Compact Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Satellite Antenna and Its Array

Abstract

The present application discloses a compact dual - frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna and its array. The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a feeding element, a high - frequency radiation patch, and a low - frequency radiation patch. The high - frequency radiation patch is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the feeding element is disposed on the dielectric substrate. The high - frequency radiation patch is fed through the feeding element. There are at least two vertical angles in the high - frequency radiation patch that are distributed at diagonal positions. On the outer sides of the two vertical sides corresponding to any vertical angle of the high - frequency radiation patch, a low - frequency radiation patch is respectively arranged. The two low - frequency radiation patches are respectively parallel to the corresponding vertical sides and are coupled and fed with the high - frequency radiation patch within the upper surface. The present application realizes the setting of a dual - frequency circularly polarized antenna on the same layer, only uses the feeding element to be connected to the high - frequency radiation patch, and enables the high - frequency radiation patch to be coupled and fed with the low - frequency radiation patch, reducing the number of feeding ports required when constructing a dual - frequency circularly polarized antenna and its array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna design, and particularly to a compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna and its array. Background Art

[0002] For satellite communication, especially in the Ka band (30 GHz for uplink and 20 GHz for downlink), circularly polarized antennas are mostly used, which can avoid polarization mismatch caused by Faraday rotation when the electromagnetic field passes through the atmosphere. However, due to the different and relatively far distances between the uplink and downlink frequency bands, dual-band antennas are usually required to complete the signal transmission and reception of Ka-band satellite communication.

[0003] Existing dual-band circularly polarized satellite antennas usually need to be equipped with two antennas operating in different frequency bands respectively. These two antennas can be distributed on different structural layers and share a feeding port, or can be distributed on the same structural layer and be fed by different ports respectively.

[0004] Both of these two implementation forms of dual-band antennas have their drawbacks. Among them, the method of arranging antennas in a different-layer structure increases the number of antenna layers and the complexity of the processing technology, resulting in an increase in cost; while the method of arranging antennas in the same-layer structure increases the antenna area and the number of feeding ports, and at the same time, due to the increase in the number of feeding ports used, the cost is increased.

[0005] Content of the Application

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna and its array, aiming to reduce the construction cost on the premise of ensuring the normal signal transmission and reception of the dual-band circularly polarized antenna and its array.

[0007] To achieve the above object, this application provides a compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna. The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a feeding element, a high-frequency radiation patch, and a low-frequency radiation patch. The high-frequency radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The feeding element is arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the high-frequency radiation patch is fed through the feeding element. There are at least two vertical angles distributed diagonally on the high-frequency radiation patch. On the outer sides of the two vertical sides corresponding to any vertical angle of the high-frequency radiation patch, a low-frequency radiation patch is respectively arranged. The two low-frequency radiation patches are respectively parallel to the corresponding vertical sides and are coupled and fed with the high-frequency radiation patch in the upper surface.

[0008] In one embodiment, the feeding element includes a feeding patch and a metallized feeding via. The shape of the high-frequency radiation patch is a square with chamfers. The feeding patch is disposed at another vertical angle outside the vertical angle where the low-frequency radiation patch is provided. The feeding patch is directly connected to any vertical side of the other vertical angle. The metallized feeding via is disposed in the dielectric substrate and is directly connected to the feeding patch.

[0009] In one embodiment, the feeding element includes a feeding metal square loop and a signal port. The shape of the high-frequency radiation patch includes a square. The feeding metal square loop is disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and forms a coupling with the high-frequency radiation patch. The signal port is disposed outside any vertical angle of the feeding metal square loop. The signal port and the vertical angle where the low-frequency radiation patch is provided are distributed in an approximately diagonal position.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shape of the low-frequency radiation patch includes a rectangle. The low-frequency radiation patch includes a first low-frequency radiation patch and a second low-frequency radiation patch. Starting from the feeding patch or the signal port and in the clockwise direction as the setting sequence, the first low-frequency radiation patch and the second low-frequency radiation patch are sequentially disposed outside the vertical angle at the diagonal position of the vertical angle where the feeding patch or the signal port is located. The length of the first low-frequency radiation patch is greater than the length of the second low-frequency radiation patch.

[0011] In one embodiment, the overlapping portions of the first low-frequency radiation patch and the second low-frequency radiation patch with the vertical sides of the high-frequency radiation patch remain horizontal, and the non-overlapping portions are bent towards the position where the high-frequency radiation patch is located and maintain coupled feeding.

[0012] In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate is square. The midpoint of the dielectric substrate coincides with the midpoint of the high-frequency radiation patch, and the side lines of the high-frequency radiation patch are parallel to the opposite side lines of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present application further provides a compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna array, characterized in that the array includes a plurality of dual-band oscillators. The plurality of dual-band oscillators are arranged in an array in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in a preset equal-spacing arrangement manner. Each dual-band oscillator corresponds to a feeding port. The dual-band oscillator is a compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna composed of a high-frequency radiation patch and two low-frequency radiation patches.

[0014] In one embodiment, the array includes a plurality of sub-arrays. Each sub-array is composed of at least two adjacent dual-band oscillators, and each sub-array corresponds to a feeding port.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sub-array includes independent sub-arrays. An independent high-frequency radiation patch is arranged between two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators, and the independent sub-array is composed of the independent high-frequency radiation patch and the two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators.

[0016] In one embodiment, isolation strips are arranged outside each sub-array. The isolation strips are a row or a column of rectangular metal sheets arranged at a preset interval.

[0017] Compared with the related art, in which dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antennas usually place dual-frequency antennas on different structural layers and share the same feeding port, or place dual-frequency antennas on the same layer and feed them respectively by different feeding ports, resulting in a relatively high cost of dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antennas. In the present application, the antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a feeding element, a high-frequency radiation patch, and a low-frequency radiation patch. The high-frequency radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the feeding element is arranged on the dielectric substrate. The high-frequency radiation patch is fed by the feeding element. The high-frequency radiation patch has at least two vertical angles distributed at diagonal positions. Outside each of the two vertical sides corresponding to any vertical angle of the high-frequency radiation patch, a low-frequency radiation patch is arranged. The two low-frequency radiation patches are respectively parallel to the corresponding vertical sides and are coupled and fed in the upper surface with the high-frequency radiation patch. That is, by arranging a high-frequency radiation patch with vertical angles distributed at diagonal positions and connecting the high-frequency radiation patch to the feeding element, circular polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch is achieved. Two low-frequency radiation patches are arranged outside the two vertical sides corresponding to the vertical angles of the high-frequency radiation patch, so that circular polarization of the low-frequency radiation patch is achieved, and through the coupled feeding between the low-frequency radiation patch and the high-frequency radiation patch, there is no need to additionally arrange a feeding element to the low-frequency radiation patch, thus ensuring that the dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna meets the circular polarization requirements. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring normal signal transmission and reception of the dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna, the structural complexity of the circularly polarized antenna is reduced, and the use of feeding elements is reduced at the same time, that is, the cost of the antenna is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first implementation structure of the compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the second implementation structure of the compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the low-frequency radiation patch of the compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application at 0-degree phase;

[0021] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the 90-degree phase current distribution of the low-frequency radiation patch of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the patch spacing of the left-handed circular polarization of the first implementation structure of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the patch spacing of the right-handed circular polarization of the first implementation structure of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the patch spacing of the second implementation structure of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application using a square high-frequency radiation patch;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the feeding metal square ring structure with an input signal phase difference in the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the patch spacing of the second implementation structure of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application using a square high-frequency radiation patch with chamfers;

[0027] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the feeding metal square ring structure with in-phase input signals in the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the array structure of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0029] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the sub-array structure of the array of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0030] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the isolation strip setting structure of the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present application;

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0032]

[0033] The realization, functional features and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The realization, functional features and advantages of the object of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0039] The present application provides a compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , in an embodiment of the present application, the compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10, a feeding element 20, a high-frequency radiation patch 30, and a low-frequency radiation patch 40. The high-frequency radiation patch 30 is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10. The feeding element 20 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 10, and the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is fed through the feeding element 20. The high-frequency radiation patch 30 has at least two vertical angles distributed at diagonal positions. On the outer sides of the two vertical sides corresponding to any vertical angle of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, a low-frequency radiation patch 40 is respectively disposed. The two low-frequency radiation patches 40 are respectively parallel to the corresponding vertical sides and are coupled and fed in the upper surface with the high-frequency radiation patch 30.

[0041] In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 10 serves as the grounding part in the antenna device. The dielectric substrate 10 can be a pure metal or a dielectric substrate made of at least partially metallic material. The thickness, size, and shape of the dielectric substrate 10 can be set according to the actual application product and application environment, etc., to meet different application requirements. In a specific embodiment, the shape of the dielectric substrate 10 can be rectangular, such as a rectangle or a square, to adapt to the construction of a dual-band circularly polarized antenna.

[0042] In this embodiment, the realization of a circularly polarized antenna requires two orthogonal electric field components, where the amplitudes of the electric field components are equal and the phases differ by 90 degrees. In a specific embodiment, when setting up a dual-band circularly polarized antenna, the high-frequency antenna circular polarization and the low-frequency antenna circular polarization are set respectively, that is, the high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the low-frequency radiation patch 40 are used respectively. Among them, the realization of the high-frequency antenna circular polarization can be obtained by chamfering the square high-frequency radiation patch 30. The direction of the current inside the high-frequency radiation patch will change vertically due to the influence of its vertical angle, thereby generating the antenna circular polarization phenomenon. The circular polarization of the low-frequency antenna is realized by parallelly placing two low-frequency radiation patches 40 on two vertical sides of the high-frequency antenna. The resonance frequency of the low-frequency radiation patch 40 falls in the low-frequency range, and the directions of its electric fields are perpendicular to each other. The low-frequency radiation patch 40 is fed by the close coupling between the high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the low-frequency radiation patch 40. Since the two vertical sides of the high-frequency radiation patch feeding it have a 90-degree phase difference at high frequencies, the two patches of the low-frequency radiation patch 40 also have a weak 90-degree phase difference relationship at its operating frequency, that is, there is a current along the vertical side direction of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 in the low-frequency radiation patch 40. Further, the size of the two low-frequency radiation patches can be adjusted and their relative positions to the high-frequency radiation patch can be adjusted to enhance the 90-degree phase difference relationship, thereby realizing the circular polarization of the dual-band antenna.

[0043] In this embodiment, the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10, and the feeding element 20 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 10. The high-frequency radiation patch 30 is fed by directly connecting or coupling the feeding element 20 with the high-frequency radiation patch 30.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 9, in an embodiment of the present application, the shape of the low-frequency radiation patch 40 includes a rectangle. The low-frequency radiation patch 40 includes a first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and a second low-frequency radiation patch. Starting from the feeding patch or the signal port and in the clockwise direction as the setting sequence, the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 are sequentially arranged outside the vertical angle at the diagonal position of the vertical angle where the feeding patch or the signal port is located. The length of the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 is greater than the length of the second low-frequency radiation patch 42.

[0045] In this embodiment, the two low-frequency radiation patches 40 arranged outside the vertical angle of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 take the corresponding feeding input positions of the feeding element (including the position where the feeding patch is located and the signal port of the feeding metal square ring) as the starting point, and in the clockwise direction as the setting sequence, the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 are respectively arranged in sequence. Among them, the length of the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 is greater than the length of the second low-frequency radiation patch 42, so that the current intensity at the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 is greater than the current intensity of the second low-frequency radiation patch 42, thereby making its working effect better.

[0046] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , in an embodiment of the present application, the feeding element 20 includes a feeding patch and a metallized feeding via. The shape of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square with a chamfer. The feeding patch is arranged at another vertical angle outside the vertical angle where the low-frequency radiation patch 40 is arranged. The feeding patch is directly connected to any vertical side of the other vertical angle. The metallized feeding via is arranged in the dielectric substrate 10 and is directly connected to the feeding patch.

[0047] In this embodiment, the feeding element 20 can be a feeding component composed of a feeding patch and a metallized feeding via. By directly connecting the feeding patch to any vertical side outside the high-frequency radiation patch 30, it not only ensures normal feeding to the high-frequency radiation patch 30, but also ensures that the high-frequency radiation patch 30 can generate the maximum impedance to improve the working effect of the antenna. Among them, the position of the feeding patch is located at the position corresponding to the diagonal position of the two low-frequency radiation patches to avoid their excessive fitting affecting the normal operation of the antenna.

[0048] In this embodiment, the shape of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square with a chamfer. The high-frequency radiation patch 30 is fed through the feeding patch and the metallized feeding via to achieve circular polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30. Two low-frequency radiation patches 40 are arranged outside any vertical angle of the two vertical angles of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, and circular polarization of the low-frequency radiation patch 40 is achieved through the coupled feeding between the high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the low-frequency radiation patch 40.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the chamfered positions of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 are at the lower left corner and the upper right corner, a low-frequency radiation patch 40 can be arranged outside the vertical angle at the upper left corner of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, so as to form a left-handed circular polarization composed of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the low-frequency radiation patch 40. The current directions in the two low-frequency radiation patches 40 are counterclockwise. When the chamfered positions of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 are at the upper left corner and the lower right corner, a low-frequency radiation patch 40 can be arranged outside the vertical angle at the upper right corner of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, so as to form a right-handed circular polarization composed of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the low-frequency radiation patch 40. The current directions in the two low-frequency radiation patches 40 are clockwise.

[0050] In this embodiment, the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization are equivalent to mirror structures with respect to each other. In the left-handed circular polarization, the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 are arranged in a clockwise direction starting from the feeding patch or the signal port. In the right-handed circular polarization, the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 are arranged in a counterclockwise direction starting from the feeding patch or the signal port.

[0051] Referring to Figures 7 to 10 , in an embodiment of the present application, the feeding element 20 includes a feeding metal square loop and a signal port. The shape of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is square. The feeding metal square loop is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 10 and forms a coupling loop with the high-frequency radiation patch 30. The signal port is arranged outside any vertical angle of the feeding metal square loop, and the signal port and the vertical angle where the low-frequency radiation patch 40 is arranged are distributed in an approximately diagonal position.

[0052] In this embodiment, the feeding methods for the high-frequency radiation patch 30 include direct connection feeding of the feeding patch and also include capacitive coupling feeding using a feeding metal square loop and the high-frequency radiation patch 30. Through the above-up and -down layered structure, a feeding metal square loop is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 10, so that it is coupled with the high-frequency radiation patch 30, and then the feeding effect is realized. Among them, the feeding metal square loop is provided with a signal port, and the position of the signal port is at a position close to the vertical angle, so that the physical lengths of two paths in the feeding metal square loop are different, so that when the feeding metal square loop is coupled with the high-frequency radiation patch 30, the circular polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is ensured. In a specific embodiment, this feeding method uses a feeding metal square loop to achieve capacitive coupling. There are two signal transmission paths in the feeding metal square loop, namely the 0-degree phase path and the 90-degree phase path. Since the physical lengths of the two paths are inconsistent, there is a phase difference in the signals. When the path difference is one-fourth of the high-frequency wavelength, the two signals will have a 90-degree phase difference at high frequencies. At the same time, these two signals respectively generate mutually perpendicular polarization currents on the high-frequency radiation patch. Therefore, this feeding structure generates conditions that meet circular polarization.

[0053] In this embodiment, when using a feeding metal square loop as the feeding element, the signal port for inputting a signal to the feeding metal square loop can be set at the midpoint of one side of the feeding metal square loop. In this case, the physical lengths of the two signal transmission paths in the feeding metal square loop are the same, so that there is no phase difference between the above two signals. At this time, if the circular polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is to be ensured, the square high-frequency circular polarization patch 30 needs to be chamfered, that is, the square high-frequency radiation patch 30 fed by the feeding metal square loop is provided with corresponding chamfers.

[0054] In this embodiment, when using a feeding metal square loop and a chamfered high-frequency radiation patch 30 to achieve the circular polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, the chamfer size of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 needs to be smaller than the chamfer size when using a feeding patch and a chamfered high-frequency radiation patch 30 to achieve the circular polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30. Among them, the setting of the chamfer size is mainly determined according to the magnitude of the cross-polarization ratio. When the cross-polarization ratio is larger, the polarization purity of the radiation patch is higher, and the required chamfer size is smaller. The cross-polarization ratio is obtained by calculating the ratio between the polarization in the horizontal direction and the polarization in the vertical direction of the radiation patch. Among them, when using a feeding metal square loop, the polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 in the vertical direction is less than the polarization of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 in the vertical direction when using a feeding patch.

[0055] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 9, in an embodiment of the present application, the overlapping portions of the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 with the vertical sides of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 are kept horizontal, and the non-overlapping portions are bent towards the position where the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is located and kept in coupled feeding.

[0056] In this embodiment, to ensure the compactness of the dual-band circularly polarized antenna, the rectangular first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 are respectively kept parallel to the vertical sides of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, and part of the structures of the first low-frequency radiation patch 41 and the second low-frequency radiation patch 42 are bent towards the position where the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is located, so that the space occupied by the dual-band circularly polarized antenna composed of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the low-frequency radiation patch 40 is reduced, thereby improving its compactness.

[0057] In this embodiment, according to the shapes of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 (a square with a cut corner and a square), low-frequency radiation patches 40 with different lengths are respectively selected, and different arrangement methods are selected. When the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square with a cut corner, its specific arrangement includes setting the side length L1 of the dielectric substrate, the longest side L2 of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, the length L3 of the first low-frequency radiation patch, the length L4 of the second low-frequency radiation patch, the width L5 of the low-frequency radiation patch 40, the distance L6 between the low-frequency radiation patch 40 and the high-frequency radiation patch, and the right-angle side L7 of the cut corner; and when the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square, its specific arrangement includes setting the side length L1 of the dielectric substrate, the longest side L2 of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, the length L3 of the first low-frequency radiation patch, the length L4 of the second low-frequency radiation patch, the width L5 of the low-frequency radiation patch 40, and the distance L6 between the low-frequency radiation patch 40 and the high-frequency radiation patch.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, when the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square with a cut corner and the feeding element for feeding it is a feeding patch, L1 can be selected from 4 to 7 mm, L2 can be selected from 2 to 3 mm, L3 can be selected from 3.5 to 4.5 mm, L4 can be selected from 3 to 4 mm (L3 is greater than L4), L5 can be selected from 0.6 to 1.2 mm, L6 can be selected from 0.1 to 0.8 mm, and L7 can be selected from 1 to 1.5 mm.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, when the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square, L1 can be selected from 4 to 7 mm, L2 can be selected from 2 to 3 mm, L3 can be selected from 3.8 to 4.8 mm, L4 can be selected from 3.5 to 4.5 mm (L3 is greater than L4), L5 can be selected from 0.6 to 1.2 mm, and L6 can be selected from 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, when the high-frequency radiation patch 30 is a square with chamfered corners and the feeding element for feeding it is a feeding metal square loop, L1 can be selected from 4 to 7 mm, L2 can be selected from 2 to 3 mm, L3 can be selected from 3.5 to 4.5 mm, L4 can be selected from 3 to 4 mm (L3 is greater than L4), L5 can be selected from 0.6 to 1.2 mm, L6 can be selected from 0.1 to 0.8 mm, and L7 can be selected from 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the above parameter settings for L1-L7 ensure that the parameters can achieve the coupled feeding between the low-frequency radiation patch 40 and the high-frequency radiation patch 30.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, the dielectric substrate 10 is square, the midpoint of the dielectric substrate 10 coincides with the midpoint of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, and the side edges of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 are parallel to the opposite side edges of the dielectric substrate 10.

[0063] In this embodiment, the shape of the dielectric substrate 10 is selected to be square, and the midpoint of the dielectric substrate 10 is set to coincide with the midpoint of the high-frequency radiation patch 30, and the side edges of the high-frequency radiation patch 30 are made parallel to the dielectric substrate 10, so as to form the effect of a micro antenna after setting a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna on the dielectric substrate 10.

[0064] The present application also provides a compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna array.

[0065] Refer to Figure 11 , in an embodiment of the present application, the array includes a plurality of dual-frequency oscillators, and the plurality of dual-frequency oscillators are arranged in an array in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in a preset equal-spacing arrangement manner. Each dual-frequency oscillator corresponds to a feeding port, and the dual-frequency oscillator is a compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna composed of a high-frequency radiation patch 30 and two low-frequency radiation patches 40.

[0066] In the present application, a large antenna array can be constructed with the dual-frequency oscillator composed of a high-frequency radiation patch 30 and two low-frequency radiation patches 40 as the basic unit. The spacing between the dual-frequency oscillators in the array can be selected to be about half of the center wavelength of the frequency band to ensure that the performance of both high and low frequencies can be taken into account. In a specific embodiment, taking Ka-band satellite communication as an example, its uplink and downlink frequencies are 30 GHz and 20 GHz respectively, so its center frequency is 25 GHz. Therefore, the spacing between the dual-frequency oscillators in this antenna array can be selected to be half of the wavelength of 25 GHz. To set up a 2*4 array antenna array, the spacing between the dual-frequency oscillators in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is both 6 mm. Among them, the preset equal-spacing is the spacing between the above dual-frequency oscillators, and specifically its parameter size is determined according to half of the wavelength of the selected uplink and downlink frequencies.

[0067] Referring to Figure 11 , in an embodiment of the present application, the array includes a plurality of sub-arrays, and each sub-array is composed of at least two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators, and each sub-array corresponds to a feeding port.

[0068] In this embodiment, when forming the corresponding antenna array, two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators can be combined into a sub-array, and only one feeding port is used for this sub-array, thereby reducing the number of feeding ports and its construction cost. Taking the example of combining the upper and lower two dual-frequency oscillators in each column to form a sub-array, which is excited by the same feeding port. In this way, the antenna array has a total of 4 feeding ports, and the relative amplitude and phase of each port can be changed to control the pattern synthesis of the array, that is, beamforming. In a specific embodiment, the combination method of the sub-arrays in the antenna array can be flexible and diverse. Combining two adjacent upper and lower dual-frequency oscillators into a sub-array will reduce the number of radio frequency transceiver channels at the back end of the antenna array to half, thereby reducing the power consumption and cost of the system. However, at the same time, the scanning range and accuracy of the antenna array in the vertical plane will also decrease. If the optimal scanning range and accuracy are to be achieved, then the sub-array should only contain one antenna oscillator, but correspondingly, the number of radio frequency transceiver channels in the entire system will also be the largest at this time.

[0069] Referring to Figure 12 , in an embodiment of the present application, the sub-array includes an independent sub-array, and an independent high-frequency radiation patch 30 is arranged between two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators, and the independent sub-array is composed of the independent high-frequency radiation patch 30 and the two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators.

[0070] In this embodiment, there may be various ways of arranging the array. For example, some arrangements will be based on half of the low-frequency wavelength (the wavelength of 20 GHz is 15 mm, and half is 7.5 mm), and then an additional single high-frequency radiation patch 30 is placed in the middle of the dual-frequency oscillator. This solution can increase the utilization rate of the antenna radiation surface space, but it may be necessary to add a feeding port to the single high-frequency oscillator, resulting in an increase in the number of ports and the complexity of the structure.

[0071] Referring to Figure 13 , in an embodiment of the present application, isolation strips are arranged outside each sub-array, and the isolation strips are a row or a column of rectangular metal sheets arranged at a preset interval.

[0072] In this embodiment, in order to improve the isolation between sub-arrays in the antenna array, isolation bars can be added between the sub-arrays. These isolation bars are rectangular metal sheets arranged in a row or a column periodically, and can be placed horizontally or vertically between the sub-arrays. The period and total length of the arrangement can be optimized according to design and simulation. In a specific embodiment, the length of the rectangular metal sheet is 0.4 mm, the spacing is 0.1 mm, so the period is 0.5 mm.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a feeding element, a high-frequency radiation patch, and a low-frequency radiation patch. The high-frequency radiation patch is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The feeding element is disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the high-frequency radiation patch is fed through the feeding element. The high-frequency radiation patch has at least two vertical angles distributed at diagonal positions. Outside each of the two vertical sides corresponding to any one of the vertical angles of the high-frequency radiation patch, a low-frequency radiation patch is respectively disposed. The two low-frequency radiation patches are respectively parallel to the corresponding vertical sides and are coupled and fed in the upper surface with the high-frequency radiation patch; The shape of the high-frequency radiation patch is a square with chamfers; The shape of the low-frequency radiation patch includes a rectangle, and the low-frequency radiation patch includes a first low-frequency radiation patch and a second low-frequency radiation patch; Both the first low-frequency radiation patch and the second low-frequency radiation patch include a first part parallel to the vertical side of the high-frequency radiation patch and a second part parallel to the chamfered side of the high-frequency radiation patch. The first part of the first low-frequency radiation patch is connected to the second part of the first low-frequency radiation patch, and the first part of the second low-frequency radiation patch is connected to the second part of the second low-frequency radiation patch.

2. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein The feeding element includes a feeding patch and a metallized feeding via. The feeding patch is disposed at another vertical angle outside the vertical angle where the low-frequency radiation patch is disposed. The feeding patch is directly connected to any one of the vertical sides of the other vertical angle. The metallized feeding via is disposed in the dielectric substrate and is directly connected to the feeding patch.

3. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding element includes a feeding metal square loop and a signal port. The shape of the high-frequency radiation patch is a square. The feeding metal square loop is disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and forms a coupling with the high-frequency radiation patch. The signal port is disposed outside any one of the vertical angles of the feeding metal square loop, and the signal port is distributed at an approximate diagonal position with respect to the vertical angle where the low-frequency radiation patch is disposed.

4. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna according to claim 2, wherein Starting from the feeding patch and in the clockwise direction as the setting sequence, the first low-frequency radiation patch and the second low-frequency radiation patch are sequentially disposed outside the vertical angle at the diagonal position of the vertical angle where the feeding patch is located. The length of the first low-frequency radiation patch is greater than the length of the second low-frequency radiation patch.

5. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna according to claim 3, wherein Starting from the signal port and in the clockwise direction as the setting sequence, the first low-frequency radiation patch and the second low-frequency radiation patch are sequentially disposed outside the vertical angle at the diagonal position of the vertical angle where the signal port is located. The length of the first low-frequency radiation patch is greater than the length of the second low-frequency radiation patch.

6. The compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein The dielectric substrate is a square, the midpoint of the dielectric substrate coincides with the midpoint of the high-frequency radiation patch, and the side lines of the high-frequency radiation patch are parallel to the opposite side lines of the dielectric substrate.

7. A compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna array, characterized in that, The array includes a plurality of dual-frequency oscillators, which are arranged in an array in both the horizontal and vertical directions in a preset equal-spacing arrangement. Each dual-frequency oscillator corresponds to a feeding port, and the dual-frequency oscillator is a compact dual-frequency circularly polarized satellite antenna composed of a high-frequency radiation patch and two low-frequency radiation patches as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna array according to claim 7, characterized in that, The array includes a plurality of sub-arrays, and each sub-array is composed of at least two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators. Each sub-array corresponds to a feeding port.

9. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna array according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sub-array includes an independent sub-array, and an independent high-frequency radiation patch is arranged between two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators. The independent sub-array is composed of the independent high-frequency radiation patch and the two adjacent dual-frequency oscillators.

10. The compact dual-band circularly polarized satellite antenna array according to claim 8, characterized in that, Isolation bars are arranged outside each sub-array, and the isolation bars are a row or a column of rectangular metal sheets arranged at a preset interval.

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