Direct-current photovoltaic power supply tunnel lighting device and implementation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct-current photovoltaic power supply tunnel lighting device and an implementation method, the direct-current photovoltaic power supply tunnel lighting device comprises a plurality of tunnel lighting systems, each tunnel lighting system works independently, and each tunnel lighting system is allocated with a unique address number according to different areas installed in a tunnel; each tunnel lighting system comprises an MCU unit and a power supply unit, the power supply unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel, the photovoltaic power generation panel is connected with a voltage transformation and stabilization module, and a power supply supplies power to each unit after passing through the voltage transformation and stabilization module; the MCU unit is connected with a sound wave detection unit, an infrared communication unit, an LED constant-current dimming unit, a storage medium and an illumination induction unit, the LED constant-current dimming unit is connected with an LED lamp, and an illumination curve is stored in the storage medium. The system has the following advantages that a low-cost cluster infrared communication mode is adopted, the defects that the infrared transmission distance is short and the transmission directivity is high are overcome, nodes with problems are automatically isolated, and the problem of communication interruption cannot occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is a tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaic and its implementation method, belonging to the technical field of tunnel lighting systems. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are an important part of transportation construction, especially playing a key role in mountainous areas and urban underground space construction. The construction of tunnels can shorten distances, avoid large slopes, improve traffic efficiency, and is of great significance for urban development and transportation. How to maximize energy conservation, emission reduction, and economic benefits while ensuring tunnel lighting effects and safe driving is the main challenge faced by current tunnel lighting systems.

[0003] The characteristics of tunnel lighting are bright during the day and dark at night, so that the illuminance inside and outside the tunnel is similar, and drivers will not have visual discomfort when entering and exiting the tunnel; the better the sun during the day, the higher the illuminance inside the tunnel and the greater the energy consumption. And during the day is the peak period of photovoltaic power generation. Using photovoltaic power generation for tunnel lighting has huge economic and social benefits. At night, the energy consumption is relatively small, and the electric energy stored during the day by photovoltaic power generation can be utilized.

[0004] To avoid potential driving safety hazards caused by sudden changes in brightness when drivers enter and exit the tunnel, and to avoid visual fatigue during long-term driving in the tunnel, higher requirements are put forward for the tunnel lighting effect. At different parts of the tunnel, it is required that the lighting illuminance can be dynamically adjusted according to the illuminance outside the tunnel. From the entrance, transition section, middle section, and exit section of the tunnel, the illuminance is a gradually changing curve; in the case of no traffic flow, it is required to be able to reduce the illuminance or even turn off the lighting to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and extending the service life of lighting equipment.

[0005] With the upgrading of tunnel lighting technology, it has gradually shifted from manual adjustment of illuminance in the past to automation. Emerging technologies include adjusting the illuminance of tunnel lighting through wired communication methods such as LAN and RS485, and wireless communication methods such as 2.4G wireless network and Bluetooth. Generally, geomagnetic sensors, lidar, etc. are used to detect traffic flow, and the traffic flow information is sent to the base station information center through the Internet of Things, and then the base station controls the switch of tunnel lighting.

[0006] In existing illuminance adjustment technologies, a large amount of data needs to be transmitted through the network to adjust the parameters of each lamp in real time, and complex communication equipment is required. Wired communication methods such as LAN and RS485 require laying wired communication cables and erecting relay communication equipment, which are costly and troublesome to maintain. Once the communication cable has problems, the tunnel lighting will be out of control; wireless communication methods such as 2.4G and Bluetooth are easily interfered with and dropped, and the connection time is long after dropping, often resulting in adjustment delays and response lags, which is not conducive to driving safety.

[0007] In existing technologies such as traffic flow control switches, geomagnetic sensors, lidar, etc. communicate through the Internet of Things. Not only is the cost high and they cannot be installed at high density, but there are also problems such as network disconnection and control delay, posing potential safety hazards to driving. In existing technologies, infrared data transmission is also used for communication. Infrared data transmission is a low-cost information communication technology. However, due to its short transmission distance, usually only a few meters, and strong directivity, the transmitter and receiver need to be aligned in the same direction. These two drawbacks make it difficult to apply in tunnel traffic. To address the above problems, the acoustic waves generated during the traffic of tunnel vehicles can be utilized to directly detect the traffic flow and trigger lighting equipment. On the one hand, it can reduce costs, and on the other hand, it does not require networking and will not drop the line. However, the environment in the tunnel is complex, and various noises such as wind noise and thunder will interfere with the traffic flow acoustic waves, resulting in the inability to detect the traffic flow or the problem of false triggering without traffic flow. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics. By using the method of acoustic wave detection to identify the incoming vehicles and recognize specific frequencies of vehicle traffic, it overcomes the interference of environmental noise and accurately judges traffic flow information. In tunnel communication, a low-cost cluster infrared communication method is adopted, which overcomes the shortcomings of short infrared transmission distance and strong transmission directivity, and automatically isolates faulty nodes, preventing communication interruptions. At the same time, an information pre-storage medium is used to pre-store a large amount of repetitive cyclic information in each lighting unit in advance, avoiding the time delay caused by massive information interaction.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics includes a number of tunnel lighting systems. Each tunnel lighting system operates independently and is assigned a unique address number according to the different areas where it is installed in the tunnel. Each tunnel lighting system includes an MCU unit and a power supply unit. The power supply unit includes a photovoltaic panel, which is connected to a voltage transformation and regulation module. The power supply is supplied to each unit after passing through the voltage transformation and regulation module. The MCU unit is connected to an acoustic wave detection unit, an infrared communication unit, an LED constant current dimming unit, a storage medium, and an illuminance sensing unit. The LED constant current dimming unit is connected to an LED lamp, and the illuminance curve is stored in the storage medium. The illuminance sensing unit is installed below the LED lamp to detect and feedback the illuminance of the tunnel lighting system. The infrared communication unit can receive and send data. The adjacent tunnel lighting systems are installed relatively close. One infrared communication unit can communicate with multiple infrared communication units simultaneously. When a certain one fails, the faulty infrared communication unit can be bypassed for communication, and the infrared communication of the entire tunnel is not affected. The tunnel lighting device further includes an illuminometer, which is installed outside the tunnel and transmits through the infrared communication unit. The illuminance information outside the tunnel is sequentially transmitted to each tunnel lighting system, and each tunnel lighting system retrieves the illuminance adjustment curve of its own storage medium and adjusts the illuminance of the local machine according to the illuminance outside the tunnel.

[0010] Further, the acoustic wave detection unit includes a triode Q1. One end of a resistor R2 and one end of a capacitor C1 are connected to the base of the triode Q1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the VCC power supply. One end of an inductor L1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1. One end of a resistor R1 and one end of a low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC are connected to the other end of the inductor L1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the VCC power supply. The other end of the low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC is grounded. The emitter of the triode Q1 is grounded. One end of a resistor R3 and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit are connected to the collector of the triode Q1. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the VCC power supply.

[0011] Further, the infrared communication unit includes an infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit. The infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit includes a comparator OP1. One end of a capacitor C4 and one end of a variable resistor R8 are connected to the input terminal of the comparator OP1. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the DIN terminal of the MCU unit. The non-inverting output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to the sliding terminal of a sliding resistor R6. The other two ends of the sliding resistor R6 are grounded at one end and connected to one end of a capacitor C2 at the other end. One end of a variable resistor R5 and the collector of a triode Q2 are connected to the other end of the capacitor C2. The emitter of the triode Q2 is connected to one end of a resistor R7. The other end of the resistor R7 is grounded. One end of an infrared receiving tube IRR is connected to the base of the triode Q2. The other end of the infrared receiving tube IRR is connected to one end of a variable resistor R4. The other ends of the variable resistor R4 and the variable resistor R5 are connected to the VCC power supply. One end of a capacitor C3 and the other end of the variable resistor R8 are connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator OP1. The other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0012] Further, the infrared communication unit further includes an infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit. The infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit includes a comparator OP2. One end of a variable resistor R9 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the comparator OP2. The other end of the variable resistor R9 is connected to the DOUT terminal of the MCU unit. One end of a capacitor C5 and one end of a variable resistor R10 are connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator OP2. One end of the variable resistor R10 and one end of a variable resistor R11 are connected to the input terminal of the comparator OP2. The other end of the variable resistor R11 is connected to one end of an infrared transmitting tube IRF. The other end of the infrared transmitting tube IRF is grounded.

[0013] Further, the illuminance sensing unit includes a resistor R12 and a resistor R13. One end of the resistor R12 is connected to one end of the resistor R13 and the LF terminal of the MCU unit. The other end of the resistor R13 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to one end of a photoresistor RG, and the other end of the photoresistor RG is connected to the VCC power supply.

[0014] A method for realizing a tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics includes the following steps: Step S101, adopt infrared cluster communication, and after completion, enter step S102; Step S102, receive acoustic signals and extract the acoustic signals of the vehicle driving into a specific frequency; Step S103, determine whether an acoustic signal of the vehicle driving in is received. If so, enter step S104, otherwise enter step S105; Step S105, when no acoustic signal is received and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a low level, the PWM terminal of the MCU unit outputs a duty cycle of 0%, the output power of the LED constant current dimming unit is 0, the LED lamp does not light, and after completion, return to continue to execute step S102; Step S104, receive the infrared communication signal of the same-column tunnel lighting system in the adjacent group, and after completion, enter step S106; Step S106, determine whether an infrared communication signal is received within the sampling time. If so, enter step S110, otherwise enter step S107; Step S107, receive the infrared communication signal of the other column of the same-group tunnel lighting system, and after completion, enter step S108; Step S108, extract the infrared communication signal of the other column of the same-group tunnel lighting system, and after completion, enter step S110; Step S109, extract the address number of the infrared communication unit failure and send the address number of the failure to the alarm terminal to remind timely maintenance.

[0015] Step S110, illuminance curve management, retrieve the illuminance curve in the storage medium and extract the illuminance parameters, and after completion, enter step S111; Step S111, the MCU unit generates a PWM duty cycle value according to the illuminance curve, and after completion, enter step S112; Step S112, when the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a high level at this time, the PWM terminal of the MCU unit outputs a PWM duty cycle signal with a certain duty cycle, the LED constant current dimming unit outputs power to light the LED lamp. When the vehicle drives in, the tunnel lighting system unit within dozens of meters in front of the vehicle will light up, and the tunnel lighting system behind the vehicle will go out after a few seconds. After completion, enter step S113; Step S113: Detect the brightness of the LED lights in each tunnel lighting system. Each tunnel lighting system is equipped with an illuminance sensing unit installed below the LED lights to detect and feedback the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system. The photoresistor RG, resistor R12, and resistor R13 are connected in series to form a voltage dividing circuit. The MCU unit obtains the voltage at the LF terminal based on the illuminance feedback as , when the photoresistor RG is irradiated by light, its resistance value decreases with the increase of illuminance, and the voltage at the LF terminal of the MCU unit changes. The MCU unit can obtain the illuminance of its own LED lights. After completion, proceed to step S114; Step S114: Determine whether the illuminance is qualified. If it is qualified, continue to execute step S112; otherwise, enter step S115; Step S115: When the illuminance does not meet the requirements, there will also be a deviation in the voltage at the LF terminal of the MCU unit. The MCU unit obtains the illuminance deviation value and adjusts the output power of the LED constant current dimming unit by adjusting the PWM duty cycle to make the illuminance of the LED lights in the tunnel lighting system meet the requirements. After completion, enter step S116; Step S116: Determine whether the illuminance is lower than the threshold. If it is not lower, return to execute step S112; if it is lower, enter step S117; Step S117: The LED lights of the tunnel lighting system send the address number of the tunnel lighting system to the faulty terminal.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps of the infrared cluster communication are as follows: An infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit is installed at the left end of each tunnel lighting system, and an infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit is installed at the right end. The infrared reception circuit receives the information sent by the tunnel lighting system adjacent to the left end, and the infrared transmission circuit sends the information to the tunnel lighting system adjacent to the right end; To avoid communication interruption caused by the failure of a certain infrared communication unit, the tunnel lighting systems are installed in a double-row manner and installed in different areas from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel exit according to the unique address number. The address number adopts the method of row number + column number; The second group of tunnel lighting systems receives the infrared data of the first group of tunnel lighting systems, sends it to the third group of tunnel lighting systems, and then continues to send it to the next group of tunnel lighting systems until all the tunnel lighting systems in the tunnel can receive the infrared data. Any two parallel tunnel lighting systems in each group can communicate with any one of the two tunnel lighting systems in the adjacent group. In this way, if a tunnel lighting system has a communication failure, another tunnel lighting system can continue to work and send the address number of the failure to the alarm terminal to remind timely maintenance; An illuminometer is installed outside the tunnel to detect the illuminance outside the tunnel. During each sampling period, the illuminance data outside the tunnel is sent to the first group of tunnel lighting systems at the tunnel entrance through an infrared communication unit. The first group of tunnel lighting systems receives the data and simultaneously sends the illuminance data outside the tunnel to the second group of tunnel lighting systems, and so on. All the tunnel lighting systems inside the tunnel obtain the illuminance data outside the tunnel within a few seconds; After the tunnel lighting system obtains the illuminance data outside the tunnel, the MCU unit retrieves the illuminance curve from the local storage medium based on this data, generates the PWM duty cycle, and connects it to the LED constant current dimming unit through the PWM terminal to adjust the illuminance of the LED lamp.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific communication process of the infrared communication unit in the infrared cluster communication is as follows: The variable resistor R4 and the infrared receiving tube IRR are connected in series to provide the base signal current for the triode Q2. The infrared receiving tube IRR receives the infrared communication signal. When there is no infrared light irradiation, the infrared receiving tube IRR is in a high-resistance state, the base current of the triode Q2 is very small, the triode Q2 operates in the cut-off region, and the collector of the triode Q2 is at a high level. The high level is coupled through the capacitor C2 and divided by the sliding resistor R6, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 is at a high level; When irradiated by infrared light, the resistance of the infrared receiving tube IRR decreases significantly, the base current of the triode Q2 increases, the triode Q2 operates in the saturation region, the collector and emitter of the triode Q2 are conducting, the voltage is pulled down through the resistor R7, the collector of the triode Q2 becomes a low level, the low level is coupled through the capacitor C2 and divided by the sliding resistor R6, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 is at a low level; When the infrared pulse infrared light with a frequency of 38KHZ irradiates the infrared receiving tube IRR, the high and low levels of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 will change with the positive and negative of the infrared pulse. The comparator OP1 and the capacitor C3 and the variable resistor R8 form an inverting demodulator, and the signal is demodulated through phase inversion to meet the requirements of the communication system for the signal phase. The output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to the DIN terminal of the MCU unit, and the change of the high and low levels corresponds to the digital signal decoded by the MCU unit; The DOUT terminal of the MCU unit outputs a digital signal pulse, and its high and low levels are limited by the variable resistor R9 and applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP2. The comparator OP2 and the capacitor C5 and the variable resistor R11 form an inverting modulator. After the pulse signal at the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP2 is inverted, it is limited by the variable resistor R11 at the output terminal of the comparator OP2, and the infrared emitting tube IRF is lit at a high level and extinguished at a low level. Through the conversion of the high and low levels, the infrared emitting tube IRF emits the digital signal encoded by the MCU unit.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S102, to receive the sound wave signal and extract the sound wave signal of the vehicle driving into a specific frequency, the specific steps are as follows: The low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC is a unidirectional microphone, and its acoustic wave sensing direction faces the vehicle driving direction. The resistor R1 is a power supply bias resistor; When no vehicle enters, there is no acoustic wave signal in the low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC, and it is in a high-resistance state. The capacitor C1 is charged through the resistor R2 and the low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC, providing a saturated base voltage for the triode Q1. The triode Q1 operates in a saturated conduction state. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting, the collector of the triode Q1 is at a low level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a low level. The resistor R3 is a current-limiting resistor, which limits the collector saturation current of the triode Q1 not to exceed the rated current of the triode; When a vehicle enters, the low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC picks up an acoustic wave signal with sufficient intensity and converts it into an electrical signal of the same frequency. The inductor L1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a low-pass band-pass filter circuit. According to the low-pass filter formula , reasonably set the values of the inductor L1 and the capacitor C1. Only the low-frequency electrical signals from 150HZ to 180HZ can pass through, and the electrical signals below 150HZ and above 180HZ are blocked. The electrical signals below 150HZ are isolated by the capacitor C1, and the electrical signals above 180HZ are blocked by the inductor L1. The electrical signal is coupled into the base of the triode Q1, and its negative half-cycle signal causes the triode Q1 to exit the saturation region and cut off. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting and in a high-resistance state. The collector of the triode Q1 is at a high level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a high level; When the vehicle drives away, the acoustic wave signal weakens and disappears, and the capacitor C1 is recharged. After a period of time, the length of which is determined by the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1, the larger the product of the two, the longer the time. The base voltage of the triode Q1 rises and it operates in a saturated conduction state. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting, the collector of the triode Q1 is at a low level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit becomes low level again.

[0019] Further, the illuminance curve management in the step S110 is specifically as follows: Each tunnel lighting system is assigned a unique address number according to the different areas where it is installed in the tunnel. All are equipped with a storage medium, which stores the illuminance curve data and card number of the current tunnel lighting system. Through the one-to-one correspondence between the card number and the address number, data interaction can be carried out with the MCU unit of the current tunnel lighting system, and the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system can be adjusted through the LED constant current dimming unit; Tunnel lighting systems installed in different areas have different illuminance curves. Each tunnel lighting system distributed in different areas has a unique illuminance curve. The illuminance curve is pre-written with data through a storage medium and interacts with the MCU unit. The illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system is adjusted through the LED constant current dimming unit. When the illuminance outside the tunnel changes, the illuminance data outside the tunnel is transmitted to each tunnel lighting system through the infrared communication unit. Through their respective illuminance curves, each tunnel lighting system adjusts the LED luminous power to emit the required illuminance.

[0020] The present invention adopts the above technical solutions. Compared with the prior art, it has the following technical effects: By using the method of detecting the incoming vehicles with sound waves to identify the specific frequencies of vehicle traffic, it overcomes the interference of environmental noise and accurately judges the traffic flow information; in tunnel communication, it adopts a low-cost cluster infrared communication method, which overcomes the disadvantages of short infrared transmission distance and strong transmission directivity, and automatically isolates the problematic nodes, so there will be no communication interruption problem; at the same time, it uses an information pre-storage medium to pre-store a large amount of repetitive cyclic information in each lighting unit in advance, avoiding the time delay caused by massive information interaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0022] Figure 1 It is the circuit diagram of a tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaic in the present invention; Figure 2 It is the layout schematic diagram of the tunnel lighting system in the present invention; Figure 3 It is the flow chart of the implementation method of the tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaic in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaic includes a number of tunnel lighting systems. Each tunnel lighting system works independently and is densely installed in different areas of the tunnel. It can detect the sound waves generated during the vehicle driving process and trigger the lighting of the area lighting dozens of meters in front of the vehicle. When the vehicle passes by, the lighting automatically goes out; Each tunnel lighting system is assigned a unique address number according to the area where it is installed in the tunnel. It is equipped with a storage medium (such as an SD card) that has previously stored the illuminance curve data of the current tunnel lighting system. It can interact with the MCU unit of the local machine and adjust the illuminance of the local tunnel lighting system through the LED constant current dimming unit. Each tunnel lighting system is equipped with an illuminance sensing unit installed under the LED lamp to detect and feedback the illuminance of the local tunnel lighting system.

[0024] Each tunnel lighting system unit is equipped with a set of infrared communication units that can receive and send data and conduct simple data exchange with the infrared communication units of adjacent tunnel lighting systems around. When there is a fault, such as a lamp not lighting up, the number of the faulty lamp can be sequentially transmitted to the alarm terminal outside the tunnel through the adjacent infrared communication units to remind the maintenance department to repair it in time, and the illuminance of the faulty lamp can be compensated by increasing the brightness of other adjacent lamps.

[0025] An illuminometer is equipped outside the tunnel. Through the transmission of the infrared communication unit, the illuminance information outside the tunnel is sequentially transmitted to each tunnel lighting system. Each tunnel lighting system retrieves the illuminance adjustment curve of its own storage medium (such as an SD card) and adjusts the illuminance of the local machine according to the illuminance outside the tunnel.

[0026] Since the installation distance of adjacent tunnel lighting systems is relatively close, an infrared communication unit can communicate with multiple infrared communication units at the same time. When a certain one fails, communication can bypass the faulty infrared communication unit, and the infrared communication of the entire tunnel is not affected; according to the number of the faulty tunnel lighting system, the alarm information is transmitted to the alarm terminal outside the tunnel to remind the maintenance department to repair it in time.

[0027] Because a large amount of data is pre-stored, the data volume of the infrared communication unit is very small. That is, an illuminance information outside the tunnel is sent every sampling time (since the outdoor illuminance does not change suddenly, the sampling time is generally set to half a minute). In addition, when there is a lamp fault, the fault number is sent to the alarm terminal. Because the data interaction is very little, low-cost infrared transmitting and receiving tubes can be used, which have low cost and will not drop the line.

[0028] Each tunnel lighting system includes an MCU unit and a power supply unit. The MCU unit uses an STC89 series chip. The power supply unit includes a photovoltaic power generation panel. The photovoltaic power generation panel is connected to a voltage transformation and stabilization module. After the power supply passes through the voltage transformation and stabilization module, it supplies power to each unit. The power supply unit also includes a storage battery. The storage battery is connected to a charge and discharge module. Using photovoltaic power supply and combining the characteristics of tunnel lighting, the illuminance is good during the day and the photovoltaic power generation is sufficient. In addition to supplying the electricity for tunnel lighting, it also charges the storage battery at the same time; at night, the electricity consumption for tunnel lighting is small, and the storage battery discharges to provide lighting electricity.

[0029] The MCU unit is connected to an acoustic wave detection unit. The acoustic wave detection unit includes a triode Q1. One end of a resistor R2 and one end of a capacitor C1 are connected to the base of the triode Q1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the VCC power supply. One end of an inductor L1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1. One end of a resistor R1 and one end of a low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC are connected to the other end of the inductor L1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the VCC power supply. The other end of the low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC is grounded. The emitter of the triode Q1 is grounded. One end of a resistor R3 and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit are connected to the collector of the triode Q1. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the VCC power supply.

[0030] The MCU unit is connected to an infrared communication unit. The infrared communication unit includes an infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit and an infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit. The infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit includes a comparator OP1. One end of a capacitor C4 and one end of a variable resistor R8 are connected to the input terminal of the comparator OP1. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the DIN terminal of the MCU unit. The non-inverting output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to the sliding terminal of a sliding resistor R6. One of the other two ends of the sliding resistor R6 is grounded, and the other end is connected to one end of a capacitor C2. One end of a variable resistor R5 and the collector of a triode Q2 are connected to the other end of the capacitor C2. One end of a resistor R7 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q2. The other end of the resistor R7 is grounded. One end of an infrared receiving tube IRR is connected to the base of the triode Q2. The other end of the infrared receiving tube IRR is connected to one end of a variable resistor R4. The other ends of the variable resistor R4 and the variable resistor R5 are connected to the VCC power supply. One end of a capacitor C3 and the other end of the variable resistor R8 are connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator OP1. The other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0031] The infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit includes a comparator OP2. One end of a variable resistor R9 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the comparator OP2. The other end of the variable resistor R9 is connected to the DOUT terminal of the MCU unit. One end of a capacitor C5 and one end of a variable resistor R10 are connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator OP2. One end of the variable resistor R10 and one end of a variable resistor R11 are connected to the input terminal of the comparator OP2. The other end of the variable resistor R11 is connected to one end of an infrared transmitting tube IRF. The other end of the infrared transmitting tube IRF is grounded.

[0032] The PWM terminal of the MCU unit is connected to an LED constant current dimming unit, and the LED constant current dimming unit is connected to an LED lamp.

[0033] The MCU unit is connected to an illuminance sensing unit. The illuminance sensing unit includes a resistor R12 and a resistor R13. One end of the resistor R12, one end of the resistor R13, and the LF terminal of the MCU unit are connected together. The other end of the resistor R13 is grounded. One end of a photosensitive resistor RG is connected to the other end of the resistor R12. The other end of the photosensitive resistor RG is connected to the VCC power supply.

[0034] The REM terminal of the MCU unit is connected to a storage medium, and the illuminance curve is stored in the storage medium.

[0035] A method for implementing a tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics includes the following steps: Step S101, using infrared cluster communication, and after completion, proceed to step S102; The specific steps of the infrared cluster communication are as follows: Since the infrared data has a short transmission distance, usually only a few meters, it is difficult to transmit data in a tunnel hundreds to thousands of meters long. Moreover, the infrared communication receiving end and the transmitting end need to be in the same direction to receive the signal. The present invention solves this problem well through the cluster infrared communication method.

[0036] An infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit is installed at the left end of each tunnel lighting system, and an infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit is installed at the right end. The infrared reception circuit receives the information sent by the tunnel lighting system adjacent to the left end, and the infrared transmission circuit sends the information to the tunnel lighting system adjacent to the right end.

[0037] To avoid communication interruption caused by the failure of a certain infrared communication unit, the tunnel lighting system adopts a double-row installation method and is installed in different areas from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel exit according to a unique address number. The address number adopts the method of row number + column number. For example, 1-1, 1-2, 2-1, 2-2, 3-1, 3-2 respectively represent the first group of tunnel lighting systems, the second group of tunnel lighting systems, and the third group of tunnel lighting systems, with two in parallel in each group, a total of six tunnel lighting systems. The second group of tunnel lighting systems receives the infrared data of the first group of tunnel lighting systems, sends it to the third group of tunnel lighting systems, and then continues to send it to the next group of tunnel lighting systems until all the tunnel lighting systems in the tunnel can receive the infrared data. Any one of the two tunnel lighting systems in parallel in each group can communicate with any one of the two tunnel lighting systems in the adjacent group. In this way, if a tunnel lighting system has a communication failure, the other tunnel lighting system can continue to work and send the address number of the failure to the alarm terminal to remind timely maintenance.

[0038] An illuminance meter is installed outside the tunnel to detect the illuminance outside the tunnel. During each sampling time (since the illuminance outside the tunnel does not change suddenly, generally half a minute), through an infrared communication unit, the illuminance data outside the tunnel is sent to the first group of tunnel lighting systems at the tunnel entrance. The first group of tunnel lighting systems receives the data and at the same time sends the illuminance data outside the tunnel to the second group of tunnel lighting systems, and so on. All the tunnel lighting systems in the tunnel obtain the illuminance data outside the tunnel within a few seconds.

[0039] After the tunnel lighting system obtains the illuminance data outside the tunnel, the MCU unit retrieves the illuminance curve in the local storage medium based on this data, generates the PWM duty cycle, and accesses the LED constant current dimming unit through the PWM terminal to adjust the illuminance of the LED lamp.

[0040] The specific communication process of the infrared communication unit is as follows: The variable resistor R4 and the infrared receiving tube IRR are in series, providing the base signal current for the triode Q2. The infrared receiving tube IRR receives the infrared communication signal. When there is no infrared light irradiation, the infrared receiving tube IRR is in a high-resistance state, the base current of the triode Q2 is very small, the triode Q2 operates in the cut-off region, the collector of the triode Q2 is at a high level, the high level is coupled through the capacitor C2 and divided by the sliding resistor R6, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 is at a high level.

[0041] When irradiated by infrared light, the resistance of the infrared receiving tube IRR decreases significantly, the base current of the triode Q2 increases, the triode Q2 operates in the saturation region, the collector and emitter of the triode Q2 are conducting, the voltage is pulled down through the resistor R7, the collector of the triode Q2 becomes a low level, the low level is coupled through the capacitor C2 and divided by the sliding resistor R6, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 is at a low level.

[0042] When the infrared pulse infrared light with a frequency of 38KHZ irradiates the infrared receiving tube IRR, the high and low levels of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 will change with the positive and negative of the infrared pulse. The comparator OP1 and the capacitor C3 and the variable resistor R8 form an inverting demodulator, and the signal is demodulated through phase inversion to meet the requirements of the communication system for the signal phase. The output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to the DIN terminal of the MCU unit, and the change of the high and low levels corresponds to the digital signal decoded by the MCU unit.

[0043] The DOUT terminal of the MCU unit outputs a digital signal pulse, and its high and low levels are applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP2 through the amplitude limiting of the variable resistor R9. The comparator OP2 and the capacitor C5 and the variable resistor R11 form an inverting modulator. After the pulse signal at the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP2 is inverted, it is current-limited through the variable resistor R11 at the output terminal of the comparator OP2, and the infrared emitting tube IRF is lit at a high level and extinguished at a low level. Through the conversion of the high and low levels, the infrared emitting tube IRF emits the digital signal encoded by the MCU unit.

[0044] Step S102, receive the sound wave signal and extract the vehicle driving into the specific frequency sound wave signal. The specific steps are as follows: When the vehicle drives into the tunnel, sound waves with a frequency range of 75HZ to 400HZ will be generated. The frequency of the tunnel wind sound is in the range of 70HZ to 100HZ, and the frequency of the thunder sound is in the range of 250HZ to 700HZ. In order to avoid the interference of environmental noise on the sound wave when the vehicle drives in, it is necessary to extract the low-frequency sound wave with a frequency range of 150HZ to 180HZ as the traffic flow detection frequency; The low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC is a unidirectional microphone, and its sound wave induction direction faces the vehicle driving direction. The resistor R1 is a power supply bias resistor.

[0045] When no vehicle enters, the low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC has no sound wave signal and is in a high-resistance state. The capacitor C1 is charged through the resistor R2 and the low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC, providing a saturated base voltage for the triode Q1. The triode Q1 operates in a saturated conduction state. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting, the collector of the triode Q1 is at a low level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a low level. The resistor R3 is a current-limiting resistor that limits the collector saturation current of the triode Q1 not to exceed the rated current of the triode.

[0046] When a vehicle enters, the low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC picks up a sound wave signal of sufficient intensity and converts it into an electrical signal of the same frequency. The inductor L1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a low-pass band-pass filter circuit. According to the low-pass filter formula , reasonably set the values of L1 and C1 (for example, C1 is selected as 1000 microfarads and L1 is selected as 200 millihenries). Only the low-frequency electrical signals from 150HZ to 180HZ can pass through, and the electrical signals below 150HZ and above 180HZ are blocked. The electrical signals below 150HZ are isolated by the capacitor C1, and the electrical signals above 180HZ are blocked by the inductor L1. The electrical signal is coupled into the base of the triode Q1, and its negative half-cycle signal causes the triode Q1 to exit the saturation region and cut off. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting and in a high-resistance state. The collector of the triode Q1 is at a high level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a high level.

[0047] When the vehicle drives away and the sound wave signal weakens and disappears, the capacitor C1 is recharged. After a period of time (the length of time is determined by the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1. The larger the product of the two, the longer the time, generally a few seconds), the base voltage of the triode Q1 rises and it operates in a saturated conduction state. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting, the collector of the triode Q1 is at a low level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit becomes low level again.

[0048] Step S103, determine whether a vehicle entry sound wave signal is received. If it is received, enter step S104; otherwise, enter step S105. Step S105, when no sound wave signal is received and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a low level, the PWM terminal of the MCU unit outputs a duty cycle of 0%, the output power of the LED constant current dimming unit is 0, and the LED light is not on. After completion, return to continue executing step S102. Step S104, receive the infrared communication signal of the same-column tunnel lighting system in the adjacent group. After completion, enter step S106. Step S106: Determine whether an infrared communication signal is received within the sampling time. If so, proceed to step S110; otherwise, proceed to step S107. Step S107: Receive the infrared communication signal of another column of the same group of tunnel lighting systems, and then proceed to step S108 after completion. Step S108: Extract the infrared communication signal of another column of the same group of tunnel lighting systems, and then proceed to step S110 after completion. Step S109: Extract the address number of the infrared communication unit failure, and send the address number of the failure to the alarm terminal to remind for timely maintenance.

[0049] Step S110: Illuminance curve management. Retrieve the illuminance curve from the storage medium, extract the illuminance parameters, and then proceed to step S111 after completion. The illuminance curve management is as follows: Since the positions of each lamp in the tunnel are different, the illuminance curves are different. There are many problems in transmitting data to hundreds or thousands of lamps through communication methods. Storing the illuminance curves in the storage medium in advance is a low-cost method, but there are problems such as easy confusion and error due to similar appearance and large quantity during the implementation process. The present invention solves this problem well through the address number.

[0050] Each tunnel lighting system is assigned a unique address number according to the area where it is installed in the tunnel, and all are equipped with a storage medium (such as an SD card). The storage medium stores the illuminance curve data and card number of the current tunnel lighting system. Through the one-to-one correspondence between the card number and the address number, data interaction can be carried out with the MCU unit of the current tunnel lighting system, and the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system can be adjusted through the LED constant current dimming unit.

[0051] For tunnel lighting systems installed in different areas, their illuminance curves are different. For example, at the tunnel entrance, the tunnel lighting requirements are the same as those outside the tunnel to avoid sudden brightness changes for drivers entering the tunnel; in the middle of the tunnel, during the day with good illuminance, the illuminance gradually decreases from the entrance to the middle, and at night, the illuminance gradually increases from the entrance to the middle. Therefore, for each tunnel lighting system distributed in different areas, its illuminance curve is unique. Its illuminance curve is written with data in advance through the storage medium (such as an SD card), data interaction is carried out with the MCU unit, and the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system is adjusted through the LED constant current dimming unit. When the illuminance outside the tunnel changes, through the infrared communication unit, the illuminance data outside the tunnel is transmitted to each tunnel lighting system, and through their respective illuminance curves, each tunnel lighting system adjusts the LED luminous power to emit the required illuminance.

[0052] Step S111: The MCU unit generates the PWM duty cycle value according to the illuminance curve, and then proceeds to step S112 after completion. In step S112, when the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a high level, the PWM terminal of the MCU unit outputs a PWM duty cycle signal with a certain duty cycle, and the LED constant current dimming unit outputs power to light up the LED lamp. Therefore, when the vehicle enters, the tunnel lighting system unit within dozens of meters in front of the vehicle will light up, and the tunnel lighting system behind the vehicle will go out after a few seconds. After completion, step S113 is entered; In step S113, the photoresistor detects the brightness of the LED lamp in each tunnel lighting system. Each tunnel lighting system is equipped with an illuminance sensing unit, which is installed below the LED lamp to detect and feedback the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system; the photoresistor RG, resistor R12, and resistor R13 are connected in series to form a voltage dividing circuit. The MCU unit obtains the voltage on the LF terminal according to the illuminance feedback as , when the photoresistor RG is irradiated by light, its resistance value will decrease with the increase of illuminance, and the voltage on the LF terminal of the MCU unit changes. The MCU unit can obtain the illuminance of its own LED lamp. After completion, step S114 is entered; In step S114, it is judged whether the illuminance is qualified. If it is qualified, step S112 is continued to be executed; otherwise, step S115 is entered; In step S115, when the illuminance does not meet the requirements due to certain reasons (such as light decay, dust), there will also be a deviation in the voltage on the LF terminal of the MCU unit. The MCU unit obtains the illuminance deviation value, and adjusts the output power of the LED constant current dimming unit by adjusting the PWM duty cycle to make the illuminance of the LED lamp in the tunnel lighting system meet the requirements. After completion, step S116 is entered; In step S116, it is judged whether the illuminance is lower than the threshold value. If it is not lower, step S112 is returned to be executed; if it is lower, step S117 is entered; For the LED lamp of the tunnel lighting system, the fault terminal sends the address number of the tunnel lighting system.

[0053] The description of the present invention is given for the purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention so as to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaic, characterized in that: It includes several tunnel lighting systems. Each tunnel lighting system works independently and is assigned a unique address number according to the different areas where it is installed in the tunnel. Each tunnel lighting system includes an MCU unit and a power supply unit. The power supply unit includes a photovoltaic panel, which is connected to a voltage transformation and voltage stabilization module. After the power supply passes through the voltage transformation and voltage stabilization module, it supplies power to each unit. The MCU unit is connected to an acoustic wave detection unit, an infrared communication unit, an LED constant current dimming unit, a storage medium, and an illuminance sensing unit. The LED constant current dimming unit is connected to an LED lamp, and the illuminance curve is stored in the storage medium. The illuminance sensing unit is installed below the LED lamp and detects and feeds back the illuminance of the tunnel lighting system. The infrared communication unit can receive and send data. The adjacent tunnel lighting systems are installed relatively close. One infrared communication unit can communicate with multiple infrared communication units at the same time. When one of them fails, the communication can bypass the faulty infrared communication unit, and the infrared communication of the entire tunnel is not affected. The tunnel lighting device also includes an illuminometer, which is installed outside the tunnel and transmits the illuminance information outside the tunnel to each tunnel lighting system through the infrared communication unit in sequence. Each tunnel lighting system retrieves the illuminance adjustment curve of its own storage medium and adjusts the illuminance of its own device according to the illuminance outside the tunnel.

2. The tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic wave detection unit includes a triode Q1. One end of the base of the triode Q1 is connected to one end of a resistor R2 and one end of a capacitor C1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the VCC power supply. The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of an inductor L1. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected to one end of a resistor R1 and one end of a low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the VCC power supply. The other end of the low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC is grounded. The emitter of the triode Q1 is grounded. The collector of the triode Q1 is connected to one end of a resistor R3 and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the VCC power supply. The low-frequency acoustic wave pickup element MIC is a unidirectional microphone, and its acoustic wave induction direction faces the vehicle driving direction. The resistor R1 is a power supply bias resistor.

3. The tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 1, wherein: The infrared communication unit includes an infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit. The infrared communication demodulation and reception circuit includes a comparator OP1. One end of the input terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C4 and one end of a variable resistor R8. The other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the DIN terminal of the MCU unit. The non-inverting output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to the sliding terminal of a sliding resistor R6. The other two ends of the sliding resistor R6 are grounded at one end and connected to one end of a capacitor C2 at the other end. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to one end of a variable resistor R5 and the collector of a triode Q2. The emitter of the triode Q2 is connected to one end of a resistor R7. The other end of the resistor R7 is grounded. The base of the triode Q2 is connected to one end of an infrared receiving tube IRR. The other end of the infrared receiving tube IRR is connected to one end of a variable resistor R4. The other ends of the variable resistor R4 and the variable resistor R5 are connected to the VCC power supply. The inverting output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C3 and the other end of the variable resistor R8. The other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.

4. The tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared communication unit further includes an infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit. The infrared communication modulation and transmission circuit includes a comparator OP2. One end of a variable resistor R9 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the comparator OP2, and the other end of the variable resistor R9 is connected to the DOUT terminal of the MCU unit. One end of a capacitor C5 and one end of a variable resistor R10 are connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator OP2. One end of the variable resistor R10 and one end of a variable resistor R11 are connected to the input terminal of the comparator OP2. The other end of the variable resistor R11 is connected to one end of an infrared emitting diode IRF, and the other end of the infrared emitting diode IRF is grounded.

5. The tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 1, wherein: The illuminance sensing unit includes a resistor R12 and a resistor R13. One end of the resistor R12 is connected to one end of the resistor R13 and the LF terminal of the MCU unit. The other end of the resistor R13 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to one end of a photoresistor RG, and the other end of the photoresistor RG is connected to the VCC power supply.

6. A method for implementing a tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaic power supply, characterized in that: The implementation method is applied to a tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaics as described in any one of claims 1-5, and includes the following steps: Step S101, adopt infrared cluster communication, and after completion, enter step S102; Step S102, receive acoustic signals, and extract the vehicle driving-in specific frequency acoustic signals; Step S103, determine whether the vehicle driving-in acoustic signals are received. If received, enter step S104, otherwise enter step S105; Step S105, when the acoustic signals are not received and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a low level, the PWM terminal of the MCU unit outputs a duty cycle of 0%, the output power of the LED constant current dimming unit is 0, the LED lights are not on, and after completion, return to continue executing step S102; Step S104, receive the infrared communication signals of the adjacent group of the same-column tunnel lighting system, and after completion, enter step S106; Step S106, determine whether infrared communication signals are received within the sampling time. If received, enter step S110, otherwise enter step S107; Step S107, receive the infrared communication signals of the other column of the same-group tunnel lighting system, and after completion, enter step S108; Step S108, extract the infrared communication signals of the other column of the same-group tunnel lighting system, and after completion, enter step S110; Step S109, extract the address number of the infrared communication unit failure, and send the address number of the failure to the alarm terminal to remind timely maintenance; Step S110, illuminance curve management, retrieve the illuminance curve in the storage medium, extract the illuminance parameters, and after completion, enter step S111; Step S111, the MCU unit generates a PWM duty cycle value according to the illuminance curve, and after completion, enter step S112; Step S112, at this time, when the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a high level, the PWM terminal of the MCU unit outputs a certain duty cycle PWM duty cycle signal, the LED constant current dimming unit outputs power to light the LED lights. When the vehicle drives in, the tunnel lighting system units within dozens of meters in front of the vehicle will light up, and the tunnel lighting system behind the vehicle will go out after a few seconds. After completion, enter step S113; Step S113: Detect the brightness of the LED lights in each tunnel lighting system. Each tunnel lighting system is equipped with an illuminance sensing unit installed below the LED lights to detect and feedback the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system. The photoresistor RG, resistor R12, and resistor R13 are connected in series to form a voltage dividing circuit. The MCU unit determines the voltage on the LF terminal based on the illuminance feedback as , when the photoresistor RG is irradiated by light, its resistance value decreases with the increase of illuminance, the voltage on the LF terminal of the MCU unit changes, and the MCU unit can obtain the illuminance of its own LED lights. After completion, proceed to step S114; Step S114, determining whether the illumination is qualified, if qualified, proceeding to step S112, otherwise proceeding to step S115; Step S115, when the illumination does not meet the requirement, the voltage on the LF terminal of the MCU unit will also be biased, and the MCU unit obtains the illumination deviation value, and adjusts the PWM duty cycle and the output power of the LED constant current dimming unit to make the LED illumination of the tunnel lighting system meet the requirement, and then enters step S116; Step S116, determining whether the illumination is lower than a threshold value, if not, returning to step S112, if lower, proceeding to step S117; Step S117, the LED lamp of the tunnel lighting system sends the address number of the tunnel lighting system to the fault terminal.

7. The implementation method of a tunnel lighting device powered by direct current photovoltaics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of the infrared cluster communication are as follows: Each tunnel lighting system is equipped with an infrared communication demodulation receiving circuit at the left end and an infrared communication modulation transmitting circuit at the right end. The infrared receiving circuit receives information sent by the adjacent tunnel lighting system at the left end, and the infrared transmitting circuit sends information to the adjacent tunnel lighting system at the right end. In order to avoid communication interruption caused by failure of a certain infrared communication unit, the tunnel lighting system adopts a double-row installation method, which is installed in different areas from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel exit according to the unique address number. The address number adopts the row number + column number method. The second group of tunnel lighting systems receives the infrared data of the first group of tunnel lighting systems, sends it to the third group of tunnel lighting systems, and then continues to send it to the next group of tunnel lighting systems until all tunnel lighting systems in the tunnel can receive the infrared data. The two parallel tunnel lighting systems in each group can communicate with any of the two tunnel lighting systems in the adjacent group. In this way, if a tunnel lighting system fails to communicate, the other tunnel lighting system can continue to work and send the address number of the fault to the alarm terminal to remind timely maintenance; An illuminance meter is installed outside the tunnel to detect the illuminance outside the tunnel. During each sampling time, an infrared communication unit is used to send the illuminance data outside the tunnel to the first group of tunnel lighting systems at the tunnel entrance. The first group of tunnel lighting systems receives the data and sends the illuminance data outside the tunnel to the second group of tunnel lighting systems at the same time. By analogy, all tunnel lighting systems in the tunnel obtain the illuminance data outside the tunnel within a few seconds. After the tunnel lighting system obtains the illumination data outside the tunnel, the MCU unit uses this data to retrieve the illumination curve in the local storage medium, generates a PWM duty cycle, and connects to the LED constant current dimming unit through the PWM terminal to adjust the illumination of the LED lamp.

8. The implementation method of a tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific communication process of the infrared communication unit in the infrared cluster communication is as follows: The variable resistor R4 and the infrared receiving tube IRR are connected in series to provide base signal current for the transistor Q2. The infrared receiving tube IRR receives infrared communication signals. When there is no infrared light irradiation, the infrared receiving tube IRR is in a high-resistance state. The base current of the transistor Q2 is very small. The transistor Q2 works in the cut-off area. The collector of the transistor Q2 is at a high level. The high level is coupled by the capacitor C2, and the sliding resistor R6 divides the voltage. The in-phase end of the comparator OP1 is at a high level. When irradiated by infrared light, the resistance of the infrared receiving tube IRR decreases significantly. The base current of the triode Q2 increases, and the triode Q2 operates in the saturation region. The collector and emitter of the triode Q2 are conducting, and the voltage is pulled down through the resistor R7. The collector of the triode Q2 becomes low level. The low level is coupled through the capacitor C2 and divided by the sliding resistor R6, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 is at low level; When the infrared pulse infrared light with a frequency of 38KHZ irradiates the infrared receiving tube IRR, the high and low levels of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP1 will change following the positive and negative of the infrared pulse. The comparator OP1 and the capacitor C3 and the variable resistor R8 form an inverting demodulator, and the signal is demodulated by phase inversion to meet the requirements of the communication system for the signal phase. The output terminal of the comparator OP1 is connected to the DIN terminal of the MCU unit, and the change of the high and low levels corresponds to the digital signal decoded by the MCU unit; The DOUT terminal of the MCU unit outputs a digital signal pulse, and its high and low levels are applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP2 through the amplitude limiting of the variable resistor R9. The comparator OP2 and the capacitor C5 and the variable resistor R11 form an inverting modulator. After the pulse signal at the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator OP2 is inverted, it is current-limited by the variable resistor R11 at the output terminal of the comparator OP2, and the infrared emitting tube IRF is lit at high level and extinguished at low level. Through the conversion of the high and low levels, the infrared emitting tube IRF emits the digital signal encoded by the MCU unit.

9. The implementation method of a tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S102, a sound wave signal is received, and the sound wave signal of the vehicle driving into a specific frequency is extracted. The specific steps are as follows: When no vehicle drives in, the low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC has no sound wave signal and is in a high-resistance state. The capacitor C1 is charged through the resistor R2 and the low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC, providing a saturated base voltage for the triode Q1. The triode Q1 operates in the saturated conduction state. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting, and the collector of the triode Q1 is at low level. The CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at low level. The resistor R3 is a current-limiting resistor, which limits the collector saturation current of the triode Q1 not to exceed the rated current of the triode; When the vehicle enters, the low-frequency sound wave pickup element MIC picks up a sound wave signal with sufficient intensity and converts it into an electrical signal of the same frequency. The inductor L1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a low-pass band-pass filter circuit. According to the low-pass filter formula , the values of the inductor L1 and the capacitor C1 are reasonably set. Only the low-frequency electrical signals from 150HZ to 180HZ can pass through, and the electrical signals below 150HZ and above 180HZ are blocked. The electrical signals below 150HZ are isolated by the capacitor C1, and the electrical signals above 180HZ are blocked by the inductor L1. The electrical signal is coupled into the base of the triode Q1. The negative half-cycle signal causes the triode Q1 to exit the saturation region and cut off. The conduction between the collector and the emitter of the triode Q1 becomes a high-resistance state. The collector of the triode Q1 is at a high level, and the CNT terminal of the MCU unit is at a high level; When the vehicle drives away and the sound wave signal weakens and disappears, the capacitor C1 is recharged. After a period of time, the time length is determined by the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1. The larger the product of the two, the longer the time. The base voltage of the triode Q1 rises and operates in the saturated conduction state. The collector and emitter of the triode Q1 are conducting, and the collector of the triode Q1 is at low level. The CNT terminal of the MCU unit becomes low level again.

10. The implementation method of a tunnel lighting device powered by DC photovoltaics according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S110, the illuminance curve management is specifically as follows: Each tunnel lighting system is assigned a unique address number according to the installation area in the tunnel. Each is equipped with a storage medium, and the storage medium stores the illuminance curve data and card number of the current tunnel lighting system. Through the one-to-one correspondence between the card number and the address number, data interaction can be carried out with the MCU unit of the current tunnel lighting system, and the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system is adjusted through the LED constant current dimming unit; Tunnel lighting systems installed in different areas have different illuminance curves. Each tunnel lighting system distributed in different areas has a unique illuminance curve. Its illuminance curve writes data in advance through a storage medium, interacts with the MCU unit, and adjusts the illuminance of the current tunnel lighting system through the LED constant current dimming unit. When the illuminance outside the tunnel changes, the illuminance data outside the tunnel is transmitted to each tunnel lighting system through the infrared communication unit. Through their respective illuminance curves, each tunnel lighting system adjusts the LED luminous power to emit the required illuminance.

Images