Equipment and method for preparing lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation

Abstract

This invention provides a device and method for preparing a planting substrate from lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation, relating to the field of agricultural cultivation technology. The device includes a washing tank, a washing mechanism, and a bubble agitation mechanism. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the washing tank. Two keyed blocks are connected to the surface of the rotating shaft via keyways. A washing cylinder is connected to the surface of the two keyed blocks via keyways. Six perforated baffles are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the washing cylinder. A mounting base is fixed to the front of the washing tank. This design ultimately achieves the following: the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the rotating disk and drive block to rotate, which in turn causes the ring frame to drive two pistons to move left and right. This compresses the gas in the compression cylinder into the washing tank, causing dense small bubbles to appear in the washing water. The turbulence and shear force generated by the bursting of these bubbles further break down the salt crust on the surface of the slag, thereby shortening the washing time of the lepidolite slag and improving the preparation efficiency of the planting substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, and in particular to a device and method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Substrate seedling cultivation in agricultural practices is a technique that uses artificially prepared cultivation substrates to replace traditional soil, providing a suitable growth environment for seedlings. By scientifically proportioning and optimizing the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the substrate, seedling efficiency and seedling quality can be improved. Lithium mica slag is an industrial waste product after lithium ore extraction. Traditional disposal methods include landfilling or dumping, which occupy land and pollute soil and groundwater. By preparing a substrate, the utilization rate of slag can be increased to 70%–80%, reducing landfill space required.

[0003] In related technologies, lepidolite slag often contains high concentrations of soluble salts. Directly preparing planting substrates can lead to root osmotic stress and even death in plants. Therefore, water washing and desalination are necessary to reduce the risk of substrate salt damage. Most existing planting substrate preparation equipment desalinates lepidolite slag by stirring. However, there is a salt crust on the surface of lepidolite slag. Desalination by stirring takes a long time, resulting in low efficiency in planting substrate preparation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide equipment and method for preparing lepidolite slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a device and method for preparing a planting substrate from lithium mica slag for agricultural cultivation, which solves the technical problem that existing planting substrate preparation equipment in related technologies has a long washing time during the desalination of lithium mica slag, resulting in low efficiency in the preparation of planting substrate.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the agricultural cultivation lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment provided by the present invention includes a washing tank, a washing mechanism and a bubble agitation mechanism;

[0007] The inner side of the elution tank is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft. The surface keyway of the rotating shaft is connected to two key blocks. The surface keyways of the two key blocks are connected to an elution cylinder. The inner wall of the elution cylinder is provided with six perforated baffles arranged in a ring array. The front side of the elution tank is fixedly provided with a mounting base. The top of the mounting base is provided with a drive motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0008] The bubble agitation mechanism includes a rotating disk fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft, a drive block threadedly connected to the inner side of the rotating disk, two compression cylinders fixed to the back of the elution tank, pistons slidably connected to the inner side of each of the two compression cylinders, supports slidably connected to the surfaces of each of the two pistons, an annular frame fixed to the opposite side of each of the two pistons, an air inlet pipe connected to the top of each of the two compression cylinders, and an air outlet pipe connected to the bottom of each of the two compression cylinders.

[0009] Preferably, the inner sides of the two key blocks are provided with keyways that cooperate with the rotating shaft, and the inner side of the elution cylinder is provided with keyways that cooperate with the key blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the front sides of the two supports are fixedly connected to the back side of the elution tank, the drive block is located inside the annular frame, and one-way valves are provided on the surfaces of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a screening mechanism is fixedly provided on the top of the elution tank. The screening mechanism includes four guide rods fixedly provided on the top of the elution tank. A screening frame is slidably connected to the surface of the four guide rods. A tension spring is sleeved on the surface of each of the four guide rods and at the bottom of the screening frame. The top of each of the four tension springs is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening frame. The bottom of each of the four tension springs is fixedly connected to the top of the elution tank. A collection hopper is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the elution tank.

[0012] Preferably, a drive mechanism is rotatably connected to the inner side of the hopper. The drive mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the inner side of the hopper. Three cams are fixed on the surface of the rotating rod and located on the inner side of the hopper. Pulleys are fixed at the front ends of the rotating rod and the rotating shaft. Belts are sleeved on the surfaces of the two pulleys.

[0013] Preferably, a feeding mechanism is fixedly provided on the top of the washing tank. The feeding mechanism includes two mounting brackets fixedly provided on the top of the washing tank. A bidirectional threaded screw is rotatably connected to one side of the two mounting brackets. A feeding hopper is threadedly connected to the surface of the bidirectional threaded screw. The four guide rods are divided into front and rear groups, and a slide rail is fixedly provided at the top of each group of guide rods. A sliding bracket is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two slide rails. The opposite side of the two sliding brackets is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper. A reciprocating motor for driving the bidirectional threaded screw to rotate is provided on the left side of the left mounting bracket.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the elution tank is rotatably connected to a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism including a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank, two gears are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft, two sets of teeth are fixedly provided on the surface of the elution cylinder, the two gears mesh with the two sets of teeth respectively, and a cleaning brush is fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft and on the side opposite to the two gears.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the elution tank is fixed with two protective plates, the surface of the elution tank is fixed with a support base, and the bottom of the support base is threaded with multiple support legs.

[0016] A method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Pretreatment of lepidolite tailings:

[0018] Crushing and sieving: Crush the lithium mica tailings to 80-120 mesh;

[0019] Water washing and desalination: Mix with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 (kg / L) and stir for 30 min, then centrifuge to remove soluble sulfates;

[0020] S2: Microwave-Low Acid Synergistic Detoxification:

[0021] Construction of acid leaching system: The pretreated tailings were mixed with 0.5 mol / L citric acid solution at a ratio of 1:3 (kg / L), the pH was adjusted to 4.5-5.5, 5% calcium chloride was added as an enhanced leaching agent, and the mixture was stirred to form a suspension;

[0022] Microwave-enhanced reaction: microwave power 600W, heating for 30 minutes, temperature controlled at 80-90℃;

[0023] S3. Solid-liquid separation and modification:

[0024] Centrifugal separation: Centrifuge the reaction mixture (3000 rpm, 10 min) and collect the solid filter residue;

[0025] Modification treatment: The filter residue is mixed with 5% wollastonite powder, dried until the moisture content is <5%, and ground until the specific surface area is ≥500m². 2 / kg, to obtain detoxified lithium slag powder;

[0026] S4, Organic-Inorganic Compound Fermentation:

[0027] Raw material ratio: a mixture of detoxified lithium slag powder (60%), straw (20%), poultry and livestock manure (15%), and lignite (5%);

[0028] Microbial agent addition: Inoculate with Clostridium thermophilum and cellulose-decomposing bacteria, with a bacterial concentration of 1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g;

[0029] Fermentation conditions: anaerobic environment, temperature 55-60℃, fermentation cycle 40 days, turning the pile every 5 days;

[0030] S5. Nutrient soil compounding and activation:

[0031] Compound ratio: fermentation products (70%), vermiculite (15%), biochar (10%), slow-release fertilizer (5%);

[0032] Activation treatment: Spray with 0.1% polyglutamic acid solution (PGA) and mature at room temperature for 7 days.

[0033] Compared with related technologies, the equipment and method for preparing lepidolite slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0034] Vermiculite and lepidolite slag are simultaneously added to the washing cylinder. The addition of vermiculite disrupts the arrangement of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the slag particles and enhancing the contact efficiency between the slag particles and the washing liquid. Furthermore, as the washing cylinder rotates, the vermiculite collides with the lepidolite slag particles, breaking down the salt crust on the slag surface and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts. Simultaneously, the rotation of the shaft drives the rotating disk and drive block to rotate, which in turn causes the annular frame to move the two pistons left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder into the washing tank. This creates dense small bubbles in the washing water. The turbulence and shear force generated by the bursting of these bubbles further break down the salt crust on the slag surface, thus shortening the washing time of the lepidolite slag and improving the preparation efficiency of the planting substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 The optimal structural schematic diagram provided for this invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rear view provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the elution tank.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elution mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the bubble wave mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the cross-sectional view of the compression cylinder.

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the state in which the rotating disk rotates, causing the ring frame to move the two pistons left and right.

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the screening mechanism and driving mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the filter box.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0048] 1. Elution tank;

[0049] 2. Washing and extracting mechanism; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Key block; 23. Washing and extracting cylinder; 24. Perforated baffle; 25. Mounting base; 26. Drive motor;

[0050] 3. Bubble blowing mechanism; 31. Rotary disc; 32. Drive block; 33. Compression cylinder; 34. Piston; 35. Support; 36. Ring frame; 37. Inlet pipe; 38. Outlet pipe;

[0051] 4. Screening mechanism; 41. Guide rod; 42. Screening frame; 43. Tension spring; 44. Collection hopper;

[0052] 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Rotating rod; 52. Cam; 53. Pulley; 54. Belt;

[0053] 6. Feeding mechanism; 61. Mounting bracket; 62. Double-ended threaded screw; 63. Feeding hopper; 64. Slide rail; 65. Sliding bracket; 66. Reciprocating motor;

[0054] 7. Cleaning mechanism; 71. Rotating shaft; 72. Gear; 73. Teeth; 74. Cleaning brush;

[0055] 8. Protective plate; 9. Support base; 10. Support leg.

[0056] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] This invention provides a device and method for preparing a planting substrate made from lithium mica slag for agricultural cultivation.

[0059] First embodiment:

[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 7 An agricultural cultivation substrate preparation device for lithium mica slag includes a washing tank 1, a washing mechanism 2, and a bubble agitation mechanism 3.

[0061] The inner side of the elution tank 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 21. The surface keyway of the rotating shaft 21 is connected to two key blocks 22. The surface keyways of the two key blocks 22 are connected to an elution cylinder 23. The inner wall of the elution cylinder 23 is provided with six perforated baffles 24 arranged in a ring. The front side of the elution tank 1 is fixedly provided with a mounting base 25. The top of the mounting base 25 is provided with a drive motor 26 for driving the rotating shaft 21 to rotate.

[0062] Please combine Figure 4 The lithium mica slag and vermiculite are fed into the washing drum 23, and then the drive motor 26 is started. The drive motor 26 rotates, which drives the rotating shaft 21 and the key block 22 to rotate. The key block 22 rotates, which in turn drives the washing drum 23 to rotate. Through the rotation of the washing drum 23, the lithium mica slag inside is washed and desalted.

[0063] Furthermore, the two key blocks 22 are moved to opposite sides on the surface of the rotating shaft 21, thereby canceling the connection between the key blocks 22 and the washing cylinder 23. At this time, when the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the washing cylinder 23 will not rotate with it.

[0064] Preferably, the addition of vermiculite will break the arrangement order of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lepidolite slag particles and enhancing the contact efficiency between the lepidolite slag particles and the washing liquid. Furthermore, when the washing drum 23 rotates, vermiculite will collide with the lepidolite slag particles, thereby breaking the salt crust on the slag surface and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts.

[0065] Preferably, the inner side of the washing cylinder 23 is provided with an opening door for the feeding and discharging of lithium mica tailings;

[0066] The bubble agitation mechanism 3 includes a rotating disk 31 fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft 21. A drive block 32 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the rotating disk 31. Two compression cylinders 33 are fixed to the back of the washing tank 1. Pistons 34 are slidably connected to the inner side of each of the two compression cylinders 33. A bracket 35 is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two pistons 34. An annular frame 36 is fixed to the opposite side of each of the two pistons 34. An air inlet pipe 37 is connected to the top of each of the two compression cylinders 33. An air outlet pipe 38 is connected to the bottom of each of the two compression cylinders 33.

[0067] Please combine Figure 7 When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, it will simultaneously drive the rotating disk 31 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating disk 31 will drive the drive block 32 to rotate. The rotation of the drive block 32 will drive the ring frame 36 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the ring frame 36 will drive the two pistons 34 to move left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder 33 into the gas outlet pipe 38, and then discharging the gas into the washing tank 1 through the gas outlet pipe 38. This will cause dense small bubbles to appear in the washing water. The turbulence and shear force generated by the bursting of the bubbles will cause secondary damage to the salt crust on the surface of the slag.

[0068] Preferably, the drive block 32 is twisted forward to disengage it from the inner side of the ring frame 36. At this time, when the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotating disk 31 to rotate, the ring frame 36 will not be displaced.

[0069] The inner sides of the two key blocks 22 are provided with keyways that cooperate with the rotating shaft 21, and the inner side of the washing cylinder 23 is provided with keyways that cooperate with the key blocks 22.

[0070] The front sides of the two supports 35 are fixedly connected to the back side of the washing tank 1, the drive block 32 is located inside the annular frame 36, and one-way valves are provided on the surfaces of the air inlet pipe 37 and the air outlet pipe 38.

[0071] Preferably, the surface of the air outlet pipe 38 is provided with small holes.

[0072] In this embodiment, unlike existing planting substrate preparation equipment, vermiculite and lepidolite slag are simultaneously added to the washing cylinder 23. The addition of vermiculite disrupts the arrangement of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lepidolite slag particles and enhancing the contact efficiency between the lepidolite slag particles and the washing liquid. Furthermore, when the washing cylinder 23 rotates, vermiculite collides with the lepidolite slag particles, thereby breaking down the salt crust on the slag surface and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts. Simultaneously, the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotating disk 31 and the drive block 32 to rotate, which in turn causes the annular frame 36 to drive the two pistons 34 to move left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder 33 into the washing tank 1. This causes dense small bubbles to appear in the washing water. Through the turbulence and shear force generated by the bursting of bubbles, the salt crust on the slag surface is broken down a second time, thereby shortening the washing time of the lepidolite slag and improving the preparation efficiency of the planting substrate.

[0073] Second embodiment:

[0074] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 The top of the washing tank 1 is fixedly provided with a screening mechanism 4. The screening mechanism 4 includes four guide rods 41 fixedly provided on the top of the washing tank 1. A screening frame 42 is slidably connected to the surface of the four guide rods 41. A tension spring 43 is sleeved on the surface of the four guide rods 41 and at the bottom of the screening frame 42. The top of the four tension springs 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening frame 42. The bottom of the four tension springs 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the washing tank 1. A collection hopper 44 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the washing tank 1.

[0075] The inner side of the hopper 44 is rotatably connected to a drive mechanism 5. The drive mechanism 5 includes a rotating rod 51 rotatably connected to the inner side of the hopper 44. Three cams 52 are fixed on the surface of the rotating rod 51 and located on the inner side of the hopper 44. Pulleys 53 are fixed on the front end of both the rotating rod 51 and the rotating shaft 21. Belts 54 are sleeved on the surfaces of the two pulleys 53.

[0076] Please combine Figure 8 and Figure 9 After the lepidolite slag is put into the screening frame 42, the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 will drive the bottom pulley 53 to rotate. The rotation of the bottom pulley 53 drives the top pulley 53 and the rotating rod 51 to rotate through the belt 54. The rotation of the rotating rod 51 drives the cam 52 to rotate, thereby causing the screening frame 42 to move up and down, thereby screening the lepidolite slag. The screened lepidolite slag finally slides into the washing cylinder 23 through the collection hopper 44.

[0077] In this embodiment, before the lepidolite slag is washed and desalted, the rotating shaft 21 drives the two pulleys 53 and the rotating rod 51 to rotate. The rotating rod 51 drives the cam 52 to rotate. With the cooperation of the tension spring 43, the screening frame 42 moves up and down, thereby screening the lepidolite slag and preventing large particles of lepidolite slag from falling into the washing cylinder 23. The lepidolite slag after screening has a larger surface area, which increases the contact area with the washing liquid, thereby shortening the washing time of the lepidolite slag.

[0078] Third embodiment:

[0079] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 The top of the washing tank 1 is fixedly provided with a feeding mechanism 6. The feeding mechanism 6 includes two mounting brackets 61 fixedly provided on the top of the washing tank 1. A bidirectional threaded screw 62 is rotatably connected to the opposite side of the two mounting brackets 61. A feeding hopper 63 is threadedly connected to the surface of the bidirectional threaded screw 62. The four guide rods 41 are divided into front and rear groups, and a slide rail 64 is fixedly provided at the top of each group of guide rods 41. A sliding bracket 65 is slidably connected to the surface of the two slide rails 64. The opposite side of the two sliding brackets 65 is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper 63. A reciprocating motor 66 for driving the bidirectional threaded screw 62 to rotate is provided on the left side of the left mounting bracket 61.

[0080] Please combine Figure 10 The reciprocating motor 66 is started, which drives the bidirectional threaded screw 62 to rotate. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 drives the feeding hopper 63 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 causes the two sliding supports 65 to slide left and right on the surface of the slide rail 64. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 evenly feeds the lithium mica slag onto the top of the screening frame 42, avoiding the accumulation of lithium mica slag during screening and thus improving the screening effect of lithium mica slag.

[0081] Preferably, the inner side of the hopper 63 is provided with a threaded groove that works in conjunction with the bidirectional threaded screw 62. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 can drive the hopper 63 to move back and forth.

[0082] The inner wall of the washing tank 1 is rotatably connected to a cleaning mechanism 7. The cleaning mechanism 7 includes a rotating shaft 71 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the washing tank 1. Two gears 72 are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 71. Two sets of teeth 73 are fixedly provided on the surface of the washing cylinder 23. The two gears 72 mesh with the two sets of teeth 73 respectively. A cleaning brush 74 is fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 71 and on the side opposite to the two gears 72.

[0083] Please combine Figure 11When the washing drum 23 rotates, it simultaneously drives two sets of teeth 73 to rotate. The rotation of the two sets of teeth 73 drives two gears 72 to rotate. The rotation of the two gears 72 drives the rotating shaft 71 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 71 drives the cleaning brush 74 to rotate, thereby cleaning the gaps on the surface of the washing drum 23, preventing lithium mica slag particles from clogging the washing drum 23, and improving the flow effect of the eluent.

[0084] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism 7 is arranged in two sets on the left and right sides, and the two cleaning brushes 74 rotate in opposite directions when working, so that the surface of the washing drum 23 can be cleaned from different directions.

[0085] The inner wall of the elution tank 1 is fixed with two protective plates 8, and the surface of the elution tank 1 is fixed with a support base 9. The bottom of the support base 9 is threadedly connected with multiple support legs 10.

[0086] In this embodiment, the bidirectional threaded screw 62 rotates to drive the feeding hopper 63 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 evenly feeds the lepidolite slag onto the top of the screening frame 42, preventing the lepidolite slag from accumulating during screening and thus improving the screening effect of the lepidolite slag. When the washing cylinder 23 washes the lepidolite slag with water, it drives the gear 72 to rotate through two sets of teeth 73. The gear 72 then drives the rotating shaft 71 and the cleaning brush 74 to rotate, cleaning the gaps on the surface of the washing cylinder 23, preventing the lepidolite slag particles from clogging the washing cylinder, and improving the flow effect of the washing liquid.

[0087] Fourth embodiment:

[0088] A method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Pretreatment of lepidolite tailings:

[0090] Crushing and sieving: Crush the lithium mica tailings to 80-120 mesh;

[0091] Water washing and desalination: Mix with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 (kg / L) and stir for 30 min, then centrifuge to remove soluble sulfates;

[0092] S2: Microwave-Low Acid Synergistic Detoxification:

[0093] Construction of acid leaching system: The pretreated tailings were mixed with 0.5 mol / L citric acid solution at a ratio of 1:3 (kg / L), the pH was adjusted to 4.5-5.5, 5% calcium chloride was added as an enhanced leaching agent, and the mixture was stirred to form a suspension;

[0094] Microwave-enhanced reaction: microwave power 600W, heating for 30 minutes, temperature controlled at 80-90℃;

[0095] Preferably, the microwave thermal effect accelerates ion diffusion, and calcium ions combine with thallium ions through electrostatic interaction to form an insoluble precipitate, with a removal rate ≥95%.

[0096] Function: Microwave thermal effect accelerates ion diffusion; calcium ions combine with thallium ions through electrostatic interaction to form an insoluble precipitate, with a removal rate ≥95%.

[0097] S3. Solid-liquid separation and modification:

[0098] Centrifugal separation: Centrifuge the reaction mixture (3000 rpm, 10 min) and collect the solid filter residue;

[0099] Modification treatment: The filter residue is mixed with 5% wollastonite powder, dried until the moisture content is <5%, and ground until the specific surface area is ≥500m². 2 / kg, to obtain detoxified lithium slag powder;

[0100] S4, Organic-Inorganic Compound Fermentation:

[0101] Raw material ratio: a mixture of detoxified lithium slag powder (60%), straw (20%), poultry and livestock manure (15%), and lignite (5%);

[0102] Microbial agent addition: Inoculate with Clostridium thermophilum and cellulose-decomposing bacteria, with a bacterial concentration of 1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g;

[0103] Fermentation conditions: anaerobic environment, temperature 55-60℃, fermentation cycle 40 days, turning the pile every 5 days;

[0104] S5. Nutrient soil compounding and activation:

[0105] Compound ratio: fermentation products (70%), vermiculite (15%), biochar (10%), slow-release fertilizer (5%);

[0106] Activation treatment: Spray with 0.1% polyglutamic acid solution (PGA) and mature at room temperature for 7 days;

[0107] Preferably, PGA promotes microbial colonization, biochar adsorbs residual heavy metals, and slow-release fertilizer (NPK + trace elements) provides long-lasting nutrition.

[0108] In this embodiment, unlike existing planting substrate preparation methods, this method employs microwave-assisted low-acid-calcium enhanced leaching: the microwave field accelerates the dissolution of heavy metal ions, and combined with calcium ion replacement reaction, achieves efficient removal of beryllium and thallium; directional fermentation with compound microbial agents: high-temperature anaerobic fermentation bacteria (such as Clostridium thermophilum and Bacillus) decompose organic waste and stabilize sulfur and alkali components in lithium slag; reconstruction of silicon-calcium groups: the SiO2, CaO and other components in lithium slag react with organic matter to generate humic acid-silicon-calcium composite colloid, which improves soil aggregate structure.

[0109] Please refer to the reference again. Figures 1 to 11 The working principle of the equipment and method for preparing lepidolite slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation provided by this invention is as follows:

[0110] Step S1: First, crush the lepidolite tailings to 80-120 mesh, then add them to the feeding hopper 63. Start the reciprocating motor 66. The rotation of the reciprocating motor 66 drives the bidirectional threaded screw 62 to rotate. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 drives the feeding hopper 63 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 causes the two sliding supports 65 to slide left and right on the surface of the slide rail 64. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 evenly feeds the lepidolite tailings onto the top of the screening frame 42.

[0111] Step S2: Disconnect the keyway connection between key block 22 and washing cylinder 23, and twist drive block 32 forward. Then start drive motor 26. Drive motor 26 rotates and drives shaft 21 to rotate. Shaft 21 rotates and drives bottom pulley 53 to rotate. Bottom pulley 53 rotates and drives top pulley 53 and rotating rod 51 to rotate via belt 54. Rotating rod 51 rotates and drives cam 52 to rotate, thereby moving screening frame 42 up and down to screen lithium mica slag. Screened lithium mica slag slides into washing cylinder 23 through collection hopper 44.

[0112] Step S3: Remove the belt 54 from the surface of the pulley 53, reset the key block 22 and the drive block 32, and add vermiculite into the washing cylinder 23 (the addition of vermiculite will break the arrangement order of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lepidolite slag and enhancing the contact efficiency between the lepidolite slag particles and the washing liquid). Then start the drive motor 26. The drive motor 26 rotates and drives the rotating shaft 21 and the key block 22 to rotate. The rotation of the key block 22 in turn drives the washing cylinder 23 to rotate. Through the rotation of the washing cylinder 23, the lepidolite slag inside is washed and desalted. When the washing cylinder 23 rotates, vermiculite will collide with the lepidolite slag particles, thereby breaking the salt crust on the surface of the slag.

[0113] In step S4, when the rotating shaft 21 rotates, it will simultaneously drive the rotating disk 31 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating disk 31 will drive the drive block 32 to rotate. The rotation of the drive block 32 will drive the ring frame 36 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the ring frame 36 will drive the two pistons 34 to move left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder 33 into the gas outlet pipe 38, and discharging the gas into the washing tank 1 through the gas outlet pipe 38. This will cause dense small bubbles to appear in the washing water. The turbulence and shear force generated by the bursting of the bubbles will cause secondary damage to the salt crust on the surface of the slag.

[0114] In step S5, when the washing drum 23 rotates, it will simultaneously drive two sets of teeth 73 to rotate. The rotation of the two sets of teeth 73 will drive two gears 72 to rotate. The rotation of the two gears 72 will drive the rotating shaft 71 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 71 will drive the cleaning brush 74 to rotate, thereby cleaning the gaps on the surface of the washing drum 23 and preventing lithium mica slag particles from clogging the washing drum 23.

[0115] Step S6: After completing the water washing and desalination of the lepidolite slag, the lepidolite slag is subjected to microwave-low acid synergistic detoxification, solid-liquid separation and modification, organic-inorganic compound fermentation and nutrient soil compounding and activation in sequence. Finally, the lepidolite slag is prepared into a planting substrate for seedling cultivation in agricultural planting.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a planting substrate made from lithium mica slag for agricultural cultivation, characterized in that, The preparation method is used in a lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment, and includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of lepidolite tailings: Crushing and sieving: Crush the lithium mica tailings to 80-120 mesh; Water washing and desalting: Mix with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 and stir for 30 minutes, then centrifuge to remove soluble sulfates; S2: Microwave-Low Acid Synergistic Detoxification: Construction of acid leaching system: The pretreated tailings were mixed with 0.5 mol / L citric acid solution at a ratio of 1:3, the pH was adjusted to 4.5-5.5, 5% calcium chloride was added as an enhanced leaching agent, and the mixture was stirred to form a suspension; Microwave-enhanced reaction: microwave power 600W, heating for 30 minutes, temperature controlled at 80-90℃; S3. Solid-liquid separation and modification: Centrifugal separation: Centrifuge the reaction mixture and collect the solid filter residue; Modification treatment: The filter residue is mixed with 5% wollastonite powder, dried until the moisture content is <5%, and ground until the specific surface area is ≥500m² / kg to obtain detoxified lithium residue powder; S4, Organic-Inorganic Compound Fermentation: Raw material ratio: 60% detoxified lithium slag powder, 20% straw, 15% poultry and livestock manure, and 5% lignite mixed together; Microbial agent addition: Inoculate with Clostridium thermophilum and cellulose-decomposing bacteria, with a bacterial concentration of 1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g; Fermentation conditions: anaerobic environment, temperature 55-60℃, fermentation cycle 40 days, turning the pile every 5 days; S5. Nutrient soil compounding and activation: Compound ratio: 70% fermentation products, 15% vermiculite, 10% biochar, and 5% slow-release fertilizer; Activation treatment: Spray with 0.1% polyglutamic acid solution and mature at room temperature for 7 days; The equipment for preparing lepidolite slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation includes a washing tank, a washing mechanism, and a bubble agitation mechanism; The inner side of the elution tank is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft. The surface keyway of the rotating shaft is connected to two key blocks. The surface keyways of the two key blocks are connected to an elution cylinder. The inner wall of the elution cylinder is provided with six perforated baffles arranged in a ring array. The front side of the elution tank is fixedly provided with a mounting base. The top of the mounting base is provided with a drive motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The bubble agitation mechanism includes a rotating disk fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft, a drive block threadedly connected to the inner side of the rotating disk, two compression cylinders fixed to the back of the washing tank, pistons slidably connected to the inner side of each of the two compression cylinders, supports slidably connected to the surfaces of each of the two pistons, an annular frame fixed to the opposite side of each of the two pistons, an air inlet pipe connected to the top of each of the two compression cylinders, and an air outlet pipe connected to the bottom of each of the two compression cylinders. Lithium mica slag and vermiculite are fed into the washing drum, and then the drive motor is started. The drive motor rotates, which drives the rotating shaft and the key block to rotate. The key block rotates, which in turn drives the washing drum to rotate. Through the rotation of the washing drum, the lithium mica slag inside is washed and desalted with the water given in the previous step. The addition of vermiculite will disrupt the arrangement of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lepidolite slag particles and enhancing the contact efficiency between the lepidolite slag particles and the washing liquid. Furthermore, when the washing drum rotates, the vermiculite will collide with the lepidolite slag particles, thereby breaking the salt crust on the slag surface and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts. The inner wall of the elution tank is rotatably connected to a cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank. Two gears are fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft, and two sets of teeth are fixed on the surface of the elution cylinder. The two gears mesh with the two sets of teeth respectively. A cleaning brush is fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft and on the side opposite to the two gears.

2. The method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sides of the two key blocks are provided with keyways that cooperate with the rotating shaft, and the inner side of the elution cylinder is provided with keyways that cooperate with the key blocks.

3. The method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front sides of the two supports are fixedly connected to the back side of the elution tank, the drive block is located inside the annular frame, and one-way valves are provided on the surfaces of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

4. The method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A screening mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the elution tank. The screening mechanism includes four guide rods fixedly installed on the top of the elution tank. A screening frame is slidably connected to the surface of the four guide rods. A tension spring is sleeved on the surface of each of the four guide rods and at the bottom of the screening frame. The top of each of the four tension springs is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening frame. The bottom of each of the four tension springs is fixedly connected to the top of the elution tank. A collection hopper is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the elution tank.

5. The method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner side of the hopper is rotatably connected to a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the inner side of the hopper. Three cams are fixed on the surface of the rotating rod and located on the inner side of the hopper. Pulleys are fixed at the front ends of the rotating rod and the rotating shaft. Belts are sleeved on the surfaces of the two pulleys.

6. The method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the washing tank is fixedly equipped with a feeding mechanism, which includes two mounting brackets fixedly mounted on the top of the washing tank. A bidirectional threaded screw is rotatably connected to the opposite side of the two mounting brackets. A feeding hopper is threadedly connected to the surface of the bidirectional threaded screw. The four guide rods are divided into front and rear groups, and a slide rail is fixedly mounted at the top of each group of guide rods. A sliding bracket is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two slide rails. The opposite side of the two sliding brackets is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper. A reciprocating motor for driving the bidirectional threaded screw to rotate is provided on the left side of the left mounting bracket.

7. The method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the elution tank is fixed with two protective plates, and the surface of the elution tank is fixed with a support base, the bottom of which is threaded with multiple support legs.

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