Elastic wave vector seismic exploration data static correction method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration, and specifically discloses an elastic wave vector seismic exploration data static correction method, which comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model; S2, establishing a three-component micro-logging S-wave surface velocity model; S3, performing low-frequency static correction on P-wave seismic data; S4, performing low-frequency static correction on S-wave seismic data; S5, performing low-frequency static correction on converted wave seismic data; S6, calculating the shot point and geophone residual static correction amount of P-wave wave field, converted wave wave field and S-wave wave field; and S7, calculating the total static correction amount of the shot point and geophone of the P-wave wave field, converted wave wave field and S-wave wave field. The application effectively solves the static correction problem of various wave field seismic data in elastic wave vector seismic exploration, improves the calculation efficiency and imaging accuracy, and is suitable for the static correction of seismic exploration data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seismic exploration technology, specifically a method, device, equipment, and medium for static correction of elastic wave vector seismic exploration data. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing difficulty of oil and gas exploration, the effective identification and efficient development of oil and gas reservoirs have faced greater challenges. Traditional single P-wave seismic wavefield exploration methods (P-wave source excitation and P-wave component reception) are facing more challenges and limitations. Therefore, elastic wave vector seismic exploration methods (single P-wave source excitation or P-wave source-S-wave source synchronous excitation and P-wave-S-wave component synchronous reception) are receiving increasing attention from the oil and gas exploration industry.

[0003] Elastic wave vector seismic exploration, also known as multi-wave multi-component seismic exploration, differs significantly from conventional single P-wave exploration in that it uses multiple wave sources for excitation and multiple component geophones for reception. This allows for the acquisition of full-wavelength vector information of underground oil and gas reservoirs, providing the possibility for accurately describing the structural morphology of underground geological bodies, predicting fine fractures, and precisely characterizing the spatial distribution of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0004] The technical advantages of elastic wave vector seismic exploration mainly include the following aspects: (1) For areas such as gas cloud areas, clastic tight gas reservoirs, carbonate reservoirs, and shale oil and gas reservoirs, P-wave (P-wave source excitation, P-wave component reception) data has the characteristics of low signal-to-noise ratio and weak energy. However, by using converted wave (P-wave source excitation, S-wave component reception) and S-wave (S-wave source excitation, S-wave component reception) information, accurate imaging and reservoir characterization can be achieved; (2) Elastic wave seismic exploration data has rich wave field information and can simultaneously obtain P-wave, converted wave, and S-wave wave field information. In addition to accurately extracting P-wave velocity parameters, it can also more accurately obtain S-wave velocity parameters, thereby further extracting accurate reservoir elastic parameters, such as Poisson's ratio, P-wave / S-wave velocity ratio, Young's modulus, brittleness index, etc., for carrying out lithological prediction and reservoir characteristic description work; (3) Converted wave data and S-wave data information are more sensitive to reservoir fractures and can better solve the difficult problems of quantitatively predicting reservoir fracture development characteristics and fluid detection using S-wave splitting characteristics.

[0005] In elastic wave vector seismic exploration, the static correction of shear waves has always been a bottleneck restricting the development of this technology. Due to the rapid changes in the near-surface shear wave surface velocity structure and the large thickness of the low-velocity zone, the shear wave velocity differs significantly from the P-wave velocity near the surface, resulting in complex variations in the static correction. At the same receiver location, the static correction for shear waves can be 2-10 times that for P-waves. Furthermore, the phase axis is severely distorted on converted wave and shear wave imaging profiles, leading to poor imaging continuity and serious high- and low-frequency static correction problems.

[0006] Currently, commonly used methods for static correction of shear waves include: static correction using the P-wave coefficient method, static correction using the converted wave first arrival picking method, static correction using the common receiver stacking method, and static correction using the surface wave inversion method. However, all of these methods have drawbacks: the P-wave coefficient method has a relatively cumbersome testing procedure, low operability, and poor accuracy; the converted wave first arrival picking method is difficult to identify and pick up because the actual converted wave data has a low signal-to-noise ratio, and the converted wave first arrival information is often masked by other wavefield information and noise signals; the common receiver stacking method is more suitable for multi-wave multi-component seismic data with simple geological structures and high signal-to-noise ratios, but its adaptability is poor for multi-wave multi-component seismic data with complex geological structures and low signal-to-noise ratios; the surface wave inversion method for static correction of shear waves is highly dependent on the initial layered structure model for model inversion accuracy, and to avoid spatial aliasing, the original data acquisition needs to use small channel spacing and high-density reception.

[0007] Based on the above analysis, there is an urgent need for a method that can efficiently and accurately solve the static correction problem of shear waves in elastic wave vector seismic exploration, so as to promote the progress and improvement of elastic wave vector seismic exploration technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a static correction method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data, so as to effectively solve the static correction problem of various wavefield seismic data in elastic wave vector seismic exploration, and improve computational efficiency and imaging accuracy.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical methods:

[0010] A static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Conduct surface surveys of P-wave micrologging data in seismic field work areas, interpret the velocity of P-wave micrologging data, and establish a surface velocity model of P-wave micrologging data.

[0012] S2. Conduct surface surveys of three-component micrologging in seismic work areas, interpret the velocity of three-component micrologging data, and establish a three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model.

[0013] S3. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area, pick the first arrival of the P-wave seismic data obtained from the elastic wave vector seismic exploration, use the surface velocity model of P-wave micro-logging established in step S1 as a constraint, adopt the tomographic inversion technique based on the first arrival travel time information of P-wave to establish a near-surface P-wave velocity model, calculate the low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave wave field, and perform low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data through the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave wave field.

[0014] S4. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. When the source type is synchronous excitation of P-wave and S-wave sources, first arrival picking is performed on the S-wave seismic data obtained from the elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the three-component micro-logging S-wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, the first near-surface S-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on S-wave first arrival travel time information, and the low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the S-wave wavefield is calculated. When the source type is excitation of a single P-wave source, a small channel spacing and high-density reception acquisition method is adopted. In step S3, the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration are optimized by selecting the shot-receiver distance to obtain Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with obvious linear characteristics. Then, using the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, the model is inverted based on the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion characteristic curve to establish a second near-surface shear wave velocity model with low-velocity zone layered structure characteristics. The low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field is calculated, and the low-frequency static correction of the shear wave seismic data is performed on the shear wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field.

[0015] S5. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. Obtain converted wave seismic data by using the acquisition method of P-wave source excitation and S-wave component reception. Perform low-frequency static correction on the shot data of converted wave seismic data using the low-frequency static correction amount of P-wave wavefield shot point obtained in step S3. Perform low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of converted wave seismic data using the low-frequency static correction amount of S-wave wavefield receiver point obtained in step S4.

[0016] S6. Perform normal time difference correction on the low-frequency statically corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, calculate the surface consistency residual static correction amount of the P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, and obtain the shot point and receiver point residual static correction amount of the P-wave wavefield, converted wave field and S-wave field.

[0017] S7. Based on the low-frequency static corrections of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field obtained in step S3, the low-frequency static corrections of the shot point and receiver point of the S-wave field obtained in step S4, and the remaining static corrections of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field, converted wave field, and S-wave field obtained in step S6, calculate the total static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field, converted wave field, and S-wave field.

[0018] As a limitation, the specific steps for establishing the P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model in step S1 are as follows:

[0019] S11. Pick up the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wave field at each excitation point in the P-wave micrologging data;

[0020] S12. For each trigger point's P-wave micrologging data, based on the time-depth curves of the P-wave first arrival time versus depth for different seismic traces, establish a discrete point model of the P-wave layer velocity at the trigger point, as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] in, For longitudinal waves The depth of the strata, For longitudinal waves The depth of the strata, For longitudinal waves The initial arrival time of the layer, For longitudinal waves The initial arrival time of +1 floor, For the first Longitudinal wave velocity of the layer;

[0023] S13. Based on steps S11 and S12, obtain the discrete point model of P-wave layer velocity at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, and then perform three-dimensional spatial uniform sampling interpolation to obtain a three-dimensional spatial uniform sampling surface velocity model of P-wave micro-logging in the entire work area.

[0024] As a limitation, the specific steps for establishing the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model in step S2 are as follows:

[0025] S21. Pick up the first arrival travel time information of the seismic wave field of the shear wave component at each excitation point in the three-component micro-logging data;

[0026] S22. For the shear wave component micrologging data at each excitation point, based on the time-depth curves of the shear wave first arrival time versus depth for different seismic traces, a discrete point model of the shear wave layer velocity at the excitation point is established as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] in, For transverse waves The depth of the strata, For transverse waves The depth of the strata, For transverse waves The initial arrival time of the layer, For transverse waves The initial arrival time of +1 floor, For the first Shear wave velocity of the layer;

[0029] S23. Based on steps S21 and S22, obtain the discrete point model of the shear wave velocity of all excitation points in the field seismic work area, and then perform three-dimensional space uniform sampling interpolation to obtain a three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model with uniform three-dimensional space sampling throughout the entire work area.

[0030] As a limitation, step S3 specifically refers to:

[0031] S31. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area, obtain P-wave seismic data by using the acquisition method of P-wave source excitation and P-wave component reception, and pick up the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield at each excitation point.

[0032] S32. Obtain the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic field at all excitation points in the field seismic work area according to step S31.

[0033] S33. Using the P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model established in step S1 as a constraint, and utilizing the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, a near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave. The first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield and the slowness of the P-wave in the formation grid satisfy the following relationship:

[0034] ;

[0035] in, It is the longitudinal wave. The initial arrival time of the ray from the excitation point S to the receiving point R, This is the first longitudinal wave ray in the work area. The distance traveled within the layers, It is the longitudinal wave in the first The slowness of the layer;

[0036] The relationship between P-wave slowness and P-wave velocity is:

[0037] ;

[0038] in, It is the first Longitudinal wave velocity of the layer;

[0039] The first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield and the slowness formula of the P-wave in the stratigraphic grid can be simplified as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, Here is the first arrival travel time matrix of the P-wave. For the longitudinal wave ray matrix, This is the longitudinal wave slowness matrix;

[0042] A near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion techniques based on P-wave first arrival travel time information, specifically as follows:

[0043] Establish the objective function :

[0044] ;

[0045] in, The initial slowness matrix of the P-wave is obtained from the surface velocity model of the P-wave micro-logging established in step S1. This represents the perturbation amount of the longitudinal wave slowness matrix. This is the actual observed first arrival travel time matrix of the P-wave. For the first The error between the longitudinal wave ray tracing travel time and the actual observed travel time after the next iteration;

[0046] The objective function is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The specific calculation method is as follows: For the In the next iteration, a perturbation is randomly generated. This forms a new state for the objective function, and the perturbation is calculated. Cause the objective function Change ;if If the energy decreases, the disturbance is accepted; if That is, if the energy increases, the probability that the disturbance will be accepted is:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, For the first Absolute temperature during the next iteration calculation;

[0049] No. After the first iteration, if the perturbation is accepted, the parameter values ​​of the objective function are modified; otherwise, the original parameter values ​​of the objective function are used, and the iteration continues in this manner until the [number]th iteration is reached. If the objective function reaches the convergence condition at this point, the loop terminates, the current optimal solution is output, and the calculation ends. At this point, the optimal solution for the P-wave slowness matrix is ​​obtained. The expression is:

[0050] ;

[0051] in, For the first The perturbation amount of the P-wave slowness matrix during the next iteration calculation;

[0052] The final inversion model of near-surface P-wave velocity for:

[0053] ;

[0054] S34. Based on the near-surface P-wave velocity model Calculate the low-frequency static correction values ​​at the shot point and receiver point of the longitudinal wave field;

[0055] The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the shot point of the P-wave field is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point of the P-wave field is as follows:

[0058] ;

[0059] in, This represents the low-frequency static correction at the shot point for the longitudinal wave field. This represents the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point for the longitudinal wave field. This represents the static correction reference plane for the shot point. Indicates the static correction reference plane of the detector point. Indicates the surface elevation of the firing point. Indicates the surface elevation of the receiver point. This represents the velocity of the high-velocity layer in the near-surface P-wave velocity model. This represents the low-velocity layer velocity in the near-surface P-wave velocity model. Indicates the thickness of the low-velocity layer at the shot point location. The thickness of the low-velocity layer indicates the location of the detector point;

[0060] S35. Perform low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data obtained in step S31 using the low-frequency static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field obtained in step S34.

[0061] As a limitation, step S4 specifically refers to:

[0062] S41. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area;

[0063] When the source type is synchronous excitation of P-wave source and S-wave source, the acquisition method of S-wave source excitation and S-wave component reception is used to obtain S-wave seismic data and pick up the first arrival travel time information of the S-wave seismic wavefield at each excitation point.

[0064] Based on the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic wavefields at all excitation points in the field seismic work area;

[0065] Using the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, and utilizing the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, a first near-surface shear wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave. The first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field and the slowness of the shear wave in the formation grid satisfy the following relationship:

[0066] ;

[0067] in, It is the transverse wave. The initial arrival time of the ray from the excitation point S to the receiving point R, This is the first transverse wave ray in the work area. The distance traveled within the layers, It is a transverse wave in the first... The slowness of the layer;

[0068] The relationship between shear wave slowness and shear wave velocity is:

[0069] ;

[0070] in, It is the first Shear wave velocity of the layer;

[0071] The first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field and the slowness formula of the shear wave in the stratigraphic grid can be simplified as follows:

[0072] ;

[0073] in, Here is the first arrival travel time matrix for the transverse wave. For transverse wave ray matrix, This is the transverse wave slowness matrix;

[0074] A tomographic inversion technique based on shear wave first arrival travel time information was used to establish the first near-surface shear wave velocity model, specifically:

[0075] Establish the objective function :

[0076] ;

[0077] in, The initial slowness matrix of the shear wave is obtained from the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2. This represents the perturbation amount of the transverse wave slowness matrix. This is the actual observed first arrival travel time matrix of the shear wave. For the first The error between the transverse wave ray tracing travel time and the actual observed travel time after the next iteration;

[0078] The objective function is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The specific calculation method is as follows: For the In the next iteration, a perturbation is randomly generated. This forms a new state for the objective function, and the perturbation is calculated. Cause the objective function Change ;if If the energy decreases, the disturbance is accepted; if That is, if the energy increases, the probability that the disturbance will be accepted is:

[0079] ;

[0080] in, For the first Absolute temperature during the next iteration calculation;

[0081] No. After the first iteration, if the perturbation is accepted, the parameter values ​​of the objective function are modified; otherwise, the original parameter values ​​of the objective function are used, and the iteration continues in this manner until the [number]th iteration is reached. If the objective function reaches the convergence condition at this point, the loop terminates, the current optimal solution is output, and the calculation ends. At this point, the optimal solution for the transverse wave slowness matrix is ​​obtained. The expression is:

[0082] ;

[0083] in, For the first The perturbation amount of the transverse wave slowness matrix during the next iteration calculation;

[0084] The first near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained by final inversion for:

[0085] ;

[0086] When the seismic source is a single P-wave source, a small-interval, high-density receiver acquisition method is used to optimize the shot-receiver offset of the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration. This yields Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with clear linear characteristics. The Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve is inverted using the damped least squares method, and a second near-surface shear wave velocity model is established. The objective function is... for:

[0087] ;

[0088] in, The Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve is observed in practice. The three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step 2 is as follows: This represents the perturbation amount in the second near-surface shear wave velocity model. For the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve calculated by forward modeling, This represents the number of inverted data points.

[0089] objective function The damped least squares solution is:

[0090] ;

[0091] in, for Jacobian matrix, for The transpose of the matrix, The damping factor, It is the identity matrix;

[0092] The second near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained by final inversion for:

[0093] ;

[0094] S42. Based on the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained in step S41, calculate the low-frequency static correction for the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field; the formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction for the shot point of the shear wave field is as follows:

[0095] ;

[0096] The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point of the transverse wave field is as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, This represents the low-frequency static correction at the shot point for the transverse wave field. This represents the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point for the transverse wave field. This represents the static correction reference plane for the shot point. Indicates the static correction reference plane of the detector point. Indicates the surface elevation of the firing point. Indicates the surface elevation of the receiver point. This represents the high-velocity layer velocity in either the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model. This represents the low-velocity layer velocity of either the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model. Indicates the thickness of the low-velocity layer at the shot point location. The thickness of the low-velocity layer indicates the location of the detector point;

[0099] S43. Perform low-frequency static correction on the shear wave seismic data obtained in step S41 using the low-frequency static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field obtained in step S42.

[0100] As a limitation: the residual static correction for surface consistency of the P-wave seismic data calculated in step S6 after normal time difference correction is specifically the residual static correction for any seismic trace. Represented as,

[0101] ;

[0102] in, For the cannon point, For the detector point number, The common center point number; Indicates the gun point number The remaining static correction amount, Indicates the detector point number The remaining static correction amount; For the construct, it means the first term. The residual time difference caused by the structural fluctuations at the location of the common center point;

[0103] Residual static correction for any seismic trace Perform residual time difference decomposition and establish a system of linear equations based on the criterion of minimizing the squared error. The residual static correction for any seismic trace is known to be... The residual static correction amount calculated in each iteration is: Establish the objective function Solve the objective function The minimum error squared solution,

[0104] ;

[0105] Take the following partial derivatives,

[0106] , , ;

[0107] An iterative algorithm is used to solve the system of equations to obtain the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location ;

[0108] The residual static correction for surface consistency in converted wave seismic data after normal time difference correction is calculated using the same method as that used for calculating the residual static correction for surface consistency in P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, thus obtaining the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location ;

[0109] The residual static correction for surface consistency in S-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction is calculated using the same method as that used for calculating the residual static correction for surface consistency in P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, thus obtaining the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location .

[0110] As a limitation: In step S7, the total static correction for the P-wave field at the shot point and receiver point is calculated as follows:

[0111] ;

[0112] ;

[0113] in, This is the total static correction for the P-wave field at the shot point. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the P-wave field shot point. This is the residual static correction amount at the shot point in the longitudinal wave field;

[0114] This is the total static correction at the receiver point for the P-wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the receiver point of the P-wave field. This is the residual static correction at the receiver point for the longitudinal wave field;

[0115] Calculate the total static correction for the converted wave field at the shot and receiver points:

[0116] ;

[0117] ;

[0118] in, For the total static correction of the shot point in the converted wave field, This is the low-frequency static correction value for the P-wave field shot point. This is the residual static correction amount at the shot point of the converted wave field;

[0119] The total static correction at the receiver point for the converted wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the transverse wave field detector point. This is the residual static correction amount at the detector point of the converted wave field;

[0120] Calculate the total static correction for the shear wave field at the shot and receiver points:

[0121] ;

[0122] ;

[0123] in, This is the total static correction for the shear wave field at the shot point. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the shear wave field shot point. This is the remaining static correction amount at the shot point in the transverse wave field;

[0124] This is the total static correction at the receiver point for the shear wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the transverse wave field detector point. This is the residual static correction at the receiver point for the transverse wave field.

[0125] This invention also discloses a static correction device for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data, comprising:

[0126] The P-wave micrologging surface velocity model construction module is used to conduct P-wave micrologging surface surveys in seismic field areas, interpret the velocity of P-wave micrologging data, and establish a P-wave micrologging surface velocity model.

[0127] The three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model construction module is used to conduct three-component micrologging surface surveys in seismic field areas, interpret the velocity of three-component micrologging data, and establish a three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model.

[0128] The low-frequency static correction module for P-wave seismic data is used to conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. It performs first arrival picking on the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration, uses the established P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model as a constraint, and adopts tomographic inversion technology based on P-wave first arrival travel time information to establish a near-surface P-wave velocity model. It calculates the low-frequency static correction of the P-wave wave field at the shot point and receiver point, and performs low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the P-wave wave field at the shot point and receiver point.

[0129] The low-frequency static correction module for shear wave seismic data is used for elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. When the source type is synchronous excitation of a P-wave source and a S-wave source, it performs first arrival picking on the shear wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the established three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model as a constraint, it employs tomographic inversion technology based on shear wave first arrival travel time information to establish the first near-surface shear wave velocity model and calculate the low-frequency static correction for the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field. When the source type is excitation of a single P-wave source, it uses trace spacing and height... The density-receiving acquisition method optimizes the shot-receiver distance of the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration to obtain Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with obvious linear characteristics. Then, with the established three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model as a constraint, the second near-surface shear wave velocity model with low-velocity zone layered structure characteristics is established by inversion based on the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion characteristic curve. The low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field is calculated, and the low-frequency static correction of the shear wave seismic data is performed on the shear wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field.

[0130] The low-frequency static correction module for converted wave seismic data is used to conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. It acquires converted wave seismic data by using a P-wave source to excite and a S-wave component to receive the data. The module performs low-frequency static correction on the shot data of the converted wave seismic data by using the low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of the converted wave seismic data by using the low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of the S-wave field.

[0131] The residual static correction calculation module is used to perform normal time difference correction on the low-frequency statically corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, calculate the surface consistency residual static correction of the normal time difference corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, and obtain the shot point and receiver point residual static correction of the P-wave wavefield, converted wave field and S-wave wavefield.

[0132] The total static correction calculation module is used to calculate the total static correction of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field, the converted wave field, and the S-wave field based on the low-frequency static corrections of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field and the S-wave field, as well as the remaining static corrections of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field, the converted wave field, and the S-wave field.

[0133] The present invention also discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method.

[0134] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and which implements the above-described method when executed by a processor.

[0135] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention, due to the adoption of the above-described solution, compared with the prior art, are as follows:

[0136] (1) The present invention provides a static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data. First arrival picking is performed on shear wave seismic data acquired through elastic wave vector seismic exploration. A three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model is used as a constraint. Then, a near-surface shear wave inversion model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on shear wave first arrival travel time information. Compared with traditional methods, the initial shear wave velocity model established by the present invention fully utilizes the three-component micro-logging shear wave velocity information, making the initial shear wave velocity model more accurate. The shear wave velocity model obtained by the inversion in the present invention is directly derived from real shear wave information, making the inverted shear wave velocity model more accurate and increasing the reliability of the shear wave velocity model inversion results.

[0137] (2) This invention can simultaneously obtain high-precision near-surface P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity models, and synchronously calculate the static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point for the P-wave, converted wave, and S-wave wavefields. Compared with traditional methods, the implementation of this invention is more convenient, the calculation efficiency is faster, and the method accuracy is higher. It can effectively solve the static correction problem of multiple wavefield seismic data in elastic wave vector seismic exploration, and improve the application value of this invention.

[0138] (3) The present invention provides a static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data. It uses the simulated annealing method based on nonlinear global optimization algorithm to solve the tomographic inversion problem of the first arrival travel time information of P-wave and S-wave. It can search not only in the direction of decreasing objective function, but also in the direction of increasing objective function. It will not get stuck in local extrema and can climb out of local extrema. It has high search efficiency and can reach the overall extrema. It can invert to obtain a more accurate near-surface P-wave and S-wave velocity model.

[0139] (4) The present invention also provides corresponding implementation devices, electronic devices and readable storage media, which further make the method more practical, and the devices, electronic devices and readable storage media have corresponding advantages.

[0140] This invention is applicable to static correction of seismic exploration data. Attached Figure Description

[0141] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0142] Figure 1 This refers to the initial arrival picking of P-wave seismic shot gather data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0143] Figure 2 The near-surface P-wave velocity model established for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0144] Figure 3 This is the first arrival pickup of shear wave seismic shot gather data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0145] Figure 4 The first near-surface shear wave velocity model established for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0146] Figure 5 This is the total static correction amount for the detector point in the longitudinal wave field of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0147] Figure 6 This refers to the total static correction amount of the longitudinal wave field shot point in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0148] Figure 7 This is the total static correction amount for the detector point in the shear wave field of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0149] Figure 8 This refers to the total static correction amount for the shear wave field shot point in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0150] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of an elastic wave vector seismic exploration data static correction device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0151] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0152] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any improvements and equivalent changes made based on the specific embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0153] Example 1: A static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data

[0154] A static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data includes the following steps:

[0155] S1. Conduct surface surveys of P-wave micrologging data in the seismic field, interpret the velocity of the P-wave micrologging data, and establish a surface velocity model for the P-wave micrologging data; specifically including the following steps:

[0156] S11. Pick up the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wave field at each excitation point in the P-wave micrologging data;

[0157] S12. For each trigger point's P-wave micrologging data, based on the time-depth curves of the P-wave first arrival time versus depth for different seismic traces, establish a discrete point model of the P-wave layer velocity at the trigger point, as follows:

[0158] ;

[0159] in, For longitudinal waves The depth of the strata, For longitudinal waves The depth of the strata, For longitudinal waves The initial arrival time of the layer, For longitudinal waves The initial arrival time of +1 floor, For the first Longitudinal wave velocity of the layer;

[0160] S13. Based on steps S11 and S12, obtain the discrete point model of P-wave layer velocity at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, and then perform three-dimensional spatial uniform sampling interpolation to obtain a three-dimensional spatial uniform sampling surface velocity model of P-wave micro-logging in the entire work area.

[0161] S2. Conduct surface surveys using three-component micrologging data in the seismic field, interpret the velocity of the three-component micrologging data, and establish a three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model; specifically including the following steps:

[0162] S21. Pick up the first arrival travel time information of the seismic wave field of the shear wave component at each excitation point in the three-component micro-logging data;

[0163] S22. For the shear wave component micrologging data at each excitation point, based on the time-depth curves of the shear wave first arrival time versus depth for different seismic traces, a discrete point model of the shear wave layer velocity at the excitation point is established as follows:

[0164] ;

[0165] in, For transverse waves The depth of the strata, For transverse waves The depth of the strata, For transverse waves The initial arrival time of the layer, For transverse waves The initial arrival time of +1 floor, For the first Shear wave velocity of the layer;

[0166] S23. Based on steps S21 and S22, obtain the discrete point model of the shear wave velocity of all excitation points in the field seismic work area, and then perform three-dimensional space uniform sampling interpolation to obtain a three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model with uniform three-dimensional space sampling throughout the entire work area.

[0167] S3. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. First arrival picking is performed on the P-wave seismic data obtained from the elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model established in step S1 as a constraint, a near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on P-wave first arrival travel time information. Low-frequency static corrections for the P-wave wavefield at shot and receiver points are calculated, and the obtained low-frequency static corrections for the P-wave wavefield at shot and receiver points are used to perform low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0168] S31. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area, using a P-wave source excitation and P-wave component reception acquisition method to obtain P-wave seismic data, and pick up the first arrival and travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield at each excitation point, such as... Figure 1 The image shows the first arrival pick-up of the P-wave seismic shot gather data;

[0169] S32. Obtain the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic field at all excitation points in the field seismic work area according to step S31.

[0170] S33. Using the P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model established in step S1 as a constraint, and utilizing the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, a near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave. The near-surface P-wave velocity model is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield and the slowness of the P-wave in the stratigraphic grid satisfy the following relationship:

[0171] ;

[0172] in, It is the longitudinal wave. The initial arrival time of the ray from the excitation point S to the receiving point R, This is the first longitudinal wave ray in the work area. The distance traveled within the layers, It is the longitudinal wave in the first The slowness of the layer;

[0173] The relationship between P-wave slowness and P-wave velocity is:

[0174] ;

[0175] in, It is the first Longitudinal wave velocity of the layer;

[0176] The first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield and the slowness formula of the P-wave in the stratigraphic grid can be simplified as follows:

[0177] ;

[0178] in, Here is the first arrival travel time matrix of the P-wave. For the longitudinal wave ray matrix, This is the longitudinal wave slowness matrix;

[0179] A near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion techniques based on P-wave first arrival travel time information, specifically as follows:

[0180] Establish the objective function :

[0181] ;

[0182] in, The initial slowness matrix of the P-wave is obtained from the surface velocity model of the P-wave micro-logging established in step S1. This represents the perturbation amount of the longitudinal wave slowness matrix. This is the actual observed first arrival travel time matrix of the P-wave. For the first The error between the longitudinal wave ray tracing travel time and the actual observed travel time after the next iteration;

[0183] The objective function is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The specific calculation method is as follows: For the In the next iteration, a perturbation is randomly generated. This forms a new state for the objective function, and the perturbation is calculated. Cause the objective function Change ;if If the energy decreases, the disturbance is accepted; if That is, if the energy increases, the probability that the disturbance will be accepted is:

[0184] ;

[0185] in, For the first Absolute temperature during the next iteration calculation;

[0186] No. After the first iteration, if the perturbation is accepted, the parameter values ​​of the objective function are modified; otherwise, the original parameter values ​​of the objective function are used, and the iteration continues in this manner until the [number]th iteration is reached. If the objective function reaches the convergence condition at this point, the loop terminates, the current optimal solution is output, and the calculation ends. At this point, the optimal solution for the P-wave slowness matrix is ​​obtained. The expression is:

[0187] ;

[0188] in, For the first The perturbation amount of the P-wave slowness matrix during the next iteration calculation;

[0189] The final inversion model of near-surface P-wave velocity for:

[0190] ;

[0191] S34. Based on the near-surface P-wave velocity model Calculate the low-frequency static correction values ​​at the shot point and receiver point of the longitudinal wave field;

[0192] The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the shot point of the P-wave field is as follows:

[0193] ;

[0194] The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point of the P-wave field is as follows:

[0195] ;

[0196] in, This represents the low-frequency static correction at the shot point for the longitudinal wave field. This represents the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point for the longitudinal wave field. This represents the static correction reference plane for the shot point. Indicates the static correction reference plane of the detector point. Indicates the surface elevation of the firing point. Indicates the surface elevation of the receiver point. This represents the velocity of the high-velocity layer in the near-surface P-wave velocity model. This represents the low-velocity layer velocity in the near-surface P-wave velocity model. Indicates the thickness of the low-velocity layer at the shot point location. The thickness of the low-velocity layer indicates the location of the detector point;

[0197] S35. Perform low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data obtained in step S31 using the low-frequency static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field obtained in step S34.

[0198] S4. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. When the source type is synchronous excitation of P-wave and S-wave sources, first arrival picking is performed on the S-wave seismic data obtained from the elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the three-component micro-logging S-wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, a tomographic inversion technique based on S-wave first arrival travel time information is employed to establish the first near-surface S-wave velocity model and calculate the low-frequency static corrections for the shot point and receiver point of the S-wave wavefield. When the source type is excitation of a single P-wave source, a small-interval, high-density reception acquisition method is used to pick up the elastic wave vector seismic data obtained in step S31. The obtained P-wave seismic data is used to optimize the shot-receiver distance, selecting P-wave seismic data within the range of 50 meters to 2000 meters to obtain Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with obvious linear characteristics. Then, using the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, an inversion is performed based on the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion characteristic curve to establish a second near-surface shear wave velocity model with low-velocity zone layered structure characteristics. The low-frequency static corrections for the shot and receiver points of the shear wave field are calculated, and the low-frequency static corrections for the shear wave seismic data are then applied using the obtained low-frequency static corrections for the shot and receiver points of the shear wave field. The specific steps include the following:

[0199] S41. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area;

[0200] When the source type is synchronous excitation of a P-wave source and a S-wave source, S-wave seismic data is obtained using an acquisition method that utilizes S-wave source excitation and S-wave component reception. The first arrival and travel time information of the S-wave seismic wavefield at each excitation point is then captured, such as... Figure 3 The image shows the first arrival pick-up of shear wave seismic shot gather data;

[0201] Based on the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic wavefields at all excitation points in the field seismic work area;

[0202] Using the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, and utilizing the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic wavefield at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, a first near-surface shear wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on the shear wave first arrival travel time information. The first near-surface shear wave velocity model is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field and the slowness of the shear wave in the stratigraphic grid satisfy the following relationship:

[0203] ;

[0204] in, It is the transverse wave. The initial arrival time of the ray from the excitation point S to the receiving point R, This is the first transverse wave ray in the work area. The distance traveled within the layers, It is a transverse wave in the first... The slowness of the layer;

[0205] The relationship between shear wave slowness and shear wave velocity is:

[0206] ;

[0207] in, It is the first Shear wave velocity of the layer;

[0208] The first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field and the slowness formula of the shear wave in the stratigraphic grid can be simplified as follows:

[0209] ;

[0210] in, Here is the first arrival travel time matrix for the transverse wave. For transverse wave ray matrix, This is the transverse wave slowness matrix;

[0211] A tomographic inversion technique based on shear wave first arrival travel time information was used to establish the first near-surface shear wave velocity model, specifically:

[0212] Establish the objective function :

[0213] ;

[0214] in, The initial slowness matrix of the shear wave is obtained from the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2. This represents the perturbation amount of the transverse wave slowness matrix. This is the actual observed first arrival travel time matrix of the shear wave. For the first The error between the transverse wave ray tracing travel time and the actual observed travel time after the next iteration;

[0215] The objective function is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The specific calculation method is as follows: For the In the next iteration, a perturbation is randomly generated. This forms a new state for the objective function, and the perturbation is calculated. Cause the objective function Change ;if If the energy decreases, the disturbance is accepted; if That is, if the energy increases, the probability that the disturbance will be accepted is:

[0216] ;

[0217] in, For the first Absolute temperature during the next iteration calculation;

[0218] No. After the first iteration, if the perturbation is accepted, the parameter values ​​of the objective function are modified; otherwise, the original parameter values ​​of the objective function are used, and the iteration continues in this manner until the [number]th iteration is reached. If the objective function reaches the convergence condition at this point, the loop terminates, the current optimal solution is output, and the calculation ends. At this point, the optimal solution for the transverse wave slowness matrix is ​​obtained. The expression is:

[0219] ;

[0220] in, For the first The perturbation amount of the transverse wave slowness matrix during the next iteration calculation;

[0221] The first near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained by final inversion for:

[0222] ;

[0223] When the seismic source is a single P-wave source, a small-interval, high-density receiver acquisition method is used to optimize the shot-receiver offset of the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration. This yields Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with clear linear characteristics. The Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve is inverted using the damped least squares method, and a second near-surface shear wave velocity model is established. The objective function is... for:

[0224] ;

[0225] in, The Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve is observed in practice. The three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step 2 is as follows: This represents the perturbation amount in the second near-surface shear wave velocity model. For the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve calculated by forward modeling, This represents the number of inverted data points.

[0226] objective function The damped least squares solution is:

[0227] ;

[0228] in, for Jacobian matrix, for The transpose of the matrix, The damping factor, It is the identity matrix;

[0229] The second near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained by final inversion for:

[0230] ;

[0231] S42. Based on the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained in step S41, calculate the low-frequency static correction for the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field; the formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction for the shot point of the shear wave field is as follows:

[0232] ;

[0233] The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point of the transverse wave field is as follows:

[0234] ;

[0235] in, This represents the low-frequency static correction at the shot point for the transverse wave field. This represents the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point for the transverse wave field. This represents the static correction reference plane for the shot point. Indicates the static correction reference plane of the detector point. Indicates the surface elevation of the firing point. Indicates the surface elevation of the receiver point. This represents the high-velocity layer velocity in either the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model. This represents the low-velocity layer velocity of either the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model. Indicates the thickness of the low-velocity layer at the shot point location. The thickness of the low-velocity layer indicates the location of the detector point;

[0236] S43. Perform low-frequency static correction on the shear wave seismic data obtained in step S41 using the low-frequency static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field obtained in step S42.

[0237] S5. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. Obtain converted wave seismic data by using the acquisition method of P-wave source excitation and S-wave component reception. Perform low-frequency static correction on the shot data of converted wave seismic data using the low-frequency static correction amount of P-wave wavefield shot point obtained in step S34. Perform low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of converted wave seismic data using the low-frequency static correction amount of S-wave wavefield receiver point obtained in step S42.

[0238] S6. Perform normal time difference correction on the low-frequency statically corrected P-wave, converted-wave, and S-wave seismic data. Calculate the surface consistency residual static correction for the normal time difference corrected P-wave, converted-wave, and S-wave seismic data to obtain the shot point and receiver point residual static corrections for the P-wave, converted-wave, and S-wave wavefields. Specifically, the surface consistency residual static correction for the normal time difference corrected P-wave seismic data is calculated as: the residual static correction for any seismic trace. Represented as,

[0239] ;

[0240] in, For the cannon point, For the detector point number, The common center point number; Indicates the gun point number The remaining static correction amount, Indicates the detector point number The remaining static correction amount; For the construct, it means the first term. The residual time difference caused by the structural fluctuations at the location of the common center point;

[0241] Residual static correction for any seismic trace Perform residual time difference decomposition and establish a system of linear equations based on the criterion of minimizing the squared error. The residual static correction for any seismic trace is known to be... The residual static correction amount calculated in each iteration is: Establish the objective function Solve the objective function The minimum error squared solution,

[0242] ;

[0243] Take the following partial derivatives,

[0244] , , ;

[0245] An iterative algorithm is used to solve the system of equations to obtain the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location ;

[0246] The residual static correction for surface consistency in converted wave seismic data after normal time difference correction is calculated using the same method as that used for calculating the residual static correction for surface consistency in P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, thus obtaining the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location ;

[0247] The residual static correction for surface consistency in S-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction is calculated using the same method as that used for calculating the residual static correction for surface consistency in P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, thus obtaining the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location .

[0248] S7. Based on the low-frequency static corrections for the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field obtained in step S3, the low-frequency static corrections for the shot and receiver points of the S-wave field obtained in step S4, and the remaining static corrections for the shot and receiver points of the P-wave, converted wave, and S-wave fields obtained in step S6, calculate the total static correction for the shot and receiver points of the P-wave, converted wave, and S-wave fields. The total static correction for the receiver points of the P-wave field is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the total static correction at the shot point in the longitudinal wave field is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the total static correction at the receiver point of the shear wave field is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the total static correction at the shot point in the shear wave field is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the total static correction at the receiver point of the converted wave field is the same as that at the receiver point of the transverse wave field, and the total static correction at the shot point of the converted wave field is the same as that at the shot point of the longitudinal wave field.

[0249] Calculate the total static correction for the P-wave field at the shot and receiver points:

[0250] ;

[0251] ;

[0252] in, This is the total static correction for the P-wave field at the shot point. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the P-wave field shot point. This is the residual static correction amount at the shot point in the longitudinal wave field;

[0253] This is the total static correction at the receiver point for the P-wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the receiver point of the P-wave field. This is the residual static correction at the receiver point for the longitudinal wave field;

[0254] Calculate the total static correction for the converted wave field at the shot and receiver points:

[0255] ;

[0256] ;

[0257] in, For the total static correction of the shot point in the converted wave field, This is the low-frequency static correction value for the P-wave field shot point. This is the residual static correction amount at the shot point of the converted wave field;

[0258] The total static correction at the receiver point for the converted wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the transverse wave field detector point. This is the residual static correction amount at the detector point of the converted wave field;

[0259] Calculate the total static correction for the shear wave field at the shot and receiver points:

[0260] ;

[0261] ;

[0262] in, This is the total static correction for the shear wave field at the shot point. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the shear wave field shot point. This is the remaining static correction amount at the shot point in the transverse wave field;

[0263] This is the total static correction at the receiver point for the shear wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the transverse wave field detector point. This is the residual static correction at the receiver point for the transverse wave field.

[0264] Example 2: A static correction device, equipment, and medium for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data.

[0265] A static correction device for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, it includes:

[0266] The P-wave micrologging surface velocity model construction module is used to conduct P-wave micrologging surface surveys in seismic field areas, interpret the velocity of P-wave micrologging data, and establish a P-wave micrologging surface velocity model.

[0267] The three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model construction module is used to conduct three-component micrologging surface surveys in seismic field areas, interpret the velocity of three-component micrologging data, and establish a three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model.

[0268] The low-frequency static correction module for P-wave seismic data is used to conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. It performs first arrival picking on the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration, uses the established P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model as a constraint, and adopts tomographic inversion technology based on P-wave first arrival travel time information to establish a near-surface P-wave velocity model. It calculates the low-frequency static correction of the P-wave wave field at the shot point and receiver point, and performs low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the P-wave wave field at the shot point and receiver point.

[0269] The low-frequency static correction module for shear wave seismic data is used for elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. When the source type is synchronous excitation of a P-wave source and a S-wave source, it performs first arrival picking on the shear wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the established three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model as a constraint, it employs tomographic inversion technology based on shear wave first arrival travel time information to establish the first near-surface shear wave velocity model and calculate the low-frequency static correction for the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field. When the source type is excitation of a single P-wave source, it uses trace spacing and height... The density-receiving acquisition method optimizes the shot-receiver distance of the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration to obtain Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with obvious linear characteristics. Then, with the established three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model as a constraint, the second near-surface shear wave velocity model with low-velocity zone layered structure characteristics is established by inversion based on the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion characteristic curve. The low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field is calculated, and the low-frequency static correction of the shear wave seismic data is performed on the shear wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field.

[0270] The low-frequency static correction module for converted wave seismic data is used to conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. It acquires converted wave seismic data by using a P-wave source to excite and a S-wave component to receive the data. The module performs low-frequency static correction on the shot data of the converted wave seismic data by using the low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of the converted wave seismic data by using the low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of the S-wave field.

[0271] The residual static correction calculation module is used to perform normal time difference correction on the low-frequency statically corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, calculate the surface consistency residual static correction of the normal time difference corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, and obtain the shot point and receiver point residual static correction of the P-wave wavefield, converted wave field and S-wave wavefield.

[0272] The total static correction calculation module is used to calculate the total static correction of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field, the converted wave field, and the S-wave field based on the low-frequency static corrections of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field and the S-wave field, as well as the remaining static corrections of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field, the converted wave field, and the S-wave field.

[0273] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of Embodiment 1.

[0274] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of Embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Conduct surface surveys of P-wave micrologging data in seismic field work areas, interpret the velocity of P-wave micrologging data, and establish a surface velocity model of P-wave micrologging data. S2. Conduct surface surveys of three-component micrologging in seismic work areas, interpret the velocity of three-component micrologging data, and establish a three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model. S3. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area, pick the first arrival of the P-wave seismic data obtained from the elastic wave vector seismic exploration, use the surface velocity model of P-wave micro-logging established in step S1 as a constraint, adopt the tomographic inversion technique based on the first arrival travel time information of P-wave to establish a near-surface P-wave velocity model, calculate the low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave wave field, and perform low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data through the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave wave field. S4. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. When the source type is synchronous excitation of P-wave and S-wave sources, first arrival picking is performed on the S-wave seismic data obtained from the elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the three-component micro-logging S-wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, the first near-surface S-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on S-wave first arrival travel time information, and the low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the S-wave wavefield is calculated. When the source type is excitation of a single P-wave source, a small channel spacing and high-density reception acquisition method is adopted. In step S3, the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration are optimized by selecting the shot-receiver distance to obtain Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with obvious linear characteristics. Then, using the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, the model is inverted based on the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion characteristic curve to establish a second near-surface shear wave velocity model with low-velocity zone layered structure characteristics. The low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field is calculated, and the low-frequency static correction of the shear wave seismic data is performed on the shear wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field. S5. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area. Obtain converted wave seismic data by using the acquisition method of P-wave source excitation and S-wave component reception. Perform low-frequency static correction on the shot data of converted wave seismic data using the low-frequency static correction amount of P-wave wavefield shot point obtained in step S3. Perform low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of converted wave seismic data using the low-frequency static correction amount of S-wave wavefield receiver point obtained in step S4. S6. Perform normal time difference correction on the low-frequency statically corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, calculate the surface consistency residual static correction amount of the P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, and obtain the shot point and receiver point residual static correction amount of the P-wave wavefield, converted wave field and S-wave field. S7. Based on the low-frequency static corrections of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field obtained in step S3, the low-frequency static corrections of the shot point and receiver point of the S-wave field obtained in step S4, and the remaining static corrections of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field, converted wave field, and S-wave field obtained in step S6, calculate the total static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field, converted wave field, and S-wave field.

2. The static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for establishing the P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model in step S1 are as follows: S11. Pick up the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wave field at each excitation point in the P-wave micrologging data; S12. For each trigger point's P-wave micrologging data, based on the time-depth curves of the P-wave first arrival time versus depth for different seismic traces, establish a discrete point model of the P-wave layer velocity at the trigger point, as follows: ； in, For longitudinal waves The depth of the strata, For longitudinal waves The depth of the strata, For longitudinal waves The initial arrival time of the layer, For longitudinal waves The initial arrival time of +1 floor, For the first Longitudinal wave velocity of the layer; S13. Based on steps S11 and S12, obtain the discrete point model of P-wave layer velocity at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, and then perform three-dimensional spatial uniform sampling interpolation to obtain a three-dimensional spatial uniform sampling surface velocity model of P-wave micro-logging in the entire work area.

3. The static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps in step S2 for establishing the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model are as follows: S21. Pick up the first arrival travel time information of the seismic wave field of the shear wave component at each excitation point in the three-component micro-logging data; S22. For the shear wave component micrologging data at each excitation point, based on the time-depth curves of the shear wave first arrival time versus depth for different seismic traces, a discrete point model of the shear wave layer velocity at the excitation point is established as follows: ； in, For transverse waves The depth of the strata, For transverse waves The depth of the strata, For transverse waves The initial arrival time of the layer, For transverse waves The initial arrival time of +1 floor, For the first Shear wave velocity of the layer; S23. Based on steps S21 and S22, obtain the discrete point model of the shear wave velocity of all excitation points in the field seismic work area, and then perform three-dimensional space uniform sampling interpolation to obtain a three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model with uniform three-dimensional space sampling throughout the entire work area.

4. The static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 is as follows: S31. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area, obtain P-wave seismic data by using the acquisition method of P-wave source excitation and P-wave component reception, and pick up the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield at each excitation point. S32. Obtain the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic field at all excitation points in the field seismic work area according to step S31. S33. Using the P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model established in step S1 as a constraint, and utilizing the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, a near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on the first arrival travel time information of the P-wave. The first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield and the slowness of the P-wave in the formation grid satisfy the following relationship: ； in, It is the longitudinal wave. The initial arrival time of the ray from the excitation point S to the receiving point R, This is the first longitudinal wave ray in the work area. The distance traveled within the layers, It is the longitudinal wave in the first The slowness of the layer; The relationship between P-wave slowness and P-wave velocity is: ； in, It is the first Longitudinal wave velocity of the layer; The first arrival travel time information of the P-wave seismic wavefield and the slowness formula of the P-wave in the stratigraphic grid can be simplified as follows: ； in, Here is the first arrival travel time matrix of the P-wave. For the longitudinal wave ray matrix, This is the longitudinal wave slowness matrix; A near-surface P-wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion techniques based on P-wave first arrival travel time information, specifically as follows: Establish the objective function : ； in, The initial slowness matrix of the P-wave is obtained from the surface velocity model of the P-wave micro-logging established in step S1. This represents the perturbation amount of the longitudinal wave slowness matrix. This is the actual observed first arrival travel time matrix of the P-wave. For the first The error between the longitudinal wave ray tracing travel time and the actual observed travel time after the next iteration; The objective function is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The specific calculation method is as follows: For the In the next iteration, a perturbation is randomly generated. This forms a new state for the objective function, and the perturbation is calculated. Cause the objective function Change ;if If the energy decreases, the disturbance is accepted; if That is, if the energy increases, the probability that the disturbance will be accepted is: ； in, For the first Absolute temperature during the next iteration calculation; No. After the first iteration, if the perturbation is accepted, the parameter values ​​of the objective function are modified; otherwise, the original parameter values ​​of the objective function are used, and the iteration continues in this manner until the [number]th iteration is reached. If the objective function reaches the convergence condition at this point, the loop terminates, the current optimal solution is output, and the calculation ends. At this point, the optimal solution for the P-wave slowness matrix is ​​obtained. The expression is: ； in, For the first The perturbation amount of the P-wave slowness matrix during the next iteration calculation; The final inversion model of near-surface P-wave velocity for: ； S34. Based on the near-surface P-wave velocity model Calculate the low-frequency static correction values ​​at the shot point and receiver point of the longitudinal wave field; The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the shot point of the P-wave field is as follows: ； The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point of the P-wave field is as follows: ； in, This represents the low-frequency static correction at the shot point for the longitudinal wave field. This represents the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point for the longitudinal wave field. This represents the static correction reference plane for the shot point. Indicates the static correction reference plane of the detector point. Indicates the surface elevation of the firing point. Indicates the surface elevation of the receiver point. This represents the velocity of the high-velocity layer in the near-surface P-wave velocity model. This represents the low-velocity layer velocity in the near-surface P-wave velocity model. Indicates the thickness of the low-velocity layer at the shot point location. The thickness of the low-velocity layer indicates the location of the detector point; S35. Perform low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data obtained in step S31 using the low-frequency static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point of the P-wave field obtained in step S34.

5. The static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 is as follows: S41. Conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in the field seismic work area; When the source type is synchronous excitation of P-wave source and S-wave source, the acquisition method of S-wave source excitation and S-wave component reception is used to obtain S-wave seismic data and pick up the first arrival travel time information of the S-wave seismic wavefield at each excitation point. Based on the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic wavefields at all excitation points in the field seismic work area; Using the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2 as a constraint, and utilizing the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field at all excitation points in the field seismic work area, a first near-surface shear wave velocity model is established using tomographic inversion technology based on the first arrival travel time information of the shear wave. The first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field and the slowness of the shear wave in the formation grid satisfy the following relationship: ； in, It is the transverse wave. The initial arrival time of the ray from the excitation point S to the receiving point R, This is the first transverse wave ray in the work area. The distance traveled within the layers, It is a transverse wave in the first... The slowness of the layer; The relationship between shear wave slowness and shear wave velocity is: ； in, It is the first Shear wave velocity of the layer; The first arrival travel time information of the shear wave seismic field and the slowness formula of the shear wave in the stratigraphic grid can be simplified as follows: ； in, Here is the first arrival travel time matrix for the transverse wave. For transverse wave ray matrix, This is the transverse wave slowness matrix; A tomographic inversion technique based on shear wave first arrival travel time information was used to establish the first near-surface shear wave velocity model, specifically: Establish the objective function : ； in, The initial slowness matrix of the shear wave is obtained from the three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step S2. This represents the perturbation amount of the transverse wave slowness matrix. This is the actual observed first arrival travel time matrix of the shear wave. For the first The error between the transverse wave ray tracing travel time and the actual observed travel time after the next iteration; The objective function is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The specific calculation method is as follows: For the In the next iteration, a perturbation is randomly generated. This forms a new state for the objective function, and the perturbation is calculated. Cause the objective function Change ;if If the energy decreases, the disturbance is accepted; if That is, if the energy increases, the probability that the disturbance will be accepted is: ； in, For the first Absolute temperature during the next iteration calculation; No. After the first iteration, if the perturbation is accepted, the parameter values ​​of the objective function are modified; otherwise, the original parameter values ​​of the objective function are used, and the iteration continues in this manner until the [number]th iteration is reached. If the objective function reaches the convergence condition at this point, the loop terminates, the current optimal solution is output, and the calculation ends. At this point, the optimal solution for the transverse wave slowness matrix is ​​obtained. The expression is: ； in, For the first The perturbation amount of the transverse wave slowness matrix during the next iteration calculation; The first near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained by final inversion for: ； When the seismic source is a single P-wave source, a small-interval, high-density receiver acquisition method is used to optimize the shot-receiver offset of the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration. This yields Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with clear linear characteristics. The Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve is inverted using the damped least squares method, and a second near-surface shear wave velocity model is established. The objective function is... for: ； in, The Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve is observed in practice. The three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model established in step 2 is as follows: This represents the perturbation amount in the second near-surface shear wave velocity model. For the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curve calculated by forward modeling, This represents the number of inverted data points. objective function The damped least squares solution is: ； in, for Jacobian matrix, for The transpose of the matrix, The damping factor, It is the identity matrix; The second near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained by final inversion for: ； S42. Based on the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model obtained in step S41, calculate the low-frequency static correction for the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field; the formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction for the shot point of the shear wave field is as follows: ； The formula for calculating the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point of the transverse wave field is as follows: ； in, This represents the low-frequency static correction at the shot point for the transverse wave field. This represents the low-frequency static correction at the receiver point for the transverse wave field. This represents the static correction reference plane for the shot point. Indicates the static correction reference plane of the detector point. Indicates the surface elevation of the firing point. Indicates the surface elevation of the receiver point. This represents the high-velocity layer velocity in either the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model. This represents the low-velocity layer velocity of either the first or second near-surface shear wave velocity model. Indicates the thickness of the low-velocity layer at the shot point location. The thickness of the low-velocity layer indicates the location of the detector point; S43. Perform low-frequency static correction on the shear wave seismic data obtained in step S41 using the low-frequency static correction values ​​of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field obtained in step S42.

6. The static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the calculation of the surface consistency residual static correction for the P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction specifically involves: the residual static correction for any seismic trace. Represented as, ； in, For the cannon point, For the detector point number, The common center point number; Indicates the gun point number The remaining static correction amount, Indicates the detector point number The remaining static correction amount; For the construct, it means the first term. The residual time difference caused by the structural fluctuations at the location of the common center point; Residual static correction for any seismic trace Perform residual time difference decomposition and establish a system of linear equations based on the criterion of minimizing the squared error. The residual static correction for any seismic trace is known to be... The residual static correction amount calculated in each iteration is: Establish the objective function Solve the objective function The minimum error squared solution, ； Take the following partial derivatives, ， ， ； An iterative algorithm is used to solve the system of equations to obtain the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location ; The residual static correction for surface consistency in converted wave seismic data after normal time difference correction is calculated using the same method as that used for calculating the residual static correction for surface consistency in P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, thus obtaining the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location ; The residual static correction for surface consistency in S-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction is calculated using the same method as that used for calculating the residual static correction for surface consistency in P-wave seismic data after normal time difference correction, thus obtaining the residual static correction at any shot point location. Residual static correction at any receiver location .

7. The static correction method for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the total static correction for the P-wave field at the shot point and receiver point is calculated: ； ； in, This is the total static correction for the P-wave field at the shot point. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the P-wave field shot point. This is the residual static correction amount at the shot point in the longitudinal wave field; This is the total static correction at the receiver point for the P-wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the receiver point of the P-wave field. This is the residual static correction at the receiver point for the longitudinal wave field; Calculate the total static correction for the converted wave field at the shot and receiver points: ； ； in, For the total static correction of the shot point in the converted wave field, This is the low-frequency static correction value for the P-wave field shot point. This is the residual static correction amount at the shot point of the converted wave field; The total static correction at the receiver point for the converted wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the transverse wave field detector point. This is the residual static correction amount at the detector point of the converted wave field; Calculate the total static correction for the shear wave field at the shot and receiver points: ； ； in, This is the total static correction for the shear wave field at the shot point. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the shear wave field shot point. This is the remaining static correction amount at the shot point in the transverse wave field; This is the total static correction at the receiver point for the shear wave field. This is the low-frequency static correction value for the transverse wave field detector point. This is the residual static correction at the receiver point for the transverse wave field.

8. A static correction device for elastic wave vector seismic exploration data, characterized in that, include: The P-wave micrologging surface velocity model construction module is used to conduct P-wave micrologging surface surveys in seismic field areas, interpret the velocity of P-wave micrologging data, and establish a P-wave micrologging surface velocity model. The three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model construction module is used to conduct three-component micrologging surface surveys in seismic field areas, interpret the velocity of three-component micrologging data, and establish a three-component micrologging shear wave surface velocity model. The low-frequency static correction module for P-wave seismic data is used to conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. It performs first arrival picking on the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration, uses the established P-wave micro-logging surface velocity model as a constraint, and adopts tomographic inversion technology based on P-wave first arrival travel time information to establish a near-surface P-wave velocity model. It calculates the low-frequency static correction of the P-wave wave field at the shot point and receiver point, and performs low-frequency static correction on the P-wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the P-wave wave field at the shot point and receiver point. The low-frequency static correction module for shear wave seismic data is used for elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. When the source type is synchronous excitation of a P-wave source and a S-wave source, it performs first arrival picking on the shear wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration. Using the established three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model as a constraint, it employs tomographic inversion technology based on shear wave first arrival travel time information to establish the first near-surface shear wave velocity model and calculate the low-frequency static correction for the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field. When the source type is excitation of a single P-wave source, it uses trace spacing and height... The density-receiving acquisition method optimizes the shot-receiver distance of the P-wave seismic data obtained from elastic wave vector seismic exploration to obtain Rayleigh surface wave seismic data with obvious linear characteristics. Then, with the established three-component micro-logging shear wave surface velocity model as a constraint, the second near-surface shear wave velocity model with low-velocity zone layered structure characteristics is established by inversion based on the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion characteristic curve. The low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field is calculated, and the low-frequency static correction of the shear wave seismic data is performed on the shear wave seismic data using the obtained low-frequency static correction of the shot point and receiver point of the shear wave field. The low-frequency static correction module for converted wave seismic data is used to conduct elastic wave vector seismic exploration in seismic field areas. It acquires converted wave seismic data by using a P-wave source to excite and a S-wave component to receive the data. The module performs low-frequency static correction on the shot data of the converted wave seismic data by using the low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of the converted wave seismic data by using the low-frequency static correction on the receiver data of the S-wave field. The residual static correction calculation module is used to perform normal time difference correction on the low-frequency statically corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, calculate the surface consistency residual static correction of the normal time difference corrected P-wave seismic data, converted wave seismic data and S-wave seismic data, and obtain the shot point and receiver point residual static correction of the P-wave wavefield, converted wave field and S-wave wavefield. The total static correction calculation module is used to calculate the total static correction of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field, the converted wave field, and the S-wave field based on the low-frequency static corrections of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field and the S-wave field, as well as the remaining static corrections of the shot and receiver points of the P-wave field, the converted wave field, and the S-wave field.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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