perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces of the flat plate.

[0015] Further, a gasket is provided between the counterweight and the arm.

[0016] Further, the counterweight adopts any one or more of weights, plumb bobs, and adding high-density iron sand in a container.

[0017] Further, the ball bearings adopt cemented carbide tungsten steel balls, which have the characteristics of high hardness, low friction coefficient, and strong wear resistance, and also have good toughness to improve the processing quality and tool life.

[0018] The present invention also provides a rolling method based on the above-mentioned flat rolling device, including:

[0019] S1. Fix the flat sample through the thin plate clamping device;

[0020] S2. Place the ball bearings into the limit holes of the rolling tool on the upper arm, and gently rotate the upper arm to press the ball bearings against the upper surface of the flat sample. According to the relationship between the pressure applied by the upper arm and the added counterweight obtained by calibration, add the corresponding counterweight to the upper arm; among them, the corresponding counterweight is obtained by weighing with a precision balance;

[0021] S3. Place the ball bearings into the limit holes of the rolling tool on the lower arm, hold the rolling tool on the lower arm by hand, and slowly press the ball bearings against the lower surface of the flat sample to avoid the ball bearings hitting the lower surface of the flat sample and thus affecting the flat sample. According to the relationship between the pressure applied by the lower arm and the added counterweight obtained by calibration, add the corresponding counterweight to the lower arm;

[0022] S4. According to the relationship between the pressure applied by the two arms and the added counterweight, prepare in advance the increased counterweight required for the next rolling pass through a balance, and add the prepared counterweight to the corresponding arm after the current rolling pass is completed;

[0023] S5. Repeat the operation until the required number of rolling passes is completed.

[0024] Further, the specific calculation method of the pressure is as follows:

[0025] According to the principle of moment balance, the theoretical concentrated force exerted by the rolling tool on the lower arm on the lower surface of the flat specimen is The theoretical concentrated force exerted by the rolling tool on the upper arm on the upper surface of the flat specimen is where m is the mass of the counterweight, m0 is the mass of the lower arm, m1 is the mass of the upper arm, g is the acceleration due to gravity, l0 is the distance from the centroid of the lower arm to the center of the rotating shaft, l F is the distance from the central axis of the second lower arm screw to the center of the rotating shaft, l is the distance from the central axis of the first lower arm screw to the center of the rotating shaft, l1 is the distance from the centroid of the upper arm to the center of the rotating shaft, and l2 is the distance from the central axis of the second upper arm screw to the center of the rotating shaft.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The lever mechanism of the present invention can theoretically achieve absolute symmetry of the rolling pressure applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the flat specimen by precisely calculating the product of the mass of the counterweight and the length of the force arm. Compared with the hysteresis of the dynamic adjustment of the pneumatic system, the static load provided by the counterweight has stability.

[0028] The friction force of the pneumatic system is directly superimposed on the rolling pressure, while the lever system confines the friction effect inside the rotating pair through the rolling bearing at the fulcrum. Its friction torque only affects the small inertia during the starting and stopping stages of the system and will not change the balanced load distribution during the steady-state rolling process.

[0029] By applying the rolling pressure by adding counterweights to the upper arm and the lower arm, the friction force between the piston rod and the cylinder wall of the piston is effectively avoided. At the same time, a circular bearing with a low friction coefficient is used at the fulcrum, making the friction effect confined inside the rotating pair extremely small and negligible. It can ensure the consistency of the rolling pressure applied by the upper and lower rolling tools. The applied counterweight can be verified by two methods: the principle of moment balance and calibration with a high-precision sensor. Therefore, the processing using this flat rolling processing device belongs to a precision processing.

[0030] At the same time, by applying counterweights to the front part of the upper arm and the rear part of the lower arm respectively, a symmetrical force transmission method can be formed. This design is naturally suitable for double-sided symmetrical rolling processing, which helps to reduce the deformation and warping of the thin plate. The mechanical properties of the flat specimens prepared by using this flat rolling processing device have good consistency. Description of the Drawings

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device based on the lever principle of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Top view of a scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device based on the lever principle of the present invention and the fine-tuning direction;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the force analysis of the upper arm of the present invention and the screw adjustment direction;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the force analysis of the lower arm of the present invention and the screw adjustment direction;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an existing transmission device that can be used in combination with the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an existing thin plate clamping device that can be used in combination with the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the way to add counterweights in the present invention; among them, (1) is the schematic diagram of using weights as counterweights, (2) is the schematic diagram of using weights and adding high-density iron sand in the container as counterweights at the same time, and (3) is the schematic diagram of adding high-density iron sand in the container as counterweights;

[0039] Figure 8 Relationship diagram between the pressure applied by the upper rolling tool of the present invention and the added counterweight;

[0040] Figure 9 Relationship diagram between the pressure applied by the lower rolling tool of the present invention and the added counterweight;

[0041] Figure 10 Specimen diagram of a thin copper flat plate after surface mechanical rolling using the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 Microhardness curve diagram measured along the depth direction on the cross-section of a thin copper flat plate specimen after surface mechanical rolling using the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 Result diagram of the tensile test in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] In the figure, there are upper arm 1, upper arm screw 11, upper rolling cutter 12, lower arm 2, first lower arm screw 21, second lower arm screw 22, lower rolling cutter 23, support base 3, circular bearing 4, counterweight 5, threaded rotating shaft 6, ball 7, locking nut 8, and gasket 9. Specific embodiments

[0045] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments or drawings are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, a scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device based on the lever principle of the present invention includes: upper arm 1; upper arm screw 11; upper rolling cutter 12; lower arm 2; first lower arm screw 21; second lower arm screw 22; lower rolling cutter 23; support base 3; circular bearing 4; counterweight 5; threaded rotating shaft 6; ball 7; locking nut 8; gasket 9; wherein, the left and right support bases are both called support base 3; the upper arm, lower arm counterweights are both called counterweight 5; the upper and lower balls are both called ball 7; all locking nuts are called locking nut 8.

[0047] During the assembly process, screw the upper arm screw 11 into the bottom threaded hole of the upper rolling cutter 12, pass the upper arm screw 11 through the through hole opened in front of the upper arm 1 and fix it with two locking nuts 8. A circular through hole is opened on the arm of the upper arm 1, and the circular bearing 4 has an interference fit with it to prevent the upper arm 1 from shaking due to the gap between the upper arm 1 and the circular bearing 4. The ball 7 is placed in the circular limit hole opened in the upper rolling cutter 12.

[0048] Screw the second lower arm screw 22 into the bottom threaded hole of the lower rolling cutter 23, pass the second lower arm screw 22 through the through hole opened in front of the lower arm 2 and fix it with two locking nuts 8. A circular through hole is opened on the arm of the lower arm 2, and the circular bearing 4 has an interference fit with it to prevent the lower arm 2 from shaking due to the gap between the lower arm 2 and the circular bearing 4. The ball 7 is placed in the circular limit hole opened in the lower rolling cutter 23.

[0049] Pass the threaded rotating shaft 6 through the through holes of the circular bearings 4 on the assembled upper support arm 1 and lower support arm 2, and pass the two bearing seats 3 through the left and right ends of the threaded rotating shaft 6 respectively. Use a total of four locking nuts 8, two for each, to fix the threaded rotating shaft 6 on the support seat 3. A circular through hole is provided on the support seat 3, and bolts can be used to connect it to the existing transmission device. One locking nut 8 is used on the left side of the circular bearing 4 in the upper support arm 1 and one on the right side of the circular bearing 4 in the lower support arm 2, for a total of two locking nuts 8, to limit the upper support arm 1 and the lower support arm 2. The two locking nuts 8 should not be tightened too much to affect the rotation of the threaded rotating shaft 6.

[0050] As Figure 2 shown, the upper support arm 1 and the lower support arm 2 can control the axial direction of the rolling pressure applied by the upper rolling tool 12 and the lower rolling tool 23 by adjusting the positions of the circular bearing 4 and the locking nut 8, and try to make the axial directions of the pressure applied by the upper rolling tool 12 and the lower rolling tool 23 collinear. The special-shaped shapes of the upper support arm 1 and the lower support arm 2 can avoid the interference phenomenon of collision between the upper support arm 1 and the lower support arm 2 during the adjustment process. The arrow direction in the figure is the fine adjustment direction of the upper support arm 1 and the lower support arm 2.

[0051] As Figure 3 shown, a gravity of m1g acts on the centroid of the upper support arm 1, and the centroid is at the position indicated by the lead wire. The added counterweight applies a force of mg in the central axis direction of the upper support arm screw 11. The rolling pressure applied by the upper rolling tool 12 on the upper surface of the flat specimen is F 上 , and according to the principle of moment balance, the following formula is listed: F 上 l2 = m1gl1 + mgl2, and we get where m is the mass of the counterweight 5, m1 is the mass of the upper support arm 1, g is the acceleration due to gravity, l1 is the distance from the centroid of the upper support arm 1 to the center of the threaded rotating shaft 6, and l2 is the distance from the central axis of the upper support arm screw 11 to the center of the threaded rotating shaft 6. The double-headed arrow is the screw adjustment direction for the upper support arm screw 11 to make up and down adjustments according to the thickness of the flat specimen to adapt to the rolling process.

[0052] As Figure 4 shown, a gravity of m0g acts on the centroid of the lower support arm 2, and the centroid is at the position indicated by the lead wire. The added counterweight applies a force of mg in the central axis direction of the first lower support arm screw 21. The rolling pressure applied by the lower rolling tool 23 on the lower surface of the flat specimen is F 下 , and according to the principle of moment balance, the following formula is listed: F 下 l F + m0gl0 = mgl, and we get where m is the mass of the counterweight 5, m0 is the mass of the lower arm 2, g is the acceleration due to gravity, l0 is the distance from the center of mass of the lower arm 2 to the center of the threaded shaft 6, l is the distance from the central axis of the first lower arm screw 21 to the center of the threaded shaft 6, and l F is the distance from the central axis of the second lower arm screw 22 to the center of the threaded shaft 6. The double-headed arrow indicates the adjustment direction of the second lower arm screw 22, which needs to be adjusted up and down according to the thickness of the flat specimen to adapt to the rolling process.

[0053] As Figure 7 shown in Figures (1)-(3) of [], there are three ways to add the counterweight 5, including adding weights, adding high-density iron sand in a container, and mixed weighting. The method of adding weights is difficult to finely adjust the magnitude of the rolling pressure, so usually high-density iron sand is added in the container and used in combination with weights. In this way, not only can the magnitude of the rolling pressure be finely adjusted, but also a higher upper limit of the rolling pressure can be provided. Placing a gasket 9 under the counterweight 5 can convert the distributed force into a concentrated force acting in the direction of the central axis of the screw.

[0054] The ball 7 is made of cemented carbide tungsten steel ball. The cemented carbide tungsten steel ball has the characteristics of high hardness, low friction coefficient, strong wear resistance, and good toughness. Therefore, it can effectively improve the processing quality and tool life.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A scissor-type flat symmetric rolling device based on the lever principle was combined with the existing transmission device to perform three-pass double-sided symmetric surface mechanical rolling treatment on a copper thin sheet with a thickness of 1 mm. The transmission device is as shown in Figure 5 . First, the copper thin sheet was placed in the existing thin sheet clamping device, which is as shown in Figure 6 . The specimen was clamped by tightening the bolts on the fixture to make the specimen immovable. Then, the cemented carbide tungsten steel ball was placed in the limiting hole opened by the upper rolling tool 12. The upper arm 1 pressed the cemented carbide tungsten steel ball against the upper surface of the copper thin sheet by the action of gravity. A counterweight 5 was added above the upper arm 1 to apply the rolling pressure. Similarly, a counterweight 5 was also added to the lower arm 2 to apply pressure in a similar operation to the upper arm 1. After the counterweight 5 was placed, the first-pass rolling treatment was started. The operations of the remaining two-pass rolling treatments were the same as those of the first pass, and the only difference was that the added counterweight 5 increased linearly.

[0057] The specific process parameters of surface mechanical rolling are as follows: for the first pass, the applied pressure is 10 N, the unit feed rate is 20 μm, the processing speed is 35 mm / s, and the processing area is 75 mm × 10 mm; for the second pass, the applied pressure is 15 N, the unit feed rate is 20 μm, the processing speed is 35 mm / s, and the processing area is 75 mm × 10 mm; for the third pass, the applied pressure is 20 N, the unit feed rate is 15 μm, the processing speed is 35 mm / s, and the processing area is 75 mm × 10 mm. The gradient nanostructured copper prepared is as Figure 10 shown.

[0058] Regarding the specific pressure application method, the relationship between the added weight and the applied pressure is calibrated through a force sensor to obtain the relationship between the pressure applied by the upper rolling tool 12 and the added weight 5, and the relationship between the pressure applied by the lower rolling tool 23 and the added weight 5, as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown. Corresponding weights of 10 N, 15 N, and 20 N are applied to the screws of the upper and lower support arms respectively according to the relationships between the pressure applied by the two groups of upper and lower support arms 1 and 2 and the added weight 5.

[0059] The Vickers hardness of the copper thin sheet samples is measured using an Hvs-1000M type microhardness tester. The test load is 25 g and the holding time is 10 s. The specific process of Vickers hardness measurement is as follows: Taking 20 μm from the upper surface of the copper thin sheet as the starting point, a set of data is measured every 50 μm along the depth direction until the lower surface of the copper thin sheet. At the same depth, data of 5 points are measured at a horizontal interval of 50 μm, and the average value of all data at the same depth is taken as the microhardness value at that depth. Finally, the schematic diagram of the relationship between the Vickers hardness of the sampling points and the distance from the upper surface as shown in Figure 11 is obtained. Among them, CG is the unprocessed sample, and 1P and 3P respectively represent the gradient nanostructured samples obtained by the first pass and the third pass of processing. The cross-sectional microhardness of the samples processed in different passes is measured, and the hardness of each sample shows a gradient distribution from the surface layer to the core. The hardness of each pass sample has been greatly improved compared with the unprocessed sample, which proves that the hardness of the gradient nanostructured material prepared using the device of the present invention has been greatly improved.

[0060] Tensile tests are carried out on the thin copper tensile specimens of 1P, 2P, and 3P using a 3369 series tensile testing machine produced by Instron Corporation. The tensile test results are as shown in Figure 12 . It can be seen that compared with the yield strength of the coarse-grained thin copper, the yield strengths of 1P, 2P, and 3P have all been greatly improved, and the elongation rates are not much different, showing the property of strong toughness matching.

[0061] The above-described embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device based on the lever principle, characterized in that: include: An upper support arm (1), a lower support arm (2), a bearing (4), a threaded shaft (6), a support seat (3), and a counterweight (5); The upper support arm (1) and the lower support arm (2) are connected to each other through a bearing (4) and a threaded shaft (6), and the upper support arm (1) and the lower support arm (2) are fixed in position through a locking nut (8) and the threaded shaft (6); an upper support arm screw (11) is provided at one end of the upper support arm (1), and the upper support arm screw (11) is used to fix the counterweight (5), and an upper rolling tool (12) is provided at the lower end of the upper support arm screw (11); A second lower support arm screw rod (22), wherein a lower rolling tool (23) is provided at the upper end of the second lower support arm screw rod (22), wherein the lower rolling tool (23) is used in conjunction with the upper rolling tool (12), and the lower rolling tool (23) and the upper rolling tool (12) are provided with limiting holes for placing the ball bearing (7); a first lower support arm screw rod (21) is provided at the other end of the lower support arm (2), wherein the first lower support arm screw rod (21) is used for fixing the counterweight (5); The support seat (3) is fixedly connected to the threaded shaft (6) via a locking nut (8), and the support seat (3) is provided with a through hole for connecting a transmission device.

2. According to the lever principle-based scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The upper support arm (1), the lower support arm (2) and the bearing (4) are fitted in an interference fit, which is used to prevent the upper support arm (1) and the lower support arm (2) from shaking.

3. The scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device based on the lever principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper support arm (1) and the lower support arm (2) can control the axial direction of the rolling force applied by the rolling tool by adjusting the positions of the bearing (4) and the locking nut (8).

4. The scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device based on the lever principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper rolling tool (12) and the lower rolling tool (23) are provided with threads, which are respectively matched and connected with the upper support arm screw rod (11) and the first lower support arm screw rod (21), and are fixed by nuts.

5. The scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device based on the lever principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A gasket (9) is provided between the counterweight (5) and the support arm.

6. The scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device based on the lever principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The counterweight (5) is any one or more of a weight, a weight, and high-density iron sand added to a container.

7. The scissor-type flat plate symmetrical rolling device based on the lever principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ball (7) is a hard alloy tungsten carbide steel ball.

8. A rolling method based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Fix the flat plate specimen by a thin plate clamping device; S2. Place the ball into the limit hole of the rolling tool of the upper arm, and gently rotate the upper arm to press the ball against the upper surface of the flat sample. According to the relationship between the pressure applied by the upper arm and the added counterweight obtained by calibration, add a counterweight corresponding to the applied pressure to the upper arm; wherein the corresponding counterweight is obtained by weighing with a precision balance; S3. Place the ball into the limiting hole of the rolling tool of the lower arm, hold the rolling tool of the lower arm with your hand, and slowly press the ball against the lower surface of the flat sample to prevent the ball from hitting the lower surface of the flat sample and thus affecting the flat sample. According to the relationship between the pressure applied by the lower arm and the added counterweight obtained by calibration, add a counterweight corresponding to the applied pressure to the lower arm; S4. According to the relationship between the pressure applied by the two arms and the added counterweight, the additional counterweight required for the next rolling pass is equipped in advance through the balance, and the equipped counterweight is added to the corresponding arms after the current rolling pass is completed; S5. Repeat the operation until the required rolling passes are completed.

9. The rolling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure is calculated as follows: According to the moment balance principle, the theoretical concentrated force applied by the rolling tool on the lower arm to the lower surface of the flat specimen is: The theoretical concentrated force exerted by the rolling tool on the upper arm on the upper surface of the flat specimen is: Where m is the mass of the counterweight, m0 is the mass of the lower arm, m1 is the mass of the upper arm, g is the acceleration of gravity, l0 is the distance from the center of mass of the lower arm to the center of the shaft, l F is the distance from the center axis of the second lower support arm screw to the center of the rotating shaft, l is the distance from the center axis of the first lower support arm screw to the center of the rotating shaft, l1 is the distance from the center of mass of the upper support arm to the center of the rotating shaft, and l2 is the distance from the center axis of the second upper support arm screw to the center of the rotating shaft.

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