Projectile initial disturbance suppression device for electromagnetic rail gun

Abstract

The invention discloses a projectile initial disturbance suppression device for an electromagnetic rail gun. The projectile initial disturbance suppression device comprises an orientator, a muzzle surrounding shell, an arc suppression shell, an insulating spacer and a fastening ring, an insulation bearing space is provided for the shot and the armature at the moment after the shot is out of the chamber through the orientator, under the limiting action of a reducing guide rail and a fastening guide rail in the orientator, the postures of the shot and the armature are restrained, and the angular displacement and the angular speed generated by the shot at the inner ballistic stage are reduced; the arc-extinguishing part and the fastening ring of the arc-extinguishing shell are arranged outside the tapered guide rail and the fastening guide rail in a sleeving mode respectively to provide supporting capacity, the arc-extinguishing part of the arc-extinguishing shell is provided with metal grid pieces and narrow slits, electric arcs generated after the pivot rail is separated can be cut off and led to the outside for combustion, the influence of electric arc combustion and explosion on the moving posture of the projectile is weakened, and the service life of the projectile is prolonged. The fastening ring provides high-strength support for the tail end of the orientator, the reinforcing ribs are used for reinforcing the restraining capacity, the initial disturbance of the projectile is finally controlled within a low range, and the shooting precision of the electromagnetic rail gun is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic rail launch, and particularly relates to a device for suppressing the initial disturbance of projectiles for an electromagnetic railgun. Background Art

[0002] An electromagnetic railgun is a new concept kinetic energy weapon that drives a projectile and an armature to launch through electromagnetic force. Its structure mainly includes a pair of energized rails, a projectile and an armature, an insulating support, and a packaged barrel. By adjusting the current flowing through the rails, ultra-high initial velocity launch can be achieved within a few milliseconds. During the interior ballistic phase of the launch, the rails will be subjected to the combined action of high-overload sliding of the armature and ultra-high-speed movement of the load, resulting in dynamic responses such as deformation, vibration, and resonance. The deterioration of the pivot-rail contact performance will cause the armature to sway in the rails, and the projectile directly pushed by the armature will generate initial disturbances such as angular displacement and angular velocity. In addition, at the moment when the armature separates from the rails, the residual electrical energy in the rails will be released at the muzzle in the form of an arc, and the combustion and electro-explosion of the arc will also affect the movement attitude of the projectile at the muzzle.

[0003] Currently, electromagnetic railguns mainly launch unguided projectiles. The initial disturbances at ultra-high initial velocities will cause the flight attitude of unguided projectiles to converge slowly or even be difficult to converge, restricting the shooting accuracy of electromagnetic railguns. Although there are currently muzzle disturbance correction methods for conventional artillery, due to different sources of initial disturbances, they cannot meet the usage requirements of electromagnetic railguns. Regarding the problem of suppressing the muzzle arc of electromagnetic railguns, Chinese patents CN108955369A, CN113237381A, and CN114963857A have successively disclosed three different structures of muzzle arc suppression devices, which can suppress the generation of arcs to a certain extent, but none of them have conducted in-depth research on the muzzle attitude constraint of electromagnetic launched projectiles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for suppressing the initial disturbance of projectiles for an electromagnetic railgun, which reduces the angular displacement and angular velocity generated by the projectile during the interior ballistic phase, weakens the influence of the arc combustion and explosion on the movement attitude of the projectile after the pivot-rail separation, suppresses the initial disturbance of the projectile at the muzzle, controls the angular initial velocity and initial angular displacement of the projectile within a lower range, and improves the shooting accuracy of the electromagnetic railgun.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions: A device for suppressing the initial disturbance of projectiles for an electromagnetic railgun includes an orientator, a muzzle enclosure, an arc suppression shell, an insulating gasket, and a fastening ring;

[0006] The muzzle enclosure shell, arc extinguishing shell, insulating gasket, and fastening ring are successively sleeved on the outside of the orientator along the firing direction. The orientator includes a connecting part, a tapered guide rail, and a fastening guide rail. The outer surface around the connecting part is connected to the inner wall surface of the muzzle enclosure shell. The limiting plate at the starting end of the connecting part and the muzzle enclosure shell jointly enclose the end barrel of the electromagnetic railgun. An upper connecting groove and a lower connecting groove are opened inside the connecting part. The end of the positive rail of the electromagnetic railgun is connected to the upper contact end of the arc extinguishing shell and fixed in the upper connecting groove. The end of the negative rail of the electromagnetic railgun is connected to the lower contact end of the arc extinguishing shell and fixed in the lower connecting groove. The tapered guide rails are a pair of guide rails symmetrically placed with respect to the longitudinal section of the barrel. Its starting end is fixedly connected to the connecting part. The fastening guide rails are a pair of symmetrical guide rails extending from the end of the tapered guide rails. The inner cavity formed by the tapered guide rails and the inner cavity formed by the fastening guide rails are connected to each other and are used to carry and constrain the movement of the projectile and the armature. The arc extinguishing shell and the fastening ring are respectively sleeved outside the tapered guide rails and the fastening guide rails. The insulating gasket is clamped between the arc extinguishing shell and the fastening ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the orientator is made of insulating material. The caliber of the inner cavity formed by the two tapered guide rails gradually decreases from the starting end along the firing direction. The caliber of the inner cavity at the end is the firing caliber, and the caliber of the inner cavity at the starting end is slightly larger than the firing caliber. The caliber of the inner cavity formed by the two fastening guide rails is the same as the firing caliber.

[0008] Furthermore, the two guide rails of the tapered guide rails each have insulating bosses on the upper and lower surfaces. The distance between the insulating bosses of the two tapered guide rails is greater than the distance between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails. According to the projectile initial disturbance suppression device described in the claim, it is characterized in that: the arc extinguishing shell is made of metal and includes an upper contact end, a lower contact end, and an arc extinguishing part. The arc extinguishing part has metal grid sheets arranged perpendicular to the firing direction. The head of the metal grid sheet is embedded between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails, and a predetermined gap is reserved between the head and the inner surface of the edge. The bottom of the metal grid sheet is embedded between the insulating bosses of the two tapered guide rails, and there is a narrow gap between adjacent metal grid sheets.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the fastening ring have reinforcing ribs. The reinforcing ribs are embedded between the guide rail edges of the two fastening guide rails and are flush with the inner surface of the edge.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are:

[0011] 1. The whole of the present invention is installed at the end of the barrel of the electromagnetic railgun. Through the designed orientator, an insulated bearing space is provided for the projectile and the armature immediately after they leave the barrel. Under the limiting action of the tapered guide rails and the fastening guide rails of the orientator, the attitude of the projectile and the armature can be constrained, and the angular displacement and angular velocity generated by the projectile in the interior ballistic stage can be reduced.

[0012] 2. The arc extinguishing housing designed by the present invention is sleeved outside the tapered guide rail of the orientator and has metal grid plates and narrow slits. While providing support for the orientator, it can cut off the arc generated after the pivot rail separation and lead it to the outside for combustion, weakening the influence of arc combustion and explosion on the motion attitude of the projectile.

[0013] 3. The fastening ring designed by the present invention is sleeved outside the fastening guide rail of the orientator to provide high-strength support. The reinforcing ribs it has are embedded in the hollow part of the fastening guide rail to enhance the restraint ability, control the angular initial velocity and initial angular displacement of the projectile within a lower range, further suppress the initial disturbance of the projectile, and improve the shooting accuracy of the electromagnetic railgun. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional explosion diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the orientator of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc extinguishing housing of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the track connection of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation and application of the present invention.

[0021] Wherein: 1 - orientator; 2 - muzzle enclosure; 3 - arc extinguishing housing; 4 - insulating gasket; 5 - fastening ring; 11 - connecting part; 12 - tapered guide rail; 13 - fastening guide rail; 14 - limiting plate; 15 - upper connecting groove; 16 - lower connecting groove; 17 - insulating boss; 31 - upper contact end; 32 - lower connecting end; 33 - arc extinguishing part; 34 - metal grid plate; 51 - reinforcing rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] A device for suppressing the initial disturbance of a projectile for an electromagnetic railgun according to the present invention includes an orientator 1, a muzzle enclosure 2, an arc extinguishing housing 3, an insulating gasket 4, and a fastening ring 5;

[0023] The muzzle enclosing shell 2, arc extinguishing shell 3, insulating gasket 4 and fastening ring 5 are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the director 1 along the firing direction. The director 1 includes a connecting part 11, a tapered guide rail 12 and a fastening guide rail 13. The outer surface around the connecting part (11) is connected to the inner wall surface of the muzzle enclosing shell 2. The limiting plate 14 at the starting end of the connecting part (11) and the muzzle enclosing shell 2 jointly enclose the end barrel of the electromagnetic railgun. An upper connecting groove (15) and a lower connecting groove 16 are formed inside the connecting part 11. The end of the positive rail of the electromagnetic railgun is connected to the upper contact end 31 of the arc extinguishing shell 3 and fixed in the upper connecting groove 15. The end of the negative rail of the electromagnetic railgun is connected to the lower contact end 32 of the arc extinguishing shell 3 and fixed in the lower connecting groove 16. The tapered guide rails 12 are a pair of guide rails symmetrically placed with respect to the longitudinal section of the barrel. Its starting end is fixedly connected to the connecting part 11. The fastening guide rails 13 are a pair of symmetric guide rails extending from the ends of the tapered guide rails 12. The inner cavities formed by the tapered guide rails 12 and the inner cavities formed by the fastening guide rails 13 are connected to each other, and are used to carry and restrict the movement of the projectile and the armature. The arc extinguishing shell 3 and the fastening ring 5 are respectively sleeved outside the tapered guide rails 12 and the fastening guide rails 13, providing support for the director 1. The insulating gasket 4 is sandwiched between the arc extinguishing shell 4 and the fastening ring 5, and is used to isolate electrical contact.

[0024] The director 1 is made of insulating material. The caliber of the inner cavity formed by the two tapered guide rails 12 gradually decreases from the starting end along the firing direction. The caliber of the inner cavity at the end is the firing caliber, and the caliber of the inner cavity at the starting end is slightly larger than the firing caliber. The caliber of the inner cavity formed by the two fastening guide rails 13 is the same as the firing caliber.

[0025] Both the upper and lower surfaces of the two guide rails of the tapered guide rail 12 have insulating bosses 17. The distance between the insulating bosses 17 of the two tapered guide rails 12 is greater than the distance between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails 12.

[0026] The arc extinguishing shell 3 is made of metal and includes an upper contact end 31, a lower contact end 32 and an arc extinguishing part 33. The arc extinguishing part 33 has metal grid sheets 34 arranged perpendicular to the firing direction. The heads of the metal grid sheets 34 are embedded between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails 12, used to attract and cut off the arc, and a predetermined gap is reserved between the head and the inner surface of the edge. The bottom of the metal grid sheet (34) is embedded between the insulating bosses 17 of the two tapered guide rails 12, providing support for the edges of the tapered guide rails 12. There are narrow gaps between adjacent metal grid sheets 34, leading the cut-off arc to the outside for combustion.

[0027] The inner surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the fastening ring 5 have reinforcing ribs 51. The reinforcing ribs 51 are embedded between the guide rail edges of the two fastening guide rails 13 and are flush with the inner surface of the edge, used to enhance the constraint ability on the projectile and the armature after arc extinguishing.

[0028] The positive electrode track and the negative electrode track are carriers for transmitting current and bearing the movement of the armature within the barrel of the electromagnetic railgun. The upper track and the lower track are symmetrically arranged with respect to the horizontal symmetry plane of the barrel. The positive electrode track and the negative electrode track do not belong to the components of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that certain words related to directions and spatial positions are for the purpose of facilitating the establishment of a clear expression logic and simplifying the associated description of technical features, and do not constitute a restrictive requirement for the actual spatial layout of related components. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0031] This embodiment provides a device for suppressing the initial perturbation of a projectile for an electromagnetic railgun, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown. The device for suppressing the initial perturbation of the projectile includes a director 1, a muzzle enclosure 2, an arc extinguishing shell 3, an insulating gasket 4, and a fastening ring 5. As Figure 3 、 Figure 7 shown, the director 1 of the device for suppressing the initial perturbation of the projectile is divided into a connecting portion 11, a tapered guide rail 12, and a fastening guide rail 13. The outer surface around the connecting portion 11 is connected to the inner wall surface of the muzzle enclosure 2. The limiting plate 14 at the starting end of the connecting portion 1 and the muzzle enclosure 2 jointly enclose the end barrel. As Figure 3 、 Figure 6 shown, an upper connecting groove 15 and a lower connecting groove 16 are formed inside the connecting portion 11. The end of the positive electrode track is connected to the upper contact end 31 of the arc extinguishing shell 3 and fixed in the upper connecting groove 15. The end of the negative electrode track is connected to the lower contact end 32 of the arc extinguishing shell 3 and fixed in the lower connecting groove 16. As Figure 3 shown, the arc extinguishing shell 3 and the fastening ring 5 are sequentially sleeved outside the tapered guide rail 12 and the fastening guide rail 13 along the firing direction to provide support for the director. The insulating gasket 4 is sandwiched between the arc extinguishing shell 3 and the fastening ring 5 for insulating electrical contact.

[0032] As Figure 4As shown, the director 1 is made of insulating material. The caliber of the inner cavity formed by the tapered guide rail 12 gradually decreases from the starting end along the firing direction. The caliber of the inner cavity at the starting end is slightly larger than the firing caliber, leaving a margin for the disturbances that already exist at the end of the barrel for the projectile. The caliber of the inner cavity at the end is the firing caliber. The caliber of the inner cavity formed by the fastening guide rail 13 is the same as the firing caliber. The insulating bosses 17 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the tapered guide rail 12. The distance between the insulating bosses 17 of the two tapered guide rails 12 is greater than the distance between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails 12. In this embodiment, the distance between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails 12 is 80% of the width of the armature, and the distance between the insulating bosses 17 of the two tapered guide rails 12 is equal to the width of the armature.

[0033] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the arc extinguishing shell 3 is made of metal and includes an upper contact end 31, a lower contact end 32 and an arc extinguishing part 33. The arc extinguishing part 33 has metal grid pieces 34 arranged perpendicular to the firing direction. The heads of the metal grid pieces 34 are embedded between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails 12 for attracting and cutting off the electric arc, and a predetermined gap is reserved between the heads and the inner surfaces of the edges to avoid direct contact with the armature. The bottoms of the metal grid pieces 34 are embedded between the insulating bosses 17 of the two tapered guide rails 12 to provide support for the edges of the tapered guide rails 12. There are narrow gaps between adjacent metal grid pieces 34 to lead the cut-off electric arc to the outside for combustion.

[0034] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the inner surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the fastening ring 5 have reinforcing ribs 51. The reinforcing ribs 51 are embedded between the guide rail edges symmetric about the vertical symmetry plane of the barrel in the fastening guide rail 13 and are flush with the inner surfaces of the edges for strengthening the restraining ability on the projectile and the armature after arc extinguishing.

[0035] Figure 7 This is the installation and application schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the muzzle enclosing shell 2 and the end barrel are connected by stud bolts, so as to integrally install the projectile initial disturbance suppression device at the muzzle. In this embodiment, the director 1 and the arc extinguishing shell 3, and the director 1 and the fastening ring 5 are all connected by stud bolts. It should be noted that the outer shapes of the muzzle enclosing shell 2, the arc extinguishing shell 3 and the fastening ring 5 are not limited to the shapes shown in the figure, and changing their outer shapes does not affect the principle of the present invention.

[0036] The specific working process and technical effects provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below: At the end stage of the launch of the electromagnetic railgun, the head of the projectile reaches the end of the barrel and is about to enter the semi-constrained period. At this time, the projectile already has a certain angular displacement and angular velocity. Then, the head of the projectile exits the barrel and enters the tapered guide rail 12 of the orientator 1. The entrance of the tapered guide rail 12 leaves a margin for the generated disturbances. The arc extinguishing part 33 in the arc extinguishing shell 3 provides support for the tapered guide rail 12. Under the constraint and limiting action of the tapered guide rail 12, the angular displacement and angular velocity of the projectile gradually decrease. After the armature is separated from the rail, it is also first subjected to the constraint and limiting action of the tapered guide rail 12. At this time, an arc already exists between the just-separated armature and the rail. As the armature moves in the tapered guide rail 12, the arc is attracted and cut off by the metal grid 34 of the arc extinguishing part 33 in the arc extinguishing shell 3, and then is led to the outside for combustion in the form of a short arc under the action of the narrow slit between the metal grids 34, thereby weakening the influence of the arc combustion and explosion on the motion attitude of the projectile. Finally, the projectile and the arc-extinguished armature enter the fastening guide rail 13 of the orientator 1 successively and are subjected to the constraint and limiting action of the fastening guide rail 13. The fastening ring 5 provides high-strength support for the fastening guide rail 13, and the reinforcing ribs 51 on its upper and lower inner surfaces strengthen the constraint ability on the armature, further suppressing the initial disturbance of the projectile, controlling the angular initial velocity and initial angular displacement of the projectile within a lower range, and improving the shooting accuracy of the electromagnetic railgun.

[0037] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A projectile initial disturbance suppression device for an electromagnetic rail gun, characterized in that: It comprises a director (1), a muzzle surrounding shell (2), an arc extinguishing shell (3), an insulating gasket (4) and a fastening ring (5); The muzzle surrounding shell (2), the arc extinguishing shell (3), the insulating gasket (4) and the fastening ring (5) are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the orienter (1) along the firing direction, wherein the orienter (1) comprises a connecting portion (11), a tapered guide rail (12) and a fastening guide rail (13), the outer surface around the connecting portion (11) is connected to the inner wall surface of the muzzle surrounding shell (2), the limiting plate (14) at the starting end of the connecting portion (11) and the muzzle surrounding shell (2) together surround the end barrel of the electromagnetic rail gun, the connecting portion (11) is provided with an upper connecting groove (15) and a lower connecting groove (16), the end of the positive pole track of the electromagnetic rail gun is connected to the upper contact end (31) of the arc extinguishing shell (3) and fixed to the upper connecting groove (16). 15), the end of the negative pole track of the electromagnetic rail gun is connected to the lower contact end (32) of the arc extinguishing shell (3) and fixed in the lower connecting groove (16), the tapered guide rail (12) is a pair of guide rails symmetrically placed with respect to the longitudinal section of the barrel, and the starting end thereof is fixedly connected to the connecting portion (11), the fastening guide rail (13) is a pair of symmetrical guide rails extending from the end of the tapered guide rail (12), the inner cavity formed by the tapered guide rail (12) and the inner cavity formed by the fastening guide rail (13) are connected, and are used to carry and constrain the movement of the projectile and the armature, the arc extinguishing shell (3) and the fastening ring (5) are respectively placed outside the tapered guide rail (12) and the fastening guide rail (13), and the insulating gasket (4) is sandwiched between the arc extinguishing shell (3) and the fastening ring (5).

2. The projectile initial disturbance suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orienter (1) is made of insulating material. The diameter of the inner cavity formed by the two tapered guide rails (12) gradually decreases from the starting end along the launch direction. The diameter of the inner cavity at the end is the launch diameter. The diameter of the inner cavity at the starting end is slightly larger than the launch diameter. The diameter of the inner cavity formed by the two fastening guide rails (13) is the same as the launch diameter.

3. The projectile initial disturbance suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two guide rails of the tapered guide rail (12) are provided with insulating bosses (17) on the upper and lower surfaces, and the distance between the insulating bosses (17) of the two tapered guide rails (12) is greater than the distance between the guide rail edges of the two tapered guide rails (12).

4. The projectile initial disturbance suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing shell (3) is made of metal, and comprises an upper contact end (31), a lower contact end (32) and an arc-extinguishing portion (33); the arc-extinguishing portion (33) has a metal grid (34) arranged perpendicular to the emission direction; the head of the metal grid (34) is embedded between the edges of two tapered guide rails (12), and a predetermined gap is retained between the head and the inner surface of the edge; the bottom of the metal grid (34) is embedded between the insulating bosses (17) of the two tapered guide rails (12), and a narrow gap exists between adjacent metal grids (34).

5. The projectile initial disturbance suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surfaces of the upper and lower sides of the fastening ring (5) are provided with reinforcing ribs (51), and the reinforcing ribs (51) are embedded between the guide rail edges of the two fastening guide rails (13) and are flush with the inner surfaces of the edges.

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