Integrated dual-wave transducer

Abstract

The present application relates to an integrated dual-wave transducer, comprising an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and a piezoelectric sensor; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor comprises a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic induction coil disposed at one end of the permanent magnet; the permanent magnet internally comprises a first accommodating portion; the piezoelectric sensor is located in the first accommodating portion; and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor is adjacent to the electromagnetic induction coil. The present application provides an integrated dual-wave transducer, namely, a transducer combining an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and a piezoelectric sensor. In practical applications, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and the piezoelectric sensor are used to separately measure and determine the shear wave and longitudinal wave with the best signal-to-noise ratio, thereby ensuring the measurability of the bolt axial force and the accuracy of the measured value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of industrial detection technology, and in particular to an integrated dual-wave transducer. Background Art

[0002] At present, the measurement of bolt axial force mainly adopts ultrasonic transducer technology, including single shear wave measurement, single longitudinal wave measurement and dual wave measurement, but they all have obvious limitations in practical applications.

[0003] The piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer has a simple structure, but can only excite a single-mode transverse wave or longitudinal wave signal. When using the single-wave method for measurement, it is necessary to measure the zero point and the result value separately. The operation process is cumbersome and inefficient.

[0004] Although electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers can simultaneously excite shear and longitudinal wave signals, achieving a single measurement to obtain the result value, and theoretically have high measurement efficiency, under complex working conditions, due to the non-axial force exerted on the bolt, it is often the case that one waveform signal has good quality while the other waveform signal has poor quality, resulting in attenuation or distortion of the shear or longitudinal wave signals, a significant reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio or even signal loss, seriously affecting the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0005] These technical defects pose significant challenges to existing bolt axial force measurement methods in industrial field applications, and there is an urgent need to develop new solutions to improve signal quality and measurement reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the present application provides an integrated dual-wave transducer, including an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and a piezoelectric sensor; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor includes a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic induction coil arranged at one end of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet includes a first accommodating portion, the piezoelectric sensor is located in the first accommodating portion, and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor is close to the electromagnetic induction coil.

[0007] Furthermore, the first accommodating portion passes through the permanent magnet from top to bottom.

[0008] Furthermore, the piezoelectric sensor and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the permanent magnet as an axis.

[0009] Furthermore, the integrated dual-wave transducer also includes an elastic component that abuts against the piezoelectric sensor. When the elastic component is in a natural state, the piezoelectric sensor partially protrudes from the electromagnetic induction coil. When the piezoelectric sensor is subjected to axial pressure from the outside of the integrated dual-wave transducer, the elastic component contracts and deforms.

[0010] Furthermore, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor also includes a magnet fixing plate, which is arranged at the end of the permanent magnet away from the electromagnetic induction coil. One end of the elastic component abuts against the piezoelectric sensor, and the other end partially passes through the magnet fixing plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic component includes a sleeve and a spring sleeved on the outside of the sleeve, the sleeve includes a first section and a second section connected to each other, the outer ring diameter of the first section is larger than the outer ring diameter of the second section and forms a boss, the second section partially passes through the magnet fixing plate, and the two ends of the spring respectively abut the magnet fixing plate and the boss; the spring is deformed so that the sleeve moves axially at the center of the permanent magnet.

[0012] Furthermore, the piezoelectric sensor is fixed inside the first section.

[0013] Furthermore, the integrated dual-wave transducer also includes a lubricating bushing arranged around the outside of the piezoelectric sensor, and the outer wall of the lubricating bushing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the permanent magnet.

[0014] Furthermore, the integrated dual-wave transducer also includes a shell annularly covering the outside of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, and a magnet fixing ring is provided between the shell and the permanent magnet.

[0015] Furthermore, the integrated dual-wave transducer further includes a cable clamp, the side wall of the housing includes a first through hole, the cable clamp is connected to the first through hole, and the wire is introduced into the interior of the housing.

[0016] Furthermore, the integrated dual-wave transducer also includes an absorbing plate and a wear-resistant plate connected to the electromagnetic induction coil, the absorbing plate is arranged on the side of the electromagnetic induction coil close to the permanent magnet, and the wear-resistant plate is arranged on the side of the electromagnetic induction coil away from the permanent magnet.

[0017] Furthermore, at least one second through hole is provided in the area where the magnet fixing plate contacts the permanent magnet, and when the magnet fixing plate is fixed to the permanent magnet colloid, the second through hole accommodates excess colloid.

[0018] The present application relates to an integrated dual-wave transducer, comprising an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and a piezoelectric sensor; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor comprises a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic induction coil disposed at one end of the permanent magnet; the interior of the permanent magnet comprises a first accommodating portion; the piezoelectric sensor is located in the first accommodating portion; and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor is adjacent to the electromagnetic induction coil. The integrated dual-wave transducer provided in the present application, i.e., a transducer combining an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and a piezoelectric sensor, determines the transverse wave and longitudinal wave with the best signal-to-noise ratio through separate measurements using the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and the piezoelectric sensor in actual applications, thereby ensuring the measurability of the bolt axial force and the accuracy of the measured value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated dual-wave transducer of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated dual-wave transducer of this application (without the outer shell);

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the first assembly of the piezoelectric sensor and the elastic component;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the integrated dual-wave transducer of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the integrated dual-wave transducer of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second assembly of the piezoelectric sensor and the elastic component.

[0025] Description of Reference Numerals

[0026] 1. Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor; 11. Permanent magnet; 111. First accommodating portion; 12. Absorbing plate; 13. Electromagnetic induction coil; 14. Wear-resistant plate; 141. First wear-resistant plate; 142. Second wear-resistant plate; 15. Magnet fixing ring; 16. Magnet fixing plate; 161. Second through hole; 2. Piezoelectric sensor; 21. Elastic component; 22. Sleeve; 221. First section; 222. Second section; 23. Spring; 24. Lubricating bushing; 25. Third through hole; 3. Housing; 31. First through hole; 32. First step portion; 33. Second step portion; 34. Third step portion; 35. Fourth step portion; 4. Cable clamp; 5. Cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to understand the features and technical contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail, Figure 1-6The implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in detail. The accompanying drawings are for reference purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. In the following technical description, for the sake of convenience of explanation, multiple details are provided to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments can still be implemented without these details. In other cases, to simplify the drawings, well-known structures and devices may be simplified.

[0028] In the description and claims of the embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as in the accompanying drawings, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish similar items and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure herein. In addition, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "middle", "outside", "front", "back" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly intended to better describe the embodiments of the present disclosure and their embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to having a specific direction, or to be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Moreover, in addition to being used to indicate directions or positional relationships, some of the above terms may also be used to indicate other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship in certain circumstances. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediary, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Unless otherwise stated, the term "plurality" means two or more.

[0032] The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0034] In order to provide a further understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and functions of the present application, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0035] The present application provides an integrated dual-wave transducer, including an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and a piezoelectric sensor 2; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 includes a permanent magnet 11 and an electromagnetic induction coil 13 arranged at one end of the permanent magnet 11, the permanent magnet 11 includes a first accommodating portion 111 inside, the piezoelectric sensor 2 is located in the first accommodating portion 111, and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is close to the electromagnetic induction coil 13.

[0036] The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 includes a permanent magnet 11 and an electromagnetic induction coil 13 arranged at one end of the permanent magnet 11. When high-frequency alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic induction coil 13, a dynamic magnetic field is generated, which is superimposed on the static magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 11 to form a Lorentz force or magnetostrictive effect, thereby exciting ultrasonic waves.

[0037] The piezoelectric sensor 2 generates an electrical signal through the deformation of the piezoelectric chip.

[0038] A first accommodating portion 111 is provided inside the permanent magnet 11 of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1. The first accommodating portion 111 is in the shape of a through hole or a groove. The first accommodating portion 111 includes a first opening facing the electromagnetic induction coil 13. The first accommodating portion 111 is used to embed the piezoelectric sensor 2.

[0039] The piezoelectric sensor 2 is fixed in the first accommodating portion 111 by means of structures such as thermal conductive glue or spring sheets. The detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is close to the electromagnetic induction coil 13 of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and is exposed from the first opening. After being exposed from the first opening, the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is flush with the end face of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 or protrudes from the side of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 away from the permanent magnet 11, so as to shorten the sound path difference, reduce the time difference calibration error, and ensure the acoustic wave coupling efficiency.

[0040] The present application determines the transverse wave and longitudinal wave with the best signal-to-noise ratio by separately measuring the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and the piezoelectric sensor 2, thereby ensuring the measurability of the bolt axial force and the accuracy of the measured value.

[0041] The first accommodating portion 111 passes through the permanent magnet 11 from top to bottom. Specifically, the first accommodating portion 111 passes through the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 11 to the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 11 along the axial direction of the permanent magnet 11.

[0042] In one embodiment, the first accommodating portion 111 may be cylindrical, and the aperture of the first accommodating portion 111 is adapted to the outer diameter of the piezoelectric sensor 2 , so as to facilitate the insertion of the piezoelectric sensor 2 into the first accommodating portion 111 .

[0043] In other optional embodiments, the first accommodating portion 111 may be a stepped through hole, which limits the installation depth of the piezoelectric sensor 2 after it is inserted into the first accommodating portion 111, ensuring that the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is flush with the side of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 away from the permanent magnet 11 or protrudes a fixed size from the wire induction coil.

[0044] The axis of the first receiving portion 111 may coincide with the axis of the permanent magnet 11 , or may be arranged parallel to the axis of the permanent magnet 11 .

[0045] The piezoelectric sensor 2 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the permanent magnet 11 as an axis.

[0046] In the present application, the permanent magnet 11 is set to be cylindrical, and the central axis of the permanent magnet 11 refers to the rotational symmetry axis of the cylindrical permanent magnet 11, that is, a straight line passing through the centers of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the cylinder and perpendicular to the bottom surface.

[0047] When the piezoelectric sensor 2 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 are configured, the center of the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2, the axis of the electromagnetic induction coil 13, and the central axis of the permanent magnet 11 completely coincide with each other.

[0048] The axial magnetic field of the permanent magnet 11 is most evenly distributed in the central axis area, ensuring the stability of the shear wave amplitude excited by the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1. The detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is facing the center of the magnetic field, effectively improving the longitudinal wave excitation efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0049] The piezoelectric sensor 2 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 are coaxially arranged so that the piezoelectric sensor 2 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 share the same near-field area, avoiding the influence of the near-field interference effect on the waveform separation, and significantly improving the detection accuracy of the dual-wave transducer.

[0050] The integrated dual-wave transducer also includes an elastic component 21 that abuts against the piezoelectric sensor 2. When the elastic component 21 is in a natural state, the piezoelectric sensor 2 partially protrudes from the electromagnetic induction coil 13. When the piezoelectric sensor 2 is subjected to axial pressure from the outside of the integrated dual-wave transducer, the elastic component 21 contracts and deforms.

[0051] The piezoelectric sensor 2 includes a detection end and an adjustment end opposite to the detection end.

[0052] The elastic component 21 and the piezoelectric sensor 2 are placed in the first accommodating portion 111 of the permanent magnet 11. The elastic component 21 includes a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other; the first end of the elastic component 21 abuts against the adjustment end of the piezoelectric sensor 2, that is, the elastic component 21 abuts against the end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 away from the detection end.

[0053] The first end of the elastic component 21 applies axial pressure to the adjustment end and transmits it to the detection end. When the elastic component 21 is in a naturally extended state, at least a portion of the piezoelectric sensor 2 protrudes from the electromagnetic induction coil 13 from the first opening.

[0054] When the piezoelectric sensor 2 is subjected to axial pressure from the outside of the integrated dual-wave transducer toward the elastic component 21, and the axial pressure exceeds the pressure value corresponding to the critical point of deformation of the elastic component 21 after compression, the piezoelectric sensor 2 begins to retract from the outside toward the inside of the first accommodating portion 111, preventing overload damage to the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2. At the same time, when the elastic component 21 is compressed, elastic potential energy is stored and a restoring force is generated to restore the deformation. This restoring force is applied to the adjusting end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 through the axial deformation, so that the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is in close contact with the surface of the material to be measured.

[0055] The critical point of deformation is the critical value of the axial pressure. When the elastic component 21 is subjected to the axial pressure, as the axial pressure increases and exceeds the critical value of the axial pressure, the elastic component begins to elastically deform from inelastic deformation.

[0056] The first end of the elastic component 21 abuts the adjustment end of the piezoelectric sensor 2. The elastic component 21 also includes a second end disposed opposite the first end. In this application, the second end can abut any suitable location. This application does not impose any specific restrictions as long as the abutment location of the second end provides a support point for the elastic component 21 and ensures that the axial restoring force of the elastic component 21 is stably transmitted to the piezoelectric sensor 2.

[0057] For example, when the first accommodating portion 111 is a non-through groove structure, the first accommodating portion 111 has a bottom end opposite to the first opening, and the second end of the elastic component 21 can abut against the bottom end.

[0058] Alternatively, the inner sidewall of the first accommodating portion 111 includes a stopper protruding from the inner sidewall toward the center of the first accommodating portion 111 , and the second end of the elastic component 21 may abut against the stopper.

[0059] Alternatively, when the integrated transducer further includes an external protective structure, the second end of the elastic component 21 may abut against the inner side wall of the external protective structure.

[0060] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 further includes a magnet fixing plate 16 , which is disposed at one end of the permanent magnet 11 away from the electromagnetic induction coil 13 , and one end of the elastic component 21 abuts against the piezoelectric sensor 2 , and the other end partially passes through the magnet fixing plate 16 .

[0061] Specifically, the first end of the elastic component 21 abuts against the piezoelectric sensor 2 , and the second end partially passes through the magnet fixing piece 16 .

[0062] The magnet fixing plate 16 is fixedly arranged at one end of the permanent magnet 11 away from the electromagnetic induction coil 13. The first accommodating portion 111 includes a second opening arranged opposite to the first opening. The magnet fixing plate 16 at least partially covers the second opening, so that the second end of the elastic component 21 abuts against the magnet fixing plate 16. The elastic component 21 is arranged between the magnet fixing plate 16 and the adjustment end of the piezoelectric sensor 2. The magnet fixing plate 16 provides support for the second end of the elastic component 21 to ensure that the restoring force of the elastic component 21 is transmitted to the adjustment end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 along the axial direction, and then transmitted to the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2.

[0063] The specific fixing method of the magnet fixing plate 16 and the permanent magnet 11 can be, but is not limited to, any optional fixing method such as gluing, magnetic attraction, welding, and pins.

[0064] The magnet fixing plate 16 may be a circular structure, an annular structure or a C-shaped structure.

[0065] The elastic component 21 includes a sleeve 22 and a spring 23 sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 22. The sleeve 22 includes a first section 221 and a second section 222 connected to each other. The outer ring diameter of the first section 221 is larger than the outer ring diameter of the second section 222 and forms a boss. The second section 222 partially passes through the magnet fixing plate 16. The two ends of the spring 23 respectively abut the magnet fixing plate 16 and the boss. The spring 23 is deformed, causing the sleeve 22 to move axially at the center of the permanent magnet 11.

[0066] The sleeve 22 includes a first section 221 and a second section 222 connected to each other.

[0067] Among them, the outer diameter of the first section 221 is larger than the outer diameter of the second section 222, and an annular boss is formed at the position where the first section 221 and the second section 222 are connected. Along the direction from the second section 222 to the first section 221, a boss protruding outward is formed on the outside of the sleeve 22, and the spring 23 is sleeved on the second section 222 of the sleeve 22.

[0068] Spring 23 includes a third end and a fourth end positioned opposite each other. Sleeve 22 includes a fifth end, located at the end of second section 222 distal from first section 221. The third end of spring 23 abuts the boss, while the fourth end of spring 23 abuts magnet fixing plate 16. A movable opening is provided in the center of magnet fixing plate 16, through which the fifth end of sleeve 22 can pass unimpeded. The boss and magnet fixing plate support the restoring force of spring 23 when compressed, ensuring that the restoring force of spring 23 is transmitted axially to the adjustment end of piezoelectric sensor 2.

[0069] The detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 contacts the material to be tested, and the material to be tested applies an upward axial pressure. When the spring 23 is compressed and deformed, the restoring force of the spring 23 is less than the axial pressure, and the part of the fifth end of the sleeve 22 passing through the movable opening increases, causing the sleeve 22 to move axially upward in the first accommodating portion 111; when the restoring force of the spring 23 is greater than the axial pressure, the spring 23 restores its elastic deformation, causing the sleeve 22 to move axially downward in the first accommodating portion 111.

[0070] The piezoelectric sensor 2 is fixed to the first section 221 and moves up and down along the axial direction in the first receiving portion 111 of the permanent magnet 11 along with the sleeve 22 .

[0071] The inner diameter of the spring 23 matches the outer diameter of the second section 222 of the sleeve 22 .

[0072] The piezoelectric sensor 2 is fixed inside the first section 221, and the outer diameter of the first section 221 is larger than the outer diameter of the second section 222. An annular boss is formed at the position where the first section 221 and the second section 222 are connected. Along the direction from the first section 221 to the second section 222, a boss protruding toward the center of the sleeve 22 is formed inside the sleeve 22. When the piezoelectric sensor 2 is fixed inside the first section 221, the annular boss provides a limit for the end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 away from the detection end inside the sleeve 22.

[0073] The outer diameter of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is adapted to the inner diameter of the first section 221 of the sleeve 22 .

[0074] The fixing method of the piezoelectric sensor 2 and the first section 221 can be, but is not limited to, interference fit, adhesive fixation, thread fixation, welding fixation or snap fixation.

[0075] The integrated dual-wave transducer further includes a lubricating bushing 24 arranged around the outside of the piezoelectric sensor 2 , and the outer wall of the lubricating bushing 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the permanent magnet 11 .

[0076] The lubricating bushing 24 is annular in structure and includes a floating through hole running through the inside. The piezoelectric sensor 2 passes through the floating through hole of the lubricating bushing 24. As the elastic component 21 undergoes elastic deformation and recovers elastic deformation, the piezoelectric sensor 2 moves up and down axially in the floating through hole.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the piezoelectric sensor 2 is fixed inside the first section 221 of the sleeve 22, and the lubricating bushing 24 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first section 221. During the process of elastic deformation and recovery of elastic deformation of the elastic component 21, at least a portion of the lubricating bushing 24 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first section 221 of the sleeve 22, so that the first section 221 moves up and down axially in the floating through hole.

[0078] The lubricating bushing 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the permanent magnet 11, that is, the outer wall of the lubricating bushing 24 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the first accommodating portion 111, and the outer diameter of the lubricating bushing 24 is adapted to the aperture size of the first accommodating portion 111 of the permanent magnet 11, and the inner diameter of the lubricating bushing 24 is adapted to the outer diameter size of the first section 221 of the sleeve 22.

[0079] The fixing method of the lubricating bushing 24 and the permanent magnet 11 can be selected from but not limited to interference fit, gluing and other fixing methods, and this application does not make specific restrictions.

[0080] The inner side wall of the floating through hole of the lubricating bushing 24 is coated with lubricant to reduce friction and wear between the sleeve 22 or the piezoelectric sensor 2 and the lubricating bushing 24 and increase the service life.

[0081] The integrated dual-wave transducer further includes a housing 3 annularly covering the outside of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 , and a magnet fixing ring 15 is provided between the housing 3 and the permanent magnet 11 .

[0082] The housing 3 is a thin-walled cylindrical structure, covering the outside of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1, so that the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and the piezoelectric sensor 2 are coaxially arranged with the housing 3. The housing 3 is used to protect internal components.

[0083] Specifically, the housing 3 includes a third opening, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 has a detection surface, and the third opening exposes the detection surface of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 .

[0084] The detection surface of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 faces the same direction as the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 .

[0085] The magnet fixing ring 15 is disposed between the housing 3 and the permanent magnet 11 to fix the permanent magnet 11 and prevent the permanent magnet 11 from shifting or shaking inside the housing 3 .

[0086] The inner diameter of the magnet fixing ring 15 matches the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 11 , and the outer diameter of the magnet fixing ring 15 matches the inner diameter of the housing 3 .

[0087] In one embodiment, the height of the magnet fixing ring 15 is not greater than the height of the permanent magnet 11, that is, in the axial direction from the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 11 to the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 11, the thickness of the magnet fixing ring 15 is less than the thickness of the permanent magnet 11, so as to improve the utilization rate of the magnetic field.

[0088] The magnet fixing ring 15 is made of a magnetic conductive material and forms a specific magnetic circuit structure through size and structure design, thereby enhancing the magnetism of the original permanent magnet 11 .

[0089] At the same time, the permanent magnet 11 and the magnet fixing ring 15 can be considered as a single unit, that is, the magnet fixing ring 15 is used to increase the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 11. In other words, this embodiment maximizes the outer diameter of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 to improve the testing performance of the electromagnetic ultrasonic dual-wave transducer. This requires only that the outer diameter of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 11.

[0090] The integrated dual-wave transducer further includes a cable clamp 4 . The side wall of the housing 3 includes a first through hole 31 . The cable clamp 4 is connected to the first through hole 31 and introduces the wire into the interior of the housing 3 .

[0091] The cable clamp 4 is connected to the housing 3 through the first through hole 31 to introduce the wires into the housing 3 to provide stable signal lines and / or power lines for the piezoelectric sensor 2 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 inside the housing 3 .

[0092] Specifically, the magnet fixing ring 15 has a notch extending from the upper surface to the lower surface to ensure that the signal line and / or power line pass through the magnet fixing ring 15 and connect to the electromagnetic induction coil 13. The sleeve 22 has a third through hole 25 extending vertically through the middle portion thereof. The signal line and / or power line extends through the third through hole 25 of the sleeve 22 and extends from the upper portion of the sleeve 22 to the lower portion of the sleeve 22 to connect to the piezoelectric sensor 2.

[0093] The integrated dual-wave transducer also includes an absorbing plate 12 and a wear-resistant plate 14 connected to the electromagnetic induction coil 13. The absorbing plate 12 is arranged on the side of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 close to the permanent magnet 11, and the wear-resistant plate 14 is arranged on the side of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 away from the permanent magnet 11.

[0094] The absorbing plate 12 is in close contact with the contact surface of the permanent magnet 11 and the electromagnetic induction coil 13, forming a physical isolation layer between the permanent magnet 11 and the electromagnetic induction coil 13. Specifically, in the permanent magnet 11 and the electromagnetic induction coil 13 of the present application, the absorbing plate 12 is set as an annular thin sheet and embedded in the contact gap between the two. By absorbing electromagnetic wave energy of non-working frequency, it avoids its conversion into interference signals and ensures uniform distribution of the magnetic field.

[0095] Specifically, in the direction parallel to the axis of the permanent magnet 11, the orthographic projection of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 on the lower surface of the absorbing plate 12 is completely located inside the lower surface of the absorbing plate 12, which can minimize the influence of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil 13 on the static magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 11.

[0096] The absorbing plate 12 is bonded to the permanent magnet 11 and the electromagnetic induction coil 13 with epoxy resin glue or other adhesives to ensure that the absorbing plate 12 fits tightly with the permanent magnet 11 and the coil to avoid air gaps affecting the absorbing performance.

[0097] The absorbing sheet 12 can be a copper foil or a magnetic conductive sheet with 1-6 layers.

[0098] The integrated dual-wave transducer further includes a wear-resistant sheet 14 , which is disposed on a side of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 away from the permanent magnet 11 .

[0099] The wear-resistant sheet 14 includes a first wear-resistant sheet 141 and a second wear-resistant sheet 142. The second wear-resistant sheet 142 is disposed between the first wear-resistant sheet 141 and the electromagnetic induction coil 13. After the electromagnetic induction coil 13 is wound, the second wear-resistant sheet 142 is integrally formed with the coil bobbin by gluing, injection molding, or other fixing methods, forming a non-detachable fixed connection to prevent the second wear-resistant sheet 142 from falling off under high-frequency vibration.

[0100] The first wear-resistant sheet 141 is easier to disassemble and replace than the second wear-resistant sheet 142. The first wear-resistant sheet 141 directly contacts the material to be tested. Compared with the second wear-resistant sheet 142, the first wear-resistant sheet 141 is more easily worn. The first wear-resistant sheet 141 is independently processed to form a replaceable wear-resistant consumable unit.

[0101] The first wear-resistant sheet 141 and the second wear-resistant sheet 142 are both ceramic sheets or plastic sheets with low electrical conductivity and low magnetic permeability. Furthermore, the wear-resistant sheet 14 is provided in two layers. When the surface of the first wear-resistant sheet 141 near the third opening is worn and needs to be replaced, the first wear-resistant sheet 141 can be directly removed from the third opening and replaced with a new one, thereby avoiding damage to the electromagnetic induction coil 13.

[0102] The second wear-resistant sheet 142 is a plastic sheet fixedly connected to the electromagnetic induction coil 13 .

[0103] In one embodiment, the absorbing plate 12 , the electromagnetic induction coil 13 and the wear-resistant plate 14 are annular structures with the same central aperture size, and the absorbing plate 12 , the electromagnetic induction coil 13 and the wear-resistant plate 14 are coaxially arranged.

[0104] In another embodiment, the outer diameter of the absorbing plate 12 is the same as the outer diameter of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 and is smaller than the outer diameter of the second wear-resistant plate 142 .

[0105] A fourth opening is provided at one end of the housing 3 opposite to the third opening. A cover 5 is provided at the fourth opening. The cover 5 covers the housing 3 .

[0106] The housing 3 serves as a protective structure and a bearing structure for the integrated dual-wave transducer. The inner wall of the housing 3 is provided with a first step portion 32 , a second step portion 33 , a third step portion 34 and a fourth step portion 35 from top to bottom.

[0107] The first step portion 32 , the second step portion 33 , the third step portion 34 and the fourth step portion 35 all protrude from the inner side wall of the housing 3 toward the central axis of the housing.

[0108] The first step portion 32 supports the cover 5 so that the upper surface of the cover 5 is flush with the end surface of the fourth opening of the housing 3 .

[0109] The second step portion 33 is used to support the magnet fixing ring 15 and to raise the height of the magnet fixing ring 15 in a direction parallel to the axis.

[0110] The third step portion 34 is disposed on a side of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 away from the permanent magnet 11 , and is used to support an outer edge of the electromagnetic induction coil 13 .

[0111] The fourth step portion 35 is disposed on a side of the wear-resistant sheet 14 away from the electromagnetic induction coil 13 , and is used to support an outer edge of the wear-resistant sheet 14 .

[0112] The electromagnetic induction coil 13 can be wound with enameled wire or processed using PCB technology, wherein the PCB can be a flexible PCB or a conventional PCB.

[0113] Preferably, in the present application, at least one second through hole 161 is provided in the area where the magnet fixing plate 16 contacts the permanent magnet 11 , and when the magnet fixing plate 16 and the permanent magnet 11 are colloidally fixed, the second through hole 161 accommodates excess colloid.

[0114] The magnet fixing plate 16 is configured as a circular or annular plate structure, and at least one second through hole 161 penetrating the thickness direction of the magnet fixing plate 16 and the portion where the magnet fixing plate 16 contacts the permanent magnet 11 is configured.

[0115] The magnet fixing plate 16 and the permanent magnet 11 are fixed by colloid. The colloid may overflow due to pressure or volume change during the curing process. The second through hole 161 serves as a accommodating interval to collect excess colloid, keep the contact surface clean, and at the same time increase the bonding area between the magnet fixing plate 16 and the permanent magnet 11 to improve the fixing strength.

[0116] The specific arrangement and number of the second through holes 161 on the magnet fixing plate 16 are not specifically limited in this application.

[0117] In the present application, the piezoelectric sensor 2 is a piezoelectric chip encapsulated transducer, which includes a sound guide plate, a piezoelectric chip and a signal processing circuit connected in sequence from the detection end to the adjustment end.

[0118] The present application relates to an integrated dual-wave transducer, including an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and a piezoelectric sensor 2; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 includes a permanent magnet 11 and an electromagnetic induction coil 13 arranged at one end of the permanent magnet 11, the permanent magnet 11 includes a first accommodating portion 111, the piezoelectric sensor 2 is located in the first accommodating portion 111, and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor 2 is close to the electromagnetic induction coil 13. The present application designs an integrated dual-wave transducer, that is, a transducer combining the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and the piezoelectric sensor 2. In actual application, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 1 and the piezoelectric sensor 2 are used to separately measure and determine the shear wave and longitudinal wave with the best signal-to-noise ratio, thereby ensuring the measurability of the bolt axial force and the accuracy of the measured value.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specifically," or "optional embodiment" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0120] This application has been described with reference to the aforementioned embodiments. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. On the contrary, modifications and enhancements made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application are intended to be protected by this patent.

Claims

1. An integrated dual-wave transducer, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor (1) and a piezoelectric sensor (2); the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor (1) comprises a permanent magnet (11) and an electromagnetic induction coil (13) arranged at one end of the permanent magnet (11); the permanent magnet (11) comprises a first accommodating portion (111) inside, the piezoelectric sensor (2) is located in the first accommodating portion (111), and the detection end of the piezoelectric sensor (2) is close to the electromagnetic induction coil (13); The integrated dual-wave transducer further comprises an elastic component (21) abutting against the piezoelectric sensor (2), wherein the elastic component (21) abuts against an end of the piezoelectric sensor (2) away from the detection end. When the elastic component (21) is in a natural state, the piezoelectric sensor (2) partially protrudes from the electromagnetic induction coil (13). When the piezoelectric sensor (2) is subjected to axial pressure from outside the integrated dual-wave transducer, the elastic component (21) contracts and deforms.

2. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first accommodating portion (111) passes through the permanent magnet (11) from top to bottom.

3. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric sensor (2) and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor (1) are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the permanent magnet (11) as an axis.

4. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor (1) further comprises a magnet fixing plate (16), wherein the magnet fixing plate (16) is arranged at an end of the permanent magnet (11) away from the electromagnetic induction coil (13), and one end of the elastic component (21) abuts against the piezoelectric sensor (2), and the other end partially passes through the magnet fixing plate (16).

5. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic component (21) includes a sleeve (22) and a spring (23) sleeved on the outside of the sleeve (22); the sleeve (22) includes a first section (221) and a second section (222) connected to each other; the outer diameter of the first section (221) is larger than the outer diameter of the second section (222) and forms a boss; the second section (222) partially passes through the magnet fixing plate (16); the two ends of the spring (23) respectively abut the magnet fixing plate (16) and the boss; the spring (23) is deformed so that the sleeve (22) moves axially at the center of the permanent magnet (11).

6. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piezoelectric sensor (2) is fixed inside the first section (221).

7. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The integrated dual-wave transducer further comprises a lubricating bushing (24) arranged around the outside of the piezoelectric sensor (2), and the outer wall of the lubricating bushing (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the permanent magnet (11).

8. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated dual-wave transducer further comprises a housing (3) annularly covering the outside of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor (1), and a magnet fixing ring (15) is provided between the housing (3) and the permanent magnet (11).

9. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The integrated dual-wave transducer further comprises a cable clamp (4), the side wall of the housing (3) comprises a first through hole (31), the cable clamp (4) is connected to the first through hole (31), and leads the wire into the interior of the housing (3).

10. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated dual-wave transducer further comprises an absorbing plate (12) and a wear-resistant plate (14) connected to the electromagnetic induction coil (13); the absorbing plate (12) is arranged on a side of the electromagnetic induction coil (13) close to the permanent magnet (11); and the wear-resistant plate (14) is arranged on a side of the electromagnetic induction coil (13) away from the permanent magnet (11).

11. The integrated dual-wave transducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one second through hole (161) is provided in the area where the magnet fixing plate (16) contacts the permanent magnet (11); when the magnet fixing plate (16) and the permanent magnet (11) are colloidally fixed, the second through hole (161) accommodates excess colloid.

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