Optical structure, manufacturing method thereof and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical structure, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device. The optical structure includes an optical element and a light-transmitting protective film. The optical element comprises a first surface and a second surface; the light-transmitting protective film is located between the optical element and air and is in contact with the optical element. The optical element comprises a lens structure, a transflective film, a reflective polarizing film and a phase delay film, the lens structure comprises a first lens surface and a second lens surface, and the first surface and the second surface comprise at least one of the surface of the transflective film, the surface of the phase delay film, the surface of the reflective polarizing film, the first lens surface and the second lens surface; the light-transmitting protective film comprises a first structure and a second structure, the second structure makes contact with air, the first structure makes contact with the optical element, the compactness of the first structure is larger than that of the second structure, the second structure comprises a plurality of microstructures, and the pitch of the microstructures is not larger than the working wavelength of the optical element. And the light-transmitting protective film has the effects of isolating external water and oxygen and reducing reflection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an optical structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Optical components, such as optical lens groups, optical waveguides, and prisms, may include multiple components such as micro-nano structures, optical resins, optical films, optical adhesives, optical coatings, and various organic polymers, organic small molecules, metals, inorganic non-metals, and other materials to meet specific and complex optical needs. In optical components, the high water absorption of certain optical resins (such as polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA), the fogging or degumming of certain optical adhesives or resins when encountering water vapor, and the characteristics of outgassing and forming bubbles when encountering high temperature and high humidity, or the corrosion of metal materials in certain coating materials and small molecule materials in film materials when encountering water vapor and oxygen are closely related to water vapor and oxygen in the external environment. Therefore, an important way to improve the reliability of optical components includes isolating them from the external water and oxygen environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides an optical structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device.

[0004] The present disclosure provides an optical structure, comprising an optical element and a light-transmitting protective film. The optical element comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; the light-transmitting protective film is located between the optical element and air, and the light-transmitting protective film is in contact with at least one of the first surface and the second surface. The optical element includes a lens structure and a transflective film, a reflective polarizing film and a phase delay film arranged on the lens structure. The lens structure includes a first lens surface and a second lens surface respectively located on the light incident side and the light exit side thereof, at least one of the first lens surface and the second lens surface is a curved surface, the reflective polarizing film and the phase delay film are both located on the side of the transflective film facing the second lens surface, the first surface and the second surface include the surface of the transflective film, the surface of the phase delay film, the surface of the reflective polarizing film, at least one of the first lens surface and the second lens surface; the light-transmitting protective film includes a first structure and a second structure arranged in a stacked manner, the second structure is in contact with the air, the first structure is in contact with the optical element, the density of the first structure is greater than the density of the second structure, and the second structure includes a plurality of microstructures, at least some of the microstructures have a pitch of a characteristic size in a direction parallel to the surface of the first structure in contact with the optical element, and the characteristic size is not greater than the working wavelength of the optical element.

[0005] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water vapor permeability of the first structure is ≤1g·mm / (m 2 ·24h).

[0006] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the characteristic size of the second structure is 10 to 300 nanometers.

[0007] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the average thickness of the light-transmitting protective film is 50 nanometers to 10 micrometers.

[0008] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the average thickness of the second structure is 20 to 300 nanometers.

[0009] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index of the first structure is greater than the equivalent refractive index of the second structure, the refractive index of the first structure is 1.4-2.5, and along the arrangement direction from the first structure to the second structure, the equivalent refractive index of the second structure gradually decreases.

[0010] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimension of each microstructure in a direction parallel to the surface of the first structure in contact with the optical element is a cross-sectional dimension, and along the arrangement direction, the cross-sectional dimension of at least part of the microstructure gradually decreases.

[0011] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of at least a portion of the microstructure includes a frustum or a cone.

[0012] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the light-transmitting protective film includes one or more of polyparaxylene and its various substituted derivatives, hexamethyldisiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, acrylic acid, and fluorosilane.

[0013] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second structure in the light-transmitting protective film is configured to have a reflectivity of less than 0.2% to visible light.

[0014] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-transmitting protective film completely surrounds the optical element.

[0015] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first structure and the second structure are integrated into one structure.

[0016] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical structure further includes: a linear polarization film, which is located on a side of the reflective polarization film away from the transflective film.

[0017] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface includes the linear polarization film.

[0018] The present disclosure provides a display device, comprising a display screen and the above-mentioned optical structure, wherein the optical structure is located on a display side of the display screen, and the second surface is located on a side of the first surface away from the display screen.

[0019] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing the above optical structure, comprising: forming the multiple microstructures in the light-transmitting protective film by using a plasma etching method.

[0020] In the optical structure provided by the present disclosure, a light-transmitting protective film is provided on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of an optical element including a lens structure, a transflective film, a reflective polarizing film and a phase delay film, and the second structure where the light-transmitting protective film contacts the air includes a microstructure with a characteristic size not greater than the working wavelength, so that the optical element that is sensitive to the environment is isolated from external water and oxygen by the light-transmitting protective film, while the optical performance of the optical element will not be deteriorated due to the addition of the light-transmitting protective film, and the light-transmitting protective film has anti-reflection performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure, but are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an optical structure provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Magnified view of area A shown.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of an optical structure provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0028] The features such as "parallel", "perpendicular" and "identical" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure include the features such as "parallel", "perpendicular", "identical" in a strict sense, as well as the cases where "approximately parallel", "approximately perpendicular", "approximately identical" and the like contain certain errors, taking into account the errors associated with the measurement and the measurement of specific quantities (for example, the limitations of the measurement system), and are expressed as within the acceptable deviation range for a specific value determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 10% or 5% of the value. When the number of a component is not specifically indicated below in the embodiments of the present disclosure, it means that the component can be one or more, or can be understood as at least one. "At least one" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to at least two.

[0029] Generally, the method of isolating components exposed to air from water and oxygen includes forming a conformal coating on the surface of the component, such as coating or plating at least one dense coating / plating layer on the surface of the component to block external water and oxygen. At present, conformal coatings are used to waterproof the outer surfaces of circuit boards, chips, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), magnetic cores, sensors, optical fibers or mobile phones in the electronics industry. For example, conformal coatings may include coatings such as polyparaxylene (Parylene), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorosilanes, etc., which are plated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), or coatings such as acrylic acid, polyurethane, and silicone conformal coatings, which are coated by solution method.

[0030] An optical element used in the field of virtual reality (VR) includes a structure with a short-focus folded optical path (pancake), such as multiple lenses made of optical resin, organic and inorganic optical coatings and platings coated on the surface of the lenses, polymer film materials attached to the surface of the lenses through optical adhesive films (OCA) or pressure-sensitive optical adhesives (PSA), such as reflective polarizing films, phase retardation films, liquid crystal compensation films, linear polarizing films, anti-reflection films, etc., and optical adhesive resin (OCR) used to glue multiple lenses.

[0031] There are various methods for isolating the optical element from a water and oxygen environment. However, for the above-mentioned optical element with a pancake structure, which needs to face the human eye and the display screen at the same time, there will be air around the optical element, and it cannot be completely sealed in the encapsulation mechanism. Moreover, for the above-mentioned precision optical element with a pancake structure, if the above-mentioned coating is directly plated on the optical surface, the coating generally will significantly change the optical performance of the optical element; even if the above-mentioned coating is plated first and then the anti-reflection film is plated, since there is still a sudden optical interface between the traditional anti-reflection film and the coating, the original optical performance of the optical element still cannot be maintained.

[0032] In the research, the inventors of the present application found that: the anti-reflection effect of the traditional anti-reflection coating with multiple film layers is limited. Especially on resin lenses and polymers commonly used in protective coatings, the number and materials of the anti-reflection coatings are restricted, and they cannot offset the interference of the newly added surface of the protective coating on the performance of the optical element. For the above-mentioned optical element with a pancake structure, or an optical element including a multi-piece lens group, if a protective coating is added and the original optical performance is to be maintained, the requirement for the anti-reflection effect on its surface is very high. Currently, the anti-reflection methods that may meet this high requirement include: structural anti-reflection methods and moth-eye anti-reflection methods. The structural anti-reflection method includes sub-wavelength structure coating (SWC). First, a film layer of hydrolyzable material, such as aluminum oxide, can be deposited on the optical element by atomic layer deposition (ALD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). Then, the optical element deposited with the above-mentioned film layer is put into water or related solvents to hydrolyze the film layer into a loose and porous structure, so that the film layer becomes a film layer with a suitable low refractive index or gradient refractive index, achieving a better anti-reflection effect. This structural anti-reflection method has been able to achieve mass production, but the yield, production capacity, and cost are extremely limited, and because of the hydrolysis process, it may corrode the optical element, which conflicts with the technical problems to be solved in the present application. The moth-eye anti-reflection method can use roll-to-roll nanoimprinting to first form an anti-reflection structure on a transparent plastic foil, and then attach the plastic foil to the surface of the lens. However, this method is not suitable for the anti-reflection requirements of the lens surface with a large curvature, and it may bring new reliability risks while having a high cost.

[0033] Therefore, it is very difficult for the above two anti-reflection methods to remedy the deterioration of the optical performance after adding a conformal coating with a protective effect to the optical element with a pancake structure.

[0034] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an optical structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. The optical structure includes an optical element and a light-transmitting protective film. The optical element includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; the light-transmitting protective film is located between the optical element and the air, and the light-transmitting protective film is in contact with at least one of the first surface and the second surface. The optical element includes a lens structure and a transflective film, a reflective polarizing film and a phase delay film arranged on the lens structure. The lens structure includes a first lens surface and a second lens surface respectively located on the light incident side and the light exit side thereof, at least one of the first lens surface and the second lens surface is a curved surface, the reflective polarizing film and the phase delay film are both located on the side of the transflective film facing the second lens surface, the first surface and the second surface include the surface of the transflective film, the surface of the phase delay film, the surface of the reflective polarizing film, the first lens surface and at least one of the second lens surface; the light-transmitting protective film includes a first structure and a second structure arranged in a stacked manner, the second structure is in contact with the air, the first structure is in contact with the optical element, the density of the first structure is greater than the density of the second structure, the second structure includes a plurality of microstructures, at least some of the microstructures have a pitch of a characteristic size in a direction parallel to the surface of the first structure in contact with the optical element, and the characteristic size is not greater than the working wavelength of the optical element.

[0035] In the optical structure provided by the present disclosure, a light-transmitting protective film is provided on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of an optical element including a lens structure, a transflective film, a reflective polarizing film and a phase delay film, and the second structure where the light-transmitting protective film contacts the air includes a microstructure with a characteristic size not greater than the working wavelength, so that the optical element that is sensitive to the environment is isolated from external water and oxygen by the light-transmitting protective film, while the optical performance of the optical element will not be deteriorated due to the addition of the light-transmitting protective film, and the light-transmitting protective film has anti-reflection performance.

[0036] The optical structure and its manufacturing method, and the display device provided by the present disclosure are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an optical structure provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Magnified view of area A shown.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical structure includes an optical element 10 and a light-transmitting protective film 20. The optical element 10 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 that are arranged opposite to each other, and the light-transmitting protective film 20 is located between the optical element 10 and the air, and the light-transmitting protective film 20 is in contact with at least one of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. For example, the light-transmitting protective film 20 is configured to protect at least a portion of the structure of the optical element 10. For example, the surface of the light-transmitting protective film 20 away from the optical element 10 can be in contact with the air.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical element 10 includes a lens structure 100 and a transflective film 200, a reflective polarizing film 300 and a phase delay film 400 arranged on the lens structure 100. The lens structure 100 includes a first lens surface 111 and a second lens surface 112 located at its light incident side and light emitting side respectively, and at least one of the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 is a curved surface.

[0040] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 are two oppositely arranged surfaces located at the outermost sides of the lens structure 100. For example, the lens structure 100 may include at least one lens, such as a lens, and the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 may be two surfaces of the same lens, or may be surfaces of different lenses. For example, the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 may both be curved surfaces, such as the first lens surface 111 may be a convex surface, and the second lens surface 112 may be a concave surface, but it is not limited thereto, and only one of the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 may be a curved surface. For example, at least one of the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 may be a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, or a free-form surface. For example, the radius of curvature of at least one of the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112 may be no greater than 20 mm.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the reflective polarizing film 300 and the phase delay film 400 are both located on the side of the transflective film 200 facing the second lens surface 112. For example, the reflective polarizing film 300 is located on the side of the phase delay film 400 away from the transflective film 200. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the reflective polarizing film 300 can be set according to different materials to set its relative position relationship with the phase delay film 400.

[0042] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the optical structure further includes a linear polarizing film 500 located on a side of the reflective polarizing film 300 away from the transflective film 200 .

[0043] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the lens structure 100 includes three lenses, such as the lens structure 100 includes a direction parallel to the optical axis OA of the lens structure 100 (such as Figure 1The lens 101, the lens 102 and the lens 103 are sequentially arranged in the X direction (in the X direction in the image), the surface of the lens 101 away from the lens 102 may be the first lens surface 111, the surface of the lens 103 away from the lens 102 may be the second lens surface 112, and the adjacent lenses are glued together by optical transparent adhesive (OCR). For example, the first lens surface 111 may be a convex surface, the lens surface of the lens 101 facing the lens 102 may be a concave surface, and the lens surface of the lens 102 facing the lens 101 may be a convex surface, and the surface shapes of these two lens surfaces are basically the same; the lens surface of the lens 102 away from the lens 101 may be a plane, and the lens surface of the lens 103 facing the lens 102 may be a plane; the second lens surface 112 may be a concave surface. For example, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the optical element 10 are arranged in a direction parallel to the optical axis OA.

[0044] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the transflective film 200 can be called a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, which is plated on the surface of the lens 102 facing the lens 101. For example, the phase retardation film 400 can be bonded between the lens 102 and the lens 103, such as a liquid crystal compensation film can also be provided between the lens 102 and the lens 103, such as the phase retardation film 400 and the liquid crystal compensation film are bonded between the lens 102 and the lens 103 through a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). For example, the reflective polarizing film 300 and the linear polarizing film 500 are bonded to the second lens surface 112 of the lens 103 away from the lens 102, such as the reflective polarizing film 300 is bonded to the second lens surface 112 through an optical adhesive (OCA).

[0045] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the lens structure 100 includes a plurality of zero phase difference lenses, such as lens 101, lens 102 and lens 103, which are zero phase difference lenses, such as using acrylic material (PMMA).

[0046] For example, Figure 1As shown, the transflective film 200 is configured to transmit part of the light and reflect another part of the light. For example, the transflective film 200 may include at least one film layer, such as each film layer may have a thickness of 10 to 200 nanometers. For example, the transmittance of the transflective film 200 may be 50%, and the reflectivity may be 50%. For example, the transmittance of the transflective film 200 may be 60%, and the reflectivity may be 40%. For example, the transmittance of the transflective film 200 may be 65%, and the reflectivity may be 35%. The optical structure provided by the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the transmittance and reflectivity of the transflective film 200 may be set according to product requirements. For example, the transflective film 200 may be first coated with a polysiloxane primer on the convex surface of the lens 102 by spin coating or intrusion coating, and then coated with a metal transflective film 200 by ion-assisted evaporation coating. For example, the transflective film 200 includes a metal layer and at least one non-metal layer stacked. For example, the number of layers of at least one non-metal layer is multiple, and they are respectively located on both sides of the metal layer. For example, the transflective film 200 may include titanium dioxide (TiO2), silver (Ag), titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) stacked in sequence. For example, the thicknesses of the titanium dioxide, silver, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide stacked in sequence may be 29.7 nanometers, 18.2 nanometers, 1.5 nanometers, 16.1 nanometers and 68.6 nanometers, respectively.

[0047] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the reflective polarizing film 300 may be a polarized reflective film, and the reflective polarizing film 300 is configured to reflect linear polarized light of one characteristic and transmit linear polarized light of another characteristic.

[0048] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the functions of the reflective polarizing film 300 are as follows: there is a light transmission axis direction in the plane of the film layer, the transmittance of the polarization component of the incident light parallel to the light transmission axis direction (such as s-polarized light) is greater than the transmittance of the polarization component perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction (such as p-polarized light), and the reflectivity of the polarization component parallel to the light transmission axis direction (such as s-polarized light) is less than the reflectivity of the polarization component perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction (such as p-polarized light). For example, the reflective polarizing film 300 can also be called a polarization beam splitter film. For example, the transmittance of polarized light parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the reflective polarizing film 300 is not less than 85%, such as not less than 90%, such as not less than 95%, such as not less than 98%; the reflectivity of polarized light perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction of the reflective polarizing film 300 is not less than 85%, such as not less than 90%, such as not less than 95%, such as not less than 98%. For example, the reflective polarizing film 300 can include a multilayer reflective polarizing film, a metal wire grid polarizer (WGF), etc.

[0049] For example, Figure 1As shown, the phase delay film 400 is configured to enable the transmitted light to achieve conversion between a circular polarization state and a linear polarization state. For example, the phase delay film 400 can be a 1 / 4 wave plate. For example, the material of the phase delay film 400 can include a liquid crystal polymer or a polycarbonate. For example, the phase delay film 400 has the following characteristics: there is a direction with the lowest refractive index and a direction with the highest refractive index in the plane of the film layer, which are the fast axis and the slow axis respectively, and the phase of the polarized light parallel to the slow axis after passing through the phase delay film 400 is delayed by 1 / 4 wavelength compared with the polarized light parallel to the fast axis after passing through the phase delay film 400.

[0050] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the angle between the slow axis of the phase delay film 400 and the light transmission axis of the reflective polarizing film 300 is 45 degrees.

[0051] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the light transmission axis of the linear polarizing film 500 coincides with the light transmission axis of the reflective polarizing film 300, and the linear polarizing film 500 can be used to further filter other stray light, and only polarized light (such as s-polarized light) passing through the linear polarizing film 500 is allowed to enter the human eye. For example, the linear polarizing film 500 can be called a polarizer, which is composed of a triacetate cellulose (TAC) film and a stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film with iodine molecules added, and is bonded to the reflective polarizing film 300 through PSA.

[0052] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the display screen ( Figure 1 Not shown, combined Figure 4 The display screen 30) can be located on the side of the transflective film 200 away from the phase delay film 400. Light, such as light emitted from the display screen, is configured to be folded back between the transflective film 200 and the reflective polarizing film 300 after entering the lens structure 100 through the transflective film 200, and is emitted from the reflective polarizing film 300 to achieve an ultra-short-focus folded optical path (Pancake). For example, the image light emitted by the display screen 30 passes through the first lens surface 111 on the light-incident side of the lens structure 100 and enters the lens structure 100, and is folded back and emitted from the second lens surface 112 on the light-exiting side of the lens structure 100.

[0053] For example, Figure 1As shown, the principle of the folded optical path is as follows: a wave plate can be provided on the light-emitting side of the display screen 30, and the image light emitted from the display screen 30 is converted into right-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the wave plate. The right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the transflective film 200, and the polarization state of the right-handed circularly polarized light remains unchanged after passing through the transflective film 200. The right-handed circularly polarized light reaches the phase delay film 400, and the right-handed circularly polarized light incident on the phase delay film 400 is converted into p-linear polarized light, and the p-linear polarized light is reflected back to the phase delay film 400 by the reflective polarizing film 300, where the first reflection occurs. Then, the p-linear polarized light is converted into right-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the phase delay film 400, and the right-handed circularly polarized light reaches the transflective film 200 and is reflected at the transflective film 200, where the second reflection occurs. Due to the half-wave loss, the reflected light changes from right-handed circularly polarized light to left-handed circularly polarized light. The left-handed circularly polarized light is converted into s-linearly polarized light by the phase delay film 400, and then the s-linearly polarized light is transmitted through the reflective polarizing film 300 and the linear polarizing film 500 and then emitted to the human eye.

[0054] The folded optical path can change the polarization state of the light propagating between the reflective polarizing film 300 and the transflective film 200, thereby realizing the folding of the light, so that the original focal length of the optical element 10 is folded due to, for example, two reflections added by setting the reflective polarizing film 300, the phase delay film 400 and the transflective film 200, thereby greatly compressing the space required between the human eye and the optical structure, thereby making the optical element 10 smaller and thinner.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the optical element 10 include at least one of the surface of the transflective film 200, the surface of the phase delay film 400, the surface of the reflective polarizing film 300, the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112. For example, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the optical element 10 include at least one of the surface of the transflective film 200, the surface of the phase delay film 400, the surface of the reflective polarizing film 300, the surface of the linear polarizing film 500, the first lens surface 111 and the second lens surface 112. For example, Figure 1 The first surface 11 of the optical element 10 is schematically shown as the first lens surface 111 of the lens structure 100 .

[0056] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second surface 12 of the optical element 10 includes a linear polarizing film 500 .

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the light-transmitting protective film 20 includes a first structure 21 and a second structure 22 arranged in a stacked manner. The second structure 22 is in contact with air, and the first structure 21 is in contact with the optical element 10. The density of the first structure 21 is greater than that of the second structure 22. The second structure 22 includes a plurality of microstructures 221, and the pitch P1 of at least some of the microstructures 221 in the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure 21 in contact with the optical element 10 is the characteristic dimension, and the characteristic dimension is not greater than the working wavelength of the optical element 10.

[0058] When the optical element 10 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is not protected by the light-transmitting protective film 20, the lens structure 100 using PMMA has a high water absorption rate, and when it is in high-temperature and high-humidity conditions, the failure between the lens and the coating in the lens structure 100 will occur due to water absorption; the silver in the above-mentioned transmissive and reflective film 200 is extremely vulnerable to corrosion by the external water and oxygen environment; the PVA in the above-mentioned linear polarizing film 500 is prone to moisture absorption, and the moisture easily interferes with the molecular arrangement therein and the reaction with iodine molecules, resulting in material failure; the above-mentioned OCA, PSA, and OCR may fog up due to condensation after water absorption saturation or generate bubbles due to reasons such as water absorption and gas release under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions.

[0059] In the optical structure provided by the present disclosure, by providing the light-transmitting protective film 20 on at least one of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the optical element 10 including at least the lens structure 100, the transmissive and reflective film 200, the reflective polarizing film 300, and the phase retardation film 400, and the second structure 22 of the light-transmitting protective film 20 in contact with air includes microstructures 221 with a characteristic dimension not greater than the working wavelength, so that while the environmentally sensitive optical element 10 is isolated from external water and oxygen by the light-transmitting protective film 20, the optical performance of the optical element is not affected by the addition of the light-transmitting protective film, and the light-transmitting protective film has an antireflection performance.

[0060] For example, the above-mentioned density refers to the amount of air in a substance. If the air content in the substance is relatively large, the density is relatively low; if the air content in the substance is relatively low, the density is relatively high. For example, the fact that the density of the first structure 21 is greater than that of the second structure 22 may mean that the air content in the first structure 21 is lower than that in the second structure 22.

[0061] For example, as Figure 2 shown, the first structure 21 can be called a continuous dense structure, and the second structure 22 can be called a discontinuous structure. For example, air is provided between adjacent microstructures 221 in the cross-section of the discontinuous structure intercepted by a plane parallel to the first surface 11. By setting the first structure 21 as a continuous dense structure, the barrier properties of the light-transmitting protective film 20 to water vapor and oxygen can be achieved.

[0062] In some examples, as Figure 2As shown, the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the first structure 21 ≤ 1 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the second structure 22 is greater than that of the first structure 21. The above 1 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h) represents the mass of water vapor transmitted through the first structure 21 per unit area and unit thickness under specific conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) within a unit time. For example, for the first structure 21 with an area of 1 square meter and a thickness of 1 millimeter, the amount of water vapor allowed to pass through in 24 hours is no more than 1 gram.

[0063] For example, as Figure 2 shown, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.9 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.8 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.7 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.6 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.5 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.4 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.3 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.2 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.1 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 ≤ 0.09 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h). For example, the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 is 0.08 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h).

[0064] In some examples, as Figure 1As shown, the light-transmissive protective film 20 completely surrounds the optical element 10. For example, the light-transmissive protective film 20 contacts the outer surface at each position of the optical element 10. For example, in addition to the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 opposite to each other, the optical element 10 further includes other surfaces located therebetween, such as the surfaces parallel to the optical axis OA, such as the circumferential profile surfaces of the lens 101, the circumferential profile surfaces of the lens 102, and the circumferential profile surfaces of the lens 103, and the light-transmissive protective film 20 surrounds the above three circumferential profile surfaces. The light-transmissive protective film 20 completely surrounds the optical element 10, which can completely isolate the optical element 10 from external water and oxygen, and prevent the failure of the optical element 10 caused by the absorption of water by the materials of the lens structure 100, silver in the transmissive / reflective film 200, PVA in the linear polarization film 500, OCA, PSA, and OCR.

[0065] For example, Figure 2 A cross-sectional view schematically showing the plurality of microstructures 221 included in the second structure 22. For example, the plurality of microstructures 221 may be arranged in an array along the first surface 11 of the optical element 10. For example, the plurality of microstructures 221 may be arranged at equal intervals, but is not limited thereto, and the interval distance of the microstructures 221 at different positions may also be adjusted according to the imaging area of the optical element 10.

[0066] For example, as Figure 2 As shown, the pitch P1 of the plurality of microstructures 221 in the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure 21 in contact with the optical element 10 is the characteristic dimension. For example, the above pitch P1 may be the distance between the center lines of two adjacent microstructures 221. For example, the above pitch P1 may be the distance between the midpoints of the two adjacent microstructures 221 closest to the bottom surface of the first structure 21 (such as Figure 2 the plane where the dividing line B1 between the first structure 21 and the second structure 22 is located as shown).

[0067] In some examples, as Figure 2 As shown, the characteristic dimension is 10 to 300 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 12 to 280 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 15 to 250 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 20 to 220 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 25 to 200 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 30 to 170 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 35 to 150 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 40 to 120 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 50 to 100 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 55 to 80 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 60 to 70 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 65 to 155 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 45 to 180 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 75 to 160 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 85 to 270 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 110 to 260 nanometers. For example, the characteristic dimension is 120 to 240 nanometers.

[0068] It should be noted that since the above-mentioned feature sizes are small, even if the surface of the first structure 21 in contact with the optical element 10 is a curved surface, the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure 21 in contact with the optical element 10 can still be a straight-line direction, such as Figure 2 the Y direction shown.

[0069] For example, the working wavelength at least includes wavelengths in the visible light band. For example, the working wavelength can include wavelengths in the visible light band and wavelengths in the infrared band. For example, the working wavelength can include wavelengths in the near-infrared band. For example, the working wavelength can be 380 nm to 1050 nm. For example, the working wavelength can be 400 nm to 800 nm.

[0070] In some examples, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the material of the light-transmitting protective film 20 includes one or more of parylene and its various substituted derivatives, hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), acrylics, and fluorosilanes. For example, the material of the light-transmitting protective film 20 includes parylene C, with a thickness of 500 nm, and the water vapor transmission rate of the first structure 21 is 0.08 g·mm / (m 2 ²·24 h). For example, methods such as chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, or wet coating can be used to form the light-transmitting protective film 20 on the optical element 10.

[0071] For example, as Figure 2 shown, the first structure 21 and the second structure 22 can be made of the same material, but not limited thereto. The first structure 21 and the second structure 22 can also be formed of different materials.

[0072] In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the first structure 21 and the second structure 22 are integrally arranged structures. By first forming a light-transmitting material layer on the optical element 10 and then patterning a part of the thickness of the light-transmitting material layer to form the second structure 22 with the microstructure 221.

[0073] In some examples, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the average thickness of the light-transmitting protective film 20 is 50 nm to 10 μm. The average thickness of the light-transmitting protective film 20 can be any value from 50 nm to 10 μm, for example, 70 nm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 100 nm, or 5 μm, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0074] In some examples, as Figure 2As shown, the average thickness of the second structure 22 is 20 to 300 nanometers. The average thickness of the second structure 22 can be any value from 20 nanometers to 300 nanometers. For example, 25 nanometers, 280 nanometers, 30 nanometers, 270 nanometers, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this here.

[0075] For example, as Figure 2 shown, the average thickness of the first structure 21 is greater than that of the second structure 22, which is beneficial for better protection of the optical element 10 against water and oxygen. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this. The average thickness of the first structure 21 can be less than that of the second structure 22.

[0076] For example, as Figure 2 shown, the average thickness of the light-transmitting protective film 20 is 500 nanometers, the average thickness of the second structure 22 is 120 nanometers, and the average thickness of the first structure 21 is 380 nanometers.

[0077] In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the size of each microstructure 221 in the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure 21 in contact with the optical element 10 is the transverse dimension. Along the arrangement direction of the first structure 21 pointing to the second structure 22, the transverse dimensions of at least some of the microstructures 221 gradually decrease. By setting the shape of the microstructures 221, it is beneficial to adjust the effective refractive index of the second structure 22 to be between that of the first structure 21 and air, so as to reduce the reflectivity of the light-transmitting protective film 20 and achieve an antireflection effect that is difficult to achieve with a general antireflection film.

[0078] For example, as Figure 2 shown, in the arrangement direction of the first structure 21 pointing to the second structure 22, the cross-sectional area of each microstructure 221 intercepted by a plane parallel to the first lens surface 111 gradually decreases.

[0079] The above arrangement direction of the first structure 21 pointing to the second structure 22 may include a direction perpendicular to the first lens surface 111, such as the normal direction of the first lens surface 111, such as including a direction parallel to the optical axis of the lens structure 100.

[0080] In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the shape of at least some of the microstructures 221 includes a frustum of a cone or a cone. For example, each of the microstructures 221 has the same shape, such as all being a frustum of a cone or a cone.

[0081] Figure 2Schematically, the shape of the microstructure 221 is a cone. For example, the shape of the cross-section of the microstructure 221 can be a triangle. For example, the triangle can be an isosceles triangle. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. When the shape of the microstructure 221 is a frustum of a cone, the shape of the cross-section of the microstructure 221 can be a trapezoid, such as an isosceles trapezoid. For example, the side of the cross-section of the microstructure can be Figure 2 the straight line shown, or it can be a curve. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0082] In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the refractive index of the first structure 21 is greater than the equivalent refractive index of the second structure 22. The refractive index of the first structure 21 is 1.4 to 2.5. Along the arrangement direction pointing from the first structure 21 to the second structure 22, the equivalent refractive index of the second structure 22 gradually decreases. For example, the equivalent refractive index of the second structure 22 is between 1.1 and 1.4. For example, the equivalent refractive index of the second structure 22 is 1.2 to 1.3.

[0083] When the characteristic size of the microstructure 221 is significantly smaller than the working wavelength of the optical structure, the second structure 22 can be regarded as a mixture of air and the film-forming material of the light-transmitting protective film 20. The equivalent refractive index of the second structure 22 is between the refractive index of the first structure 21 and the refractive index of air.

[0084] In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the second structure 22 in the light-transmitting protective film 20 is configured to have a reflectivity of less than 0.2% for visible light. For example, the second structure 22 is configured to have a reflectivity of less than 0.1% for visible light. For example, the second structure 22 is configured to have a reflectivity of less than 0.05% for visible light.

[0085] For example, when Figure 2 the thickness of the microstructure 221 having a similar conical shape shown takes an infinitesimal value, the following model applies:

[0086] (n2 2 - 1) / [1 + 0.5*(n2 2 - 1)] = p*n1 2 / [1 + 0.5*(n1 2 - 1)].

[0087] The above n2 is the equivalent refractive index of the second structure 22, n1 is the refractive index of the first structure 21, and p is the filling density of the dielectric material in the second structure 22 in the space it occupies. The thickness and p of the second structure 22 can be adjusted by controlling the etching process for forming the second structure 22, so as to adjust n2, and further adjust the reflectivity of the second structure 22 to visible light. For example, the second structure 22 can be made into a broadband antireflection film with an extremely low refractive index. This second structure 22 can not only minimize the influence of the light-transmitting protective film 20 on the optical performance of the optical element 10, but also achieve an antireflection effect that is difficult to achieve with general antireflection coatings.

[0088] For example, the second structure 22 can form a Cassie wetting state. When a water droplet adheres to the surface of the second structure 22 away from the first structure 21, air remains between the microstructures 221 of the second structure 22, making the surface of the transparent protective film form a superhydrophobic state, and the transparent protective film has waterproof characteristics.

[0089] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for preparing Figure 1 and Figure 2 the shown light-transmitting protective film. The method uses plasma etching to form multiple microstructures 221 in the light-transmitting protective film. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this, and this manufacturing method is also applicable to the light-transmitting protective film in the subsequent Figure 3 shown optical structure.

[0090] For example, the plasma types include inductively coupled (ICP) plasma, capacitively coupled (CCP) plasma, bipolar plasma, radio frequency plasma, microwave plasma, etc., and the etching gases can include argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), helium (He), oxygen (O2), hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), hydrogen fluoride (HF), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), carbon hexafluoride (CF6), etc.

[0091] For example, Figure 2 after the shown optical element 10 is formed, a layer of poly(p-chloroxylene) (Parylene C) film with a water vapor transmission rate of 0.08 g·mm / (m 2· At 24 h), the deposition thickness is 500 nm; oxygen is used to etch the surface of the parylene film facing the air to a depth of 120 nm through inductively coupled (ICP) plasma, and a second structure 22 with a microstructure 221 is etched. When the porosity p of the microstructure 221 is 32%, the equivalent refractive index n2 of the second structure 22 is 1.26, and the surface reflectivity of the second structure 22 can be reduced to less than 0.1%. At this time, the thickness of the first structure 21 is about 380 nm, which wraps the optical element 10 and plays a role in blocking water and oxygen, thereby preventing the occurrence of failure phenomena caused by water absorption in the lens structure 100, the transmissive and reflective film 200, the linear polarizing film 500, and the adhesive layer in the optical element 10.

[0092] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical structure provided as another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 The lens structure 100 in the shown optical structure and Figure 1 The lens structure 100 in the shown optical structure are different. Figure 3 The phase retardation film 400, the reflective polarizing film 300, and the linear polarizing film 500 in the shown optical structure may have the same characteristics as Figure 1 The phase retardation film 400, the reflective polarizing film 300, and the linear polarizing film 500 in the shown optical structure, and will not be elaborated here. Figure 3 The light-transmitting protective film 20 in the shown optical structure may have the same morphological characteristics as Figure 2 The light-transmitting protective film 20 shown, such as including a first structure 21 and a second structure 22 arranged in layers, the second structure 22 is in contact with the air, the first structure 21 is in contact with the optical element 10, the density of the first structure 21 is greater than that of the second structure 22, the second structure 22 includes a plurality of microstructures 221, and the pitch of at least some of the microstructures 221 in the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure 21 in contact with the optical element 10 is the characteristic dimension, and the characteristic dimension is not greater than the working wavelength of the optical element 10. The more detailed characteristics of the light-transmitting protective film will not be elaborated here.

[0093] For example, as Figure 3 shown, the lens structure 100 includes a lens 104 and a lens 105. The lens surfaces of the lens 104 facing the lens 105 and the lens 105 facing the lens 104 are both flat, and the surfaces of the lens 104 away from the lens 105 and the lens 105 away from the lens 104 are both convex. For example, an air gap is provided between the lens 104 and the lens 105. For example, the OCA is used to bond the linear polarizing film 500 and the reflective polarizing film 300 to the plane of the lens 105 close to the lens 104, the OCA is used to bond the phase retardation film 400 to the plane of the lens 104 close to the lens 105, and a transmissive and reflective film 200 is deposited on the surface of the lens 104 on the side away from the lens 105.

[0094] For example, as Figure 3 shown, the lens surface of lens 104 away from lens 105 is the first lens surface 111, the lens surface of lens 105 away from lens 104 is the second lens surface 112, the surface of the transmissive-reflective film 200 away from lens 105 is the first surface 11 of the optical element 10, and the second lens surface 112 is the second surface 12 of the optical element 10.

[0095] For example, as Figure 3 shown, both lens 104 and lens 105 are formed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) using HMDSO as a precursor to form a dense amorphous silicon coating with alkyl groups on the entire surfaces of lens 104 and lens 105 provided with the transmissive-reflective film 200, the phase retardation film 400, the reflective polarizing film 300, and the linear polarizing film 500, with a thickness of 250 nanometers. Then, an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching method is used with a mixed gas of Ar, O2, and CF6 to etch about 90 nanometers of the surface of the silicon coating to form a second structure 22 with microstructures 221. The effective refractive index of the second structure 22 changes continuously, such as gradually decreasing from away from air to towards air, and the surface reflectivity can be made less than 0.05%.

[0096] Figure 3 The light-transmitting protective film 20 shown not only protects the polymer with high water absorption and isolates water vapor, but also covers the convex surface of lens 105, which has the functions of improving wear resistance, dirt resistance, and reducing reflection; covering the reflective polarizing film 300 on the flat surface of lens 105 can reduce the reflectivity of the light transmitted through the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing film 300 and improve the imaging contrast; covering the flat surface of lens 104 can reduce reflection and suppress ghost images; covering the convex surface of lens 104 can protect the oxide material in the transmissive-reflective film 200 from the influence of moisture absorption, and its optical properties can be maintained by adjusting the film system.

[0097] The light-transmitting protective film covering the surface of the optical element provided by the present disclosure not only overcomes the defect that general high-performance waterproof coatings, such as Parylene, affect the reflectivity and transmittance of the optical element due to their relatively thick film thickness.

[0098] Of course, the lens structure 100 in the optical structure provided by the present disclosure is not limited to including Figure 3 the two lenses shown or Figure 1 the three lenses shown, and may also include one lens, four lenses, or more lenses; the positional relationships of the transmissive-reflective film 200, the phase retardation film 400, the reflective polarizing film 300, and the phase retardation film 400 with the lens structure 100 can be set as needed.

[0099] Figure 4Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] As Figure 4 shown, the display device includes a display screen 30 and the optical structure provided in any of the above embodiments. Figure 4 Schematically shown, the optical structure is Figure 1 the optical structure shown, but not limited thereto, and may also be Figure 3 the optical structure shown.

[0101] As Figure 4 shown, the optical structure is located on the display side of the display screen 30, and the second surface 12 of the optical element 10 is located on the side away from the display screen 30 with respect to the first surface 11.

[0102] For example, as Figure 4 shown, the display surface of the display screen 30 is located on the focal plane of the light incident side of the optical structure.

[0103] For example, as Figure 4 shown, the display screen 30 can be any type of display screen 30, such as a liquid crystal display screen 30, an inorganic light emitting diode display screen 30, a quantum dot display screen 30, a projector (such as an LCOS micro-projector), etc.

[0104] For example, as Figure 4 shown, the display screen 30 can be a silicon-based organic light emitting diode display screen with an extremely high pixel density. The optical structure has the performance of high definition and a large viewing field. The blur spot of the optical structure in the central viewing field is less than the size of one sub-pixel (micrometer level), and the full viewing field can exceed 100 degrees.

[0105] For example, the display device can be a virtual reality (VR) display device. For example, the virtual reality display device can be a display device adopting an ultra-short focal length folding optical path.

[0106] For example, the display device can be a near-eye display device, and the near-eye display device can be a wearable VR helmet, VR glasses, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0107] The following points need to be explained:

[0108] (1) In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design.

[0109] (2) Without conflict, the features in the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0110] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of the present disclosure is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical structure, comprising: An optical element including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; A light-transmitting protective film located between the optical element and air, and the light-transmitting protective film is in contact with at least one of the first surface and the second surface; Wherein, the optical element includes a lens structure, a transmissive and reflective film, a reflective polarizing film, and a phase retardation film disposed on the lens structure. The lens structure includes a first lens surface and a second lens surface respectively located on its light-incident side and light-emitting side. At least one of the first lens surface and the second lens surface is a curved surface. The reflective polarizing film and the phase retardation film are both located on the side of the transmissive and reflective film facing the second lens surface. The first surface and the second surface include at least one of the surface of the transmissive and reflective film, the surface of the phase retardation film, the surface of the reflective polarizing film, the first lens surface, and the second lens surface; The light-transmitting protective film includes a first structure and a second structure stacked. The second structure is in contact with air, the first structure is in contact with the optical element, the compactness of the first structure is greater than that of the second structure, the second structure includes a plurality of microstructures, and the pitch of at least some of the microstructures in the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure in contact with the optical element is a characteristic dimension, and the characteristic dimension is not greater than the operating wavelength of the optical element.

2. The optical structure according to claim 1, wherein, The water vapor transmission rate of the first structure ≤ 1 g·mm / (m 2 ·24 h).

3. The optical structure according to claim 1, wherein, The characteristic dimension is 10 to 300 nanometers.

4. The optical structure according to claim 1, wherein, The average thickness of the light-transmitting protective film is 50 nanometers to 10 micrometers.

5. The optical structure according to claim 1, wherein, The average thickness of the second structure is 20 to 300 nanometers.

6. The optical structure according to claim 1, wherein, The refractive index of the first structure is greater than the equivalent refractive index of the second structure. The refractive index of the first structure is 1.4 to 2.

5. Along the arrangement direction from the first structure to the second structure, the equivalent refractive index of the second structure gradually decreases.

7. The optical structure according to claim 6, wherein, The size of each microstructure in the direction parallel to the surface of the first structure in contact with the optical element is a transverse dimension, and along the arrangement direction, the transverse dimension of at least some of the microstructures gradually decreases.

8. The optical structure according to claim 7, wherein, The shape of at least some of the microstructures includes a frustum of a cone or a cone.

9. The optical structure according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The material of the light-transmitting protective film includes one or more of parylene and its various substituted derivatives, hexamethyldisiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, acrylics, and fluorosilanes.

10. The optical structure according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The second structure in the light-transmitting protective film is configured to have a reflectivity of less than 0.2% for visible light.

11. The optical structure according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The light-transmitting protective film completely surrounds the optical element.

12. The optical structure according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The first structure and the second structure are integrally provided structures.

13. The optical structure according to any one of claims 1-8 further comprises: A linear polarizing film located on the side of the reflective polarizing film away from the transmissive and reflective film.

14. The optical structure according to claim 13, wherein, The second surface includes the linear polarizing film.

15. A display device, comprising a display screen and the optical structure according to any one of claims 1-14, Among them, The optical structure is located on the display side of the display screen, and the second surface is located on the side of the first surface away from the display screen.

16. A method for manufacturing the optical structure according to any one of claims 1-14, comprising: The plurality of microstructures in the light-transmissive protective film are formed by a plasma etching method.

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