Plant living sand barrier sand prevention system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of plant live sand barrier sand prevention systems.The plant live sand barrier sand prevention system includes: arch door shape live sand barrier sand resistance zone, triangular live sand barrier sand fixation zone and square grid shape live sand barrier sand fixation zone are sequentially arranged along the main wind direction, the arch door shape live sand barrier sand resistance zone, triangular live sand barrier sand fixation zone and square grid shape live sand barrier sand fixation zone are all arranged in strip shape and parallel to each other, and each strip extends along the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction.The plant live sand barrier sand prevention system of the application integrates the structure and function of plant sand barrier and mechanical sand barrier, and the plant sprout generated by layering propagation technology fills the near-surface blank area between plant shrubs, has strong wind resistance and sand storage function, and has good sustainable biological sand fixation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological environment governance technology, and specifically relates to a plant-based living sand barrier sand prevention system. Background Technology

[0002] Living sand barriers are built on shifting sand dunes. By utilizing the density and height of the branches and leaves of suitable and excellent sand-loving shrubs, living plants are set up in strips or grids to form a fence-like sand barrier. The layered structure reduces wind force, deposits drifting sand, and mitigates wind and sand damage to the protected area. At the same time, it protects the fragile water balance of the sand dunes between the barriers. It has the characteristics of low water consumption, low coverage, and low cost of biological control.

[0003] Currently, suitable plant species for use as living sand barriers include sand willow, caragana, sand wormwood, purple locust, sand jujube, sea buckthorn, pandanus, tamarisk, Mongolian wormwood, Buddleja officinalis, highland barley, oats, wheat, and Jerusalem artichoke tubers. These plant materials are readily available. In sandy areas, the principle of "suitable trees for suitable sites" is generally adopted, and row-shaped or grid-shaped living sand barriers are constructed through planting, cutting, or sowing, resulting in a high survival rate. However, when using this living sand barrier technology to control sand damage, the plant's stress limit and low soil moisture content are important limiting factors. This means that no matter how well-selected suitable and highly stress-resistant plants are combined with efficient water-saving measures, the live sand barrier technology cannot achieve the control effect of full-coverage afforestation.

[0004] Living sand barriers, constructed by densely inserting branches in strips or grids, enhance the soil's resistance to erosion through natural plant propagation, making them significant for regional ecological restoration projects that primarily rely on biological control. However, some problems still exist in the practical application of living sand barriers in sand control engineering. Firstly, the dense insertion of numerous branches such as *Salix matsudana* in strips or grids, such as… Figure 1a As shown, the spacing between cuttings is generally 1-2 cm, which consumes a lot of branches and water. The above-ground branches compete for space and sunlight, while the underground root system competes for water and nutrients, resulting in a low survival rate. Even if the survival rate is high due to sufficient water in the early stages, the interspecific competition and high water consumption will lead to a low survival rate in the later stages, and its sand-prevention and ecological effects will be significantly reduced.

[0005] Secondly, the living sand barriers formed by row-like or net-like shrubbery such as *Salix matsudana* create gaps near the ground between adjacent shrubs due to the natural inverted conical canopy structure of the shrubs. Figure 1b As shown, this allows near-surface sandstorms to penetrate deeply, thereby weakening the effectiveness of sand control, especially significantly reducing the sand-fixing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a plant-based living sand barrier system for sand control, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes:

[0008] This invention provides a plant-based sand barrier sand control system, which includes an arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt, a triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt, and a grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt, and the grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0009] The arch-shaped sand barrier includes multiple first mother trees spaced apart from each other, wherein at least one pair of branches on adjacent first mother trees are connected to each other to form at least one arc-shaped arch structure.

[0010] The triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second branches. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction.

[0011] The grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third branches. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant is located at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third branch is located on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0013] (1) The arch-shaped active sand barrier of the present invention utilizes the interconnection between the branches of adjacent mother shrubs to construct a permeable grid chamber with an arch structure at the top. Taking the mother plant as a point, the branches and offshoots between adjacent mother plants together form the top and sides of the sand barrier. This structure is different from the spatial structure of the point-like shrubs in ordinary ecological forests or the general square-shaped active sand barrier, integrating the structure and function of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. As the plants continue to grow, their wind-blocking, sand-fixing, and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant. Moreover, the arch structure of the present invention is formed by the interconnection of the branches of the mother plants in the top space between the shrubs. Once the mother plants have grown, it can be quickly and once established, with a short construction cycle, and can quickly achieve the effect of wind-blocking and sand-fixing.

[0014] (2) In the triangular sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped sand-fixing belt of the present invention, the corners of each triangle or grid are set facing upwind, so that when the airflow enters the sand-fixing belt, it first hits the mother tree and then diverts to the rear. Then it rubs and flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the branch trees. After hitting the mother tree downwind, it is diverted again. The above process is repeated. After the airflow is diverted multiple times, the energy will be greatly weakened, and the sand-fixing effect in the sand-fixing belt is strong.

[0015] (3) In the triangular and square sand-fixing belts of the present invention, the mother plant and the division are connected by layering and have complementary functions of water and nutrients, which further reduces the overall water consumption. The layering has water supply from the mother plant, and the offspring shrub propagation has a high survival rate, strong resistance and environmental adaptability, and can be applied to most sandy habitats suitable for planting sand plants such as sand willow.

[0016] (4) In the triangular and grid-shaped sand-fixing belts of the present invention, each corner of the triangular and grid-shaped sand-fixing belt is a mother plant shrub. The barrier between each corner consists of three parts: the offspring shrubs propagated from the mother plant shrubs to adjacent mother plants through layering, the layering itself, and the branches sprouting from the layering. The whole structure is a triangular and grid-shaped grid structure, which integrates the structure and function of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. As the plants continue to grow and propagate, the original sand barrier pattern can be maintained and expanded, and the grid density can be increased. Its windbreak, sand fixation, and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant.

[0017] (5) In the plant-based sand barrier sand control system of the present invention, the arch-shaped sand barrier sand blocking belt intercepts the upwind flowing sand. The small amount of flowing sand that is missed is fixed layer by layer by the downwind triangular sand barrier sand fixing belt and the grid-shaped sand barrier sand fixing belt. The three cooperate with each other. The sand blocking belt suppresses the wind force by blocking the arch-shaped structure, and the sand fixing belt reduces the wind force by the turbulence friction of the side barrier. The whole system can block and fix most of the wind and sand flow.

[0018] (6) The plant-based sand barrier system of the present invention has low afforestation cost. While effectively blocking and fixing sand, it greatly reduces the amount of plants and cuttings used per unit area, reduces water loss in sandy areas, makes up for the defects of large-scale afforestation and management, and has a good sustainable biological management effect.

[0019] (7) The division of the present invention fills the near-surface blank area between the mother plant shrubs, making up for the sand leakage defect caused by the natural inverted conical shape of the sand shrub, and can block and fix the wind and sand flow in all directions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1a It is a strip or grid-like live sand barrier diagram in the existing technology;

[0022] Figure 1b It is a diagram of the natural inverted conical canopy of shrubs in existing strip or grid-like living sand barriers;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a plant-based living sand barrier sand control system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of the arch structure between two adjacent mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arch structure between two adjacent rows of mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the branching structure between two adjacent mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Explanation of the labels in the attached diagram: 1-Plant; 10-First strip; 11-First mother plant; 12-First division; 121-First generation layering; 122-First generation shrub; 123-Second generation layering; 124-Second generation shrub; 125-Next generation layering sprouting from the first generation layering; 2-Planting point; 21-Planting point of the mother plant; 22-Planting location of the layering; 23-Planting location of the first generation layering; 24-Planting location of the second generation layering; 3-Arch; 4-Arch-shaped active sand barrier; 5-Triangular active sand barrier; 6-Square active sand barrier; 7-Protected object; 8-Main wind direction; 81-Airflow that has been split multiple times; 9-Sand surface; 13-Second strip; 14-Third strip. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors of this invention, through long-term research and extensive practice, have proposed the technical solution of this invention. The following will further explain and illustrate the technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] This invention provides a plant-based sand barrier sand control system, which includes an arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt, a triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt, and a grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt, and the grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0030] The arch-shaped sand barrier includes multiple first mother trees spaced apart from each other, wherein at least one pair of branches on adjacent first mother trees are connected to each other to form at least one arc-shaped arch structure.

[0031] The triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second branches. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction.

[0032] The grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third branches. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant is located at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third branch is located on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction.

[0033] In some implementations, the first parent plant is a sand-loving shrub that grows to a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m after 2-3 years.

[0034] Furthermore, the first mother plant includes at least one of the following: seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*, *Caragana korshinskii*, etc.

[0035] In some implementation schemes, each of the first mother plants is planted at a first planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent first planting points.

[0036] In some implementations, multiple pairs of branches on adjacent first mother plants connect to form multiple arc-shaped arch structures distributed along the height direction. The arch structures are multi-layered arcs, with the branches on adjacent first mother plants enclosing and forming multi-layered arc-shaped arch structures of different heights.

[0037] In some implementations, multiple first mother plants are interconnected and enclosed by the arched structure to form a permeable lattice chamber. The arched structure encloses the space between adjacent first mother plants and the top space.

[0038] Specifically, the branches on the adjacent first mother plant are bound together with ties or ropes to form a multi-layered, arc-shaped arch structure with different heights. Because the branches of the first mother plant are of varying lengths, the arch formed by binding these branches together is a multi-layered structure, meaning that arches can be formed at different height levels.

[0039] In some implementations, the multiple first mother plants are divided into multiple groups, and the multiple first mother plants in each group are arranged along a polygon. Each first mother plant is respectively arranged at a corresponding vertex of the polygon, and the multiple polygons are connected to each other to form multiple first strips. The multiple first strips are arranged parallel to each other and all extend in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0040] In some implementations, the arch-shaped sand barrier also includes multiple first branches, with at least one first branch distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and at least one first branch is formed by layering from the branches of a corresponding first mother plant.

[0041] In some implementations, the polygon includes a triangle, a rectangle, or a rhombus.

[0042] In some implementations, the arch-shaped active sand barrier includes 3-10 first strips, with a spacing of 1.7-4.3m between adjacent first strips.

[0043] In some embodiments, at least one of the first divisions comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the first divisions comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the first mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, and the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from the (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2.

[0044] In some implementations, the second mother plant includes either *Salix psammophila* or *Caragana korshinskii*, wherein the second mother plant can be obtained by means of seedlings or cuttings. After 2-3 years of growth, the *Salix psammophila* will be 2-3m tall and have a crown width of 2-4m.

[0045] In some implementations, each second mother plant is planted at a second planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent second planting points.

[0046] In some implementations, multiple triangular sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction.

[0047] In some implementations, multiple of the triangular sand barriers are combined to form a tall, upright grid structure.

[0048] In some implementation schemes, the triangular sand-fixing barrier also includes multiple second branches, with at least one second branch distributed between any two adjacent second mother plants within the same triangular sand-fixing barrier, and at least one second branch being formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant.

[0049] In some embodiments, at least one second division comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one second division comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the second mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, wherein the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2.

[0050] In some embodiments, each side of the triangular living sand barrier is formed by branches of a shrub and a second mother plant, the shrub being composed of a second lateral plant.

[0051] In some implementations, each second mother plant in the triangular sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0052] In some implementations, multiple layering planting positions are spaced apart on the line connecting any two second mother plants in each of the triangular sand barriers, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between adjacent layering planting positions.

[0053] Furthermore, the second division includes first-generation layering, first-generation shrubs, second-generation layering, second-generation shrubs, third-generation layering, third-generation shrubs, and branches sprouting from the first-generation layering. The layering propagation involves simultaneously layering branches from each of the second mother plants at multiple layering planting locations to obtain the second division. Alternatively, the layering propagation involves layering branches of the second division generation by generation. In engineering practice, both methods can be used to accelerate the formation of multiple divisions and shrub clusters.

[0054] In some implementation schemes, the minimum spacing between adjacent triangular sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0055] In some implementations, the spacing between the second mother plants within the same triangular sand barrier is 2-5m.

[0056] In some implementations, the multiple triangular sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, with the triangular sand barriers in each group distributed on a second strip and spaced apart sequentially along the extension direction of the second strip, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the multiple second strips are arranged parallel to each other.

[0057] In some implementations, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 second strips, each second strip having a width of 1.7-4.3m, the second strips being spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent second strips.

[0058] In some implementations, the third mother plant includes either *Salix psammophila* or *Caragana korshinskii*, wherein the third mother plant can be obtained by seedling or cutting, and has a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m.

[0059] In some implementations, each of the third mother plants is planted at a third planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent third planting points.

[0060] In some implementations, multiple of the aforementioned grid-shaped active sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction.

[0061] In some implementations, multiple of the aforementioned square-shaped active sand barriers are combined to form a tall, upright grid structure.

[0062] In some implementations, the grid-shaped active sand fixation and sand-blocking belt also includes multiple third branches, with at least one third branch distributed between any two adjacent third mother plants within the same grid-shaped active sand barrier, and at least one of the third branches is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant.

[0063] In some embodiments, at least one of the third divisions includes a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the third divisions includes a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, the descendant layered plant including a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, the first-generation layered plant being a branch of the third mother plant, the second-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, the nth-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2.

[0064] In some implementations, each side of the grid-shaped living sand barrier is formed by shrubs and branches of a third mother plant, the shrubs being composed of a third lateral plant.

[0065] In some implementations, each third mother plant in the grid-shaped active sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0066] In some implementations, multiple layering planting positions are spaced apart on the line connecting any two third mother plants in each of the grid-shaped live sand barriers, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between adjacent layering planting positions.

[0067] In some implementation schemes, the minimum spacing between adjacent square sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0068] In some implementations, the spacing between third mother plants within the same grid-shaped sand barrier is 2-5m.

[0069] In some implementations, the multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers are divided into groups, with each group's grid-shaped active sand barriers distributed on a third strip, and spaced apart sequentially along the extension direction of the third strip, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The multiple third strips are arranged parallel to each other. In this invention, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing strip is placed in the downwind direction, closest to the protected object, forming the last line of defense and completely fixing any remaining sand and dust.

[0070] In some implementations, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 third strips, each third strip having a width of 2.8-7.1m, and the third strips are spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent third strips.

[0071] In some implementations, each side of the grid-shaped living sand barrier is formed by shrubs, which are composed of third branches.

[0072] In some implementations, the layering propagation method includes: selecting healthy, disease-free branches from a first, second, or third mother plant; pressing the branches into the soil at the planting location; covering and compacting the soil to secure the branches.

[0073] In some preferred embodiments, the branch has a diameter of 0.5-2 cm, a length of 0.5-1.5 m, and is pressed into the soil at the planting location to a depth of 10-15 cm.

[0074] In some more specific implementations, the layering propagation method specifically includes:

[0075] After a spring rain, select healthy, disease-free, one- to two-year-old branches from the mother plant, about 0.5-2cm in diameter and 0.5-1.5m in length. Bend the branches and press them into the soil at the planting location for layering to a depth of 10-15cm, cover and compact the sand, and then cover the soil surface above the layering with stones to ensure that the branches are fixed in the soil.

[0076] By selecting multiple long branches from the first, second, or third mother plant and simultaneously layering these branches at multiple planting locations, multiple components of a shrub can be established at once. Alternatively, layering can be performed generation by generation on branches of first-generation, second-generation, or third-generation shrubs. In engineering practice, both methods can be used to accelerate the formation of multiple shrubs and shrub clusters.

[0077] In some implementations, the width of the arch-shaped sand barrier is 6-50m.

[0078] In some implementations, the width of the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m.

[0079] In some implementations, the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m.

[0080] In some implementations, blank strips are provided between adjacent strips in the arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing strip, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing strip, and the width of the blank strips is 10-50m.

[0081] In this invention, compared to the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt has a larger cell space, thus having a larger sand accumulation area and capacity, and can fix more windblown sand. Furthermore, in the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt, because the angle between the side of each square and the prevailing wind direction is larger than the corresponding value in the triangle, the turbulence angle of the airflow along each side is larger, resulting in stronger friction and stronger wind resistance and sand fixation. Therefore, along the prevailing wind direction, the sand fixation and wind resistance efficiency increase sequentially from the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt to the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt. When the windblown sand flows through the arch-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt, some of the windblown sand flows will pass through the sand fixation belt. This portion of the windblown sand flow is first intercepted and fixed by the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt, and then the small amount of sand that escapes is finally captured and fixed by the downwind grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt. The entire system can achieve the effect of intercepting and fixing the vast majority of the windblown sand flow.

[0082] Example 1

[0083] Please see Figures 2-5 The present implementation provides a plant-based sand barrier sand control system, which includes an arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt 4, a triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt 5, and a grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt 6 arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt 4, the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt 5, and the grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt 6 are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0084] like Figures 2-4As shown, the arch-shaped sand barrier 4 includes multiple first mother plants 11 spaced apart from each other. The first mother plants 11 are planted in the first planting point 21, and multiple pairs of branches on adjacent first mother plants 11 are connected to each other to form multiple arc-shaped arch structures 3 distributed along the height direction. The multiple first mother plants 11 are connected to each other through the arc-shaped arch structures 3 and enclosed to form a permeable grid chamber. The arch structure 3 encloses the space between adjacent first mother plants 11 and the top space.

[0085] The multiple first mother plants 11 are divided into multiple groups, with each group of multiple first mother plants 11 arranged along a triangle. Each first mother plant 11 is located at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and the multiple triangles are interconnected to form multiple first strips 10. The multiple first strips 10 are arranged parallel to each other and extend in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The arch-shaped active sand barrier also includes multiple first branches 12. At least one first branch 12 is distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants 11 in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the first branch 12 is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding first mother plant 11.

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown, the first branch 12 includes a first-generation layered plant 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layered plant 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered plant 125 sprouting from the layered plant. The first branch 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22. The first-generation layered plant 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, with branches extending outwards to form a first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layered plant 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, with branches extending outwards to form a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered plant 125 sprouting from the layered plant. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located between any two adjacent first mother plants in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between adjacent layering planting positions.

[0087] Specifically, the distance between two adjacent first mother plants 11 is 2-5m. After 2-3 years of growth, the height of the first plant 11 is 2-3m and the crown width is 2-4m. The distance between adjacent first planting points 21 is 2-5m. The number of strips in the first strip 10 is 3-10 rows, and the distance between adjacent first strips is 1.7-4.3m. The first plant 1 includes seedlings or cuttings of Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii.

[0088] like Figures 2-4As shown, the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt 5 includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants 11 and multiple second branches 12. The second mother plants 11 are planted at the second planting point 21. The three second mother plants 11 are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant 11 is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch 12 is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch 12 is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant 11. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction.

[0089] Specifically, multiple triangular active sand barriers are spaced apart and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction. These triangular active sand barriers form a tall, upright grid structure. The multiple triangular active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, with each group's triangular active sand barriers distributed along a second strip 13, spaced apart along the extension direction of the second strip 13, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. Multiple second strips 13 are arranged parallel to each other. The number of second strips is 3-10 rows, and the width of each second strip is 1.7-4.3m. The distance between the vertices of adjacent triangular active sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0090] Specifically, the second mother plant 11 includes seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*. The spacing between the second mother plants 11 is 2-5m. After 2-3 years of growth, the height of the second mother plant is 2-3m and the crown width is 2-4m. The spacing between adjacent second planting points 21 is 2-5m.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the second division 12 includes a first-generation layered branch 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layered branch 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The second division 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22, the first-generation layered branch 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, and the branches extend outwards to form the first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layered branch 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, and the branches extend outwards to form the second-generation shrub 124, as well as the next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located on each side of the triangle, and the distance between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1m.

[0092] like Figures 2-4As shown, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt 6 includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes three third mother plants 11 and multiple third branches 12. The third mother plants 11 are planted at the third planting point 21. The three third mother plants 11 are arranged in a grid pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant 11 is set at a corresponding vertex of the grid. At least one third branch 12 is set on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch 12 is formed by layering from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant 11. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction.

[0093] Specifically, multiple square-shaped active sand barriers are spaced apart and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction. These multiple square-shaped active sand barriers form a tall, upright grid structure. The multiple square-shaped active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, with the sand barriers in each group distributed along a third strip 14, spaced apart along the extension direction of the third strip 14, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The multiple third strips 14 are arranged parallel to each other. There are 3-10 rows of third strips, each with a width of 2.8-7.1m. The third strips are spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent third strips. The distance between the apexes of adjacent square-shaped active sand barriers is also 1-2.5m.

[0094] Specifically, the third mother plant 11 includes seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*. The spacing between the third mother plants 11 is 2-5m. After 2-3 years of growth, the height of the third mother plant 11 is 2-3m, and the crown width is 2-4m. The spacing between adjacent third planting points 21 is 2-5m.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, the third branch 12 includes a first-generation layered branch 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layered branch 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The third branch 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22, the first-generation layered branch 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, and the branches extend outwards to form the first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layered branch 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, and the branches extend outwards to form the second-generation shrub 124, as well as the next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located on each side of the grid, and the spacing between each layering planting position is 0.5-1m.

[0096] The width of the arch-shaped active sand barrier 4 is 6-50m; the width of the triangular active sand barrier 5 is 20-100m; and the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6 is 20-100m. A blank strip, 10-50m wide, is provided between adjacent strips in the arch-shaped active sand barrier 4, the triangular active sand barrier 5, and the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6.

[0097] In the plant-based sand barrier system provided in this embodiment, the arch-shaped sand barrier band 4 utilizes the interconnection between the branches of adjacent mother shrubs to construct a permeable grid chamber with an arched top. With the mother plant as a focal point, the branches and offshoots of adjacent mother plants together enclose the top and sides of the sand barrier. This structure differs from the point-like shrubbery of ordinary ecological forests or the spatial structure of general grid-shaped sand barriers; it integrates the structure and function of plant-based and mechanical sand barriers. As the plants continue to grow, their windbreak, sand-fixing, and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant.

[0098] Furthermore, in the plant-based sand barrier sand control system provided in this embodiment, the arch-shaped sand barrier sand-blocking belt 4 intercepts upwind drifting sand. Any remaining drifting sand is then fixed layer by layer by the downwind triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt 5 and the grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt 6. These three elements work synergistically. The sand-blocking belt 4 uses its arch-shaped structure to suppress wind force, while the sand-fixing belts 5 and 6 reduce wind force through the turbulent friction of their side barriers. The entire system can block and fix the vast majority of windblown sand. Moreover, the sand-fixing and wind-blocking efficiency increases sequentially from the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt 5 to the grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt 6.

[0099] In the triangular sand-fixing belt 5 and the grid-shaped sand-fixing belt 6, at least one vertex of each triangle or grid is set facing the prevailing wind direction. This allows the airflow to first collide with the mother tree 11 when it enters the sand-fixing belt, and then be diverted diagonally backward. It then rubs and flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the branch trees 12. After colliding with the mother tree 11 downwind, it is diverted again. This process is repeated, and the energy of the airflow 81 that has been diverted multiple times will be greatly weakened. The sand-fixing belt has a strong sand-settling effect and can effectively protect the protected object 7.

[0100] Moreover, compared to the triangular active sand barrier 5, the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6 has a larger cell space, thus possessing a larger sand accumulation area and capacity, and can fix more windblown sand. Furthermore, in the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6, because the angle between the side of each square and the prevailing wind direction is larger than the corresponding value in the triangle, the turbulence angle of the airflow along each side is greater, resulting in stronger friction and thus stronger wind resistance and sand fixation. Therefore, along the prevailing wind direction, the sand fixation and wind resistance efficiency increase sequentially from the triangular active sand barrier 5 to the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6.

[0101] The plant-based sand barrier system in this embodiment integrates the structure and function of plant and mechanical sand barriers. Plant divisions produced by layering propagation technology fill the near-surface gaps between plant shrubs, providing strong wind resistance and sand storage capabilities, and exhibiting excellent sustainable biological sand fixation effects.

[0102] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-based living sand barrier sand control system, characterized in that, It includes an arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, a triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and a grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The arch-shaped sand barrier includes multiple first mother trees spaced apart from each other, wherein at least one pair of branches on adjacent first mother trees are connected to each other to form at least one arc-shaped arch structure. The triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second branches. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction. The grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third branches. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant is located at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third branch is located on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction.

2. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mother plant is a sand-loving shrub, with a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the first mother plants is planted at a first planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent first planting points; And / or, multiple pairs of branches on adjacent first mother plants connect with each other to form multiple arc-shaped arch structures distributed along the height direction; And / or, multiple first mother plants are interconnected and enclosed by the arched structure to form a permeable lattice chamber; And / or, the multiple first mother plants are divided into multiple groups, and the multiple first mother plants in each group are arranged along a polygon. Each first mother plant is arranged on a corresponding vertex of the polygon, and the multiple polygons are connected to each other to form multiple first strips. The multiple first strips are arranged parallel to each other and all extend in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction. And / or, the arch-shaped sand barrier also includes multiple first branches, with at least one first branch distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and at least one first branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of a corresponding first mother plant.

3. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polygon includes triangles, rectangles, or rhombuses; And / or, the first mother plant includes Salix psammophila or Caragana korshinskii; And / or, the arch-shaped sand barrier includes 3-10 first strips, with a spacing of 1.7-4.3m between adjacent first strips; And / or, at least one of the first divisions comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the first divisions comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the first mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, wherein the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from (n-1)th-generation layered plant, and n≥2.

4. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mother plant includes sand willow or caragana, and is 2-3m tall with a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the second mother plants is planted at a second planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent second planting points; And / or, multiple triangular sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction; And / or, multiple of the aforementioned triangular active sand barriers are combined to form a tall vertical grid structure; And / or, the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt also includes multiple second branches, with at least one second branch distributed between any two adjacent second mother plants within the same triangular sand barrier, and at least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. And / or, at least one of the second divisions comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the second divisions comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the second mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, wherein the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the (n-1)th-generation layered plant, and n≥2; And / or, each side of the triangular living sand barrier is formed by branches of a shrub and a second mother plant, the shrub being composed of a second branch; And / or, each second mother plant in the triangular sand barrier is planted in the corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, in each of the triangular sand barriers, multiple layering planting positions are arranged at intervals along the line connecting any two second mother plants, with the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions being 0.5-1m.

5. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shortest distance between adjacent triangular sand barriers is 1-2.5m; And / or, the spacing between the second mother plants within the same triangular sand barrier is 2-5m; And / or, the multiple triangular active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, and the triangular active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a second strip and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second strip. The extension direction of the second strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the multiple second strips are arranged parallel to each other.

6. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 second strips, each second strip having a width of 1.7-4.3m. The second strips are spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent second strips.

7. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third mother plant includes sand willow or caragana, and is 2-3m tall with a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the third mother plants is planted at a third planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent third planting points; And / or, multiple of the aforementioned square-shaped active sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction; And / or, multiple of the aforementioned square-shaped active sand barriers are combined to form a tall vertical grid structure; And / or, the grid-shaped sand barrier sand fixation belt also includes multiple third branches, with at least one third branch distributed between any two adjacent third mother plants within the same grid-shaped sand barrier, and at least one of the third branches is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. And / or, at least one of the third divisions includes a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the third divisions includes a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, the descendant layered plant including a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, the first-generation layered plant being a branch of the third mother plant, the second-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, the nth-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2; And / or, each side of the grid-shaped living sand barrier is formed by shrubs and branches of a third mother plant, the shrubs being composed of a third branch; And / or, each third mother plant in the grid-shaped live sand barrier is planted in the corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, in each of the aforementioned square-shaped living sand barriers, multiple layering planting positions are arranged at intervals along the line connecting any two third mother plants, with the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions being 0.5-1m.

8. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The minimum distance between adjacent square-shaped active sand barriers is 1-2.5m; And / or, the spacing between the third mother plants within the same grid-shaped sand barrier is 2-5m; And / or, the multiple square-shaped active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, and the square-shaped active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a third strip and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the third strip. The extension direction of the third strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the multiple third strips are arranged parallel to each other. And / or, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 third strips, each third strip having a width of 2.8-7.1m, the third strips being spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent third strips.

9. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layering propagation method includes: selecting healthy, disease-free branches from the first, second, or third mother plant; pressing the branches into the soil at the planting location, covering and compacting the soil to fix the branches.

10. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The branches have a diameter of 0.5-2cm, a length of 0.5-1.5m, and are pressed into the soil at the planting location to a depth of 10-15cm.

11. The plant-based sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the arch-shaped active sand barrier is 6-50m; And / or, the width of the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m; And / or, the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m; And / or, in the arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt, there are blank strips between adjacent strips, and the width of the blank strips is 10-50m.

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