Drainage system for ship and ship

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a drainage system for ships and the ships. The drainage system includes a ballast water tank, a water inlet main pipe, a drainage main pipe, and a plurality of four-way valves. The water inlet main pipe has a suction port connected to the ballast water tank; the drainage main pipe has a discharge port; each four-way valve includes a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings including a first opening, a second opening, a third opening, and a fourth opening. The first opening is connected to one of the second opening and the fourth opening, and the third opening is connected to the other of the second opening and the fourth opening. The first opening of each four-way valve is connected to the water inlet main pipe, and the fourth opening of each four-way valve is connected to the drainage main pipe. The second opening of the four-way valve at the head end is connected to the third opening of the four-way valve at the tail end through a pump body, the second opening of the middle four-way valve is connected to the third opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the front side through the pump body, and the third opening of the middle four-way valve is connected to the second opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the rear side through the pump body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a drainage system for ships and the ships. Background Art

[0002] At present, drainage systems use multiple pumps in parallel to achieve high-flow drainage, and multiple pumps in series to achieve high-lift drainage. Especially when multiple pumps are connected in series to achieve high-lift drainage, if one pump fails, the entire drainage system will not work. If the water in the ship cannot be discharged in time, it may cause the ship to tilt or even sink. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a drainage system for a ship and a ship, which improves the reliability of the drainage system and reduces the number of valves used.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a drainage system for a ship, comprising a ballast water tank, a water intake main pipe, a drainage main pipe and a plurality of four-way valves, the water intake main pipe having a suction port, the suction port being connected to the ballast water tank; the drainage main pipe having a discharge port; each of the four-way valves comprising a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings comprising a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening being connected to one of the second opening and the fourth opening, the third opening being connected to the other of the second opening and the fourth opening, the first opening of each of the four-way valves being connected to the water intake main pipe, and the fourth opening of each of the four-way valves being connected to the drainage main pipe; wherein the second opening of the four-way valve at the head end is connected to the third opening of the four-way valve at the tail end through a pump body, the second opening of the middle four-way valve is connected to the third opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the front side through a pump body, and the third opening of the middle four-way valve is connected to the second opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the rear side through a pump body.

[0006] The drainage system for ships proposed in the embodiments of the present application utilizes a four-way valve to achieve series or parallel connection of multiple pumps. The series and parallel states of the pumps can be flexibly switched according to specific drainage needs. When high-flow drainage is required, the pumps can be conveniently switched to parallel mode; when high-lift drainage tasks are required, the pumps can be switched to series mode. If a pump fails, the pipeline connection can be quickly adjusted to isolate the faulty pump, allowing the other pumps to continue working together. This avoids system crashes caused by a single pump failure, ensuring continuous drainage operations. This significantly improves the reliability of the drainage system under complex working conditions and provides a solid guarantee for the safe navigation of ships.

[0007] Optionally, a first on-off valve is provided between the first opening of each four-way valve and the water inlet main pipe.

[0008] Before the drainage system is started, the first on-off valve can ensure that the area between the four-way valve and the water inlet main is in a closed state, preventing water from entering the pump body without control and avoiding damage to the pump body due to water impact; when the system needs to suspend drainage or carry out maintenance, the first on-off valve quickly cuts off the water flow to prevent accidental water spraying that may cause injury or affect maintenance operations.

[0009] Optionally, a filter is provided between the first on-off valve and the suction port. The filter can reduce the amount of impurities in the fluid that enter the pump body, thereby reducing wear on the pump body, and can also reduce the amount of impurities that enter the valves, thereby reducing water leakage caused by poor sealing of the valves and improving the sealing performance of the valves.

[0010] Optionally, a first stop check valve is provided between the second opening of the four-way valve at the head end and the third opening of the four-way valve at the tail end, a second stop check valve is provided between the second opening of the middle four-way valve and the third opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the front side, and a third stop check valve is provided between the third opening of the middle four-way valve and the second opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the rear side. This reduces sudden changes in drainage system pressure caused by water backflow, thereby reducing damage to other equipment in the system, such as valves and pipes, caused by pressure fluctuations, and improving the safety and reliability of the drainage system.

[0011] In addition, the drainage system of the present application realizes the connection between different pipelines by converting the channels in the four-way valve to connect with different openings, which can reduce the number of valves used. When a pump body fails, the drainage system can continue to operate, thereby improving the reliability of the entire drainage system.

[0012] Optionally, the four-way valve includes a valve body, a valve core and a valve seat, a valve cavity is provided in the valve body, and each of the openings is connected to the valve cavity along the circumference of the valve body; the valve core has a first channel and a second channel, and the valve core is rotatably provided in the valve cavity so that the first channel connects the first opening with one of the second opening and the fourth opening, and the second channel connects the third opening with the other of the second opening and the fourth opening; there are four valve seats, each of which is correspondingly provided at the opening, and each of the valve seats is sealed with the valve core; wherein the four valve seats include a first valve seat and a second valve seat, there are three first valve seats, a first sealing portion is provided between each of the first valve seats and the corresponding opening, and a flow guide gap is provided between the second valve seat and the corresponding opening.

[0013] Optionally, the valve body includes a valve body and a valve cover, and the valve body and the valve cover define the valve cavity. Along the axial direction of the valve body, the valve body has a first groove, and the valve cover has a second groove. The first groove and the second groove are arranged opposite to each other. Along the axial direction of the valve body, the valve core has a first axis and a second axis. The first axis is rotatably arranged in the first groove, and the second axis is rotatably arranged in the second groove. The four-way valve also includes a valve stem rotatably connected to the valve cover, and the valve stem is connected to the second axis.

[0014] Because there's no sealing structure between the second valve seat and the corresponding opening, there's a flow-guiding gap between them. Fluid flowing through the second valve seat enters the valve cavity, increasing the pressure within the cavity. The pressure borne by the first sealing portions of the three first valve seats is the difference between the pressure within the cavity and the pressure at the opening. As the pressure within the cavity increases, the pressure difference across the first sealing portion decreases. A smaller sealing pressure difference helps reduce the sealing burden on the first sealing portion, lowering wear and leakage risks, improving the sealing performance and service life of the four-way valve, and also helping to reduce energy loss throughout the system.

[0015] Optionally, a first sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the first groove and the outer circumferential surface of the first shaft, and a second sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the second groove and the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft.

[0016] The valve stem is fixed in the second shaft, and the valve stem only drives the valve core to rotate, reducing the lateral force transmitted to the valve core by the valve stem when the valve stem drives the valve core to rotate, reducing the local pressure on the valve stem, and reducing the friction on the valve stem, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the valve stem and setting failures, and improving the reliability of the four-way valve switching action.

[0017] Optionally, the valve seat includes a connected valve seat body and a connecting portion, part of the valve seat body is located in the opening, and the connecting portion is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the valve seat body close to the valve core and is sealed with the valve core; the first sealing portion includes a first seal and a second seal, the first seal and the second seal are both provided between the valve seat body and the inner circumferential surface of the opening, the first seal is closer to the valve core than the second seal, a first cavity is constructed between the connecting portion, the valve seat body and the first seal, the first cavity is connected to the valve cavity fluid, and the maximum diameter of the abutment seal between the connecting portion and the valve core is larger than the outer diameter of the valve seat body corresponding to the first cavity.

[0018] In the above solution, since the first cavity is in fluid communication with the valve cavity, the medium pressure in the first cavity is the same as the medium pressure in the valve cavity. Since the connecting portion is sealed with the valve core, the force-bearing area of ​​the connecting portion near the valve core that is subjected to the medium pressure is small. The force-bearing area of ​​the connecting portion near the first cavity that is subjected to the medium pressure is the annular area of ​​the entire connecting portion along the radial direction of the valve seat body. Therefore, the force-bearing area of ​​the connecting portion near the first cavity that is subjected to the medium pressure is greater than the force-bearing area of ​​the connecting portion near the valve core that is subjected to the medium pressure. As a result, the force applied by the medium to the valve seat is always directed toward the valve core, that is, the force applied by the medium pushes the valve seat and the valve core into contact, thereby forming a seal.

[0019] Optionally, the first sealing portion further includes a spring sleeve, which is arranged on the side of the inner circumference of the opening away from the valve core and fixed to the valve body; the first sealing portion further includes a second elastic member and a third elastic member, and along the axial direction of the opening, the second elastic member abuts between the connecting portion and the first sealing member, and the third elastic member abuts between the second sealing member and the spring sleeve.

[0020] In the above solution, the first sealing member and the second sealing member are pressed between the second elastic member and the third elastic member, so that the valve seat always has elastic pre-tightening force in both axial directions, thereby pre-tightening the valve seat and the valve core.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ship, comprising the drainage system described in any of the above embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the pump bodies in the drainage system of this application are connected in parallel;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the pump bodies in the drainage system of this application being connected in series;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pump bodies in the drainage system of this application connected in series and then in parallel;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the four-way valve in this application;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4Magnified view of area E in the middle.

[0028] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0029] 100: Ballast water tank; 101: Water inlet manifold; 102: Drain manifold; 103: Suction port; 104: Discharge port; 105: Filter;

[0030] 201: front end four-way valve; 202: middle four-way valve 1; 203: middle four-way valve 2; 204: rear end four-way valve; 205: first opening; 206: second opening; 207: third opening; 208: fourth opening;

[0031] 301: first pump body; 302: second pump body; 303: third pump body; 304: fourth pump body;

[0032] 401: first on-off valve; 402: first stop check valve; 403: second stop check valve; 404: third stop check valve;

[0033] 501: valve body; 5011: first groove; 502: valve core; 5021: first axis; 5022: second axis; 503: valve seat; 5031: first valve seat; 5032: second valve seat; 5033: valve seat body; 5034: connecting part; 504: first sealing part; 505: valve cover; 5051: second groove; 506: valve stem; 507: first shaft sleeve; 508: second shaft sleeve; 511: first sealing member; 512: second sealing member; 513: first cavity; 514: first elastic member; 515: second elastic member; 516: guide gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary-secondary relationship.

[0036] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0038] The term "and / or" in this application simply describes an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] The term "multiple" used in this application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, the term "multiple groups" refers to more than two (including two) groups, and the term "multiple sheets" refers to more than two (including two) sheets.

[0040] In ship drainage systems, multiple pumps are often connected in series to achieve high-lift drainage. However, if one of the pumps fails, the entire drainage system will be paralyzed, seriously affecting the safety and normal operation of the ship. This not only poses safety risks to the ship due to the inability to drain accumulated water in a timely manner, but also leads to voyage delays and increased operating costs due to drainage system failures and repairs. Therefore, the development of a multi-pump series-parallel drainage system with fault tolerance is of great practical significance. When one of the pumps fails, the system can still maintain a certain drainage capacity, avoiding complete failure of the entire drainage system and ensuring the safety and stable operation of the ship.

[0041] First, reference Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment of the present application provides a drainage system for a ship, the drainage system includes a ballast water tank, a water intake manifold 101, a drainage manifold 102 and a plurality of four-way valves, the water intake manifold 101 has a suction port 103, the suction port 103 is connected to the ballast water tank 100; the drainage manifold 102 has a discharge port 104; each four-way valve includes a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings include a first opening 205, a second opening 206, a third opening 207 and a fourth opening 208, the first opening 205 is connected to one of the second opening 206 and the fourth opening 208, and the third opening 207 is connected to the fourth opening 208. 7 is connected to the other of the second opening 206 and the fourth opening 208, the first opening 205 of each four-way valve is connected to the water inlet main pipe 101, and the fourth opening 208 of each four-way valve is connected to the drainage main pipe 102; wherein, the second opening 206 of the four-way valve at the head end is connected to the third opening 207 of the four-way valve at the tail end through the pump body, the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve is connected to the third opening 207 of the four-way valve adjacent to the front side through the pump body, and the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve is connected to the second opening 206 of the four-way valve adjacent to the rear side through the pump body.

[0042] Specifically, after the water inlet main pipe 101 is connected to the water outlet of the ballast water tank 100, multiple four-way valves are connected to the water inlet main pipe 101 through branch pipes along the fluid flow direction of the water inlet main pipe 101. It should be understood that the head end, middle and tail end, as well as the front side and rear side in this application are only relative, and the position of each four-way valve is not limited to this.

[0043] Taking the drainage system as an example, which includes four four-way valves and four pump bodies, the four pump bodies include a first pump body 301, a second pump body 302, a third pump body 303, and a fourth pump body 304. The four four-way valves are respectively a head-end four-way valve 201, a middle four-way valve 1 202, a middle four-way valve 2 203, and a tail-end four-way valve 204. In this application, the head-end four-way valve may be the head-end four-way valve 201, the middle four-way valve may be the middle four-way valve 1 202 and the middle four-way valve 2 203, and the tail-end four-way valve may be the tail-end four-way valve 204, which will not be described in detail below.

[0044] The first opening 205 of the four four-way valves is directly connected to the drainage main pipe 102. In the clockwise direction, the four openings of the four-way valve are the first opening 205, the second opening 206, the third opening 207 and the fourth opening 208. The first openings 205 of the four four-way valves are all connected to the water inlet main pipe 101, and the fourth openings 208 of the four four-way valves are all connected to the drainage main pipe 102. The second opening 206 of the head end four-way valve 201 is connected to the third opening 207 of the tail end four-way valve 204 through the first pump body 301. The third opening 207 is connected to the second opening 206 of the first intermediate four-way valve 202 through the second pump body 302. The fourth opening 208 of the head-end four-way valve 201 is connected to the main drainage pipe 102. The third opening 207 of the first intermediate four-way valve 202 is connected to the second opening 206 of the second intermediate four-way valve 203 through the third pump body 303. The fourth opening 208 of the first intermediate four-way valve 202 is in communication with the main drainage pipe 102. The third opening 207 of the second intermediate four-way valve 203 is in communication with the second opening 206 of the tail-end four-way valve 204 through the fourth pump body 304. The second intermediate four-way valve 203 is the rear-side adjacent four-way valve of the first intermediate four-way valve 202, while the first intermediate four-way valve 202 is the front-side adjacent four-way valve of the second intermediate four-way valve 203.

[0045] When large head drainage is required, refer to Figure 2 If four pump bodies are required to be connected in series, the water in the ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the head end four-way valve 201 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the head end four-way valve 201, passes through the first pump body 301 and enters the third opening 207 of the tail end four-way valve 204. The third opening 207 is connected to the second opening 206. The fluid entering the tail end four-way valve 204 enters the fourth pump body 304 through the second opening 206. After passing through the fourth pump body 304, the fluid enters the middle four-way valve The fluid passes through the third opening 207 of the second four-way valve 203, and is then discharged to the third pump body 303 through the second opening 206 connected to the third opening 207. After passing through the third pump body 303, the fluid enters the third opening 207 of the intermediate four-way valve 1 202, and is then discharged to the second pump body 302 through the second opening 206 connected to the third opening 207. After passing through the second pump body 302, the fluid enters the third opening 207 of the head-end four-way valve 201, and is then discharged to the drainage main 102 through the fourth opening 208 connected to the third opening 207.

[0046] When high-lift drainage is required, such as when two pumps are required to be connected in series, any two of the four pump bodies can be selected. For example, the first pump body 301 and the fourth pump body 304, as well as the head-end four-way valve 201 and the tail-end four-way valve 204 are selected. The water in the ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the head-end four-way valve 201 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the head-end four-way valve 201, enters the third opening 207 of the tail-end four-way valve 204 through the first pump body 301, then flows out through the second opening 206 of the tail-end four-way valve 204 into the fourth pump body 304, enters the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 203 through the fourth pump body 304, and then is discharged into the drainage main pipe 102 through the fourth opening 208 of the middle four-way valve 203, and then is discharged from the discharge port 104. Of course, any three or four pump bodies can also be selected to be connected in series according to specific needs.

[0047] When large flow drainage is required, refer to Figure 1 If four pumps are required to be connected in parallel, the water in the first ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the head end four-way valve 201 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the head end four-way valve 201, passes through the first pump body 301 and enters the third opening 207 of the tail end four-way valve 204, then flows out through the fourth opening 208 of the tail end four-way valve 204 into the drainage main pipe 102, and then is discharged from the discharge port 104; the water in the second ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the middle four-way valve 202 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve 202, passes through the second pump body 302 and enters the third opening 207 of the head end four-way valve 201, then flows out through the fourth opening 208 of the head end four-way valve 201 into the drainage main pipe 102, and then is discharged from the discharge port 104. Discharge; the water in the third ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the middle four-way valve 2 203 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve 2 203, enters the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 1 202 through the third pump body 303, and then flows out from the fourth opening 208 of the middle four-way valve 1 202 into the drainage main pipe 102, and then is discharged from the discharge outlet 104; the water in the fourth ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the tail end four-way valve 204 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the tail end four-way valve 204, enters the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 2 203 through the fourth pump body 304, and then flows out from the fourth opening 208 of the middle four-way valve 2 203 into the drainage main pipe 102, and then is discharged from the discharge outlet 104.

[0048] When large flow rate drainage is required, if two pumps need to be connected in parallel, any two pump bodies can be selected to be connected in parallel. Exemplarily, the first pump body 301 and the fourth pump body 304 are selected, and the water in the first ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the head end four-way valve 201 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the head end four-way valve 201, enters the third opening 207 of the tail end four-way valve 204 through the first pump body 301, and then flows out from the fourth opening 208 of the tail end four-way valve 204 into the drainage main pipe 102, and is then discharged from the discharge outlet 104; the water in the second ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the tail end four-way valve 204 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the tail end four-way valve 204, enters the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 2 203 through the fourth pump body 304, and then flows out from the fourth opening 208 of the middle four-way valve 203 into the drainage main pipe 102, and is then discharged from the discharge outlet 104. Of course, you can also choose any three pump bodies or four pump bodies to be connected in parallel according to specific needs.

[0049] When both large flow and large head are required, taking four pumps as an example, you can choose to connect two pump bodies in series, and then connect the two pumps in parallel. Figure 3 For example, the first pump body 301 and the fourth pump body 304 are connected in series, the third pump body 303 and the fourth pump body are connected in series, and then the first pump body and the fourth pump body 304 connected in series are connected in parallel with the third pump body 303 and the second pump body 302 connected in series. Specifically, the first route is: the water in the ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the head end four-way valve 201 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the head end four-way valve 201, enters the third opening 207 of the tail end four-way valve 204 through the first pump body 301, and then flows out from the second opening 206 of the tail end four-way valve 204 into the fourth pump body 304, enters the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 203 through the fourth pump body 304, and then is discharged into the drainage main pipe 102 through the fourth opening 208 of the middle four-way valve 203, and then is discharged from the discharge port 104. The second route is: the water in the ballast water tank 100 enters the first opening 205 of the intermediate four-way valve 2 203 through the water inlet main pipe 101, flows out through the second opening 206 of the intermediate four-way valve, passes through the third pump body 303 and enters the third opening 207 of the intermediate four-way valve 1 202, then flows out from the second opening 206 of the intermediate four-way valve 1 202 into the second pump body 302, passes through the second pump body 302 and enters the third opening 207 of the head end four-way valve 201, and then is discharged from the fourth opening 208 of the head end four-way valve 201 into the drainage main pipe 102, and then is discharged from the discharge port 104.

[0050] The drainage system for ships proposed in the embodiments of the present application utilizes a four-way valve to achieve series or parallel connection of multiple pumps. The series and parallel states of the pumps can be flexibly switched according to specific drainage needs. When high-flow drainage is required, the pumps can be conveniently switched to parallel mode; when high-lift drainage tasks are required, the pumps can be switched to series mode. If a pump fails, the pipeline connection can be quickly adjusted to isolate the faulty pump, allowing the other pumps to continue working together. This avoids system crashes caused by a single pump failure, ensuring continuous drainage operations. This significantly improves the reliability of the drainage system under complex working conditions and provides a solid guarantee for the safe navigation of ships.

[0051] In addition, the drainage system of the present application realizes the connection between different pipelines by converting the channels in the four-way valve to connect with different openings, which can reduce the number of valves used. When a pump body fails, the drainage system can continue to operate, thereby improving the reliability of the entire drainage system.

[0052] Optionally, a first on-off valve 401 is provided between the first opening 205 of each four-way valve and the water inlet main pipe 101. The first on-off valve 401 can quickly and accurately realize the opening and closing operation between the water inlet main pipe 101 and the corresponding four-way valve through an electric drive device. Before the drainage system is started, the first on-off valve 401 can ensure that the four-way valve and the water inlet main pipe 101 are in a closed state, preventing water from entering the pump body without control and avoiding damage to the pump body due to the impact of water flow; when the system needs to suspend drainage or carry out maintenance, the first on-off valve 401 quickly cuts off the water flow, providing a safe working environment for maintenance personnel, and preventing accidental spraying of water to cause injury or affect maintenance operations. In addition, when a pump body or related pipeline in the drainage system fails, the first on-off valve 401 can be closed immediately to isolate the faulty part from other normal operating areas. The first on-off valve 401 cooperates with the four-way valve to adjust the series and parallel status of the pump body, which can effectively prevent the fault range from expanding and prevent the fault from affecting other normally working pumps and pipelines, so that maintenance personnel can safely inspect and repair the fault area while ensuring that other parts can still maintain a certain drainage capacity.

[0053] Optionally, a first stop-check valve 402 is disposed between the second opening 206 of the leading four-way valve and the third opening 207 of the trailing four-way valve. The first stop-check valve 402 is configured to allow medium to flow from the second opening 206 of the leading four-way valve to the third opening 207 of the trailing four-way valve. A second stop-check valve 403 is disposed between the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve and the third opening 207 of the front adjacent four-way valve. The second stop-check valve 403 is configured to allow medium to flow from the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve to the third opening 207 of the front adjacent four-way valve. A third stop-check valve 404 is disposed between the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve and the second opening 206 of the rear adjacent four-way valve. The third stop-check valve 404 is configured to allow medium to flow from the second opening 206 of the rear adjacent four-way valve to the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve.

[0054] The first stop-check valve 402, the second stop-check valve 403, and the third stop-check valve 404 all effectively prevent water from flowing back into the pump when it stops operating or malfunctions. In a drainage system, when a pump stops operating due to a malfunction, or when the entire system is shut down, water in the drainage pipeline is prevented from flowing back into the pump, minimizing damage to the pump, such as impeller reversal and impact on internal pump components. This protects the normal structure and performance of the pump and extends its service life. The first stop-check valve 402, the second stop-check valve 403, and the third stop-check valve 404 prevent water from flowing back into the drainage system, helping to maintain stable pressure within the system. This reduces sudden changes in drainage system pressure caused by backflow, thereby minimizing damage to other equipment in the system, such as valves and pipes, caused by pressure fluctuations. This in turn reduces the risk of leaks, loose components, and other failures caused by unstable pressure, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the entire drainage system.

[0055] Specifically, a flow meter is provided on the pipeline between the second opening 206 of the first-end four-way valve 201 and the third opening 207 of the tail-end four-way valve 204, a flow meter is also provided on the pipeline between the third opening 207 of the first-end four-way valve 201 and the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve 1 202, a flow meter is provided on the pipeline between the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 1 202 and the second opening 206 of the middle four-way valve 2 203, and a flow meter is provided on the pipeline between the third opening 207 of the middle four-way valve 2 203 and the second opening 206 of the tail-end four-way valve 204. The design of the flow meter can measure and display the flow rate of water discharged from the pump body in real time, so that the operator can accurately understand the current working status of the drainage system, including whether the expected drainage flow rate is achieved and whether the flow rate is stable. By comparing the flow data under normal working conditions, operators can quickly detect any abnormal flow conditions such as obvious fluctuations, excessive or insufficient flow, and then promptly investigate the causes, such as whether there is a pipe blockage, pump failure, or valve not fully opened, so that appropriate measures can be taken to repair it and avoid further damage to the drainage system.

[0056] Optionally, a filter 105 is provided between the first on-off valve 401 and the suction port 103. The filter 105 is provided on the pipeline from the suction port 103 to the first on-off valve 401. The provision of the filter 105 can reduce the amount of impurities in the fluid that enter the pump body, thereby reducing wear on the pump body. It also reduces the amount of impurities that enter the various valves, thereby reducing water leakage caused by poor sealing of the valves and improving the sealing performance of the valves.

[0057] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The four-way valve includes a valve body, a valve core 502 and a valve seat 503. A valve cavity is provided in the valve body. Along the circumference of the valve body, each opening is connected to the valve cavity; a first channel and a second channel are provided in the valve core 502. The valve core 502 is rotatably provided in the valve cavity so that the first channel connects the first opening 205 with one of the second opening 206 and the fourth opening 208, and the second channel connects the third opening 207 with the other of the second opening 206 and the fourth opening 208; there are four valve seats 503, each valve seat 503 is correspondingly provided at an opening, and each valve seat 503 is sealed with the valve core 502; wherein the four valve seats 503 include a first valve seat 5031 and a second valve seat 5032, and there are three first valve seats 5031. A first sealing portion 504 is provided between each first valve seat 5031 and the corresponding opening, and a flow guide gap 516 is provided between the second valve seat 5032 and the corresponding opening.

[0058] The four-way valve has four openings and four valve seats 503. The openings and valve seats 503 are installed in a one-to-one correspondence and are located in the same plane. The valve core 502 is disposed within the valve cavity and can rotate within the valve cavity. The first channel within the valve core 502 can connect the first opening 205 with the second opening 206, or the first channel connects the first opening 205 with the fourth opening 208, and the second channel connects the third opening 207 with the second opening 206, or the second channel connects the third opening 207 with the fourth opening 208. The four valve seats 503 include three first valve seats 5031 and one second valve seat 5032. A first sealing portion 504 is provided between the first valve seat 5031 and the corresponding opening, and a flow guide gap 516 is provided between the second valve seat 5032 and the corresponding opening. In other words, the first sealing portion 504 is not provided between the second valve seat 5032 and the opening, and the flow-guiding gap 516 is in communication with the valve cavity. Fluid in the opening corresponding to the second valve seat 5032 can enter the valve cavity through the flow-guiding gap 516, thereby making the pressure in the valve cavity equal to the pressure in the second valve seat 5032. With respect to the first valve seat 5031, the pressure borne by the first sealing portion 504 is the difference between the pressure of the medium in the valve cavity and the pressure of the medium at the corresponding opening, which is equivalent to reducing the pressure borne by the first sealing portion 504.

[0059] Because there is no sealing structure between the second valve seat 5032 and the corresponding opening, a flow-guiding gap 516 exists between the second valve seat 5032 and the corresponding opening. Fluid flowing through the second valve seat 5032 enters the valve cavity, increasing the pressure within the valve cavity. The pressure borne by the first sealing portions 504 at the three first valve seats 5031 is the difference between the pressure within the valve cavity and the pressure at the opening. As the pressure within the valve cavity increases, the pressure difference across the first sealing portions 504 decreases. A smaller sealing pressure difference helps reduce the sealing burden on the first sealing portions 504, lowering the risk of wear and leakage on the first sealing portions 504, improving the sealing performance and service life of the four-way valve, and also helping to reduce energy loss throughout the system.

[0060] Optionally, the valve body includes a valve body 501 and a valve cover 505, and the valve body 501 and the valve cover 505 define a valve cavity. Along the axial direction of the valve body 501, the valve body 501 has a first groove 5011, and the valve cover 505 has a second groove 5051. The first groove 5011 and the second groove 5051 are arranged opposite to each other. Along the axial direction of the valve body 501, the valve core 502 has a first axis 5021 and a second axis 5022. The first axis 5021 is rotatably arranged in the first groove 5011, and the second axis 5022 is rotatably arranged in the second groove 5051. The four-way valve also includes a valve stem 506 rotatably connected to the valve cover 505, and the valve stem 506 is connected to the second axis 5022.

[0061] The valve core 502 includes a valve core body 502, a first shaft 5021, and a second shaft 5022. The first shaft 5021 and the second shaft 5022 are disposed on opposite sides of the valve core body 502 along the axial direction of the valve body 501. The first shaft 5021 is received in the first groove 5011, and the second shaft 5022 is received in the second groove 5051. The valve stem 506 is fixedly connected to the second shaft 5022, and the valve stem 506 drives the valve core 502 to rotate.

[0062] In the prior art, the valve stem 506 is used as the second axis 5022 of the valve core 502. Although the structure is simple, when the valve stem 506 drives the valve core 502 to rotate, the valve stem 506 is subjected to the lateral force transmitted to it by the valve core 502, causing the valve stem 506 to tilt on the side close to the valve core 502. The local pressure on the valve stem 506 is increased, and the friction is also large. The valve stem 506 is easily damaged or even malfunctions.

[0063] The valve stem 506 is fixed in the second shaft 5022. The valve stem 506 only drives the valve core 502 to rotate, reducing the lateral force transmitted to it by the valve core 502 when the valve stem 506 drives the valve core 5022 to rotate, reducing the local pressure on the valve stem 506, and reducing the friction force on the valve stem 506, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the valve stem 506 and the occurrence of malfunctions, and improving the reliability of the four-way valve switching action.

[0064] Optionally, a first shaft sleeve 5021 is disposed between the inner wall of the first groove 5011 and the outer circumference of the first shaft 5021, and a second shaft sleeve 5022 is disposed between the inner wall of the second groove 5051 and the outer circumference of the second shaft 5022. The first shaft sleeve 5021 is secured within the first groove 5011, with the first shaft 5021 and the first shaft sleeve 5021 being slidably connected thereto. The second shaft sleeve 5022 is secured within the second groove 5051, with the second shaft 5022 and the second shaft sleeve 5022 being slidably connected thereto. The first shaft sleeve 5021 and the second shaft sleeve 5022 increase the rigidity of the valve core 502 and ensure uniform force distribution between the first and second shafts 5021, 5022, thereby reducing wear.

[0065] Optionally, refer to Figure 5The valve seat 503 includes a connected valve seat body 5033 and a connecting portion 5034. Part of the valve seat body 5033 is located in the opening. The connecting portion 5034 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the valve seat body 5033 close to the valve core 502 and is sealed with the valve core 502; the first sealing portion 504 includes a first sealing member 511 and a second sealing member 512. The first sealing member 511 and the second sealing member 512 are both arranged between the valve seat body 5033 and the inner peripheral surface of the opening. Compared with the second sealing member 512, the first sealing member 511 is closer to the valve core 502. A first cavity 513 is constructed between the connecting portion 5034, the valve seat body 5033 and the first sealing member 511. The first cavity 513 is fluidically connected to the valve cavity. The maximum diameter of the sealing between the connecting portion 5034 and the valve core 502 is greater than the outer diameter of the valve seat body 5033 corresponding to the first cavity 513.

[0066] A first sealing member 511 and a second sealing member 512 are provided between the valve seat body 5033 and the inner circumferential surface of the opening. The first sealing member 511 and the second sealing member 512 can be sealed separately and serve as backup for each other, thereby improving sealing reliability.

[0067] The valve seat body 5033 is partially located within the opening and partially within the valve cavity. The first seal 511 is located near the valve core 502, and a first cavity 513 is formed between the connecting portion 5034, the valve seat body 5033, and the first seal 511. The first cavity 513 is in fluid communication with the valve cavity. In other words, the end face of the first seal 511 near the valve core 502 is in fluid communication with the valve cavity, and the pressure on the end face of the first seal 511 near the valve core 502 is the same as the pressure of the medium in the valve cavity. The end face of the second seal 512 away from the valve core 502 is located within the opening, and the pressure on the end face of the second seal 512 away from the valve core 502 is the same as the pressure of the medium in the valve seat 503. The actual pressure to which the first and second seals 511, 512 are subjected is the difference between the pressure of the medium in the valve seat 503 and the pressure of the medium in the valve cavity. The first and second seals 511, 512 tend to move left and right. In addition, because the first cavity 513 is in fluid communication with the valve cavity, the medium pressure within the first cavity 513 is the same as the medium pressure within the valve cavity. With respect to the valve seat 503, the medium pressure experienced by the valve seat 503 is equal to the pressure difference between the medium pressure on the side of the connection portion 5034 near the valve core 502 and the medium pressure on the side of the connection portion 5034 near the first cavity 513. Because the connection portion 5034 is sealed to the valve core 502, the area of ​​the connection portion 5034 near the valve core 502 that is subjected to the medium pressure is small. The area of ​​the connection portion 5034 near the first cavity 513 that is subjected to the medium pressure is the annular area of ​​the entire connection portion 5034 along the radial direction of the valve seat body 5033. Therefore, the area of ​​the connection portion 5034 near the first cavity 513 that is subjected to the medium pressure is greater than the area of ​​the connection portion 5034 near the valve core 502 that is subjected to the medium pressure.

[0068] When the medium pressure in the valve seat 503 passage is greater than the medium pressure in the valve cavity, the medium pressure difference between the first and second seals 511, 512 pushes the first and second seals 511, 512 toward the valve core 502. The first and second seals 511, 512 press the valve seat 503 toward the valve core 502, maintaining a sealed state between the valve core 502 and the valve seat 503. When the pressure in the valve cavity is greater than the pressure in the valve seat 503 passage, the medium pressure difference between the first and second seals 511, 512 pushes the first and second seals 511, 512 away from the valve core 502, i.e., the first and second seals 511, 512 tend to move away from the valve seat 503. However, for the valve seat 503 itself, the medium force exerted on the valve seat 503 is the pressure difference between the medium pressure on the side of the connecting part 5034 close to the first cavity 513 and the medium pressure on the side of the connecting part 5034 close to the valve core 502. Since the force area of ​​the connecting part 5034 close to the first cavity 513 that is subjected to the medium pressure is larger than the force area of ​​the connecting part 5034 close to the valve core 502, the medium pressure on the side of the connecting part 5034 close to the first cavity 513 is greater than the medium pressure on the side of the connecting part 5034 close to the valve core 502. In other words, the force exerted by the medium on the valve seat 503 is directed toward the valve core 502, that is, the force exerted by the medium pushes the valve seat 503 to abut against the valve core 502, thereby forming a seal.

[0069] In other words, no matter the medium pressure in the valve cavity or the medium pressure in the valve seat 503 channel is high, the medium force will push the valve seat 503 toward the valve core 502 to achieve bidirectional sealing between the valve seat 503 and the valve core 502.

[0070] In order to ensure the sealing reliability between the valve seat body 5033 and the opening, a first sealing ring that abuts against the valve seat body 5033 is embedded in the inner circumference of the first sealing member 511 and the second sealing member 512, and a second sealing ring that abuts against the inner circumference of the opening is embedded in the outer circumference of the first sealing member 511 and the second sealing member 512.

[0071] Optionally, the first sealing portion 504 also includes a spring sleeve, which is arranged on the side of the inner circumference of the opening away from the valve core 502 and is fixed to the valve body 501; the first sealing portion 504 also includes a first elastic member 514 and a second elastic member 515. Along the axial direction of the opening, the first elastic member 514 abuts between the connecting portion 5034 and the first sealing member 511, and the second elastic member 515 abuts between the second sealing member 512 and the spring sleeve.

[0072] The first sealing member 511 and the second sealing member 512 are pressed between the first elastic member 514 and the second elastic member 515, so that the valve seat 503 is constantly subjected to elastic preload in both axial directions, thereby preloading the valve seat 503 and the valve core 502. The initial sealing pressure of the valve seat 503 is established by the spring force of the pre-compressed first and second elastic members 514 and 515. This ensures sufficient sealing pressure between the valve seat 503 and the valve core 502 even under extremely small pressure differentials.

[0073] A force transmission ring is provided axially between the valve seat body 5033 and the spring sleeve. This force transmission ring presses between the second sealing member 512 and the second elastic member 515. The force transmission ring evenly transmits the elastic force of the second elastic member 515 to the second sealing member 512. The force generated by the second elastic member 515 is dispersed across the second sealing member 512 via the force transmission ring, preventing excessive localized force on the second sealing member 512 due to concentrated force. This allows the second sealing member 512 to more evenly withstand the force of the second elastic member 515, ensuring a stable sealing effect.

[0074] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ship, comprising the drainage system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0075] The ship proposed in the embodiments of the present application, including the drainage system described in any of the above embodiments, has the same beneficial effects as the drainage system, which will not be repeated here.

[0076] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0077] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0078] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present application have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and variations shall fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A drainage system for a ship, characterized in that: include: ballast water tanks; a water inlet main pipe having a suction port, the suction port being in communication with the ballast water tank; a drainage main having a discharge outlet; a plurality of four-way valves, each of the four-way valves comprising a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings comprising a first opening, a second opening, a third opening, and a fourth opening, the first opening being in communication with one of the second opening and the fourth opening, the third opening being in communication with the other of the second opening and the fourth opening, the first opening of each of the four-way valves being connected to the water inlet main pipe, and the fourth opening of each of the four-way valves being connected to the drain main pipe; The second opening of the four-way valve at the head end is connected to the third opening of the four-way valve at the tail end through the pump body, the second opening of the middle four-way valve is connected to the third opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the front side through the pump body, and the third opening of the middle four-way valve is connected to the second opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the rear side through the pump body. A first on-off valve is provided between the first opening of each four-way valve and the water inlet main pipe.

2. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter is provided between the first on-off valve and the suction port.

3. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first stop check valve is provided between the second opening of the four-way valve at the head end and the third opening of the four-way valve at the tail end, a second stop check valve is provided between the second opening of the middle four-way valve and the third opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the front side, and a third stop check valve is provided between the third opening of the middle four-way valve and the second opening of the four-way valve adjacent to the rear side.

4. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-way valve includes: A valve body, wherein a valve cavity is provided in the valve body, and along the circumference of the valve body, each of the openings is communicated with the valve cavity; a valve core having a first channel and a second channel therein, the valve core being rotatably disposed in the valve cavity so that the first channel communicates with the first opening and one of the second opening and the fourth opening, and the second channel communicates with the third opening and the other of the second opening and the fourth opening; Valve seats, there are four valve seats, each valve seat is correspondingly arranged at the opening, and each valve seat is sealed with the valve core; The four valve seats include a first valve seat and a second valve seat, there are three first valve seats, a first sealing portion is provided between each first valve seat and the corresponding opening, and a flow guide gap is provided between the second valve seat and the corresponding opening.

5. The drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The valve body includes a valve body and a valve cover, wherein the valve body and the valve cover define the valve cavity. Along the axial direction of the valve body, the valve body has a first groove, and the valve cover has a second groove, the first groove and the second groove are arranged opposite to each other, and along the axial direction of the valve body, the valve core has a first axis and a second axis, the first axis is rotatably arranged in the first groove, and the second shaft is rotatably arranged in the second groove. The four-way valve also includes a valve stem rotatably connected to the valve cover, and the valve stem is connected to the second axis.

6. The drainage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the first groove and the outer circumferential surface of the first shaft, and a second sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the second groove and the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft.

7. The drainage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve seat comprises a connected valve seat body and a connecting portion, wherein a portion of the valve seat body is located in the opening, and the connecting portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the valve seat body close to the valve core and is sealed and connected to the valve core; The first sealing portion includes a first sealing member and a second sealing member. The first sealing member and the second sealing member are both arranged between the valve seat body and the inner circumferential surface of the opening. The first sealing member is closer to the valve core than the second sealing member. A first cavity is constructed between the connecting portion, the valve seat body and the first sealing member. The first cavity is fluidically connected to the valve cavity. The maximum diameter of the abutment seal between the connecting portion and the valve core is greater than the outer diameter of the valve seat body corresponding to the first cavity.

8. The drainage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sealing portion further includes a spring sleeve, which is arranged on a side of the inner circumference of the opening away from the valve core and fixed to the valve body; The first sealing portion further includes a second elastic member and a third elastic member. Along the axial direction of the opening, the second elastic member abuts between the connecting portion and the first sealing member, and the third elastic member abuts between the second sealing member and the spring sleeve.

9. A ship, characterized in that: A drainage system comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

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