Self-adaptive finish-milling flat tongs and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a pair of self-adaptive finish-milling flat tongs which comprises a tongs seat, a base plate is arranged on the tongs seat, and a groove is formed in the base plate; the flat tongs body is fixedly assembled on the base plate and is perpendicular to the length direction of the groove; the movable clamping block and the flat tongs body are arranged in parallel, and the movable clamping block is in sliding fit with the base plate in the length direction of the groove; the number of the standard soft claws is two; and a locking bolt. According to the self-adaptive finish-milling flat tongs in the technical scheme, the machined surface of the workpiece is protected and prevented from being damaged by clamping in the mode that the machined surface of the workpiece is wrapped and clamped by the soft profiling clamp, the clamping force is provided for the workpiece to be machined to the maximum extent, the requirement for reverse milling is met, and the machining efficiency is improved. The problem that when the reverse side is milled and formed, due to the fact that the machined and formed surface of a part needs to be clamped, the machined surface is directly clamped through a hard claw of flat tongs, and consequently the machined surface is damaged is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machining manufacturing, and particularly relates to an adaptive precision milling flat jaw vice, and a method for using the adaptive precision milling flat jaw vice to perform reverse milling machining on a workpiece. Background Art

[0002] For the milling machining of rectangular shell parts, the process generally includes two steps: one is the front milling machining to form; the other is the reverse milling to form. In the field of machining manufacturing, using a precision flat jaw vice to clamp the raw material blank on a CNC milling machine for front milling machining and using a special profiling fixture to clamp for reverse milling machining are the most widespread and mature machining methods.

[0003] For front milling, since the precision flat jaw vice used is a general-purpose fixture and can be reused for a long time, the machining efficiency is high; but for reverse milling machining, directly using a precision flat jaw vice to clamp, because the clamping jaw plane of the flat jaw vice and the profiled surface of the workpiece that has been machined belong to multi-"point contact type" clamping, it will cause clamping damage to the machined surface. Therefore, a special profiling fixture is usually used to clamp the workpiece for reverse milling machining. And the profiling fixture belongs to a special fixture, with a long production cycle and high cost, and it is difficult to meet the fast-paced production requirements of the current industrial era.

[0004] In view of the above problems, an adaptive precision milling flat jaw vice, and a method for using the adaptive precision milling flat jaw vice to perform reverse milling machining on a workpiece are designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes the following technical solutions for the problems in the prior art:

[0006] An adaptive precision milling flat jaw vice, comprising

[0007] a vice base, on which a base plate is provided, and the base plate has a groove;

[0008] a flat jaw vice body, which is fixedly assembled on the base plate and is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the groove;

[0009] a movable clamping block, which is arranged parallel to the flat jaw vice body and is slidably matched with the base plate along the length direction of the groove, and a nut is arranged on the movable clamping block, and one end of the nut is inserted into the inside of the groove;

[0010] two standard soft jaws, the two standard soft jaws are respectively assembled on the upper ends of the flat jaw vice body and the movable clamping block, and the standard soft jaws have a cavity for profiling the outer surface of the workpiece to be machined;

[0011] A locking bolt is arranged inside the groove and is in threaded fit with a nut. One end of the locking bolt is rotatably fitted with a substrate. When the locking bolt rotates, it drives the movable clamping block to approach or move away from the vise body.

[0012] Among them, the vise body and the movable clamping block clamp the workpiece for face milling. The workpiece that has completed face milling and is ready for back milling is placed in the profiling cavity, and two standard soft jaws clamp the workpiece for back milling.

[0013] As a preference of the above technical solution, both ends of the substrate extend outward to form sliders. Both ends of the movable clamping block are provided with protrusions, and mounting plates are arranged on the protrusions. One end of the mounting plate protrudes from the protrusion and is in sliding fit with the slider.

[0014] As a preference of the above technical solution, a first step is arranged at the upper end of the vise body, and a second step is arranged at the upper end of the movable clamping block.

[0015] Step grooves corresponding to the first step and the second step are respectively arranged on the two standard soft jaws.

[0016] As a preference of the above technical solution, a first screw hole is opened on the vise body, a second screw hole is opened on the movable clamping block, a countersunk through hole is opened on the standard soft jaw, and a second bolt is arranged in the countersunk through hole. The second bolt passes through the countersunk through hole and is in threaded assembly with the first screw hole and the second screw hole.

[0017] As a preference of the above technical solution, saw teeth are arranged on the clamping surfaces of the vise body and the movable clamping block.

[0018] As a preference of the above technical solution, the dimensions of the first step and the second step are: height 4 mm - 5 mm, width 20 mm - 25 mm, and length equal to the length of the vise body.

[0019] As a preference of the above technical solution, the standard soft jaw is a 150*35*25 block made of a soft material, and the soft material is any one of copper alloy and aluminum alloy.

[0020] A usage method for realizing back milling of a workpiece by using the adaptive precision milling vise described in any one of the above, includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Standard soft jaw assembly: Install the two standard soft jaws on the upper ends of the vise body and the movable clamping block respectively, and the two standard soft jaws are integrated with the vise body and the movable clamping block respectively.

[0022] S2. Standard soft jaw spacing adjustment: Insert a piece of paper between the two standard soft jaws, turn the locking bolt to drive the movable clamping block to move towards the body of the parallel vice until the two standard soft jaws clamp the inserted paper. At this time, the spacing between the two standard soft jaws is 0.1 - 0.2 mm;

[0023] S3. Profiled cavity machining: According to the machined outer surface of the workpiece to be milled on the reverse side, mill the profiled cavities on the two standard soft jaws;

[0024] S4. Workpiece clamping: Take out the paper inserted between the two standard soft jaws, place the workpiece to be milled on the reverse side into the profiled cavity, and control the movable clamping block to move towards the body of the parallel vice until the two standard soft jaws reliably clamp the workpiece to be milled on the reverse side.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. An adaptive precision milling parallel vice in this technical solution can realize the front milling and reverse milling of various precision electronic component parts. When performing the "front milling" process on the workpiece to be machined, the workpiece is clamped by using the body of the parallel vice and the movable clamping block. Since the front milling is directly clamping the block-shaped blank, and the clamping surface is not the machined surface of the part, there is no need to consider the problem of clamping damage and clamping deformation;

[0027] When performing the "reverse milling" process on the workpiece to be machined, by installing standard soft jaws on the body of the parallel vice and the movable clamping block, milling profiled cavities on the standard soft jaws, placing the workpiece in the profiled cavities on the standard soft jaws, and clamping the workpiece by using the two standard soft jaws. In this application, by making a soft profiled fixture to "wrap" and clamp the machined surface part of the workpiece, the machined surface of the workpiece is protected, avoiding being clamped and damaged, and providing the maximum clamping force for the workpiece to be machined to meet the requirements of reverse milling, solving the problem that when performing reverse milling, directly using the hard jaws of the parallel vice to clamp will cause clamping damage to the machined surface because it is necessary to clamp the machined surface of the part.

[0028] 2. An adaptive precision milling parallel vice in this technical solution, through continuous theoretical analysis, data analysis, design and processing, and production use verification, has successfully replaced most special profiled fixtures, and the two standard soft jaws can be installed in the front and reverse directions and fully utilized. It not only simplifies the manufacturing process of the profiled fixture to the greatest extent but also meets the requirements of profiled clamping to protect the machined surface of the workpiece most efficiently, effectively reducing the manufacturing cost of the fixture for the enterprise and playing an important role in improving energy and efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 The figure shows the first perspective structural schematic diagram of an adaptive precision milling parallel vice in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 2 Shown is a second perspective structural schematic diagram of an adaptive fine milling flat jaw vice in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 3 Shown is an exploded schematic diagram of an adaptive fine milling flat jaw vice in Embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 4 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a standard soft jaw in Embodiment 1.

[0033] Reference numerals: jaw base 10; substrate 11; groove 12; slider 13;

[0034] flat jaw vice body 20; first step 21; first screw hole 22;

[0035] movable clamping block 30; convex block 31; mounting plate 32; nut 33; second step 34; second screw hole 35;

[0036] standard soft jaw 40; stepped groove 41; countersunk through hole 42; second bolt 43;

[0037] locking bolt 50. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown, an adaptive fine milling flat jaw vice includes a jaw base 10, a substrate 11 is provided on the jaw base 10, and a groove 12 is formed on the substrate 11;

[0041] The flat jaw vice body 20 is fixedly assembled on the substrate 11 and is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the groove 12;

[0042] The movable clamping block 30 is arranged parallel to the flat jaw vice body 20 and is slidably engaged with the substrate 11 along the length direction of the groove 12. A nut 33 is provided on the movable clamping block 30, and one end of the nut 33 is inserted into the interior of the groove 12;

[0043] Two standard soft jaws 40. The standard soft jaws 40 are blocks with dimensions of 150*35*25 made of soft materials. In this embodiment, the soft material is any one of copper alloy and aluminum alloy. In other embodiments, other soft materials except copper alloy and aluminum alloy can be used. The two standard soft jaws 40 are respectively assembled at the upper ends of the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable clamping block 30. The standard soft jaws 40 have a cavity for profiling the outer surface of the workpiece to be machined. The two standard soft jaws 40 in this embodiment can be replaceably assembled on the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable clamping block 30, that is, the clamping surfaces on both sides of the standard soft jaws 40 can be used for clamping work.

[0044] The locking bolt 50 is arranged inside the groove 12 and is in threaded cooperation with the nut 33. One end of the locking bolt 50 is rotatably matched with the base plate 11. Under the condition that the movable clamping block 30 slides along the length direction of the groove 12 and is restricted to cooperate with the base plate 11, the locking bolt 50 rotates to drive the movable clamping block 30 to approach or move away from the flat-jaw pliers body 20. More specifically, when the locking bolt 50 rotates forward, it drives the movable clamping block 30 to approach the flat-jaw pliers body 20 to realize the clamping function of the flat-jaw pliers. When the locking bolt 50 rotates reversely, it drives the movable clamping block 30 to move away from the flat-jaw pliers body 20 to realize the loosening function of the flat-jaw pliers.

[0045] Among them, the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable clamping block 30 perform the clamping work on the workpiece for face milling. The workpiece that has completed face milling and is ready for back milling is placed in the profiling cavity. The two standard soft jaws 40 perform the clamping work on the workpiece for back milling.

[0046] An adaptive precision milling flat-jaw pliers in this technical solution realizes the face milling and back milling forming of various precision electronic component parts. When performing the "face milling" process on the workpiece to be machined, the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable clamping block 30 are used to clamp the workpiece. Since the face milling forming directly clamps the block-shaped blank, and the clamping surface is not the machined surface of the part, there is no need to consider the problems of clamping injury and clamping deformation.

[0047] When performing the "back milling" process on the workpiece to be machined, by installing standard soft jaws 40 on the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable clamping block 30, profiling cavities are milled on the standard soft jaws 40, and the workpiece is placed in the profiling cavities on the standard soft jaws 40. The two standard soft jaws 40 are used to clamp the workpiece. In this application, by making a soft body profiling fixture to "wrap" and clamp the machined surface part of the workpiece, the machined surface of the workpiece is protected to avoid being clamped and injured, and the maximum clamping force is provided for the workpiece to be machined to meet the requirements of back milling, so as to solve the problem that when back milling forming, directly using the hard jaws of the flat-jaw pliers to clamp will cause clamping injury to the machined surface because it is necessary to clamp the machined surface of the part.

[0048] Among them, when performing face milling, the locking bolt 50 is rotated forward to drive the movable clamping block 30 to approach the parallel jaw body 20, realizing the clamping function of the parallel jaw. After the movable clamping block 30 and the parallel jaw body 20 clamp the workpiece, face milling is performed.

[0049] When performing reverse milling, that is, the method of using an adaptive precision milling parallel jaw to perform reverse milling of the workpiece on the reverse side includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Assembly of standard soft jaws 40: The two standard soft jaws 40 are respectively installed on the upper ends of the parallel jaw body 20 and the movable clamping block 30, and the two standard soft jaws 40 are integrated with the parallel jaw body 20 and the movable clamping block 30 respectively;

[0051] S2. Adjustment of the distance between the standard soft jaws 40: Insert a piece of paper between the two standard soft jaws 40, and turn the locking bolt 50 to drive the movable clamping block 30 to move towards the parallel jaw body 20 until the two standard soft jaws 40 clamp the inserted paper. At this time, the distance between the two standard soft jaws 40 is 0.1 - 0.2 mm; the size of the distance depends on the thickness of the inserted paper, and the setting of inserting a piece of paper between the two standard soft jaws 40 ensures that there is a certain clamping and closing distance when the profiled cavities milled on the two standard soft jaws 40 are in use;

[0052] S3. Machining of the profiled cavity: According to the machined outer surface of the workpiece to be reverse milled, mill the profiled cavity on the two standard soft jaws 40;

[0053] S4. Clamping of the workpiece: Take out the piece of paper inserted between the two standard soft jaws 40, place the workpiece to be reverse milled into the profiled cavity, and turn the locking bolt 50 to control the movable clamping block 30 to move towards the parallel jaw body 20 until the two standard soft jaws 40 reliably clamp the workpiece to be reverse milled.

[0054] To achieve the setting of the sliding fit between the movable clamping block 30 and the substrate 11 along the length direction of the groove 12, as Figure 3 shown, the two ends of the substrate 11 extend outward to form sliders 13, and convex blocks 31 are provided at both ends of the movable clamping block 30. An installation plate 32 is provided on the convex block 31. One end of the installation plate 32 protrudes from the convex block 31 and is in sliding fit with the slider 13. At this time, the slider 13 is covered in the gap between the movable clamping block 30, the convex block 31 and the installation plate 32, avoiding the situation that the movable clamping block 30 derails.

[0055] To improve the assembly accuracy between the components of an adaptive precision milling parallel jaw, the present application is further optimized as follows. As Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, a first step 21 is provided at the upper end of the flat-jaw pliers body 20, and a second step 34 is provided at the upper end of the movable jaw block 30; step grooves 41 corresponding to the first step 21 and the second step 34 are respectively provided on the two standard soft jaws 40. Among them, the dimensions of the first step 21 and the second step 34 are 4 mm to 5 mm in height, 20 mm to 25 mm in width, and the length is equal to that of the flat-jaw pliers body 20.

[0056] When the standard soft jaws 40 are assembled on the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable jaw block 30, the first step 21 and the second step 34 are respectively located in the step grooves 41. The provision of the first step 21 on the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the second step 34 on the movable jaw block 30 not only meets the requirements of the general flat-jaw pliers for clamping raw material blanks, but also makes full preparations for the subsequent positioning and fixing of the standard soft jaws 40, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the position of the standard soft jaws 40 after assembly and the accuracy of the assembly position of the standard soft jaws 40.

[0057] To achieve the assembly between the standard soft jaws 40 and the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable jaw block 30, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown, a first threaded hole 22 is provided on the flat-jaw pliers body 20, a second threaded hole 35 is provided on the movable jaw block 30, and a countersunk through hole 42 is provided on the standard soft jaw 40. Among them, the countersunk through hole 42 is longitudinally arranged and does not affect the clamping function of the clamping surfaces on both sides of the standard soft jaw 40. A second bolt 43 is provided in the countersunk through hole 42. The second bolt 43 is an M10 hexagon socket head locking bolt. When assembling the standard soft jaw 40 and the flat-jaw pliers body 20, the second bolt 43 passes through the countersunk through hole 42 and is in threaded cooperation with the first threaded hole 22. When assembling the standard soft jaw 40 and the movable jaw block 30, the second bolt 43 passes through the countersunk through hole 42 and is in threaded cooperation with the second threaded hole 35.

[0058] As Figure 3 shown, sawteeth are provided on the clamping surfaces of the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable jaw block 30. More specifically, the sawteeth are provided on the opposite side walls of the first step 21 and the movable jaw block 30; the provision of sawteeth on the clamping surfaces of the flat-jaw pliers body 20 and the movable jaw block 30 can effectively increase the friction with the workpiece, improve the clamping stability, and can effectively adapt to various workpiece surfaces.

[0059] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it.

Claims

1. An adaptive flat-nose pliers for fine milling, characterized in that: include A clamp seat (10), wherein a base plate (11) is arranged on the clamp seat (10), and a groove (12) is provided on the base plate (11); A flat-nose pliers body (20), wherein the flat-nose pliers body (20) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (11) and is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the slot (12); A movable clamp (30), the movable clamp (30) being arranged in parallel with the flat-nose pliers body (20) and slidingly matched with the base plate (11) along the length direction of the groove (12), the movable clamp (30) being provided with a nut (33), one end of the nut (33) being inserted into the interior of the groove (12); Two standard soft jaws (40) are respectively mounted on the flat-nose pliers body (20) and the upper end of the movable clamp block (30), and the standard soft jaws (40) have a contour cavity of the outer surface of the workpiece to be processed; A locking bolt (50), wherein the locking bolt (50) is disposed inside the groove (12) and is threadedly engaged with the nut (33), and one end of the locking bolt (50) is rotationally engaged with the base plate (11), and the locking bolt (50) rotates to drive the movable clamp (30) to move closer to or away from the flat-nose pliers body (20); The flat-nose pliers body (20) and the movable clamp block (30) are used to clamp the workpiece that has been milled on the front side, and the workpiece that has completed the front side milling and is ready for the back side milling is placed in the profiling cavity, and the two standard soft jaws (40) are used to clamp the workpiece that has been milled on the back side.

2. The adaptive fine milling flat-nose pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the base plate (11) extend outward to form a slider (13), and the two ends of the movable clamping block (30) are both provided with a protrusion (31), and a mounting plate (32) is provided on the protrusion (31), and one end of the mounting plate (32) protrudes from the protrusion (31) and is slidably matched with the slider (13).

3. The adaptive fine milling flat-nose pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the flat-nose pliers body (20) is provided with a step 1 (21), and the upper end of the movable clamp block (30) is provided with a step 2 (34); The two standard soft claws (40) are respectively provided with step grooves (41) corresponding to step one (21) and step two (34).

4. The adaptive fine milling flat-nose pliers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flat-nose pliers body (20) is provided with a screw hole 1 (22), the movable clamp block (30) is provided with a screw hole 2 (35), the standard soft jaw (40) is provided with a countersunk through hole (42), a bolt 2 (43) is arranged in the countersunk through hole (42), and the bolt 2 (43) passes through the countersunk through hole (42) and is threadedly assembled with the screw hole 1 (22) and the screw hole 2 (35).

5. The adaptive fine milling flat-nose pliers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping surfaces of the flat-nose pliers body (20) and the movable clamping block (30) are both provided with saw teeth.

6. The adaptive fine milling flat-nose pliers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dimensions of the step 1 (21) and the step 2 (34) are 4 mm to 5 mm in height, 20 mm to 25 mm in width, and the same length as the flat-nose pliers body (20).

7. The adaptive fine milling flat-nose pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard soft claw (40) is a block of 150*35*25 made of soft material, and the soft material is any one of copper alloy and aluminum alloy.

8. A method for using the adaptive fine milling pliers according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to realize reverse milling of a workpiece, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, assembling the standard soft jaws (40): installing two standard soft jaws (40) to the upper ends of the flat-nose pliers body (20) and the movable clamping block (30) respectively, so that the two standard soft jaws (40) are integrated with the flat-nose pliers body (20) and the movable clamping block (30) respectively; S2. Adjustment of the spacing between the standard soft jaws (40): insert a paper between the two standard soft jaws (40), turn the locking bolt (50) to drive the movable clamp (30) to move toward the flat-nose pliers body (20), until the two standard soft jaws (40) clamp the inserted paper, and at this time, the spacing between the two standard soft jaws (40) is 0.1-0.2 mm; S3, contour cavity processing: according to the outer surface of the workpiece to be reverse milled, the contour cavity is milled on two standard soft jaws (40); S4, workpiece clamping: take out the paper inserted between the two standard soft jaws (40), place the workpiece to be milled on the reverse side into the contour cavity, and control the movable clamping block (30) to move toward the flat-nose pliers body (20) until the two standard soft jaws (40) can reliably clamp the workpiece to be milled on the reverse side.

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