Broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with a photovoltaic cell, which works in a frequency band of 3.57-8.92 GHz and comprises a dielectric plate, and a radiation main body and a feeder which are arranged on the dielectric plate, the radiation main body is composed of two photovoltaic cell strings; the feed line feeds the radiation main body in a port excitation mode; the two photovoltaic cell strings are arranged in a double-arm spiral shape, and the feed point of the feed line is located at the central position of the radiation main body. According to the broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with the photovoltaic cell, the parallel double-line feed structure is introduced, so that the antenna can cover the frequency band of 3.57-8.92 GHz, and the performance of the broadband antenna is realized; by adjusting the radiation main body, the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna can cover 4.22-8.98 Ghz.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell antennas, and particularly to a broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, as a key component of wireless communication systems, the performance of antennas directly affects the communication quality of the entire system. Especially in recent years, the demand for miniaturized, broadband, and circularly polarized antennas in the fields of mobile communication, satellite communication, navigation and positioning, etc. has been increasing day by day.

[0003] In recent years, with the increasingly severe energy crisis, using renewable energy such as solar energy to power wireless communication devices has become an important research direction. Integrating photovoltaic cells with antennas can achieve energy self-sufficiency, reduce dependence on traditional batteries, extend the working time of devices, and reduce maintenance costs. However, traditional integration schemes usually place photovoltaic cells outside the antenna radiation area, which limits the miniaturization design of the antenna and may affect the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0004] Currently, the existing antenna technologies integrated with photovoltaic cells mainly have the following deficiencies:

[0005] Large size: In order to obtain good performance, traditional dual-arm spiral antennas usually require a large physical size, making it difficult to meet the needs of miniaturized devices.

[0006] Low integration: The integration method of photovoltaic cells and antennas is usually relatively separated, and photovoltaic cells are often arranged outside the antenna radiation area, restricting the miniaturization and integration of the system.

[0007] Limited performance: The introduction of photovoltaic cells may have a negative impact on the radiation performance of the antenna, such as impedance mismatch, gain reduction, axial ratio deterioration, etc.

[0008] Complex structure: In order to achieve broadband circular polarization and photovoltaic cell integration, existing designs often require complex feeding networks and matching structures, increasing the design difficulty and cost.

[0009] Therefore, designing an antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells, having good broadband circular polarization performance and being miniaturized, has important practical significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects of the prior art, and provide a broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells, aiming to solve or overcome one or several deficiencies or defects of the existing antennas in terms of size, performance, structure, integration degree, and chip layout rate, and to achieve the performance of broadband circular polarization by introducing a parallel two-wire feeding network.

[0011] A broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells, operating in the frequency band of 3.57 - 8.92 GHz, includes a dielectric substrate and a radiation body and a feeder arranged on the dielectric substrate; the radiation body is composed of two strings of photovoltaic cell strings; the feeder feeds the radiation body in a port excitation manner; the two strings of photovoltaic cell strings are arranged in a dual-arm spiral shape, and the feeding point of the feeder is located at the center of the radiation body.

[0012] Wherein, the photovoltaic cells in each string of photovoltaic cell strings are connected in series through a welding metal sheet, one end of the cell string is used as the negative electrode, and one end is used as the positive electrode.

[0013] Wherein, the welding metal sheets are of the same size and are rectangular.

[0014] Wherein, each string of photovoltaic cell strings is composed of twenty-nine photovoltaic cells of the same size, and there are a total of fifty-eight photovoltaic cells of the same size.

[0015] Wherein, the shape of the photovoltaic cells is square.

[0016] Wherein, the size of each solar cell is 9 mm in width and 9 mm in length.

[0017] Wherein, the radiation body is located on the upper surface of the foam dielectric substrate.

[0018] Wherein, the overall structure of the feeding is composed of a Teflon dielectric substrate, a first feeder, a second feeder and a capacitor. The vertically placed Teflon dielectric substrate is located below the horizontally placed foam dielectric substrate carrying the cells, and the two feeders are respectively located on both sides of the vertically placed Teflon dielectric substrate.

[0019] Wherein, the middle of the first feeder and the second feeder are separated by a capacitor, and the function of the capacitor is to prevent the DC current from flowing back to the port.

[0020] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells provided by the present invention enables the antenna to cover the frequency band of 3.57 - 8.92 GHz and achieve the performance of a broadband antenna by introducing a parallel two-wire feeding structure; by adjusting the radiation body, the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna can cover 4.22 - 8.98 GHz.

[0021] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells provided by the present invention has a high solar cell layout rate, makes relatively full use of solar energy, realizes the vertical design of the illumination direction and the communication direction of the antenna, the relative bandwidth reaches 85.67%, and the system complexity is relatively low. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is the first schematic diagram of the feeder structure of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the front view of one side of the vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate located under the horizontally placed foam dielectric plate.

[0028] Figure 7 It is the second schematic diagram of the feeder structure of the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the front view of the other side of the vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate located under the horizontally placed foam dielectric plate.

[0029] Figure 8 It is the antenna S-parameter image of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 It is the antenna gain performance image of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 It is the antenna axial ratio performance image of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 、 Figure 12 They are the radiation patterns of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention at Phi = 0 and Phi = 90.

[0033] Wherein:

[0034] 1. Photovoltaic cell; 2. Welding metal sheet; 3. Horizontally placed foam dielectric plate; 4. Feeder; 5. Vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate located under the foam dielectric plate; 6. Capacitor. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] See Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna of the integrated photovoltaic cell of the present invention operates in the frequency band of 3.57 - 8.92 GHz, and includes a dielectric substrate and a radiation body and a feeder arranged on the dielectric substrate; the radiation body is composed of two strings of photovoltaic cell strings; the feeder feeds the radiation body in a port excitation manner; the two strings of photovoltaic cell strings are arranged in a dual-arm spiral shape, and the feeding point of the feeder is located at the center position of the radiation body. Among them, when each string of photovoltaic cells is arranged in a spiral shape, the direction change position is a vertical change. By changing the direction vertically, each string of photovoltaic cells is linearly arranged in the X and Y directions respectively.

[0037] The antenna of the present invention realizes a relatively wide 3dB axial ratio bandwidth covering the frequency band of 4.22 - 8.98 GHz by adjusting the battery cells serving as the radiation body and the welding metal sheets.

[0038] In some embodiments, the radiation body is composed of two strings of battery strings, a total of fifty-eight photovoltaic cells with a thickness of 0.02 mm, which is located on the upper surface of the foam dielectric substrate. Each string of battery strings is connected by welding metal sheets. Specifically, two adjacent photovoltaic cells are connected by a welding metal sheet, that is, each photovoltaic cell is connected by the welding metal sheets at both ends of the battery string.

[0039] In some embodiments, the shape of each photovoltaic cell is square, and the photovoltaic cells in each string of battery strings are connected by welding metal sheets; the welding metal sheets are preferably rectangular sheets.

[0040] In some embodiments, the size of each photovoltaic cell is 9 mm in width and 9 mm in length;

[0041] In the present invention, the feeder structure is located below the foam dielectric substrate to excite the radiation body.

[0042] Figure 8 The S11 parameter image using the present invention is shown. It can be seen that the solar cell antenna using this design method provided by the present invention covers the frequency band of 3.57 - 8.92 GHz and realizes a relative bandwidth of 85.67%, achieving the performance of a broadband antenna.

[0043] Figure 9 The gain performance using the present invention is shown. In the entire frequency band, the average gain is 4.70 dBi.

[0044] Figure 10The axial ratio performance image of the present invention is shown. By adjusting the battery cells serving as the radiation main body and the welding metal sheets, a relatively wide 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth covering the frequency band of 4.22 - 8.98 GHz is achieved.

[0045] Figure 11 、 Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the antenna adopting the method and size of the present invention at 9 GHz is shown. The radiation pattern conforms to the characteristics of an end-fire antenna, the radiation energy has good stability, and the radiation pattern maintains good directivity in the target frequency band.

[0046] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells of the present invention uses a radiation main body composed of two strings of solar cell strings and welding metal sheets to radiate energy outward, realizing the integrated design of a solar cell broadband antenna, and uses an improved feeder structure introduced to improve the matching, achieving a relative bandwidth matching design of 85.67%.

[0047] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells of the present invention has a high solar cell layout rate, makes full use of solar energy, realizes the vertical design of the illumination direction and the communication direction of the antenna, has a low system complexity, and has practical application and popularization value.

[0048] In summary, for the present invention, its broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells uses a radiation main body composed of two strings of solar cell strings and welding metal sheets to radiate energy outward; uses a parallel dual-feed line structure after transition processing to improve the matching bandwidth of the antenna, achieving a relative bandwidth of 85.67%.

[0049] For the present invention, by adjusting the battery cells serving as the radiation main body and the welding metal sheets, a relatively wide 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth covering the frequency band of 4.22 - 8.98 GHz is achieved. In addition, the system complexity of the invention is low, and it has practical application and popularization value.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0051] Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention.

[0052] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with a photovoltaic cell, characterized in that: The invention works in the frequency band of 3.57-8.92 GHz, and comprises a dielectric plate and a radiating body and a feeder arranged on the dielectric plate; the radiating body is composed of two strings of photovoltaic cells; the feeder feeds the radiating body by means of port excitation; the two strings of photovoltaic cells are arranged in a double-arm spiral shape, and the feeding point of the feeder is located at the center of the radiating body.

2. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cells in each photovoltaic cell string are connected in series through a welded metal sheet, with one end of the cell string serving as the negative electrode and the other end as the positive electrode.

3. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding metal sheets have the same size and are rectangular.

4. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each photovoltaic cell string is composed of twenty-five photovoltaic cells of the same size, for a total of fifty-eight photovoltaic cells of the same size.

5. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell is in a square shape.

6. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of each solar cell are 9 mm in width and 9 mm in length.

7. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation body is located on the upper surface of the dielectric plate.

8. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeder includes a first feeder and a second feeder, and the first feeder and the second feeder are connected via a capacitor that prevents direct current from flowing back to the port.

9. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed line and the capacitor are located below the dielectric plate.

10. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium plate is a Teflon medium plate.

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