Frost detection and defrost control

Abstract

A system for detecting frost in an evaporator coil is provided. The system comprises a controller and a probe. The probe includes one or more electrodes. The probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil. The probe is configured to transmit detection results of environmental condition (s) of the component adjacent the evaporator coil to the controller. The controller initiates and terminates a defrost operation based on the environmental condition (s) reported by the probe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the detection and remediation of frost in an evaporator disposed, for example, in a transport climate control system. Background Art

[0002] Transport climate control systems can include, for example, a transport climate control system (TCS) and / or a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. A TCS is generally used to control environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, air quality, and the like) within the cargo space of a transport unit (e.g., a truck, a container (e.g., a container on a flatcar, an intermodal container, etc.), a box truck, a semi-trailer tractor, a passenger vehicle, or other similar transport unit). The TCS can maintain one or more environmental conditions within the cargo space to maintain the integrity of the cargo (e.g., agricultural products, frozen foods, pharmaceuticals, etc.). In some embodiments, the transport unit can include an HVAC system to control the climate within the passenger space of the vehicle.

[0003] The presence of frost and / or ice on various components of the TCS (e.g., evaporator coils) is detrimental to the effective operation and maintenance of such components. Currently, to detect the presence of frost and / or ice, a delta T measurement is taken between the return and discharge of the evaporator and then compared to a table of expected values. If the difference between the delta T and the expected value is greater than an acceptable threshold, frost accumulation can be assumed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure generally relates to maintaining one or more environmental conditions for effective climate control in, for example, a transport climate control system, including but not limited to a transport climate control system having a central evaporator and one or more remote evaporators.

[0005] Embodiments described herein can improve the accuracy of initiation and termination of defrost operations in a transport climate control system and thereby reduce the energy used during the defrost operations.

[0006] Furthermore, in a multi-zone climate control application in which there is a host climate control unit and one or more remote climate control units each having a remote evaporator, embodiments described herein can use one or more frost detection probes on different evaporators to determine the order of defrost operations for effective defrosting of all evaporators.

[0007] According to at least one non - limiting exemplary embodiment, a system for detecting frost in an evaporator coil includes a controller and a probe. The probe has one or more electrodes, and the probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil. Additionally, the probe is configured to transmit the detection results of one or more environmental conditions adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller. The controller starts and terminates a defrost operation based on the (multiple) environmental conditions reported by the probe.

[0008] According to at least one other non - limiting exemplary embodiment, a method implemented by a controller to regulate frost accumulation includes periodically receiving from a probe a resistance value measured between at least two paired electrodes configured to the probe. In at least one alternative embodiment, a voltage across the probe may be received, where Ohm's law is used to determine the resistance. The probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil and is configured to transmit the measured resistance adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller. When the periodically received measured resistance value is at least a threshold resistance value, the controller further implements a defrost operation, and when the periodically received measured resistance value is below the threshold resistance value, the controller pauses the defrost operation.

[0009] According to at least one other non - limiting exemplary embodiment, a method implemented by a controller to regulate frost accumulation includes: periodically receiving from a probe a resistance measured between an electrode and a component of an evaporator, the electrode being configured to the probe. The probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil, and the probe is configured to transmit the measured resistance adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller. When the periodically received measured resistance is at least a threshold resistance value, the controller implements a defrost operation, and when the periodically received measured resistance is below the threshold resistance value, the controller implements a defrost operation.

[0010] According to at least one other non - limiting exemplary embodiment, a frost detection probe corresponding to a climate control component includes one or more electrodes that transmit environmental conditions adjacent to the climate control component to a controller to indicate the detection results of frost on the climate control component. The controller starts the defrost operation when receiving data indicating that a threshold amount of frost has been detected on the component of the evaporator coil. The probe also transmits the environmental conditions adjacent to the climate control component to the controller, thereby indicating the amount of frost reduction on the climate control component. The controller also terminates the defrost operation when receiving data indicating a threshold reduction in the detected frost on the climate control component. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present disclosure and illustrate embodiments in which the systems and methods described in this specification may be practiced.

[0012] Figure 1A A perspective view of a container including a transport climate control system is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0013] Figure 1B A perspective view of a climate-controlled transport unit attached to a tractor is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0014] Figure 1C A side view of a truck having a transport climate control system is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0015] Figure 1D A side view of a van having a transport climate control system is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0016] Figure 1E A perspective view of a passenger vehicle including a transport climate control system is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0017] Figure 2 A probe for frost detection and defrost control is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0018] Figure 3 A depiction of an environment for frost detection and defrost control is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0019] Figure 4 An example of an evaporator coil having a plurality of probes disposed thereon is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0020] Figure 5A Together with Figure 5B and Figure 5C A portion of a non-limiting example process flow for frost detection and defrost control is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0021] Figure 5B Together with Figure 5A and Figure 5C A portion of a non-limiting example process flow for frost detection and defrost control is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0022] Figure 5C Together with Figure 5A and Figure 5BShows a portion of a non - limiting example processing flow for frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0023] Figure 6A Together with Figure 6B and Figure 6C Shows a portion of a non - limiting example processing flow for frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0024] Figure 6B Together with Figure 6A and Figure 6C Shows a portion of a non - limiting example processing flow for frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0025] Figure 6C Together with Figure 6A and Figure 6B Is a portion of a non - limiting example processing flow for frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0026] Figure 7 Shows a non - limiting example of a probe attached to an evaporator coil according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0027] Figure 8 Shows a non - limiting example of a probe attached to an evaporator coil according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0028] Figure 9A Shows a non - limiting example of a probe according to at least one alternative embodiment described and recited herein.

[0029] Figure 9B Shows an exemplary probe mounted on an evaporator coil according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein Figure 9A of.

[0030] Figure 10A Shows a non - limiting example of a probe according to at least one alternative embodiment described and recited herein.

[0031] Figure 10B Shows an exemplary probe mounted on an evaporator coil according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein Figure 10A of.

[0032] Figure 11A Shows a non - limiting example of a probe according to at least one alternative embodiment described and recited herein.

[0033] Figure 11Billustrates a Figure 11A exemplary probe mounted on an evaporator coil according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, like symbols typically identify like components, unless context dictates otherwise. Additionally, unless otherwise noted, the description of each successive drawing may reference features from one or more of the previous drawings to provide a clearer context and substantial explanation for the current exemplary embodiment. Still, the exemplary embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not intended to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject presented herein. It will be readily understood that aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described and illustrated herein, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are expressly contemplated herein.

[0035] The present disclosure generally relates to the detection and remediation of frost in an evaporator, which is provided, for example, in a climate control unit of a transport climate control system, a remote climate control unit, and the like.

[0036] Transport climate control systems are generally used to control one or more environmental conditions within a climate-controlled space of a transport unit, such as, but not limited to, temperature, humidity, air quality, or combinations thereof. Examples of transport units include, but are not limited to, trucks, containers (i.e., containers on flatcars, intermodal containers, marine containers, rail containers, etc.), box trucks, semi-trailer tractors, passenger vehicles (e.g., mass transit buses), or other similar transport units. Climate-controlled transport units may transport perishable items, such as, for example, pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, frozen foods, and meat products, and / or may be used to provide climate comfort for passengers in the passenger space of a passenger vehicle. A transport climate control system corresponding to a transport unit may include a vapor-compression type climate control system, a heat accumulator type system, or any other suitable climate control system that may use a working fluid (e.g., refrigerant, etc.).

[0037] A transport climate control system may include a climate control unit (CCU) attached to a transport unit and configured to control one or more environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, air quality, etc.) within a climate-controlled space of the climate-controlled transport unit. The CCU may include, but is not limited to, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and one or more fans or blowers for controlling heat exchange between the air within the climate-controlled space and the ambient air outside the climate-controlled transport unit. In some embodiments, the transport climate control system may be a multi-zone transport climate control system that includes a CCU and one or more remote climate control units each having a remote evaporator. Each of the CCU and the remote climate control units may provide climate control in different zones of the climate-controlled space within the transport unit.

[0038] A power system may supply some or all of the power to one or more electrical loads of a transport unit that includes a transport climate control system during transport and / or when stationary at a facility (e.g., a warehouse, a power distribution site such as a dock, a repository, a charging station, a gas station, a shipyard, a supply yard, a rest stop, parking infrastructure, etc.).

[0039] It will be appreciated that climate control may be required from the transport climate control system when the transport unit is stationary and / or when the power system is connected to an external power source.

[0040] Figures 1A to 1E Various transport climate control systems are shown. It will be appreciated that the embodiments described herein are not limited to the examples provided below, but may be applied to any type of transport unit, e.g., a truck, a container, a box truck, a semi-trailer tractor, a passenger vehicle, or other similar transport units, etc.

[0041] Figure 1A An embodiment of an intermodal container 10 having a transport climate control system 15 and a power system 20 is illustrated in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein. The intermodal container 10 may be used across different modes of transport including, but not limited to, e.g., ships, rail, tractor-trailers, etc.

[0042] The transport climate control system 15 includes a CCU 25 that provides climate control (e.g., temperature, humidity, air quality, etc.) to the climate-controlled space 12 of the intermodal container 10. The climate control system 15 also includes a programmable climate controller 30 and one or more sensors and / or probes configured to measure one or more parameters of the climate control system 15 (e.g., the ambient temperature outside the intermodal container 10, the space temperature within the climate-controlled space 12, the ambient humidity outside the intermodal container 10, the space humidity within the climate-controlled space 12, etc.), and to transfer parameter data to the climate controller 30.

[0043] As further described below, the aforementioned probes may include one or more frost detection probes, each having one or more electrodes to detect the presence of frost on or near one or more components (e.g., the evaporator) of the CCU 25; and, in accordance with an indication from the controller 30, initiate and / or terminate a defrost operation.

[0044] The CCU 25 is disposed on the front wall 14 of the intermodal container 10. In other embodiments, the CCU 25 may be disposed, for example, on the roof or another wall of the intermodal container 10. The CCU 25 includes a transport climate control circuit (not shown) that connects, for example, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device (e.g., an expansion valve) to provide conditioned air within the climate-controlled space 12.

[0045] The climate controller 30 may include a single integrated control unit or may include a distributed network of climate controller elements (not shown). The number of distributed control elements in a given network may depend on the particular application of the principles described herein. Regardless of the number, the climate controller 30 may be configured to, for example, control the operation of the climate control system 15 including the transport climate control circuit.

[0046] The climate control system 15 is powered by an electrical system 20. The electrical system 20 includes a housing 22 attached to a frame 23 by a mounting assembly 24. The mounting assembly 24 may extend between the housing 22 and a cross member 26 that is part of the frame 23. The mounting assembly 24 may be made of a high-strength material (e.g., steel, etc.) to rigidly attach the electrical system 20 to the intermodal container 10. The electrical system 20 includes an electrical system controller 35 configured to control the operation of the electrical system 20.

[0047] Figure 1BIllustrated is an embodiment of a climate-controlled transport unit 102 attached to a towing vehicle 103. The climate-controlled transport unit 102 includes a climate control system 100 for the transport unit 105. The towing vehicle 103 is attached to the transport unit 105 and is configured to tow the transport unit 105. Figure 1B The transport unit 105 shown in Figure 1B is a trailer.

[0048] The transport climate control system 100 includes a CCU 110 that provides climate control (e.g., temperature, humidity, air quality, etc.) within a climate-controlled space 106 of the transport unit 105. The climate control system 100 may also include a programmable climate controller 107 and one or more sensors and / or probes configured to measure one or more parameters of the climate control system 100 (e.g., ambient temperature outside the transport unit 105, space temperature within the climate-controlled space 106, ambient humidity outside the transport unit 105, space humidity within the climate-controlled space 106, etc.) and to transfer parameter data to the climate controller 107.

[0049] As further described below, the aforementioned probes may include one or more frost detection probes, each having one or more electrodes to detect the presence of frost on or near one or more components (e.g., an evaporator) of the CCU 110; and, in accordance with an indication from the controller 107, initiate and / or terminate a defrost operation.

[0050] The CCU 110 may be disposed, for example, on a front wall 108 of the transport unit 105, on a roof, or on another wall of the transport unit 105. The CCU 110 may include a transport climate control circuit that connects, for example, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device (e.g., an expansion valve) to provide conditioned air within the climate-controlled space 106.

[0051] The climate controller 107 may include a single integrated control unit 112 or may include a distributed network of climate controller elements 112, 113. The number of distributed control elements in a given network may depend on a particular application of the principles described herein. The climate controller 107 is configured to control the operation of the climate control system 100 including the transport climate control circuit.

[0052] The climate control system 100 is powered by a power system that distributes electrical power to the climate control system 100. In some embodiments, the power system may be a generator set attached to the transport unit 105 and electrically connected to one or more components of the climate control system 100 (e.g., a compressor, one or more fans and / or blowers, the climate controller 107, one or more sensors, etc.).

[0053] In some embodiments, the transport climate control system 100 can be a multi-zone transport climate control system that uses the CCU 110 to provide climate control in a first zone of the climate-controlled space 106 and one or more remote climate control units with remote evaporators to provide climate control in additional zones of the climate-controlled space 106.

[0054] Figure 1C is a side view of a truck 120 having a transport climate control system 124 according to an embodiment. The truck 120 includes a climate-controlled space 122 for transporting goods. The transport climate control system 124 includes a CCU 126 mounted to the front wall 128 of the climate-controlled space 122. Among other components, the CCU 126 can include a climate control loop that connects, for example, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device (e.g., an expansion valve) to provide climate control within the climate-controlled space 122. In an embodiment, the CCU 126 can be a transport refrigeration unit or the like.

[0055] The transport climate control system 124 can further include a programmable climate controller 125 and one or more climate control sensors and / or sensors configured to measure one or more parameters of the transport climate control system 124 (e.g., the ambient temperature outside the truck 120, the ambient humidity outside the truck 120, the compressor suction pressure, the compressor discharge pressure, the supply air temperature of the air supplied by the CCU 126 into the climate-controlled space 122, the return air temperature of the air returning from the climate-controlled space 122 to the CCU 126, the humidity within the climate-controlled space 122, etc.); and transfer climate control data to the climate controller 125. One or more climate control sensors can be located at various locations outside and / or inside the truck 120 (including within the climate-controlled space 122).

[0056] As further described below, the foregoing probes can include one or more frost detection probes, each having one or more electrodes to detect the presence of frost on or near one or more components (e.g., the evaporator) of the CCU 126; and, in accordance with an indication from the controller 125, initiate and / or terminate a defrost operation.

[0057] The climate controller 125 is configured to control the operation of the transport climate control system 124 that includes components of a climate control loop. The climate controller 125 can include a single integrated control unit or can include a distributed network of climate controller elements. The number of distributed control elements in a given network can depend on the particular application of the principles described herein. The climate controller 125 can use measured parameters obtained by one or more climate control sensors to control the operation of the climate control system 124.

[0058] Figure 1D A side view of a van 130 having a transport climate control system 135 for providing climate control within a climate controlled space 132 is depicted in accordance with at least one embodiment. The transport climate control system 135 includes a CCU 140 mounted to the roof 134 of the van 130. In an embodiment, the CCU 140 can be a transport refrigeration unit or the like. The climate control system 135 also includes a programmable climate controller 145 and one or more sensors and / or probes configured to measure one or more parameters of the climate control system 135 (e.g., ambient temperature outside the van 130, space temperature within the climate controlled space 132, ambient humidity outside the van 130, space humidity within the climate controlled space 132, etc.) and to pass parameter data to the climate controller 145.

[0059] As further described below, the foregoing probes can include one or more frost detection probes, each having one or more electrodes to detect the presence of frost on or near one or more components (e.g., an evaporator) of the CCU 140; and, in accordance with an indication from the controller 145, initiate and / or terminate a defrost operation.

[0060] In addition to other components, the transport climate control system 135 can also include a transport climate control loop that connects, for example, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device (e.g., an expansion valve) to provide climate control within the climate controlled space 132.

[0061] The climate controller 145 can include a single integrated control unit or can include a distributed network of climate controller elements. The climate controller 145 is configured to control the operation of the climate control system 135 that includes the transport climate control loop.

[0062] The climate control system 135 is powered by an electrical system that can distribute electrical power to the climate control system 135. In some embodiments, the electrical system can be a generator set attached to the van 130 and electrically connected to one or more components of the climate control system 135 (e.g., a compressor, one or more fans and / or blowers, the climate controller 145, one or more sensors, etc.).

[0063] Figure 1E is a perspective view of a passenger vehicle 150 including a transport climate control system 155 according to at least one embodiment. In Figure 1E the illustrated embodiment, the passenger vehicle 150 is a mass transit bus that can transport (a plurality of) passengers (not shown) to one or more destinations. In other embodiments, the passenger vehicle 150 can be a school bus, a rail vehicle, a subway car, or other commercial vehicle that transports passengers. Hereinafter, "vehicle" can represent all such passenger vehicles and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application to mass transit buses only. The transport climate control system 155 can provide climate control within a climate-controlled space, which in this embodiment is the passenger compartment 154.

[0064] The passenger vehicle 150 includes a frame 152, a passenger compartment 154 supported by the frame 152, wheels 153, and a compartment 156. The frame 152 includes a door 158 positioned on one side of the passenger vehicle 150. A first door 158a is located near the front end of the passenger vehicle 150, and a second door 158b is positioned on the frame 152 toward the rear end of the passenger vehicle 150. Each door 158 is movable between an open position and a closed position to selectively allow access to the passenger compartment 154.

[0065] The transport climate control system 155 includes a CCU 160 mounted to the roof 151 of the passenger vehicle 150. In an embodiment, the CCU 160 can be an HVAC unit. The climate control system 155 also includes a programmable climate controller 165 and one or more sensors and / or probes configured to measure one or more parameters of the transport climate control system 155 (e.g., the ambient temperature outside the passenger vehicle 150, the space temperature inside the passenger compartment 154, the ambient humidity outside the passenger vehicle 150, the space humidity inside the passenger compartment 154, etc.) and transmit parameter data to the climate controller 165.

[0066] As further described below, the foregoing probes can include one or more frost detection probes, each having one or more electrodes to detect the presence of frost on or near one or more components (e.g., an evaporator) of the CCU 160; and, in accordance with an indication from the controller 165, initiate and / or terminate a defrost operation.

[0067] In addition to other components, the transport climate control system 155 can include a transport climate control loop that connects, for example, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device (e.g., an expansion valve) to provide climate control within the passenger compartment 154.

[0068] The climate controller 165 can include a single integrated control unit or can include a distributed network of climate controller elements. The climate controller 165 is configured to control the operation of the climate control system 155 that includes the transport climate control loop.

[0069] The climate control system 135 is powered by an electrical system that can distribute electrical power to the climate control system 135. In some embodiments, the electrical system can be a power generation unit attached to the passenger vehicle 150 and electrically connected to one or more components of the climate control system 155 (e.g., a compressor, one or more fans and / or blowers, the climate controller 165, one or more sensors, etc.).

[0070] The embodiments for frost detection and defrost control described and recited herein include a probe that can have one or more electrodes to detect the presence and amount of frost on or near any one or more of the components of the CCUs 25, 110, 126, 140, and 160 described above. Non-limiting examples of such climate control system components can include, but are not limited to, the evaporator coil for an evaporator unit. Although the embodiments described and recited herein primarily relate to the evaporator coil, the embodiments and their principles can clearly relate to and / or apply to other components where water in liquid or gaseous form is not normally expected to freeze and where water in solid form is detrimental to the effective performance and maintenance of such components.

[0071] For an evaporator coil provided with a plurality of electric heater bands, the embodiments described and recited herein are configured to provide information regarding the amount and pattern of frost accumulation.

[0072] As an extension of such information, for a multi-zone transport environment, the embodiments described and recited herein can be arranged and controlled in such a way as to affect sequential defrosting that implements effective power consumption, which is an improvement over currently known practices.

[0073] Accordingly, the embodiments of frost detection and defrost control described and recited herein provide for the detection of the formation of frost and / or ice and its quantity (i.e., thickness); and provide for the control of one or more defrost cycles that result in the dissipation of the frost or ice. The defrost control further implements an accurate initiation of defrosting, which effectively and optimally utilizes the power supplied to the corresponding CCU by avoiding false detection of frost or ice and by defrosting based on the presence of frost or ice rather than based on time.

[0074] In this document, the present disclosure, generally and in particular with respect to Figures 2 to 11B and the figures that follow, may be described in terms of functional block components and various processing steps. It should be understood that such functional blocks may be implemented by any number of hardware and / or software components configured to perform the specified functions.

[0075] Figure 2 Shown is a probe 200 for frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein. The probe 200 is suitable for at least any one or more of the CCUs 25, 110, 126, 140, and 160 described above. Additionally, the embodiments described and recited herein may also be applicable to a multi-zone transportation environment, i.e., a transportation environment having multiple evaporators controlled by a common controller.

[0076] The probe 200 includes electrodes 205, 210, and 215 that are calibrated to have a uniform distance from each other. Each of the electrodes 205, 210, and 215 is electrically connected to a controller, such as the controllers 30, 107, 125, 145, and 165 described above. An alternative embodiment of the probe 200, which will be referred to below, includes a single electrode.

[0077] Accordingly, the non-limiting embodiments described and recited herein may relate to a system or a component thereof for detecting frost in an evaporator component (e.g., an evaporator coil). Examples of the system may include a controller and a probe. The probe itself may include one or more electrodes and may be attached to a component of the evaporator coil and is also configured to transmit the detection results of one or more environmental conditions adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller. Upon receiving and processing the (multiple) environmental conditions, the controller may initiate and terminate the defrost operation.

[0078] In some embodiments, the probe can be configured to detect frost on components of the evaporator coil and transmit data indicating the detected frost on the components of the evaporator coil to the controller, and transmit the detection results of one or more ambient conditions of the components adjacent to the evaporator coil to the controller. The controller is configured to initiate a defrost operation upon receiving data indicating a threshold amount of frost detected on the components of the evaporator coil. The probe can be configured to further detect a reduction in the amount of frost on the components of the evaporator coil and transmit data indicating the reduction in the amount of frost on the components of the evaporator coil, and transmit the ambient condition(s) of the components adjacent to the evaporator coil to the controller. The controller is configured to further terminate the defrost operation upon receiving data indicating a threshold reduction in the amount of frost detected on the components of the evaporator coil.

[0079] According to at least one embodiment, when the latches 202A and 202B are connected to or otherwise mounted on a portion of the duct corresponding to the evaporator, the probe 200 can be disposed on the evaporator coil or within a threshold proximity of the evaporator coil. Alternative embodiments of the probe 200 (e.g., Figure 9A and Figure 9B the embodiments shown therein) can be configured to wedge between two or more fins of the evaporator, as further discussed below.

[0080] It should be understood that the performance of the evaporator coil may deteriorate as frost accumulates internally between its fins. Based on testing, but not to be construed as a limiting value, the threshold proximity to the evaporator coil as mentioned herein is in the range of 4 mm to 5 mm.

[0081] In such a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the probe 200 is disposed on the evaporator coil or within a threshold proximity of the evaporator coil such that any occurrence of frost or ice in this proximity of the evaporator coil forms above the electrodes 205, 210, and 215. Thus, as moisture or liquid water freezes on the respective probes, the resistance between the electrodes increases due to the crystallization of water molecules. That is, when the temperature measurements from the respective electrodes are transmitted cyclically, periodically, or otherwise continuously to the corresponding controller, the controller cyclically, periodically, or otherwise continuously determines the resistance between the electrodes, i.e., determines the resistance between electrode 205 and 210, between electrode 205 and 215, and between electrode 210 and 215, respectively.

[0082] The resistance value between electrode pair arrangements having at least a threshold resistance value can indicate frost and / or ice. The controller is configured to initiate a defrost operation based on the determined resistance value indicating at least the formation of frost. Additionally, because sheet ice, hard ice, clear ice, etc. have different resistance values, the resistance value can enable customization of the defrost operation or protocol by varying the temperature and / or amount of time at which heat is directed to or otherwise applied to the component of the evaporator on which frost or ice has accumulated. Otherwise, in the case where there is no frost or ice between the electrodes or between the electrodes and some other component of the evaporator (i.e., no material such as frost or ice therebetween), the resistance value is an open - circuit resistance value, such as an infinite resistance (ꝏΩ - air resistance) or an open loop (if the measured resistance exceeds the measurement threshold of the controller).

[0083] Further, according to at least one exemplary embodiment, based on knowledge of the spacing between each of the respective electrodes 205, 210, and 215 and the corresponding evaporator coil, the thickness of the frost on the evaporator coil can be discerned. When implementing a defrost operation or protocol, the defrost operation can also take the thickness into account.

[0084] A non - limiting exemplary embodiment of the probe 200 includes electrodes 205 and 210 that are equidistant from a component (e.g., an evaporator coil) of the corresponding evaporator to provide data to the controller that is used to determine the accumulation of frost and / or ice on or near the component. The data from electrodes 205 and 210 is further utilized to detect the state of frost accumulation.

[0085] A non - limiting exemplary embodiment of the probe 200 further includes an electrode 215 that is disposed further away from the component than electrodes 205 and 210 to provide data to the controller that is used to determine the thickness and / or growth rate of frost or ice on or near the component.

[0086] The embodiment of the probe 200 including electrodes 205, 210, and 215 was verified by an experiment including placing the probe 200 in a container of water. In one non - limiting experiment, the container was placed in a freezer, and an ohmmeter determined the resistance of the water between the paired - arranged electrodes 205, 210, and 215 to be from 0.5 MΏ to 4 MΏ, with electrodes 205, 210, and 215 calibrated to be evenly spaced from each other. When it was determined that the water had frozen, the ohmmeter determined the resistance of the frozen water to be from 130 MΏ to 200 MΏ.

[0087] Accordingly, any foreign material bridging a gap between any of the electrodes 205, 210, and 215 can be detected based on the resistance value. Additionally, the resistance value of water (whether in liquid form, frost, or ice) is repetitive and consistent. Thus, it has been proven reliable to determine the accumulation of frost or ice. Further, condensate water, distilled water, and tap water provide similar resistance values, thus eliminating possible deviation variables. The embodiments described and documented herein are based on a change in the resistance value between water in a liquid state and water in a solid state, which has been shown to be on the order of approximately 3500%, or for example at least 10 times or more.

[0088] When applied to different non - restrictive test environments (e.g., a refrigerator), when condensate is detected on the evaporator coil, the resistance between the arrangements of the electrodes 205, 210, and 215 is determined to be approximately 3.3 MΩ. When frost is initially detected on the evaporator coil, the resistance between the electrode arrangements is determined to be approximately 47 MΩ, which is ultimately determined to be 190 MΩ.

[0089] An alternative embodiment of the probe 200 can include a single electrode, e.g., 215. In such an embodiment, the resistance between the electrode 215 and a proximate component of the corresponding evaporator coil (e.g., its fin) can be measured. That is, the single electrode 215 can utilize the evaporator coil itself as a ground connection, thus reducing the number of wires required to provide a common ground. Additionally, by reducing the number of wires attached to the electrode, the electrode can be placed deeper between the fins of the evaporator coil.

[0090] Figure 3 A depiction of an environment for frost detection and defrost control in accordance with at least one embodiment described and documented herein is shown.

[0091] As an example of an embodiment of the probe 200 including the electrodes 205, 210, and 215, in a test environment, based on knowledge of the spacing between each of the respective electrodes 205, 210, and 215 and the fins 305 of the corresponding evaporator coil, the thickness of the frost on the evaporator coil can be discerned.

[0092] For example, the distance between the front electrode of each of the two electrodes 205 and 210 and the fin 305 of the evaporator coil is predetermined as a threshold distance d (e.g., 5 mm); and the distance from the distal edge of the two electrodes 205 and 210 to the front edge of the electrode 215 is also predetermined as d (e.g., 5 mm). Thus, when the controller determines that the resistance between the electrodes 205 and 210 is at least a threshold value of, for example, 130 MΩ to 200 MΩ, it can be determined that the thickness of the accumulation of frost or ice is approximately d, e.g., 5 mm. According to non-limiting experiments, the growth of the accumulation of frost may take up to 30 minutes. According to non-limiting experiments, the further growth of the accumulation of frost from the fin 305 to the electrode 215 by 2d (i.e., d from the distal edge of the electrodes 205 and 210 to the front edge of the electrode 215) may take approximately more than 30 minutes, where d is as small as 1 mm. Thus, the controller can implement a defrost operation based on the knowledge of the accumulation of frost.

[0093] Figure 4 An example of an evaporator coil 400 having a plurality of probes (e.g., 200X, 200Y) disposed thereon in accordance with at least one non-limiting exemplary embodiment described and recited herein is shown.

[0094] The evaporator coil 400 may have a plurality of electric heater bands 450A, 450B, and 450C disposed thereon. The embodiments described, recited, and contemplated herein are in no way limited to or even require three heater bands. That is, the exemplary depiction is for descriptive purposes only. Additionally, unless the context requires greater specificity, herein reference will be made to the heater bar 450, with the understanding that it applies to any or all of the heater bands 450A, 450B, and / or 450C. Similarly, the exemplary embodiments are not limited in any way to the probes 200X and 200Y. Thus, for the reasons just stated, reference may simply be made to the probe 200.

[0095] In Figure 4 the embodiment, the probe 200 may be disposed on or within a threshold of a component (e.g., one or more fins) of the evaporator coil to provide accurate data to the controller, which can then implement an accurate initiation of a defrost operation. As previously stated, it should be understood that the performance of the evaporator coil begins to degrade as frost accumulates internally between its fins. The proximity to the evaporator coil as mentioned herein may be in the range of 4 mm to 5 mm. Thus, such placement of one or more probes 200 results in a nominal risk of false detection of frost in such proximity to the component and an effective utilization of the power allocated to the component. That is, the embodiments described and recited herein result in implementing defrost based on the need, rather than in a timer-based manner.

[0096] As an example of such placement, one or more of the probes 200 may be placed at a location on or near the evaporator coil 400 where water or condensate is not expected to freeze or refreeze under regular operating conditions. Alternatively or additionally, one or more of the probes 200 may be placed at a location on or near the evaporator coil 400 where any frost or ice that grows is expected to melt and be completely discharged when a defrost operation is implemented.

[0097] In addition, according to Figure 4 a non - limiting example, it may occur that unequal amounts or depths of frost or ice may accumulate at the respective probes 200X and 200Y. Thus, since each probe on a common evaporator coil can transmit information indicating the presence or absence of frost or ice within that proximity to the controller, the defrost operation of the evaporator coil can be customized or tailored accordingly. That is, if the amount or depth of frost or ice accumulated adjacent to the respective probes 200X and 200Y is different, the temperature and duration of the heat applied by the corresponding controller to the heating tape 450A can be less than or greater than the temperature and duration of the heat applied by the same controller to the heating tape 450C.

[0098] Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B and Figure 5C are combined to show a non - limiting example processing flow of frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein. Unless the context otherwise requires, a reference to the combined processing flow may be referred to as processing flow 500 in FIG. 5. Further, although the processing flow of FIG. 5 refers to Figure 4 a non - limiting exemplary embodiment, the embodiments of the processing flow or the embodiments of one or more probes relative to the evaporator are in no way limited to what is depicted and described herein. For example, any one or more of the probes 200 may each have one or more electrodes; similarly, the common evaporator component (e.g., the evaporator coil) is not limited in the number of probes 200 that can be attached to it or otherwise be operatively near it.

[0099] For descriptive purposes only, FIG. 5 will be described with reference to three probes 200X, 200Y, and 200Z disposed on or in close proximity to the evaporator coil 400 in regions or zones of the evaporator coil 400 having varying rates or probabilities of frost formation. Further, each of the probes 200 has a corresponding heater rod 450 in close proximity thereto, where each heater rod is independently controlled by a corresponding controller.

[0100] As depicted, Figures 5A to 5C the processing flow 500 of Figures 1A to 1EThe sub - processes performed by any one or more of the controllers 30, 107, 125, 145, and 165 described in the exemplary embodiments. However, the processing flow 500 is not limited to such components and processes, as obvious modifications can be made by re - ordering two or more of the sub - processes described herein, eliminating at least one of the sub - processes in the following description, etc.

[0101] The process starts at 505, where it must first be determined whether the corresponding controller is currently using any of the heater rods in one or more of the heater rods 450 to perform a defrost operation. If no defrost operation is currently being performed, the process continues to the Figure 5B sub - processing flow 510 shown in Figure 5C ; but if a defrost operation is currently being performed, the process continues to the

[0102] sub - processing flow 550 shown in

[0103] As previously noted, some alternative embodiments only include the electrode 215. In such cases, the resistance of only the probe with the electrode 215 set within a threshold proximity (e.g., 5 mm) of the fins of, for example, the evaporator coil 400 can determine the presence or absence of frost or ice at the corresponding fin.

[0104] As previously stated, in the case where there is no frost or ice between the electrodes or between an electrode and some other component of the evaporator (i.e., there is no material, such as frost or ice, between them), the resistance value can be an open - circuit resistance value, such as an infinite resistance (ꝏΩ - air resistance) or an open loop (if the measured resistance exceeds the measurement threshold of the controller).

[0105] Regardless of the embodiment of the probe 200, the process continues to 520.

[0106] At 520, the controller determines whether the resistance for any of the electrode pairings of each corresponding electrode 200 (e.g., between 205 and 210, between 205 and 215, and between 210 and 215) is equal to or greater than a threshold resistance value (e.g., between 130 MΏ and 200 MΏ), where the threshold resistance value indicates the presence of frost or ice near the corresponding probe 200.

[0107] Based on the affirmative determination at 520, the process proceeds to 525; however, based on the negative determination at 520, the process loops back to 505.

[0108] At 525, the controller identifies one of the probes 200 that had an affirmative determination at 520 as having frost or ice in its vicinity. Then, the process proceeds to 530.

[0109] At 530, a determination similar to that at 520 can be made for one or more of the probes 200 corresponding to the evaporator coil 400. Thus, the determination at 530 can be combined with the determination at 520. In any case, it should be understood that for each of the probes 200, a determination of the presence or absence of frost or ice is made individually, since the corresponding probe 200 can be placed on or near the evaporator coil 400 in areas where the probability or likelihood of frost or ice accumulation varies.

[0110] In addition, at both 520 and 530, determining the presence of frost or ice by the corresponding probe 200 can further include determining the thickness and / or growth rate of the frost or ice by the electrodes 215, as previously described.

[0111] That is, to state again, the embodiments described and recited herein result in defrost being implemented based on a need, rather than in a timer-based manner. Thus, for those areas of the evaporator coil 400 that have a probe 200 indicating the presence of frost or ice above or nearby, the process proceeds to 535; however, for those areas of the evaporator coil 400 that have a probe 200 indicating the absence of frost or ice above or nearby, the process loops or returns back to 505.

[0112] At 535, the controller is configured to initiate a defrost operation for the portion of the evaporator coil (or for a particular evaporator coil) for which it has been determined that there is frost or ice in the vicinity by commanding heat to be applied to the closest one of the heater bands 450. In addition, the controller can even control the temperature of the heat applied to the corresponding heater band 450 depending on the determined thickness and / or growth rate of the frost or ice in the vicinity of the corresponding probe 200 (as determined based on data transmitted from the corresponding probe 215).

[0113] It will be appreciated that 535 can further be understood as the maintenance or continuation of the defrost operation as long as it is determined that frost or ice is present on or near the corresponding probe 200, since during the defrost operation, data transmissions from the corresponding electrodes corresponding to the probe 200 are transmitted cyclically, periodically, or otherwise continuously to the corresponding controller.

[0114] When it is determined that the area of the evaporator coil 400 has a corresponding probe 200 indicating the absence of frost or ice thereon or nearby, the processing loop or sequence returns to 505.

[0115] In sub - process 500, when it is determined that the controller is performing a defrost operation on the heater strip 450 corresponding to the probe 200, at 555, the controller receiving data from the electrode corresponding to a respective one of the probes 200 determines whether there is at least frost or ice nearby, because an infinite resistance or an open - loop can indicate the absence of a substance near the corresponding probe.

[0116] When the determination at 555 is affirmative, the processing can continue to 560, although the processing at 560 can be considered optional. In such a case, the processing continues to 565. When the determination at 555 is negative, the defrost operation continues and the processing loop returns to 555 cyclically.

[0117] At 560, the controller starts a timer for several cycles or periods to determine whether there is at least frost or ice near the remaining probes 200, because an infinite resistance or an open - loop indicates the absence of a substance near the corresponding probe.

[0118] At 565, the controller makes the aforementioned determination for the remaining probes 200.

[0119] At 570, when the determination at 565 is affirmative, the defrost operation is terminated and the processing loop returns or backs up to 505.

[0120] At 575, when the determination at 565 is negative, the controller determines whether the timer value is less than or greater than a threshold. When the determination is affirmative, the processing loop backs up to 565; when the determination is negative, the processing continues to 570. The threshold refers to the amount of time required for the heating capacity of the system to completely melt the frost from the evaporator, and this amount of time can depend on, for example, the measured or detected mass of the frost formed on the evaporator coil, the total front surface area of the evaporator coil, and the ice probe location, etc. The threshold time can depend on various factors, including but not limited to the size of the evaporator, the number of electric heater paths, etc. As a non - limiting example, 30 to 45 minutes can be considered the maximum value of the defrost time threshold. That is, as described above with respect to Figure 3As stated in the non - limiting exemplary embodiments, the defrost operation can be implemented based on the knowledge of frost accumulation. For example, the distance between each of the front portions of the two electrodes 205 and 210 to the fin 305 of the evaporator coil can be predetermined as d, for example, 5 mm; and the distance from the distal edges of the two electrodes 205 and 210 to the front edge of the electrode 215 can also be predetermined as d. Thus, when the controller determines that the resistance between the electrodes 205 and 210 is at least a threshold value of, for example, 130 MΩ to 200 MΩ, it can be determined that the thickness of the frost or ice accumulation is approximately d, for example, 5 mm; and, as per non - limiting experiments, the growth of frost accumulation may take up to 30 minutes, and it can be determined that such frost may take 30 to 45 minutes to melt or defrost. In summary, the closer the probe is to the surface of the evaporator coil, the thinner or smaller the frost layer or ice layer detected by the probe; and thus, less time is required to defrost or melt the detected layer. Therefore, the closer the ice probe is to the evaporator coil, the shorter the time required to completely melt the frost.

[0121] As an extension of the process implemented according to Figures 5A to 5C Regarding a multi - zone transportation environment, the embodiments described and documented herein can be set and controlled in such a way as to affect an order of defrosting that implements effective power consumption, which is an improvement over currently known practices.

[0122] Figure 6A 、 Figure 6B and Figure 6C are combined to show a non - limiting example processing flow of frost detection and defrost control according to at least one embodiment described and documented herein. Unless the context otherwise requires, a reference to the combined processing flow can be referred to as processing flow 600 in FIG. 6. Additionally, although the processing flow of FIG. 6 refers to Figure 4 the non - limiting exemplary embodiments, the embodiments of the processing flow or the embodiments of one or more probes relative to the evaporator are in no way limited to what is depicted and described herein. For example, any one or more of the probes 200 can each have one or more electrodes; similarly, the common evaporator component (e.g., the evaporator coil) is not limited in the number of probes 200 that can be attached to it or otherwise be operationally near it.

[0123] For descriptive purposes only, FIG. 6 will be described with reference to three probes 200X, 200Y, and 200Z disposed on or in close proximity to the evaporator coil 400 in regions or zones of the evaporator coil 400 having varying rates or probabilities of frost formation. Further, each of the probes 200 has a corresponding heater rod 450 in close proximity thereto, where each heater rod is independently controlled by a corresponding controller. Still further, FIG. 6 relates to a multi-zone transport environment, i.e., a transport environment having multiple evaporators controlled by a common controller, through which a sequential defrost operation can be implemented, thus resulting in effective power consumption. Thus, as an Figure 4 extension, non-limiting examples of three embodiments with respect to the evaporator coil 400 are described for FIG. 6, one of the three embodiments being referred to as corresponding to a main evaporator, and two of the three embodiments being referred to as corresponding to a first remote evaporator and a second remote evaporator.

[0124] As depicted, Figures 6A to 6C the processing flow 600 includes sub-processes mainly performed by any one or more of the controllers 30, 107, 125, 145, and 165 described above with respect to the Figures 1A to 1E exemplary embodiments. However, the processing flow 500 is not limited to such components and processes, as obvious modifications can be made by reordering two or more of the sub-processes described herein, eliminating at least one of the sub-processes described below, etc.

[0125] The process starts at 605, where probes on or near the respective evaporator coils 400 in each of the main evaporator and the remote evaporators transmit data from the (multiple) electrodes therein to the common controller. Then, the process continues to 608.

[0126] At 608, the common controller determines whether there is frost or ice on or near a corresponding probe among the probes 200 on one or more of the evaporator coils 400 on the respective evaporators, i.e., whether the measured resistance values between 205 and 210, between 205 and 215, and between 210 and 215 for each corresponding electrode 200 are equal to or greater than a threshold resistance value (e.g., between 130 MΩ and 200 MΩ), the threshold resistance value indicating the presence of frost or ice near the corresponding probe 200.

[0127] If frost or ice is detected at any of the probes 200, the process continues to the sub-process 610 described with respect to Figure 6B ; however, if it is determined that there is no frost or ice on or near any of the probes 200, the process loops back or returns to 605.

[0128] At 615, in sub - process 610, the resistance values corresponding to the electrodes in each of the probes 200 for the evaporators are transmitted to the common controller. Then, the process continues to 620.

[0129] At 620, the controller determines whether there is frost on the main evaporator and the remote evaporator. In the case of a negative determination, the process returns to 605; while in the case of a positive determination, the process continues to 625.

[0130] At 625, the controller identifies each of the probes corresponding to each evaporator coil for which it has been determined that frost or ice has accumulated above or nearby. Then, the process continues to 630.

[0131] At 630, the controller initiates a defrost operation for the part of the evaporator coil (or for a specific evaporator coil) for which it has been determined that there is frost or ice nearby by commanding heat to be applied to the nearest one of the heater bands 450. Additionally, the controller can even control the temperature of the heat applied to the corresponding heater band 450 depending on the thickness and / or growth rate of the frost or ice determined to be near the corresponding probe 200 (as determined based on the data transmitted from the corresponding probe 215).

[0132] It will be appreciated that 630 can further be understood as implementing the maintenance or continuation of the defrost operation as long as it is determined that frost or ice is present on or near the corresponding probe 200, since during the implementation of the defrost operation, the data transmission from the corresponding electrode of the probe 200 is transmitted cyclically, periodically, or otherwise continuously to the corresponding controller. Then, the process continues to 655 in sub - process 650.

[0133] At 655, even when the defrost operation is being implemented as at 630, the controller continues to receive data from the electrodes corresponding to the respective ones of the probes 200, and thus continues to determine whether there is frost or ice at least near the probes, since an infinite resistance or an open - loop indicates the absence of a substance near the corresponding probe. In the case of a negative determination, 655 repeats.

[0134] At 660, when the determination at 655 is positive, the controller starts a timer for several cycles or periods to determine whether there is frost or ice at least near the remaining probes 200, since an infinite resistance or an open - loop can indicate the absence of a substance near the corresponding probe.

[0135] At 665, the controller continues to receive data from the electrodes corresponding to the remaining probes 200 to determine whether there is frost or ice at least near the remaining probes, since an infinite resistance or an open - loop can indicate the absence of a substance near the corresponding probe.

[0136] At 670, when a positive determination is made at 665, the defrost operation is terminated and the process loop backs up or returns to 605.

[0137] At 675, when a negative determination is made at 665, the controller determines whether the timer value is less than or greater than a threshold. On a positive determination, the process loop backs up to 665; on a negative determination, the process continues to 570.

[0138] Thus, the embodiments of frost detection and defrost control described and recited herein provide detection of the formation of frost and / or ice, its quantity (i.e., thickness); and control of one or more defrost cycles that result in the dissipation of frost or ice in a multi-zone transportation environment. The defrost control further implements precise initiation of defrosting, which effectively and optimally utilizes the power supplied to the respective CCU by avoiding false detection of frost or ice and by defrosting based on the presence of frost or ice rather than based on time.

[0139] Figure 7 A non-limiting example of a probe attached to an evaporator coil is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0140] In Figure 7 , the latches 202A (not shown) and 202B of the probe 200 are configured to latch onto the continuous tubing of the evaporator coil 400. In Figure 7 a non-limiting exemplary embodiment of

[0141] Figure 8 A non-limiting example of a probe 200 attached to an evaporator coil 400 is shown in accordance with at least one embodiment described and recited herein.

[0142] Figure 8 The non-limiting exemplary embodiment of Figure 7 is similarly attached to the evaporator coil 400 as in

[0143] Figure 9A A non-limiting example of a probe 900 is shown in accordance with at least one alternative embodiment described and recited herein.

[0144] The probe 900 does not include latches but has a non-limiting number of slits 950A, 950B, 950C, 950D such that the probe can be wedged between the continuous fins of the evaporator coil 400, where holders for the probes 209, 214, and 219 are located outside the fins.

[0145] Figure 9B An exemplary probe 900 is shown wedged in the middle of consecutive fins of an evaporator 400, where probes 209, 214, and 219 are located outside the fins. Figure 9A

[0146] Figure 10A A non - limiting example of a probe according to at least one alternative embodiment described and recited herein is shown.

[0147] Figure 10A Latch 1010A and 1010B of probe 1000 are shown configured to latch onto consecutive tubes of an evaporator coil (e.g., Figure 4 the evaporator coil 400 shown). In Figure 7 a non - limiting exemplary embodiment, at least one of latch 1010A, 1010B is disposed between consecutive fins of the evaporator coil 400. Probe 1000 is shown to have electrodes 2005, 2010, and 2015.

[0148] Figure 10B An exemplary probe mounted on an evaporator coil according to at least one embodiment described and recited herein is shown. Figure 10A

[0149] Figure 11A and Figure 11B A non - limiting example of probe 1100 according to at least one alternative embodiment described and recited herein is shown, where probe 1100 has multiple latches 11A, 11B, and 11C each latching onto only one tube of the evaporator coil.

[0150] Thus, the non - limiting exemplary embodiments and processes described and recited herein provide effective and cost - saving frost detection and elimination in a climate control system.

[0151] Multiple aspects:

[0152] Aspect 1. A system for detecting frost in an evaporator coil, comprising: A controller; and A probe, the probe including one or more electrodes, the probe being attached to a component of the evaporator coil, the probe being configured to report environmental conditions adjacent the component of the evaporator coil to the controller, wherein the controller initiates and terminates a defrost operation based on the environmental conditions reported by the probe.

[0153] Aspect 2. The system according to aspect 1, wherein the environmental conditions include the thickness of frost on the evaporator coil measured by at least one of the electrodes.

[0154] Aspect 3. The system according to Aspect 1 or Aspect 2, wherein the probe is configured to: detect frost on the component of the evaporator coil; transmit data indicating the detection result of frost on the component of the evaporator coil to the controller, and transmit the environmental conditions adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to initiate the defrost operation when receiving data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil; detect a reduction amount of frost on the component of the evaporator coil; and transmit data indicating the reduction amount of the frost on the component of the evaporator coil, and transmit the environmental conditions adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to terminate the defrost operation when receiving data indicating that a threshold reduction amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil.

[0155] Aspect 4. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the probe is attached such that one or more electrodes are disposed between the fins of the evaporator coil to detect frost or the absence of frost.

[0156] Aspect 5. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the probe is attached such that one of the one or more electrodes is disposed within a predetermined distance from the fins of the evaporator coil to detect frost or the absence of frost.

[0157] Aspect 6. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil is based on an increase in the resistance between at least two of the electrodes.

[0158] Aspect 7. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil is based on an increase in the resistance between one of the at least two of the electrodes and the fins of the evaporator coil.

[0159] Aspect 8. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the data indicating the reduction amount of the frost on the component of the evaporator coil is based on a decrease in the resistance between at least two of the electrodes.

[0160] Aspect 9. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the data indicating the reduction amount of frost on the component of the evaporator coil is based on a decrease in the resistance between one of the at least two of the electrodes and the fin of the evaporator coil.

[0161] Aspect 10. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein the component of the evaporator coil includes at least one of a fin, a pipe, or a drain pan.

[0162] Aspect 11. The system according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein the component of the evaporator coil includes the surface of the evaporator coil.

[0163] Aspect 12. A method for regulating frost accumulation executed by a controller, including: Periodically receiving from a probe the measured resistance value between at least two paired electrodes configured to the probe, wherein The probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil, and The probe is configured to transmit the resistance measured adjacent to the component of the evaporator coil to the controller; When the periodically received measured resistance value is at least a threshold resistance value, implementing a defrost operation; and When the periodically received measured resistance value is lower than the threshold resistance value, suspending the defrost operation.

[0164] Aspect 13. The method according to Aspect 12, further including: Calculating the thickness of frost on the evaporator coil adjacent to the probe based on at least one received measured resistance value that is at least the threshold resistance value.

[0165] Aspect 14. The method according to Aspect 12 or Aspect 13, wherein the defrost operation includes heating up a heating element provided adjacent to the probe.

[0166] Aspect 15. The method according to any one of Aspects 11 to 13, wherein the defrost operation includes heating up a heating rod having a portion provided adjacent to the probe.

[0167] Aspect 16. The method according to any one of Aspects 11 to 13, wherein when at least two consecutively received measured resistance values are at least the threshold resistance value, the controller implements the defrost operation.

[0168] Aspect 17. The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 16, wherein when at least two consecutively received measured resistance values are lower than the threshold resistance value, the controller pauses the defrost operation.

[0169] Aspect 18. A method for regulating frost accumulation, comprising: Periodically receiving from a probe a measured resistance between an electrode and a component of an evaporator, the electrode being configured in the probe, wherein, The probe is attached to a component of an evaporator coil, and The probe is configured to transmit the measured resistance of the component adjacent to the evaporator coil to the controller; When the periodically received measured resistance is at least a threshold resistance value, performing a defrost operation; and When the periodically received measured resistance is lower than the threshold resistance value, performing a defrost operation.

[0170] Aspect 19. The method according to aspect 18, further comprising: Calculating the thickness of frost on the evaporator coil adjacent to the probe based on at least one received measured resistance value that is at least the threshold resistance value.

[0171] Aspect 20. The method according to aspect 18 or aspect 19, wherein, When at least two consecutively received measured resistance values are at least the threshold resistance value, the controller performs the defrost operation, and When at least two consecutively received measured resistance values are lower than the threshold resistance value, the controller pauses the defrost operation.

[0172] Aspect 21. A frost detection probe corresponding to a climate control component, the frost detection probe comprising: One or more electrodes for: Transmitting environmental conditions adjacent to the climate control component to a controller to indicate to the controller a frost detection result on the climate control component, Wherein the controller is configured to initiate the defrost operation upon receiving data indicating detection of a threshold amount of frost on the component of the evaporator coil; Transmitting the environmental conditions adjacent to the climate control component to the controller to indicate a reduction amount of frost on the climate control component; and Wherein the controller is configured to terminate the defrost operation upon receiving data indicating detection of a threshold reduction amount of frost on the climate control component.

[0173] Aspect 22. The frost detection probe according to aspect 21, wherein, the climate control component is an evaporator, and the one or more probes are inserted between two fins of the evaporator.

[0174] Aspect 23. The frost detection probe according to aspect 21 or aspect 22, wherein the probe is clipped onto consecutive fins of the evaporator.

[0175] Aspect 24. The frost detection probe according to any one of aspects 21 to 23, wherein the controller starts and terminates the defrost operation by transmitting an instruction to an electric heater rod within a predetermined proximity of the probe.

[0176] The terms used in this specification are intended to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, the terms "a", "an", and "the" also include the plural forms. The terms "comprises" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification, specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components.

[0177] In relation to the foregoing description, it should be understood that changes may be made in the details, particularly in the materials of construction employed and in the shape, size, and arrangement of the components, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. This specification and the described embodiments are merely exemplary, the true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for detecting frost in an evaporator coil, comprising: Controller; and a probe including one or more electrodes, the probe being attached to a component of the evaporator coil, the probe being configured to transmit a detection result of an environmental condition of the component adjacent to the evaporator coil to the controller, Wherein the controller initiates and terminates a defrost operation based on the environmental conditions reported by the probe.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The environmental condition includes a thickness of frost on the evaporator coil as measured by at least one of the electrodes.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The probe is constructed as follows: detecting frost on said component of said evaporator coil; transmitting to the controller a detection of the environmental condition of the component adjacent to the evaporator coil by transmitting to the controller data indicative of a detection of frost on the component of the evaporator coil, wherein the controller is configured to initiate the defrost operation upon receiving data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil; detecting a reduction in frost on said component of said evaporator coil; and transmitting the environmental condition of the component adjacent the evaporator coil to the controller by transmitting data indicative of a reduction in frost on the component of the evaporator coil, Wherein the controller is configured to terminate the defrost operation upon receiving data indicating a threshold reduction in frost detected on the component of the evaporator coil.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The probe is attached so that the one or more electrodes are disposed between the fins of the evaporator coil to detect frost or the absence of frost.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The probe is attached such that one of the one or more electrodes is disposed within a predetermined distance from a fin of the evaporator coil to detect frost or the absence of frost.

6. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil is based on an increase in electrical resistance between at least two of the electrodes.

7. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil is based on an increase in electrical resistance between one of at least two of the electrodes and a fin of the evaporator coil.

8. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The data indicative of a reduction in frost on the component of the evaporator coil is based on a reduction in electrical resistance between at least two of the electrodes.

9. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The data indicative of a reduction in frost on the component of the evaporator coil is based on a reduction in electrical resistance between one of at least two of the electrodes and a fin of the evaporator coil.

10. The system according to claim 5, wherein: The data indicating that a threshold amount of frost is detected on the component of the evaporator coil is based on an increase in electrical resistance between the one electrode and a fin of the evaporator coil.

11. The system according to claim 5, wherein: The data indicative of a reduction in frost on the component of the evaporator coil is based on a reduction in electrical resistance between the one electrode and a fin of the evaporator coil.

12. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The component of the evaporator coil includes at least one of a fin, a tube, or a drain pan.

13. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The feature of the evaporator coil includes a surface of the evaporator coil.

14. A method for regulating frost accumulation performed by a controller, comprising: The probe periodically receives a resistance value measured between at least two paired electrodes, the at least two electrodes being configured to the probe, wherein: The probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil, and The probe is configured to transmit a resistance measured by the component adjacent to the evaporator coil to the controller; When the periodically received measured resistance value is at least a threshold resistance value, performing a defrost operation; and When the periodically received measured resistance value is lower than a threshold resistance value, the defrost operation is suspended.

15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: A thickness of frost on the evaporator coil adjacent to the probe is calculated based on at least one received measured resistance value that is at least the threshold resistance value.

16. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein: The defrost operation includes heating a heating element disposed adjacent to the probe.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein: The defrost operation includes heating a heating rod having a portion disposed adjacent to the probe.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein: The controller implements the defrost operation when at least two consecutively received measured resistance values ​​are at least the threshold resistance value.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein: The controller suspends the defrost operation when at least two consecutive received measured resistance values ​​are below the threshold resistance value.

20. A method for regulating frost accumulation, comprising: The resistance measured between an electrode and a component of the evaporator is periodically received from a probe, the electrode being configured to the probe, wherein The probe is attached to a component of the evaporator coil, and The probe is configured to transmit a resistance measured by the component adjacent to the evaporator coil to a controller; When the periodically received measured resistance is at least a threshold resistance value, performing a defrost operation; and When the periodically received measured resistance is lower than a threshold resistance value, a defrost operation is performed.

21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising: A thickness of frost on the evaporator coil adjacent to the probe is calculated based on at least one received measured resistance value that is at least the threshold resistance value.

22. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 21, wherein: The controller implements the defrost operation when at least two consecutive received measured resistance values ​​are at least the threshold resistance value, and The controller suspends the defrost operation when at least two consecutive received measured resistance values ​​are below the threshold resistance value.

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