Fluid flux fixed monitoring device and method based on electric heating linkage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seabed exploration, in particular to a fluid flux fixed monitoring device and method based on electric heating linkage. The device comprises a connecting plate; the first measuring plate is arranged on one side of the connecting plate; the fixed emitter is arranged on the first measuring plate; the first fixed receiving unit is arranged on the first measuring plate; the second measuring plate is arranged on the other side of the connecting plate; the second fixed receiving unit is arranged on the second measuring plate; and the control bin is arranged below the connecting plate, and the control bin is in communication connection with the fixed emitter, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit. According to the invention, long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring can be carried out on the seabed, and the monitoring result is more accurate and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seabed exploration, and particularly to a fluid flux fixed monitoring device and method based on electro-thermal linkage. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, there are still a large number of un-explored oil and gas resources on the seabed. Existing seabed fluid flux monitoring means include sediment sampling and laboratory analysis, acoustic or seismic wave methods, and fiber optic sensing technology. However, sediment sampling and laboratory analysis will destroy the original state of the medium, and gas escape or phase change may occur during the sampling process. At the same time, the time cost is high, and real-time or long-term continuous monitoring cannot be achieved; the acoustic or seismic wave method is greatly affected by background noise, the data signal-to-noise ratio is low, and only a single medium can be monitored; the fiber optic sensing technology is complex in installation and maintenance, and special equipment is required for deep-sea deployment. In summary, existing seabed fluid flux monitoring means generally face problems such as difficulty in multi-phase discrimination, low spatio-temporal resolution, and insufficient long-term stability during the seabed exploration process, and long-term continuous monitoring cannot be carried out for the monitoring area to obtain accurate seabed fluid flux data.

[0003] In summary, the technical problems existing in related technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a fluid flux fixed monitoring device and method based on electro-thermal linkage, which can perform long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring on the seabed, and the monitoring results are more accurate and stable.

[0005] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present application proposes a fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage, including: A connecting plate; A first measurement plate, the first measurement plate is arranged on one side of the connecting plate; A fixed transmitter, the fixed transmitter is arranged on the first measurement plate; A first fixed receiving unit, the first fixed receiving unit is arranged on the first measurement plate; A second measurement plate, the second measurement plate is arranged on the other side of the connecting plate; A second fixed receiving unit, the second fixed receiving unit is arranged on the second measurement plate; A control cabin, the control cabin is arranged below the connecting plate, and the control cabin is communicatively connected with the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit; Among them, the fixed transmitter is used to emit electrothermal signals at a fixed position of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage, and the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are used to receive the electrothermal signals at the fixed position of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage.

[0006] In some embodiments, the fixed transmitter includes a fixed resistance heating rod, a fixed heat insulation plate, and a fixed emission electrode, and the fixed resistance heating rod and the fixed emission electrode are separated by the fixed heat insulation plate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first fixed receiving unit includes a first fixed receiver, a second fixed receiver, and a third fixed receiver; the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, and the third fixed receiver are respectively arranged in the corner regions of the first measurement plate; The second fixed receiving unit includes a fourth fixed receiver, a fifth fixed receiver, a sixth fixed receiver, and a seventh fixed receiver, and the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver are respectively arranged in the corner regions of the second measurement plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, the third fixed receiver, the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver respectively include a fixed temperature sensor and a fixed receiving electrode.

[0009] In some embodiments, the control chamber includes a circuit control chamber and a thermal circuit control chamber. The circuit control chamber is used to process the electrical signal data obtained by the fixed receiving electrode, and the thermal circuit control chamber is used to process the thermal signal data obtained by the fixed temperature sensor.

[0010] In some embodiments, lead blocks and lifting rings are arranged above the connecting plate. The lead blocks are used to counterweight the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux, and the lifting rings are used to move and lift the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux.

[0011] In some embodiments, a baffle is arranged below the control chamber, and the baffle is used to limit the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage and protect the control chamber.

[0012] To achieve the above object, on the other hand, an embodiment of the present application proposes a method for fixedly monitoring fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage, and the method includes the following steps: Determining that the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric-thermal linkage reaches the seabed surface and gradually inserting the first measuring plate and the second measuring plate into the seabed, the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit enter an initial state; Controlling the fixed transmitter to start, and controlling the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit to simultaneously receive the electric heat signal emitted by the fixed transmitter; Controlling the control chamber to analyze the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to a thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix; The discrete three-phase volume fraction matrices are integrated to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

[0013] In some embodiments, the controlling the control chamber analyzes the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to a thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix, including the following steps: The control compartment acquires the electrical signal data and the thermal signal data of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit; Analyzing the electrical signal data by an electrical method to obtain a regional resistance relationship; Analyzing the thermal signal data by a thermal method to obtain a temperature change relationship; The regional resistance relationship, the temperature change relationship and the constraint conditions are analyzed jointly to obtain the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix.

[0014] In some embodiments, integrating the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area includes the following steps: Obtaining receiving distances from the fixed transmitter to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit respectively; The discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix is ​​analyzed by the receiving distance and distance weighted average method to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

[0015] The embodiments of the present application at least include the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage. The fixed transmitter of the first measurement plate emits electrothermal signals, and the first fixed receiving unit of the first measurement plate and the second fixed receiving unit of the second measurement plate acquire the electrothermal signals in real time and transmit the electrothermal signals to the control chamber for data processing. The solid-liquid-gas three-phase volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area is calculated through the coupled mechanism and constraint conditions of the thermoelectric physical field. By performing fixed monitoring on the monitoring area at long-term different time intervals, the dynamic change process of the fluid flux in the monitoring area can be indirectly obtained, and long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring of the seabed area can be carried out, providing an effective technical means for deep-sea resource exploration, environmental monitoring and disaster warning. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fixed transmitter; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first measurement plate; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second measurement plate; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the fixed receiver; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the accessories of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of electrothermal signal reception; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux with a sliding structure added. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are only examples of devices and methods that are consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application.

[0018] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if", "when" as used herein may be interpreted as "when...", "while...", or "in response to determining".

[0019] The terms "at least one", "a plurality of", "each", "any one", etc. used in this application, at least one includes one, two or more than two, a plurality of includes two or more than two, each refers to each of the corresponding plurality, and any one refers to any one of the plurality.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage provided by an embodiment of this application, including: a connection plate 100, a first measurement plate 200, a fixed transmitter 210, a first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure), a second measurement plate 300, a second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure), and a control chamber 400. Among them, the first measurement plate 200 is arranged on one side of the connection plate 100, the fixed transmitter 210 and the first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the first measurement plate 200, the second measurement plate 300 is arranged on the other side of the connection plate 100, the second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the second measurement plate 300, the control chamber 400 is arranged below the connection plate 100, and the control chamber 400 is communicatively connected to the fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure), and the second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure). Among them, the fixed transmitter is used to transmit an electro-thermal signal at a fixed position of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage, and the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are used to receive the electro-thermal signal at a fixed position of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage.

[0022] Specifically, when the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is in operation, the first measuring plate 200 and the second measuring plate 300 are inserted into the area to be measured on the seabed, and the fixed transmitter 210 is controlled by the control cabin 400 to send out an electrothermal signal. The first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) and the second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) receive the sent out electrothermal signal and transmit the received electrothermal signal to the control cabin 400. The control cabin 400 processes the signal, and calculates the solid-liquid-gas three-phase volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area through the thermoelectric physical field coupling linkage mechanism and constraint conditions, and indirectly obtains the dynamic change process of the fluid flux in the monitoring area, thereby performing long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring of the seabed area.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 : is a schematic diagram of a fixed transmitter 210, which includes a fixed resistance heating rod 510, a fixed heat insulation board 520 and a fixed transmitting electrode 530. The fixed resistance heating rod 510 and the fixed transmitting electrode 530 are arranged inside the fixed transmitter 210. The fixed resistance heating rod 510 continuously and uniformly heats at rated power, and the fixed transmitting electrode 530 is a positive electrode and continuously transmits electrical signals. The fixed resistance heating rod 510 and the fixed transmitting electrode 530 are separated by a fixed heat insulation board 520 to prevent the fixed resistance heating rod 510 from heating up and affecting the transmission of electrical signals of the fixed transmitting electrode 530.

[0024] In some embodiments, in the first measurement board 200, the first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) includes a first fixed receiver 221, a second fixed receiver 222 and a third fixed receiver 223, and the fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222 and the third fixed receiver 223 are respectively arranged at four corner areas of the first measurement board 200, and the corner areas are located at the angle area where the four sides of the first measurement board 200 intersect. Among them, the fixed transmitter 210 is used to transmit the electrothermal signal at a fixed position.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first measurement board 200, Figure 3 2 shows a fixed transmitter 210, a first fixed receiver 221, a second fixed receiver 222 and a third fixed receiver 223 arranged on the first measuring board 200. The first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222 and the third fixed receiver 223 are respectively fixed on the first measuring board 200, and receive the electrothermal signal at a fixed position; the fixed transmitter 210 is fixed on the first measuring board 200, and also transmits the electrothermal signal at a fixed position.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the second measurement plate 300. Figure 4 The fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 provided on the second measurement plate 300 are shown. Among them, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 are respectively fixed in the four corner regions of the second measurement plate 300. The corner region is the included angle region where the four side edges of the second measurement plate 300 intersect. The fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 simultaneously receive the electrothermal signals emitted by the fixed transmitter 210.

[0027] As Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed receiver. The fixed receiver includes a fixed temperature sensor 610 and a fixed receiving electrode 620. Among them, the fixed temperature sensor 610 can measure and obtain the temperature change in real time; the fixed receiving electrode 620 is the negative electrode and can receive the electrical signal of the positive electrode in the fixed transmitter 210 in real time, and then form a current path. The first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 are all fixed receivers with the same settings, and all of them include a fixed temperature sensor 610 and a fixed receiving electrode 620.

[0028] As Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the accessories of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage. Figure 6The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is provided with a lead block 120 and a lifting ring 110 above the connecting plate 100. The lead block 120 is used to increase the counterweight when the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage sinks to the seabed, so as to reach the preset monitoring area. The lifting ring 110 is used for moving and transporting the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage. When moving and hoisting, the cable connected to the lifting ring 110 is connected by a carrier tool. Among them, the number of lead blocks 120 can be multiple, aiming to solve the problem of providing a suitable counterweight for the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage; the number of lifting rings 110 can be multiple, aiming to make the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage stable during the moving and hoisting process when the carrier tool transports the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage. A baffle 800 is arranged below the control chamber 400. The baffle 800 is used when the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is operating. The first measuring plate 200 and the second measuring plate 300 below the baffle 800 are inserted into the seabed area. The baffle 800 restricts the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage from further penetrating, so that the baffle 800 and the structure above the baffle 800 are above the seabed surface, providing a limiting effect when the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is operating, and also playing a role in protecting the control chamber 400.

[0029] In some embodiments, the control chamber 400 includes a circuit control chamber and a thermal control chamber. The circuit control chamber is used to process the data obtained by the fixed receiving electrode 620, and the thermal control chamber is used to process the data obtained by the fixed temperature sensor 610. Among them, the circuit control chamber and the thermal control chamber are arranged below the connecting plate 100 and above the baffle 800. In this space, the baffle 800 and the connecting plate 100 play a good role in protecting the circuit control chamber and the thermal control chamber. An ammeter is provided in the circuit control chamber, which can measure the current magnitude of each current path in real time. The circuit control chamber and the thermal control chamber can respectively receive and process electrical data and thermal data.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first measuring plate 200 and the second measuring plate 300 are symmetric about the central axis position of the connecting plate 100. The fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222 and the third fixed receiver 223 are symmetric about the central axis position of the first measuring plate 200. The fourth fixed receiver 311, the seventh fixed receiver 314, the fifth fixed receiver 312 and the sixth fixed receiver 313 are symmetric about the central axis position of the second measuring plate 300.

[0031] In some embodiments, a cable is connected to the sling 110 by a vehicle, and the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux fixed monitoring device is gradually lowered to the seabed surface. Under the weight ballast of the lead block 120, the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux fixed monitoring device is gradually inserted into the seabed until the baffle 800 is flush with the seabed surface. At this time, the fixed transmitter 210 on the first measurement plate 200 emits an electro-thermal signal, and the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 on the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 receive the electro-thermal signal in real time. Through the coupling mechanism and constraint conditions of the thermoelectric physical field, the solid-liquid-gas three-phase volume fractions in seven measurement directions can be calculated. Considering that the contribution rate of each measurement direction to the overall volume fraction is different, the overall volume fraction of this cuboid monitoring area can be calculated by using the distance weighting method.

[0032] In some embodiments, to make it easier for the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux fixed monitoring device to be inserted into the seabed until the baffle 800 is flush with the seabed surface, the lower ends of the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 are set to be conical with the tip facing downwards. When the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux fixed monitoring device contacts the seabed, due to the smaller contact area at the lower ends of the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300, under the influence of the gravity of the lead block 120, the pressure of the contact surface of the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 on the seabed surface gradually increases, making it more convenient to insert into the seabed.

[0033] In some embodiments, another electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux fixed monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps: determining that the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux fixed monitoring device reaches the seabed surface and gradually inserting the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 into the seabed, and the fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit enter the initial state; controlling the fixed transmitter 210 to start, and controlling the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit to receive the electro-thermal signal emitted by the fixed transmitter simultaneously; controlling the control bin to analyze the electro-thermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix; integrating the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix to obtain an overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area; and performing correlation analysis on the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area and the time period to obtain a fluid flux matrix of the monitoring area.

[0034] Specifically, basic assumptions are set before obtaining the three-phase volume fraction distribution. The basic assumptions are as follows: Assume that the three-phase composite medium measured by the device is a one-dimensional homogeneous medium, which is uniformly composed of a solid phase (such as sediment), a liquid phase (such as seawater), and a gas phase (such as methane) (this assumption satisfies the effective medium theory); Assume that the average volume fractions of the solid, liquid, and gas phases in the nth layer monitoring area are , , respectively; Assume that each calculation or measurement time is , and the time interval between two adjacent measurements is . A fixed voltage U is applied between the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit. Assume that the current measured by the series ammeter at the time is . At the same time, the resistance of the area in the x measurement direction at the time is . Among them, the x measurement direction represents the receiving direction corresponding to the fixed transmitter to the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, the third fixed receiver, the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, or the seventh fixed receiver; Through experimental calibration, the electrical conductivities of the solid, liquid, and gas phases are , , respectively (usually ≈0). Assume that the effective electrical conductivity of the three-phase composite medium is ; Through experimental calibration, the specific heat capacities of the solid, liquid, and gas phases are , , respectively, the densities are , , respectively, and the thermal conductivities are , , respectively. Assume that the effective specific heat capacity of the three-phase composite medium is , the effective density is , and the effective thermal conductivity is . Ignore external heat loss, environmental interference, and nonlinear effects.

[0035] Determine the constraint conditions according to the characteristics of the area to be measured. Specifically, the constraint conditions are as follows: In the monitoring area, the three-phase volume fractions satisfy the quantitative relationship: ; The average three-phase volume fractions satisfy the relationship: ; At the same time, in the x measurement direction of the monitoring area, the average three-phase volume fractions satisfy the following formula: . Among them, represents the volume fraction of the solid in the three phases, represents the three-phase volume fraction of the liquid, and represents the three-phase volume fraction of the gas.

[0036] Determine the seabed area that needs to be observed, and conduct preliminary experiments to calibrate the calculated parameters. Deploy a fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage in the seabed boundary layer, insert the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 into the seabed, and the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit enter the initial state.

[0037] The control chamber analyzes the electric and thermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix. The method includes the following steps: the control chamber 400 obtains the electric signal data and thermal signal data of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit; analyzes the electric signal data by an electrical method to obtain a regional resistance relationship; analyzes the thermal signal data by a thermal method to obtain a temperature change relationship; and jointly analyzes the regional resistance relationship, the temperature change relationship and the constraint conditions to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix.

[0038] Specifically, the circuit control compartment and the thermal circuit control compartment in the control compartment 400 respectively receive the electrical signal data and thermal signal data acquired by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit, that is, respectively receive the electrical signal data and thermal signal data acquired by the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313 and the seventh fixed receiver 314.

[0039] For the circuit control chamber, the electrical signal data is processed, that is, the electrical signal data is analyzed by electrical methods to obtain the regional resistance relationship. Specifically, the stable change of the monitoring regional resistance R is considered, the three-phase joint action is considered, and the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium is combined with the Bruggeman effective medium theory. and the volume fraction of the three phases in the xth measurement direction , , Satisfies the relationship: ; in, represents the volume fraction of the solid in the x-th measuring direction, represents the volume fraction of the liquid in the xth measuring direction, represents the volume fraction of gas in the xth measurement direction, represents the electrical conductivity of the solid, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the conductivity of the liquid, Represents the electrical conductivity of the gas.

[0040] Since gas is almost non-conductive, ≈0, the above formula can be simplified to: ; Among them, represents the volume fraction of the solid in the x - th measurement direction, represents the volume fraction of the liquid in the x - th measurement direction, represents the volume fraction of the gas in the x - th measurement direction, represents the conductivity of the solid, represents the effective conductivity of the three - phase composite medium, represents the conductivity of the liquid, represents the conductivity of the gas.

[0041] By solving the above equation, the effective conductivity of the three - phase composite medium can be obtained. Then, through the relationship between resistance and conductivity: ; Among them, represents the effective conductivity of the three - phase composite medium, L represents the length of the monitoring area, A represents the cross - sectional area of the monitoring area, and R represents the resistance.

[0042] Then the regional resistance in the x - th measurement direction can be calculated by the following formula: ; Among them, represents the regional resistance in the x - th measurement direction, represents the effective conductivity of the three - phase composite medium, represents the cross - sectional area of the monitoring area between the transmitting end (i.e., the fixed transmitter 210) and the receiving end (i.e., the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, or the seventh fixed receiver 314) in the x - th measurement direction, represents the distance length between the transmitting and receiving ends of the electrical signal data in the x - th measurement direction. Given that the length and width of the fluxmeter are both L and the height is h, then can be calculated as: ; ; ; ; .

[0043] Establish the functional relationship between the regional resistance and . Let be a function of , , For the function, there is: ; Among them, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the cross-sectional area of the monitoring area between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the x measurement direction, represents the distance length between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the electrical signal data in the x measurement direction.

[0044] Measure the regional resistance in the x measurement direction at the moment by the voltage-current method, , that is: ; Among them, represents the regional resistance in the x measurement direction at the moment, U represents voltage, represents the current at the moment.

[0045] In summary, by combining the above two equations, the relationship formula for the regional resistance can be obtained: .

[0046] Analyze the thermal signal data through thermal methods to obtain the temperature change relationship. Specifically, similar to the above electrical method, the Bruggeman effective medium theory can be used for the three-phase composite medium, and the effective thermal property parameters can be calculated respectively by the following formulas: Effective thermal conductivity: ; Among them, represents the effective thermal conductivity, represents the solid thermal conductivity, represents the liquid thermal conductivity, represents the gas thermal conductivity.

[0047] Effective specific heat capacity: ; Among them, represents the effective specific heat capacity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the solid specific heat capacity, represents the liquid specific heat capacity, represents the gas specific heat capacity.

[0048] Effective density: ; Among them, represents the effective density of the three-phase composite medium, represents the solid density, represents the liquid density, represents the gas density.

[0049] From the above effective thermal conductivity , effective specific heat capacity , and effective density , the thermal diffusivity is calculated as: ; where the thermal diffusivity represents the temperature propagation rate.

[0050] Suppose the rated power of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 in the monitoring area is P, and continuous and uniform heating is carried out. Then the heat Q generated during the heating time can be expressed as: ; From the one-dimensional transient heat conduction control equation: ; where d represents the distance along the heat transfer direction, and the total length of the device from the fixed resistance heating rod 510 to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit is , then d belongs to ; t represents the heating time in the heat transfer process, represents the symbol for partial derivative, T represents the temperature at the receiving end, and t represents the time interval.

[0051] Through Laplace transform or Green's function method, combined with the heat source conditions, the temperature field distribution along the axial direction of the x coordinate axis is obtained: ; where T(d, t) represents the temperature field distribution along the axial direction of the x coordinate axis, represents the initial temperature, A is the cross-sectional area in the heat transfer direction, Q represents the heat generated during the heating time, t represents the time interval, d represents the distance along the heat transfer direction, represents a constant.

[0052] Then from the above formula, the temperatures of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are , that is: ; where, represents the cross-sectional area in the x measurement direction, Q represents the heat generated during the heating time, t represents the time interval, represents a constant, represents the distance length between the electrical signal data transmitter and receiver in the x measurement direction.

[0053] Heating the times The moment of is , at this time the temperature of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 is , where the fixed resistance heating rod 510 is represented by a , and the fixed temperature sensor 610 is represented by . Then for the previous period of time (the m - 1th heating time), that is the moment, the temperature of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 is measured as , and the temperature of the fixed temperature sensor 610 is . Then the temperature change of the fixed temperature sensor 610 within time is ; where m represents the number of heating times, represents the receiving end (the fixed temperature sensor 610 with serial number x), represents the temperature received by the fixed temperature sensor 610 with serial number x during the m - 1th heating.

[0054] Let be a function of , then the dependent variable satisfies: ; In summary, by combining the above two equations, the temperature change relationship within the time interval can be obtained: ; By combining and analyzing the regional resistance relationship, temperature change relationship and constraint conditions, the three - phase volume fraction matrices of the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313 and the seventh fixed receiver 314 are obtained respectively, that is, the discrete three - phase volume fraction matrix. Specifically, it is known that the regional resistance in the x - measurement direction of the monitoring area at the moment is measured by the voltage - current method, and the temperature change between and is obtained from the thermal circuit control bin within the time interval . By combining the above three equations with the constraint conditions, we get: ; where represents the formula in the x - measurement direction of the monitoring area in the constraint conditions, represents the formula obtained by combining electrical methods, This represents the formula obtained by combining thermal methods.

[0055] From this we get Discrete matrix solution of the volume fraction of solid, liquid and gas phases in the monitoring area in the xth measurement direction at time: .

[0056] In some embodiments, the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix is ​​integrated to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area, including the following steps: obtaining the receiving distances from the fixed transmitter 210 to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit respectively; analyzing the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix by the receiving distance and distance weighted average method to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

[0057] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The diagram is a schematic diagram of receiving electrothermal signals. The overall area measured by the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage can be considered as a rectangular area. A fixed transmitter 210 is set at a vertex on the top horizontal plane of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage, that is, the transmitting end a' located at the origin of the coordinate axes x-axis, y-axis and z-axis, and seven fixed receivers are set at the other vertices on the same horizontal plane and the bottom horizontal plane of the device, namely, the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313 and the seventh fixed receiver 314, that is, the receiving end , receiving end , receiving end , receiving end , receiving end , receiving end and the receiving end Then according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method, we can calculate the distance from the transmitting end a' to the receiving end The solid, liquid and gas volume fraction matrix solutions in seven measurement directions (y values ​​are 1, 2, ...., 7) consider that the volume of the local monitoring area is different due to the different distances from the transmitter to the receiver in each measurement direction, which leads to different contributions to the overall volume fraction. The overall volume fraction is calculated by the distance weighted average method. Then the overall volume fraction matrix of the area monitored by the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage is It can be calculated by the following formula: ; in, is the straight-line distance from the transmitter to the y-th receiver. Given that the length and width of the flowmeter are both L and the height is h, then it can be calculated that: ; ; ; ; .

[0058] In some embodiments, after obtaining the three-phase volume fraction matrix of the overall monitoring area through the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage, multiplying it by the volume of the monitoring area to obtain the three-phase volume matrix of the monitoring area, and dividing the three-phase volume matrix of the monitoring area by the total monitoring time, the fluid flux obtained by the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage during this time period is obtained.

[0059] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device with a sliding structure added. Based on the above-mentioned fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage provided by the present application, a sliding transmitting unit, a first sliding receiving unit, and a second sliding receiving unit can also be set. Among them, the sliding transmitting unit is set on the first measuring plate, the first sliding receiving unit is also set on the first measuring plate, and the second sliding receiving unit is set on the second measuring plate; the control chamber is communicatively connected to the sliding transmitting unit, the first sliding receiving unit, and the second sliding receiving unit.

[0060] Specifically, the sliding transmitting unit includes a first slide rail and a sliding transmitter. The first slide rail is set on one side of the first measuring plate, and the sliding transmitter is connected to the first slide rail. The sliding transmitter includes a first slider, a first telescopic knot 710, a sliding resistance heating rod, a sliding heat insulation plate, and a sliding transmitting electrode. The sliding resistance heating rod and the sliding transmitting electrode are separated by the sliding heat insulation plate. One end of the first telescopic knot 710 is connected to the first slider, and the other end of the first telescopic knot 710 is connected to the sliding heat insulation plate, the sliding resistance heating rod, and the sliding transmitting electrode.

[0061] The first sliding receiving unit includes a second slide rail and a first sliding receiver; the second slide rail is set on one side of the first measuring plate, and the first sliding receiver is connected to the second slide rail; the second sliding receiving unit includes a third slide rail, a second sliding receiver, a fourth slide rail, and a third sliding receiver; the third slide rail is set on one side of the second measuring plate, the second sliding receiver is connected to the third slide rail, the fourth slide rail is set on the other side of the second measuring plate, and the third sliding receiver is connected to the fourth slide rail. The first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver respectively include a second slider, a second telescopic knot 720, a sliding temperature sensor, and a sliding receiving electrode. One end of the second telescopic knot 720 is connected to the second slider, and the other end of the second telescopic knot 720 is connected to the sliding temperature sensor and the sliding receiving electrode.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the device is operating, the cable is connected to the sling 110 through the carrier vehicle, and the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux sliding monitoring device is gradually lowered to the seabed surface. Under the weight ballast of the lead block 120, the electro-thermal linkage-based fluid flux sliding monitoring device is gradually inserted into the seabed until the baffle 800 is flush with the seabed surface. The sliding transmitter, the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver are initially located at the top of the slide rail. At the start of the measurement, they slide downward simultaneously and remain on the same horizontal plane in real time. When reaching the first layer, the sliding stops, and at the moment, the measurement of the target layer starts. After an interval of time, at the moment, the measurement stops. Among them, the sliding resistance heating rod in the sliding transmitter continuously heats evenly at the rated power. At the same time, a fixed voltage is applied between the sliding emission electrode and the sliding receiving electrode. According to the thermoelectric physical field coupling mechanism and constraint conditions, the three-phase volume fractions in the three measurement directions of the target layer, that is, the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver, can be calculated within the time. Furthermore, the average volume fraction distribution of the three phases of the first layer can be obtained. Then, the sliding transmitter, the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver continue to slide downward to the second layer simultaneously and measure the average volume fraction of the three phases of this layer. And so on. When sliding to the bottom end of the slide rail, the fine overall volume fraction distribution of n layers in the vertical direction can be obtained. The time used for the above measurement process is the measurement cycle , and then in another measurement cycle the sliding transmitter, the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver move from the bottom end to the top end and measure the fine overall volume fraction within this cycle. Through the data measured at these two moments, the The change in fluid flux within a certain period of time can be monitored continuously and dynamically for this area during subsequent measurement cycles. When a sudden change in the overall volume fraction is detected, such as the leakage of a submarine cold spring or when a more refined area of a certain layer needs to be measured, the first telescopic joints 710 and the second telescopic joints 720 of the sliding transmitter and the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver extend outwards, thereby reducing the area of the monitoring area of this layer, and further achieving fine measurement of a smaller area at any layer. During this process, the electrothermal signal emitted by the sliding transmitter is only received by the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver, and the third sliding receiver, and the reception of the electrothermal signal by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit is not affected. The first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 only receive the electrothermal signal of the fixed transmitter 210.

[0063] Those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0064] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0065] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and their appropriate combinations.

[0066] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily need to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0067] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after. "At least one (item) of the following" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item (s) or plural items (s). For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0068] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the above division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0069] In addition, in each embodiment of this application, each functional unit can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0070] The preferred embodiments of the embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the rights of the embodiments of this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the embodiments of this application shall be within the scope of the rights of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage, characterized in that, Comprising: Connection plate; First measurement plate, the first measurement plate being disposed on one side of the connection plate; Fixed transmitter, the fixed transmitter being disposed on the first measurement plate; First fixed receiving unit, the first fixed receiving unit being disposed on the first measurement plate; Second measurement plate, the second measurement plate being disposed on the other side of the connection plate; Second fixed receiving unit, the second fixed receiving unit being disposed on the second measurement plate; Control chamber, the control chamber being disposed below the connection plate, the control chamber being communicatively connected to the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit; Wherein, the fixed transmitter is configured to emit an electrothermal signal at a fixed position of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage, and the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are configured to receive the electrothermal signal at the fixed position of the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage.

2. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electro-thermal linkage according to claim 1, wherein The fixed transmitter includes a fixed resistance heating rod, a fixed heat insulation plate, and a fixed emission electrode, and the fixed resistance heating rod and the fixed emission electrode are separated by the fixed heat insulation plate.

3. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixed receiving unit includes a first fixed receiver, a second fixed receiver, and a third fixed receiver; the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, and the third fixed receiver are respectively disposed in the corner regions of the first measurement plate; The second fixed receiving unit includes a fourth fixed receiver, a fifth fixed receiver, a sixth fixed receiver, and a seventh fixed receiver, and the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver are respectively disposed in the corner regions of the second measurement plate.

4. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 3, characterized in that The first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, the third fixed receiver, the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver respectively include a fixed temperature sensor and a fixed receiving electrode.

5. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control chamber includes a circuit control chamber and a thermal circuit control chamber, the circuit control chamber being configured to process the electrical signal data acquired by the fixed receiving electrode, and the thermal circuit control chamber being configured to process the thermal signal data acquired by the fixed temperature sensor.

6. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 1, wherein, Above the connection plate, a lead block and a lifting ring are provided, the lead block being used for weighting the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux, and the lifting ring being used for moving and lifting the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux.

7. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the control chamber, a baffle is provided, the baffle being used for limiting the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage and protecting the control chamber.

8. A fluid flux fixed monitoring method based on electrothermal linkage, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Determine that the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage according to any one of claims 1-7 reaches the seabed surface and gradually inserts the first measurement plate and the second measurement plate into the seabed, and the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit enter the initial state; Control the start of the fixed transmitter, and control the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit to simultaneously receive the electrothermal signal emitted by the fixed transmitter; Control the control chamber to analyze the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix; Integrate the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

9. A fluid flux fixed monitoring method based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of controlling the control chamber to analyze the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix includes the following steps: The control chamber acquires the electrical signal data and the thermal signal data of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit; Analyze the electrical signal data by electrical methods to obtain the regional resistance relationship; Analyze the thermal signal data by thermal methods to obtain the temperature change relationship; Perform a combined analysis of the regional resistance relationship, the temperature change relationship, and the constraint conditions to obtain the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix.

10. A fluid flux fixed monitoring method based on electrothermal linkage according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of integrating the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area includes the following steps: Obtain the receiving distances from the fixed transmitter to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit respectively; Analyze the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix by the receiving distance and the distance weighted average method to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

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