Cable well lid movement damage sensing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable well lid moving damage sensing device which comprises a well way, a well lid body is connected to the well way, a mounting cavity located below the well lid body is formed in the well way, a sensing assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity, and a light sensing unit is arranged on the side, close to the well lid body, of the sensing assembly. According to the well lid, the light sensing unit is used for monitoring light source signals in the well, the well lid body and the well are fixedly connected, so that light source shielding can be conducted on the well, the dark environment in the well is guaranteed, and when gaps (damage, well lid body deviation and well lid body theft) are generated between the well lid body and the well, the well lid body can be prevented from being damaged. An external light source can enter the hoistway, and the light sensing unit can detect a light source signal entering the hoistway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of manhole covers, and in particular to a mobile damage perception device for cable manhole covers. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization process in China, the urban cable rate has been continuously increasing. The method of laying underground cables for power transmission has many advantages such as not occupying ground space and not affecting the beauty of urban construction. However, with the increasing number and widespread distribution of distribution network power wells, power manhole covers are prone to being damaged or stolen, which will cause inestimable losses to the power grid, equipment, and personnel.

[0003] For example, the publication number "CN216739946U" discloses "an installation structure for a manhole cover at a drainage pipe opening for municipal engineering". The present utility model discloses an installation structure for a manhole cover at a drainage pipe opening for municipal engineering, which relates to the technical field of municipal drainage, and includes a road crossing main body, a convex edge, a monitoring component, and a sliding convex block. The upper surface of the road crossing main body is fixedly connected with a convex edge, the bottom surface of the inner wall of the convex edge is fixedly connected with a solar panel, the upper surface of the solar panel is fixedly connected with a monitoring component, and a vertical sliding groove is opened on the inner wall of the convex edge. However, in actual applications, due to the use of a monitoring component, the monitoring cost is too high, and it is impossible to timely detect the damage, displacement, etc. of the manhole cover caused by passing vehicles, which is not conducive to timely eliminating the influence of damage and displacement during driving. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problems in the prior art mentioned in the background art, namely, the monitoring cost is too high and the detection surface is relatively narrow, the present invention provides a mobile damage perception device for cable manhole covers, which can reduce the monitoring cost and can effectively monitor various situations such as theft, damage, and displacement of the manhole cover body in a timely manner.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A cable manhole cover movement and damage perception device includes a wellbore, a manhole cover body is connected to the wellbore, an installation cavity is arranged in the wellbore below the manhole cover body, a perception component is arranged in the installation cavity, and a light sensing unit is arranged on one side of the perception component close to the manhole cover body. In this application, the light source signal inside the wellbore is monitored by using the light sensing unit. Since the manhole cover body is fixedly connected to the wellbore, the wellbore can be blocked by the light source, thus ensuring the dim environment inside the wellbore. When there is a gap (damage, offset of the manhole cover body, theft of the manhole cover body) between the manhole cover body and the wellbore, the external light source can enter the wellbore, and the light sensing unit can detect the light source signal entering the wellbore. Since the entry of the light source signal caused by the damage, offset, or theft of the manhole cover body occurs instantaneously, the change speed of the light source signal monitored by the light sensing signal can also be analyzed. At the same time, it can be judged whether the manhole cover body is stolen and causes no blockage of the entire wellbore and a significant increase in the light entry amount according to the change amount of the light source signal; when the manhole cover body only has damage or offset, the increase in the light entry amount is significantly less than the light entry amount when the manhole cover body is stolen; it can improve the detection accuracy, and only monitor through the light sensing unit, reducing the cost.

[0007] Preferably, the perception component includes a storage groove, a magnetic attraction plate is movably connected in the storage groove, the light sensing unit is arranged on one side of the magnetic attraction plate close to the manhole cover body. When the manhole cover body is connected to the wellbore, the manhole cover body generates a magnetic attraction force on the magnetic attraction plate to drive the magnetic attraction plate close to the manhole cover body. When the manhole cover body is separated from the wellbore, the magnetic attraction plate falls back. The magnetic attraction plate can generate a magnetic attraction force on the manhole cover body. The manhole cover body is made of cast iron structure, and the magnetic attraction plate can be set as a magnetic attraction material to achieve the adsorption effect of the magnetic attraction plate on the manhole cover body. Or a magnetic attraction unit can be arranged on the manhole cover body to achieve the adsorption effect on the magnetic attraction plate. When the manhole cover body is placed on the wellbore, the magnetic attraction plate adsorbs the manhole cover body upward, and the magnetic attraction plate is closest to the notch of the storage groove to the greatest extent. When the manhole cover body is stolen or there is a large area of damage to the manhole cover body, the magnetic attraction plate cannot generate a strong adsorption force on the manhole cover body. Under the influence of gravity, the magnetic attraction plate falls back to the bottom of the storage groove, resulting in a weakening of the received light source signal, and then a dynamic change in the light source signal: no light - instantaneous enhancement of the light source signal - gradual weakening of the light source signal. Therefore, when the light source signal monitored by the light sensing unit is such a signal, it means that the manhole cover body is stolen or there is a large area of damage to the manhole cover body. On the contrary, if the light sensing unit only receives a suddenly enhanced light source signal and then remains stable, it can be judged that there is light leakage caused by minor damage to the manhole cover body; or there is edge light leakage caused by misalignment between the manhole cover body and the wellbore; or the connection part between the edge of the manhole cover body and the wellbore is damaged. Therefore, the severity of the abnormal state of the manhole cover can be judged through the movably connected magnetic attraction plate.

[0008] Preferably, the magnetic attraction plate is connected with a hinged connecting rod, the hinged connecting rod is connected with a transmission rod, the hinged connecting rod rotates to drive the transmission rod to rotate synchronously. When the magnetic attraction plate falls back, the magnetic attraction plate drives the hinged connecting rod to rotate. A light shielding plate is connected to the transmission rod, and the hinged connecting rod drives the transmission rod and the light shielding plate to contract towards the center of the magnetic attraction plate. The magnetic attraction plate is connected with the hinged connecting rod. During the lifting and lowering process of the magnetic attraction plate, the hinged connecting rod can be driven to rotate. And a transmission rod is connected to the hinged connecting rod. The connection between the hinged connecting rod and the transmission rod is set as a fixed connection, so that the hinged connecting rod can drive the transmission rod to rotate synchronously during the rotation process, so that the transmission rod drives the light shielding plate to contract and expand towards both sides of the magnetic attraction plate. Since the contraction and expansion of the light shielding plate are both driven by the lifting and lowering of the magnetic attraction plate, it will not interfere with the movement of the magnetic attraction plate. When the magnetic attraction plate falls back, the light shielding plate contracts. When the magnetic attraction plate rises, the light shielding plate expands. Therefore, when the magnetic attraction plate falls back, the contraction of the light shielding plate will block the light. When the sun shines vertically, under the contraction of the light shielding plate, it can ensure that the light source signal received by the light sensing unit gradually decreases until it disappears, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring. Avoid that even when the light sensing unit falls back to the bottom of the storage groove with the magnetic attraction plate under direct sunlight, it is still irradiated, so as to ensure the accuracy of detection and ensure that the light sensing unit can monitor the changing light source signal as the magnetic attraction plate falls back.

[0009] Preferably, a magnetic attraction unit capable of adsorbing the magnetic attraction plate is arranged on the well cover body. Arranging the magnetic attraction unit on the well cover body can adsorb the magnetic attraction plate to ensure that the magnetic attraction plate remains in the position closest to the well cover body.

[0010] Preferably, the well passage is connected with an electromagnetic coil. When the well cover body is arranged in the well passage, the well cover body generates a magnetic attraction force. Connecting the electromagnetic coil to the well passage. Since the well cover body itself is made of cast iron, when the well cover body is located inside the electromagnetic coil, it can form an electromagnet with the electromagnetic coil and generate a magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction plate. And when the well cover body is taken away or damaged, the magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction plate will change, causing the magnetic attraction plate to fall back completely or partially. Further, a proximity switch is arranged on the magnetic attraction plate, which can analyze the damage or theft situation of the well cover body by comprehensively considering the change of the light source signal received by the light sensing unit and the position change monitored by the proximity switch, so as to improve the accuracy of detection.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of storage grooves are arranged, and magnetic attraction plates are arranged in each storage groove. Arranging a plurality of storage grooves can improve the accuracy and uniformity of detection.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic attraction plate is connected with two groups of articulated connecting rods. The two groups of articulated connecting rods are arranged on both sides of the magnetic attraction plate. Transmission gears are connected to the joints of the articulated connecting rods and the transmission rod on both sides, and the transmission gears on both sides are meshed. By arranging two groups of articulated connecting rods, the uniformity can be maintained during the movement of the magnetic attraction plate. At the same time, a transmission gear is connected to the joint of the articulated connecting rod and the transmission rod on one side. Since the transmission gears on both sides are meshed with each other, the actions of the articulated connecting rods and the transmission rods on both sides can be synchronized, ensuring the stable fall of the magnetic attraction plate. Preferably, the transmission gear is set as a semi-gear structure. Since the transmission gears are meshed with each other in opposite directions, the transmission gears tend to move downward under normal circumstances. Therefore, when the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction plate is lost or reduced, the magnetic attraction plate can be quickly driven to fall back.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting plate is arranged in the storage groove. The mounting plate supports and abuts against the light-shielding plate. The light-shielding plate is hinged to the transmission rod. When the articulated connecting rod drives the transmission rod and the light-shielding plate to expand towards the side of the magnetic attraction plate, the light-shielding plate remains in contact with the mounting plate and adaptively rotates relative to the transmission rod. By arranging a mounting plate in the storage groove and arranging the magnetic attraction plate in the mounting plate, it can be ensured that the light source signal can only enter from the notch position of the storage groove, ensuring the shielding of the light source signal. Further, the light-shielding plate is arranged to abut against the mounting plate, and the light-shielding plate is also hinged to the transmission rod. Therefore, two fulcrums are formed on the light-shielding plate. One fulcrum (mounting plate) remains fixed, and the other fulcrum (transmission rod) moves synchronously with the light-shielding plate. During the expansion of the light-shielding plate, it will gradually tilt as the light-shielding plate expands continuously, thereby reducing the space required to accommodate the expansion of the light-shielding plate, further reducing the notch size of the storage groove, avoiding the entry of scattered light, and improving the adaptive stability of the light-shielding plate during the contraction and expansion process.

[0014] Preferably, the sensing component includes a buffer seat and a fixed seat. The fixed seat is fixedly connected to the wellbore. An elastic member is arranged between the buffer seat and the fixed seat. A pressing plate is arranged on one side of the manhole cover body close to the buffer seat. The pressing plate abuts against the buffer seat. A pressure detection unit is arranged between the buffer seat and the fixed seat. By arranging the buffer seat and the fixed seat and arranging an elastic member between them, the buffer seat can move relative to the fixed seat. A pressure detection unit is arranged between the buffer seat and the fixed seat. When the concrete layer or asphalt layer fixing the manhole cover body is cracked, the manhole cover body will float up and down during the passing of vehicles, and then drive the pressing plate to form a floating and changing extrusion effect on the buffer seat, rather than a constant extrusion effect on the buffer seat when the manhole cover body is in a fixed state, thereby triggering the pressure detection unit to perform pressure detection. The pressure detection unit is used in cooperation with the light sensing unit to ensure the detection accuracy of the damage of the manhole cover and avoid the situation where the manhole cover body is loose but does not shift and can be monitored by the pressure detection unit.

[0015] Preferably, a movement detection unit is provided on one side of the manhole cover body close to the well passage, and the movement detection unit moves synchronously with the manhole cover body. The movement sensor is used to detect the tilt state of the manhole cover, and an illuminance warning threshold for the movement and damage of the manhole cover is set. Using the historical data of the movement detection unit, analyze the vibration impact of different tonnage trucks driving normally on the road surface on the manhole cover body, predict and analyze the maximum amplitude brought by the fully loaded train to the manhole cover body, and set it as the movement warning threshold for the movement and damage of the manhole cover. When the movement exceeds the movement warning threshold, a warning of the movement and damage of the manhole cover is issued.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) It can improve the monitoring of the manhole cover body under various abnormal conditions, and at the same time can analyze the specific abnormal conditions of the manhole cover body according to the change of the light source signal, improving the accuracy of detection; (2) By setting a retractable light shielding plate, it can avoid the inability to generate a change in the received light source signal due to the lifting of the magnetic attraction plate under direct sunlight, improve the accuracy of detection, and at the same time prevent the light sensing unit from being exposed to sunlight for a long time; (3) Through the combination of the light sensing unit, the pressure detection unit, and the movement detection unit for comprehensive detection, the detection effect is more accurate, and the state of the manhole cover body can be monitored from all angles, avoiding monitoring dead angles. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the sensing component in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the interior of the storage groove in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2.

[0021] Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the buffer seat in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 is an axonometric view of the movement detection unit in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1 Well passage, 11 Cement sealing layer, 12 Asphalt stone layer; 2 Manhole cover body, 21 Pressing plate, 22 Inner limiting cylinder; 3 Installation cavity, 31 Installation cylinder; 4 Sensing component, 41 storage groove, 42 magnetic attraction plate, 43 articulated connecting rod, 431 upper connecting rod, 432 lower connecting rod, 44 transmission rod, 45 light shielding plate, 46 transmission gear, 47 mounting plate, 48 buffer seat, 481 fixed hinge seat, 482 connecting rod, 49 fixed seat, 491 annular groove; 5 Abnormal movement detection unit; 6 Electromagnetic coil. Specific implementation mode

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 shown, a cable manhole cover movement and damage sensing device includes a wellbore 1, a manhole cover body 2 is connected to the wellbore 1, an installation cavity 3 is arranged in the wellbore 1 and is located below the manhole cover body 2, a sensing component 4 is arranged in the installation cavity 3, and a light sensing unit is arranged on one side of the sensing component 4 close to the manhole cover body 2. In this application, the light source signal inside the wellbore 1 is monitored by using the light sensing unit. Since the manhole cover body 2 and the wellbore 1 are fixedly connected, the wellbore 1 can be shielded from light, so as to ensure the dim environment inside the wellbore 1. When a gap (damage, offset of the manhole cover body 2, theft of the manhole cover body 2) occurs between the manhole cover body 2 and the wellbore 1, external light sources can enter the wellbore 1, and the light sensing unit can detect the light source signal entering the wellbore 1. Since the entry of the light source signal caused by the damage, offset, or theft of the manhole cover body 2 occurs instantaneously, the change speed of the light source signal monitored by the light sensing signal can also be analyzed. At the same time, it can be judged whether the manhole cover body 2 is stolen and causes no shielding of the entire wellbore 1 and a significant increase in the light entry amount according to the change amount of the light source signal; when only the manhole cover body 2 is damaged or offset, the increase in the light entry amount is significantly less than the light entry amount when the manhole cover body 2 is stolen; it can improve the detection accuracy, and only monitor through the light sensing unit, reducing the cost.

[0026] As Figure 2As shown, the sensing component 4 includes a storage groove 41, in which a magnetic attraction plate 42 is movably connected. The light sensing unit is arranged on the side of the magnetic attraction plate 42 close to the well cover body 2. When the well cover body 2 is connected to the well shaft 1, the well cover body 2 generates a magnetic attraction force on the magnetic attraction plate 42 to drive the magnetic attraction plate 42 to approach the well cover body 2. When the well cover body 2 is separated from the well shaft 1, the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back. The magnetic attraction plate 42 can generate a magnetic attraction force on the well cover body 2. Among them, the well cover body 2 is made of cast iron structure, and the magnetic attraction plate 42 can be set as a magnetic attraction material, so as to achieve the adsorption effect of the magnetic attraction plate 42 on the well cover body 2. Or a magnetic attraction unit can be arranged on the well cover body 2 to achieve the adsorption effect on the magnetic attraction plate 42. When the well cover body 2 is placed on the well shaft 1, the magnetic attraction plate 42 adsorbs the well cover body 2 upward, and the magnetic attraction plate 42 is closest to the notch position of the storage groove 41 to the greatest extent. When the well cover body 2 is stolen, or after the well cover body 2 is damaged on a large scale, the magnetic attraction plate 42 cannot generate a strong adsorption force on the well cover body 2. Under the influence of gravity, the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back to the bottom of the storage groove 41, so that the received light source signal is weakened, and then there will be a dynamic change of the light source signal: no light - the light source signal suddenly increases - the light source signal gradually weakens. Therefore, when the light source signal monitored by the light sensing unit is such a signal, it means that the well cover body 2 is stolen or the well cover body 2 is damaged on a large scale. On the contrary, if the light sensing unit only receives a suddenly strengthened light source signal and then remains stable, it can be judged that there is light leakage caused by slight damage to the well cover body 2; or there is light leakage at the edge due to misalignment between the well cover body 2 and the well shaft 1; or the connection part between the edge of the well cover body 2 and the well shaft 1 is damaged. Therefore, the severity of the abnormal state of the well cover can be judged through the movably connected magnetic attraction plate 42.

[0027] As Figure 2 shown, a plurality of storage grooves 41 are provided, and a magnetic attraction plate 42 is arranged in each storage groove 41. Arranging a plurality of storage grooves 41 can improve the detection accuracy and uniformity.

[0028] The assembly and working process of the cable manhole cover movement and damage sensing device in this embodiment are as follows: in this embodiment, the manhole cover body 2 is arranged above the well 1, wherein the manhole cover body 2 includes an inner limit cylinder 22, wherein the radial dimension of the inner limit cylinder 22 is smaller than that of the manhole cover body 2, and the axial dimension of the inner limit cylinder 22 is larger than that of the manhole cover body 2, and the well 1 includes an installation cylinder 31 docking with the inner limit cylinder 22, wherein in this embodiment, an installation cavity 3 is arranged inside the well 1, wherein the installation cavity 3 is arranged on the side of the installation cylinder 31 away from the inner limit cylinder 22, and a sensing component 4 is arranged inside the installation cavity 3, wherein a storage groove 41 is arranged on the sensing component 4, and the storage groove 41 is open toward one side of the manhole cover body 2, and a magnetic suction plate 42 is arranged inside the storage groove 41. Therefore, during use, when light enters the well 1, the light signal can be transmitted to the light sensing unit on the magnetic suction plate 42 through the opening of the storage groove 41.

[0029] In actual applications, when the manhole cover body 2 is stolen, or the manhole cover body 2 is damaged or displaced, a gap will be generated between the manhole cover body 2 and the shaft 1, and an external light source can enter the shaft 1, thereby being able to detect the photosensitive unit. This detection can detect whether a gap is generated between the manhole cover body 2 and the shaft 1, but cannot detect the specific size of the gap or whether the manhole cover has been stolen.

[0030] Therefore, in this embodiment, further, the light sensing unit is disposed on the magnetic attraction plate 42. In this embodiment, the magnetic attraction plate 42 is made of a magnet material. Since the material of the manhole cover body 2 is cast iron, the magnetic attraction plate 42 can generate a magnetic attraction force on the manhole cover body 2. Therefore, when the manhole cover body 2 is placed on the well channel 1, the magnetic attraction plate 42 adsorbs the manhole cover body 2 upward, so that the magnetic attraction plate 42 is closest to the notch position of the storage groove 41 to the greatest extent, enabling the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 to accurately detect the light source signal inside the well channel 1. At the same time, in this embodiment, since the magnetic attraction plate 42 is movably connected to the storage groove 41, and the specific connection method is hinged to the storage groove 41. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 can adsorb the manhole cover body 2, the magnetic attraction plate 42 rises to the notch of the storage groove 41. When the manhole cover body 2 is stolen or the manhole cover body 2 is severely damaged, the magnetic attraction plate 42 cannot generate a strong magnetic attraction force on the manhole cover body 2. Under the influence of gravity, the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back to the bottom of the storage groove 41, resulting in a weakening of the received light source signal. Therefore, during the operation, at the moment when the manhole cover body 2 is damaged, a light source signal is introduced into the well channel 1. Since the magnetic attraction plate 42 is at the notch position of the storage groove 41 at this time, the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 can detect the instantaneously enhanced light source signal. Since the manhole cover body 2 is broken, the magnetic attraction plate 42 cannot overcome its own gravity through the magnetic attraction force, causing the magnetic attraction plate 42 to fall back to the bottom of the storage groove 41. Therefore, due to the fall of the magnetic attraction plate 42, the light source signal that the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 can receive is partially blocked by the storage groove 41, resulting in a dynamic change in the light source signal: no light - instantaneously enhanced light source signal - gradually weakened light source signal. Therefore, when the light source signal monitored by the light sensing unit is such a signal, it means that the manhole cover body 2 is stolen or the manhole cover body 2 has a large area of damage and cannot produce a reliable magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction unit. If the manhole cover body 2 still generates a magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction plate 42 and the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 also detects the light source signal, it can be determined that there is light leakage caused by minor damage to the manhole cover body 2; or there is light leakage at the edge due to misalignment between the manhole cover body 2 and the well channel 1; or the connection part between the edge of the manhole cover body 2 and the well channel 1 is damaged. Therefore, the severity of the abnormal state of the manhole cover can be judged through the movably connected magnetic attraction plate 42, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring.

[0031] The lost light sensor unit of the monitoring manhole cover body 2 adopts the industrial general standard RS485 bus MODBUS-RTU protocol interface. The light intensity acquisition range is 0 - 200000 lux, and the error of the acquired light intensity is less than 10 lux. After the manhole cover body 2 is lost, the light intensity in the cable trench increases significantly. By comparing the light intensity through big data, it is speculated whether the manhole cover body 2 is lost and the damage ratio. The cable well is generally a closed structure and no light enters. By collecting the light intensity and comparing it with historical data, when there is a sudden change in the light intensity, it is defined as the cover plate being missing or damaged.

[0032] Embodiment 2: As Figure 3 , 4 shown, different from Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the magnetic attraction plate 42 is connected with a hinged connecting rod 43, the hinged connecting rod 43 is connected with a transmission rod, and the rotation of the hinged connecting rod 43 drives the transmission rod to rotate synchronously. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back, the magnetic attraction plate 42 drives the hinged connecting rod 43 to rotate. A light shielding plate 45 is connected to the transmission rod, and the hinged connecting rod 43 drives the transmission rod and the light shielding plate 45 to contract towards the center of the magnetic attraction plate 42. The magnetic attraction plate 42 is connected with the hinged connecting rod 43. During the lifting and lowering process of the magnetic attraction plate 42, it can drive the hinged connecting rod 43 to rotate. And a transmission rod is connected to the hinged connecting rod 43. The connection between the hinged connecting rod 43 and the transmission rod is set as a fixed connection, so that the hinged connecting rod 43 can drive the transmission rod to rotate synchronously during the rotation process, so that the transmission rod drives the light shielding plate 45 to contract and expand towards both sides of the magnetic attraction plate 42. Since the contraction and expansion of the light shielding plate 45 are both driven by the lifting and lowering of the magnetic attraction plate 42, it will not interfere with the movement of the magnetic attraction plate 42. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back, the light shielding plate 45 contracts. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 rises, the light shielding plate 45 expands. Therefore, when the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back, the contraction of the light shielding plate 45 will block the light. When the sun shines vertically, under the contraction of the light shielding plate 45, it can ensure that the light source signal received by the light sensor unit gradually decreases until it disappears, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring. To avoid the situation that even when the light sensor unit falls back to the bottom of the storage groove 41 with the magnetic attraction plate 42 under direct sunlight, it is still irradiated, thus ensuring the accuracy of detection and ensuring that the light sensor unit can monitor the changing light source signal as the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back.

[0033] As Figure 3 , 4As shown in the figure, the magnetic attraction plate 42 is connected with two groups of articulated connecting rods 43. The two groups of articulated connecting rods 43 are arranged on both sides of the magnetic attraction plate 42. Transmission gears 46 are connected to the joints of the articulated connecting rods 43 and the transmission rod on both sides, and the transmission gears 46 on both sides are meshed. By arranging two groups of articulated connecting rods 43, the uniformity can be maintained during the movement of the magnetic attraction plate 42. At the same time, a transmission gear 46 is connected to the joint of the articulated connecting rod 43 and the transmission rod on one side. Since the transmission gears 46 on both sides are meshed with each other, the actions of the articulated connecting rods 43 and the transmission rod on both sides can be synchronized, ensuring the stable fall of the magnetic attraction plate 42. Preferably, the transmission gear 46 is set as a semi-gear structure. Since the transmission gears 46 are meshed with each other in an opposite direction, the transmission gear 46 has a downward movement tendency under normal circumstances. Therefore, when the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction plate 42 is lost or reduced, the magnetic attraction plate 42 can be quickly driven to fall back.

[0034] As Figure 3 , 4 shown in the figure, an installation plate 47 is arranged in the storage groove 41. The installation plate 47 supports and abuts against the light-shielding plate 45. The light-shielding plate 45 is hinged to the transmission rod. When the articulated connecting rod 43 drives the transmission rod and the light-shielding plate 45 to expand towards the side of the magnetic attraction plate 42, the light-shielding plate 45 maintains the abutment with the installation plate 47 and adaptively rotates relative to the transmission rod. In this embodiment, a gear is arranged on the side of the installation plate close to the light-shielding plate, and a rack meshing with the gear is arranged on the light-shielding plate. By arranging the installation plate 47 in the storage groove 41 and arranging the magnetic attraction plate 42 in the installation plate 47, it can be ensured that the light source signal can only enter from the notch position of the storage groove 41, ensuring the shielding of the light source signal. Further, the light-shielding plate 45 is arranged to abut against the installation plate 47, and the light-shielding plate 45 is also hinged to the transmission rod. Therefore, two fulcrums are formed on the light-shielding plate 45. One fulcrum (installation plate 47) remains fixed, and the other fulcrum (transmission rod) moves synchronously with the light-shielding plate 45. During the expansion of the light-shielding plate 45, it will gradually tilt as the light-shielding plate 45 expands continuously, thereby reducing the space required for the expansion of the light-shielding plate 45, further reducing the notch size of the storage groove 41, avoiding the entry of scattered light, and improving the adaptive stability of the light-shielding plate 45 during the inward and outward expansion process. Through the meshing of the gear and the rack, the stability of the movement of the light-shielding plate is ensured.

[0035] A magnetic attraction unit capable of adsorbing the magnetic attraction plate 42 is arranged on the manhole cover body 2. Arranging the magnetic attraction unit on the manhole cover body 2 can adsorb the magnetic attraction plate 42, ensuring that the magnetic attraction plate 42 remains at the position closest to the manhole cover body 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, the assembly and working process of the cable manhole cover movement and damage perception device are as follows: In this embodiment, the light sensing unit is arranged on the magnetic attraction plate 42. In this embodiment, the magnetic attraction plate 42 is made of a magnet material. At the same time, a magnetic attraction unit is arranged on the side of the manhole cover body 2 close to the magnetic attraction plate 42, and the magnetic attraction unit is arranged corresponding to the magnetic attraction plate 42. During use, the magnetic attraction plate 42 can be attracted to the magnetic attraction unit correspondingly, thereby increasing the attraction force on the magnetic attraction plate 42. Therefore, when the manhole cover body 2 is placed on the well channel 1, the magnetic attraction plate 42 can approach the manhole cover body 2 under the condition of mutual attraction, so that the magnetic attraction plate 42 is closest to the notch position of the storage groove 41 to the greatest extent, enabling the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 to accurately detect the light source signal inside the well channel 1.

[0037] At the same time, in this embodiment, a hinged connecting rod 43 is connected to the magnetic attraction plate 42. The hinged connecting rod 43 is divided into an upper connecting rod 431 and a lower connecting rod 432, and the upper connecting rod 431 and the lower connecting rod 432 are hinged to each other. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 rises, the angle between the upper connecting rod 431 and the lower connecting rod 432 expands, and the upper connecting rod 431 and the lower connecting rod 432 are in the same straight line. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back, an angle is formed by bending between the upper connecting rod 431 and the lower connecting rod 432.

[0038] A transmission rod is connected to the lower connecting rod 432, and the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the lower connecting rod 432 relatively. Therefore, the transmission rod can be driven to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the lower connecting rod 432. One end of the transmission rod far from the connection with the lower connecting rod 432 is connected with a light shielding plate 45. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 rises, the upper connecting rod 431 is stretched, and then the lower connecting rod 432 is driven to stretch. Subsequently, the upper connecting rod 431 and the lower connecting rod 432 are flattened and in a straight line. Since the lower connecting rod 432 rotates, the transmission rod is driven to rotate synchronously, and the transmission rod drives the light shielding plate 45 to unfold to the side, so that when the magnetic attraction plate 42 moves upward, the light shielding plate 45 will not block the magnetic attraction plate 42. When the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back in the reverse direction, the transmission rod drives the light shielding plate 45 to move in one direction. At this time, the magnetic attraction plate 42 also falls back to the bottom of the storage groove 41, and the light shielding plate 45 shields the upper part of the magnetic attraction plate 42, so that the light source inside the well channel 1 cannot be monitored by the light sensing unit. Therefore, in this embodiment, the detection accuracy can be improved by adding the light shielding plate 45, avoiding the situation that even when the magnetic attraction plate 42 drives the light sensing unit to fall back to the bottom of the storage groove 41 at noon in Embodiment 1, it will still be directly irradiated by sunlight.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the magnetic attraction plate 42 can adsorb the well cover body 2, the magnetic attraction plate 42 rises to the notch of the storage groove 41. When the well cover body 2 is stolen or suffers extensive damage, the magnetic attraction plate 42 cannot generate a strong magnetic attraction force on the well cover body 2. Under the influence of gravity, the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back to the bottom of the storage groove 41. During the falling process of the magnetic attraction plate 42, even when sunlight is obliquely incident or directly incident, the received light source signal continuously weakens. Moreover, since the light shielding plate 45 continuously retracts towards the center of the magnetic attraction plate 42 during the falling process of the magnetic attraction plate 42, the path for the light source signal to be conducted to the light sensing unit can be continuously and stably reduced under the shielding of the light shielding plate 45.

[0040] During the working process, at the moment when the well cover body 2 is damaged or removed, the light source signal is introduced into the well shaft 1. Since the magnetic attraction plate 42 is at the notch position of the storage groove 41 and the light shielding plate 45 is in the unfolded state at this time, the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 can detect the instantaneously enhanced light source signal. Since the well cover body 2 is broken or removed, the magnetic attraction plate 42 cannot overcome its own gravity through magnetic attraction, so that the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls back to the bottom of the storage groove 41, and the light shielding plates 45 on both sides are synchronously contracted. The gap between the two light shielding plates 45 rapidly decreases as the magnetic attraction plate 42 falls, thereby reducing the light passing amount entering the light sensing unit through the gap between the two light shielding plates 45. Therefore, due to the falling of the magnetic attraction plate 42, the light source signal that the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 can receive is partially blocked by the storage groove 41 and the light shielding plate 45, and thus a dynamic change in the light source signal will occur: no light - instantaneously enhanced light source signal - rapidly weakened light source signal - no light. Therefore, when the light source signal monitored by the light sensing unit is such a signal, it means that the well cover body 2 is stolen or the well cover body 2 has extensive damage and cannot produce a reliable magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction unit. At the same time, in this embodiment, the light shielding plate 45 is provided to avoid the inaccuracy of the light sensing unit monitoring the light source signal caused by direct sunlight and improve the detection accuracy. If the well cover body 2 still has a magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction plate 42 and the light sensing unit on the magnetic attraction plate 42 also detects the light source signal, it can be judged that the well cover body 2 has slight damage resulting in light leakage; or there is light leakage due to misalignment between the well cover body 2 and the well shaft 1; or between the edge of the well cover body 2 and the well shaft 1. Therefore, the severity of the abnormal state of the well cover can be judged through the movable magnetic attraction plate 42, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0041] Embodiment 3: As Figure 2 、 5As shown, different from Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the sensing component 4 includes a buffer seat 48 and a fixed seat 49. The fixed seat 49 is fixedly connected to the shaft 1. An elastic member is provided between the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49. A pressing plate 21 is provided on one side of the manhole cover body 2 close to the buffer seat 48. The pressing plate 21 abuts against the buffer seat 48. A pressure detection unit is provided between the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49. By providing the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49 and arranging an elastic member therebetween, the buffer seat 48 can move relative to the fixed seat 49. A pressure detection unit is provided between the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49. When the concrete layer or asphalt layer fixing the manhole cover body 2 breaks, the manhole cover body 2 will float up and down during the passing of vehicles, and then can drive the pressing plate 21 to form a floating and changing extrusion effect on the buffer seat 48, rather than a constant extrusion effect on the buffer seat 48 when the manhole cover body 2 is in a fixed state, thereby triggering the pressure detection unit to perform pressure detection. The pressure detection unit is used in cooperation with the light sensing unit to ensure the detection accuracy of the damage condition of the manhole cover and avoid monitoring through the pressure detection unit when the manhole cover body 2 is loose but does not shift.

[0042] The assembly and working process of the cable manhole cover moving damage sensing device in this embodiment are as follows: In this embodiment, the sensing component 4 includes a buffer seat 48 and a fixed seat 49. A pressing plate 21 is provided on one side of the manhole cover body 2 close to the buffer seat 48. Both the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49 are arranged in the installation cavity 3. The fixed seat 49 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation cavity 3, while the buffer seat 48 is slidably connected inside the installation cavity 3. An elastic member is provided between the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49 to maintain the connection stability between the buffer seat 48 and the pressing plate 21. At the same time, a pressure detection unit is provided between the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49. The pressure detection unit can detect the up and down movement of the manhole cover body 2 in real time. Since the manhole cover body 2 is buckled on the shaft 1 opening by cement pouring, the pressure of the manhole cover body 2 on the buffer seat 48 is a fixed value. When the cement, asphalt and stone particles around the manhole cover body 2 become loose, the manhole cover body 2 will no longer be tightly buckled on the shaft 1 opening, and the pressure generated when the manhole cover body 2 contacts the buffer seat 48 will no longer be stable. The pressure detection unit is used to monitor the pressure of the outer edge of the manhole cover body 2 on the buffer seat 48 to determine whether the manhole cover body 2 is loose, which is one of the judgment data for the movement of the manhole cover body 2.

[0043] Further, a ring groove 491 is formed on the upper surface of the fixed seat 49. A connecting rod 482 is provided between the buffer seat 48 and the fixed seat 49. The top end of the connecting rod 482 is fixedly connected to a fixed hinge seat 481, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 482 is fixedly connected to a sliding hinge seat. The sliding hinge seat is slidably connected to the ring groove 491, and the fixed hinge seat 481 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the buffer seat 48.

[0044] Embodiment 4: like Figure 6 As shown, different from Example 1, in this embodiment, a movement detection unit 5 is provided on the side of the manhole cover body 2 close to the shaft 1, and the movement detection unit 5 moves synchronously with the manhole cover body 2. The movement sensor is used to detect the tilt state of the manhole cover, which is set as the illumination warning threshold for abnormal movement and damage of the manhole cover. The historical data of the abnormal movement detection unit 5 is used to analyze the vibration effect of trucks of different tonnages driving normally on the road surface on the manhole cover body 2, and the maximum amplitude brought by a fully loaded train to the manhole cover body 2 is predicted and analyzed, which is set as the abnormal movement warning threshold for abnormal movement and damage of the manhole cover. When the movement exceeds the movement warning threshold, an alarm of abnormal movement and damage of the manhole cover is issued.

[0045] The assembly and working process of the cable manhole cover movement and damage sensing device in this embodiment are as follows: In this embodiment, an abnormal movement detection unit 5 is arranged on the manhole cover body 2, wherein the abnormal movement detection unit 5 is arranged on the side of the manhole cover body 2 close to the shaft 1, wherein since the abnormal movement detection unit 5 is arranged on the manhole cover body 2, the abnormal movement detection unit 5 can move synchronously with the manhole cover body 2. In this embodiment, the abnormal movement detection unit 5 is composed of a three-axis gyroscope and a three-axis accelerometer. After edge calculation, the interference of small amplitude jumps is filtered out, and the real alarm data is handed over to the MCU (microcontroller) and transmitted to the cloud server through the communication module. When the monitoring terminal shakes greatly, the abnormal movement detection unit 5 triggers an interrupt to wake up the monitoring terminal. The built-in inclination sensor is combined with the software algorithm to control false alarms to avoid false alarms caused by the movement of large trucks.

[0046] Embodiment 5: like Figure 1 As shown, different from Example 1, in this embodiment, the shaft 1 is connected with an electromagnetic coil 6, and when the shaft cover body 2 is set in the shaft 1, the shaft cover body 2 generates a magnetic attraction. The electromagnetic coil 6 is connected to the shaft 1. Since the shaft cover body 2 itself is made of cast iron, it can form an electromagnet with the electromagnetic coil 6 when the shaft cover body 2 is located inside the electromagnetic coil 6, and produce a magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction plate 42. When the shaft cover body 2 is taken away or damaged, the magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic attraction plate 42 will change, causing the magnetic attraction plate 42 to fall back completely or partially. Furthermore, a proximity switch is provided on the magnetic attraction plate 42, which can analyze the damage or theft of the shaft cover body 2 by combining the changes in the light source signal received by the light sensing unit and the changes in the position monitored by the proximity switch, thereby improving the accuracy of detection.

[0047] This embodiment also includes an outer cylinder, wherein a cement sealing layer 11 is laid between the outer cylinder and the sensing component 4, and an asphalt stone layer 12 is laid on the surface of the cement sealing layer 11. The cement sealing layer 11 is used to reinforce the manhole cover body 2, and the asphalt stone layer 12 is used to make the surface of the manhole cover body 2 flush with the road surface.

[0048] In this embodiment, when constructing the cable shaft 1, the shaft 1 is excavated in the soil layer, and a cement sealing layer 11 is laid at the edge of the shaft 1 for fixation. An installation cavity 3 and a sensing component 4 are arranged between the shaft 1 and the cement sealing layer 11, so as to prevent cement from entering the shaft 1. An asphalt stone layer 12 is laid on the surface of the cement sealing layer 11, which can not only fix the manhole cover body 2 to prevent loosening and detachment, but also prevent rainwater from infiltrating into the cement sealing layer 11, strengthening the protection of the electrical safety in the cable shaft 1, and ensuring that the manhole cover body 2 is flush with the road surface to avoid affecting the normal driving of vehicles.

[0049] Further, in this embodiment, an electromagnetic coil 6 is arranged on the outer cylinder. The manhole cover body 2 serves as an iron core to form an electromagnet with the electromagnetic coil 6, so as to be able to generate an attractive force on the magnetic attraction part. The manhole cover is generally made of cast iron. As the iron core in the electromagnetic coil 6, it can increase the strength of the electromagnet. When the manhole cover body 2 moves abnormally and completely detaches from the wellhead, the iron core of the electromagnet detaches from the middle, resulting in a change in the strength of the electromagnet and a change in the magnetic attraction force on the magnetic attraction plate 42 below, causing a change in the position of the magnetic attraction plate 42. The position of the magnetic attraction plate 42 is measured by a proximity sensor, so as to judge whether the manhole cover body 2 has detached from the wellhead.

[0050] The preferred communication scheme for data is the low-power NB-Iot communication technology. NB-IoT, the full name is Narrow Band Internet of Things, narrowband Internet of Things, and it can also support 4G LTE to adapt to the scenario where the NB-IoT signal is weak. The power supply mode of the sensor is preferably considered to be fully battery-powered. Considering the large power consumption of the sensor, solar energy combined with battery power supply is also supported.

Claims

1. A cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device, characterized in that: It includes a well, the well is connected to a manhole cover body, the well is provided with an installation cavity located below the manhole cover body, the installation cavity is provided with a sensing component, and the sensing component is provided with a light sensing unit on a side close to the manhole cover body.

2. According to the cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The sensing component includes a storage slot, in which a magnetic plate is movably connected. The light sensing unit is arranged on the side of the magnetic plate close to the manhole cover body. When the manhole cover body is connected to the well, the manhole cover body generates a magnetic force on the magnetic plate, driving the magnetic plate close to the manhole cover body. When the manhole cover body is separated from the well, the magnetic plate falls back.

3. According to the cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: The magnetic plate is connected to a hinged connecting rod, and the hinged connecting rod is connected to a transmission rod. The rotation of the hinged connecting rod synchronously drives the transmission rod to rotate. When the magnetic plate falls back, the magnetic plate drives the hinged connecting rod to rotate. A shading plate is connected to the transmission rod. The hinged connecting rod drives the transmission rod and the shading plate to shrink toward the center of the magnetic plate.

4. A cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The manhole cover body is provided with a magnetic unit capable of adsorbing the magnetic plate.

5. The cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electromagnetic coil is connected in the well, and when the well cover body is arranged in the well, the well cover body generates magnetic attraction.

6. A cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are several storage slots, and each storage slot is provided with a magnetic attraction plate.

7. A cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction plate is connected with two sets of hinged connecting rods, which are arranged on both sides of the magnetic attraction plate. The connection points between the hinged connecting rods and the transmission rods on both sides are connected with transmission gears, and the transmission gears on both sides are meshed.

8. The cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting plate is provided in the storage slot, the mounting plate supports and abuts a shading plate, the shading plate is hinged to the transmission rod, and when the hinged connecting rod drives the transmission rod and the shading plate to unfold toward the side of the magnetic plate, the shading plate maintains abutment with the mounting plate and adapts to produce relative rotation with the transmission rod.

9. A cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The sensing component includes a buffer seat and a fixed seat, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the well, an elastic member is arranged between the buffer seat and the fixed seat, a pressure plate is arranged on the side of the well cover body close to the buffer seat, the pressure plate abuts the buffer seat, and a pressure detection unit is arranged between the buffer seat and the fixed seat.

10. A cable manhole cover movement damage sensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A movement detection unit is arranged on one side of the manhole cover body close to the well, and the movement detection unit moves synchronously with the manhole cover body.

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