Composite sound absorption and insulation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of noise treatment, and discloses a composite sound absorption and insulation device which comprises a cavity, a Fabry-Perot resonance structure, gradient structure sound absorption felt, two-dimensional dot matrix scatterer sound insulation rubber and a cover plate. An opening is formed in one side of the cavity, and the two-dimensional dot matrix scatterer sound insulation rubber, the gradient structure sound absorption felt, the Fabry-Perot resonance structure and the cover plate are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the cavity in the direction towards the opening. Wherein an opening is formed in the middle of the top of the cover plate; the Fabry-Perot resonance structure comprises a micro-perforated plate and a space coiling channel, and the micro-perforated plate is arranged right above an opening of the space coiling channel and penetrates through the cover plate to be matched with the opening of the cover plate, so that the cover plate covers the rest part of the space coiling channel; through the combination of a plurality of advanced sound absorption and insulation structures, the low-frequency noise of 100Hz and frequency multiplication of the transformer substation is effectively treated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of noise control, and particularly to a composite sound absorption and insulation device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the problem of low-frequency noise control of equipment such as transformers and reactors in the power grid field has always been the focus of the national grid's environmental protection work. With the increase of voltage levels and equipment capacities, the noise level has been continuously rising, and the pressure of substation noise exceeding the standard has been increasing. Especially in ultra-high voltage substations, ultra-high voltage reactors are arranged near the factory boundary, and high-efficiency noise reduction devices are required to block the propagation of noise.

[0003] According to the noise spectrum data, the noise frequency of ultra-high voltage reactors is mainly distributed on the 100Hz fundamental frequency and its multiples. Such low-frequency noise has a long wavelength, slow attenuation, strong penetration, and is difficult to control. In the existing technology, a noise reduction device formed by mineral wool + galvanized steel plate is usually used for the sound insulation of ultra-high voltage reactor noise, but this noise reduction device has poor low-frequency sound absorption performance, and it is also difficult to ensure the low-frequency sound insulation effect due to the limitation of the mass sound insulation law.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively control the low-frequency noise of 100Hz and its multiples in substations has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a composite sound absorption and insulation device to solve the problem of how to effectively control the low-frequency noise of 100Hz and its multiples in substations.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a composite sound absorption and insulation device, including a cavity, a Fabry-Perot resonance structure, a gradient structure sound absorption felt, a two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber, and a cover plate;

[0007] One side of the cavity is an opening, and the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber, the gradient structure sound absorption felt, the Fabry-Perot resonance structure, and the cover plate are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the cavity in the direction of the opening;

[0008] Wherein, a middle position at the top of the cover plate has an opening; the Fabry-Perot resonance structure includes a micro-perforated plate and a space coiled channel, the micro-perforated plate is arranged directly above the opening of the space coiled channel and passes through the cover plate to match the opening of the cover plate, so that the cover plate covers the rest of the space coiled channel.

[0009] As one of the preferred solutions, the cover plate is made of aluminum plate, fiberglass or galvanized steel plate, and the thickness of the cover plate is 0.3 - 0.5mm.

[0010] As one of the preferred solutions, the micro-perforated plate is an aluminum plate, the perforation rate of the micro-perforated plate is 1% - 3%, and the thickness of the micro-perforated plate is 0.3 - 0.5 mm.

[0011] As one of the preferred solutions, the number of coiled turns of the space coiled channel is 1 - 5 turns.

[0012] As one of the preferred solutions, the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt is prepared by needling after blending metal fibers and polymer fibers.

[0013] As one of the preferred solutions, the metal fibers are aluminum fibers, stainless steel fibers or copper fibers; the polymer fibers are polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers or aramid fibers; the blending ratio of the metal fibers to the polymer fibers is 1:3 - 1:9.

[0014] As one of the preferred solutions, the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt is formed by facing the low-density fiber cotton towards the sound source and stacking the high-density fiber cotton at the back side to form a density gradient structure with an overall thickness of 1 cm - 5 cm; the areal density of the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt is 1.7 g / cm 2 ~3.2 g / cm 2 .

[0015] As one of the preferred solutions, the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber comprises damping rubber and a plurality of long straight steel needles arranged according to a preset structure.

[0016] As one of the preferred solutions, the diameter of the steel needles is 1 mm - 3 mm, the distance between the steel needles is 2 mm - 10 mm, and the preset structure is a square, a triangle or a honeycomb shape.

[0017] As one of the preferred solutions, the damping rubber comprises nitrile rubber, butyl rubber or fluororubber.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are at least one of the following:

[0019] (1) The adoption of the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt can achieve targeted absorption of sounds in different frequency bands, especially the low-frequency noise of 100 Hz and its multiples; the Fabry-Perot resonance structure composed of the micro-perforated plate and the space coiled channel can further enhance the sound absorption effect. The micro-perforated plate can allow sounds to enter and interact with the air in the space coiled channel through the small holes thereon, thereby consuming the sound energy and improving the low-frequency absorption efficiency;

[0020] (2) The sound insulation rubber with two-dimensional lattice scatterers effectively blocks and scatters sound, reduces sound transmission, and thus provides excellent sound insulation effect. At the same time, the sealing design of the cavity and the cover plate ensures the sealing of the cavity, further improving the sound insulation performance.

[0021] (3) The sequential arrangement of each acoustic component enables sound to be gradually absorbed and scattered during propagation, improving the overall acoustic effect. Through the synergistic effect of multiple structures, efficient noise control is achieved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for the implementation manners will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of a composite sound absorption and insulation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of a composite sound absorption and insulation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic view of three different structures of a space coiled channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a sound insulation rubber with two-dimensional lattice scatterers provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic view of three preset structures of steel needles provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Reference Signs:

[0029] Among them, 1, micro-perforated plate; 2, cover plate; 3, space coiled channel; 4, gradient structure sound absorption felt; 5, sound insulation rubber with two-dimensional lattice scatterers; 6, cavity; 7, steel needle; 8, damping rubber. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", "third", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "up", "down" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not indicate or imply that the indicated system or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a composite sound absorption and insulation device, and its exploded view is as Figure 1 shown, and its structural view is as Figure 2 shown, including a cavity 6, a Fabry - Perot resonance structure, a gradient structure sound absorption felt 4, a two - dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5, and a cover plate 2;

[0035] One side of the cavity 6 is an opening, and in the direction of the opening from the bottom of the cavity 6, the two - dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5, the gradient structure sound absorption felt 4, the Fabry - Perot resonance structure, and the cover plate 2 are sequentially arranged;

[0036] Among them, a through hole is provided at the middle position of the top of the cover plate 2; the Fabry-Perot resonance structure includes a micro-perforated plate 1 and a spatially coiled channel 3, and the micro-perforated plate 1 is arranged directly above the through hole of the spatially coiled channel 3 and passes through the cover plate 2 to be adapted to the through hole of the cover plate 2, so that the cover plate 2 covers the remaining part of the spatially coiled channel 3.

[0037] Specifically, the present invention uses a Fabry-Perot resonance structure, a gradient-structured sound-absorbing felt 4, and a two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5 as acoustic element structures, enabling them to work together. Together with the cavity 6 and the cover plate 2, a composite sound-absorbing and sound-insulating device is formed. Through the impedance characteristics optimization of different material layers and the interface effect, efficient reflection and absorption of low-frequency noise are achieved, so as to effectively control the low-frequency noise of 100 Hz and its multiples in the substation.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the cavity 6 is a square box structure made of galvanized steel plate, and it is used as the outermost side of the composite sound-absorbing and sound-insulating device. One side of the cavity 6 is open for filling through the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5 from the opening. The thickness of the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5 is not less than the depth of the cavity 6. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 , which is the case where the thickness of the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5 is greater than the depth of the cavity 6. The dotted line therein is the edge demarcation line between the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5 and the cavity 6. In the present invention, the side of the cavity 6 far away from the opening side is used as the bottom. Then, the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5, the gradient-structured sound-absorbing felt 4, the Fabry-Perot resonance structure, and the cover plate 2 are sequentially arranged from the bottom of the cavity 6 towards the opening; among them, based on the effective blocking and scattering of sound by the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound-insulating rubber 5, the sound transmission is reduced, thereby providing excellent sound-insulating effect; through the characteristic that the gradient-structured sound-absorbing felt 4 can achieve good sound-absorbing effect at different frequencies, it realizes the targeted absorption of sounds in different frequency bands; the Fabry-Perot resonance structure adopting the micro-perforated plate 1 + spatially coiled channel 3 structure greatly extends the acoustic channel for noise propagation, and achieves a relatively perfect sound-absorbing effect on low-frequency noise according to the sound-absorbing law of a quarter wavelength; the present invention comprehensively improves the low-frequency noise reduction performance through the comprehensive series combination of multiple sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, and realizes the efficient reflection and absorption of low-frequency noise.

[0039] The Fabry-Perot resonance structure includes a micro-perforated plate 1 and a spatially coiled channel 3; among them, the micro-perforated plate 1 is an aluminum plate, its perforation rate is 1% - 3%, and its thickness is 0.3 - 0.5 mm; the number of coiled turns of the spatially coiled channel 3 is 1 - 5 turns. Schematic diagrams of three different structures of the spatially coiled channel 3 in the Fabry-Perot resonance structure are as Figure 3As shown, they are schematic diagrams of the spatial coiled channel 3 structure rotating 1, 2, and 3 circles respectively; the cover plate 2, as the other outer side of the composite sound absorption and insulation device that is farthest from the cavity 6, can be an aluminum plate, fiberglass reinforced plastic, or galvanized steel plate, with a thickness of 0.3 - 0.5 mm, and there is an opening at the middle position of its top, and the size and shape of this opening fit the micro-perforated plate holes; and the micro-perforated plate 1 is arranged directly above the opening of the spatial coiled channel 3 and passes through the cover plate 2 and is adapted to the opening of the cover plate 2 (that is, the micro-perforated plate 1 is connected in cooperation with the opening of the cover plate 2, which can be a transition fit or an interference fit, determined according to actual requirements), so that the cover plate 2 covers the rest of the spatial coiled channel 3.

[0040] In one embodiment, the composite sound absorption and insulation device can also be obtained through the following steps: using a square box structure made of galvanized steel plate as the outermost side of the device, this square box structure is a cavity 6 with one side open, taking the side of the cavity 6 far from the open side as the bottom, first putting the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5 from the bottom towards the open side direction, then laying the gradient structure sound absorption felt 4, and finally putting the Fabry - Perot resonance structure, covering the top of the device with a cover plate 2 with an opening in the middle, fixing the four sides of the device with perforated bolts, and the opening in the middle of the cover plate 2 is adapted to the micro-perforated plate holes in the Fabry - Perot resonance structure, so that the cover plate 2 covers the rest of the spatial coiled channel 3 except the part directly above the opening covered by the micro-perforated plate 1.

[0041] In addition, when connecting the three acoustic element structures, they can be arranged in a fitting manner, or can be bonded with damping rubber 8 or other adhesives or additives with sound insulation effects, and the specific connection method is not specifically limited here. At the same time, the cavity 6 is not limited to a square box structure, and can also be a cylindrical structure with an opening at the top or bottom, then the corresponding cover plate 2 and each acoustic element structure also need to be adjusted adaptively according to the structure of the cavity 6. And in another embodiment, the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5, the gradient structure sound absorption felt 4, and the Fabry - Perot resonance structure can also be used as fillers to be filled into the cavity 6 made of a square box structure of galvanized steel plate in sequence from the bottom to the opening direction of the cavity 6, and the opening of the square box structure is covered by the cover plate 2, so that the formed composite sound absorption and insulation device is a cube, and can also be a cylinder. And the connection relationships between the various structures of the device can adopt fitting, bonding, threaded connection, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0042] In one embodiment, the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt 4 is prepared by blending metal fibers and polymer fibers and then using a needling process; the metal fibers are aluminum fibers, stainless steel fibers or copper fibers; the polymer fibers are polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers or aramid fibers; the blending ratio of the metal fibers to the polymer fibers is 1:3 to 1:9; the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt 4 forms a density gradient structure with an overall thickness of 1 cm - 5 cm by facing the low-density fiber cotton towards the sound source and stacking the high-density fiber cotton at the rear side; the areal density of the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt 4 is 1.7 g / cm 2 ~3.2 g / cm 2 .

[0043] In the present invention, after blending metal fibers and polymer fibers at a ratio of 1:3 to 1:9, low-density fiber cotton (with a lower proportion of metal fibers, a higher porosity, and an areal density of about 1.7 - 2.0 g / cm 2 ) is selected as the near sound source side, and high-density fiber cotton (with the highest proportion of metal fibers and an areal density reaching 3.0 - 3.2 g / cm 2 , enhancing the structural support) is used as the far sound source side. Different density fiber layers are stacked in gradient order using a lapping machine, and the total thickness is controlled within 1 cm - 5 cm; then a multi-needle plate needling machine is used with a needling density of 100 - 300 needles / cm 2 , and the needling depth gradually increases layer by layer (from shallow needling in the low-density layer to deep needling in the high-density layer) to ensure firm entanglement between fiber layers. The needling direction can be alternating (vertical + inclined) to enhance the three-dimensional pore connectivity; finally, after surface finishing, a gradient structure sound-absorbing felt 4 is formed, which is conducive to sound waves entering the material interior and undergoing multiple reflections and scatterings between fiber layers with different densities, thereby more effectively consuming the sound wave energy and improving the sound absorption performance; moreover, the blended use of metal fibers and polymer fibers combines the high strength and rigidity of metal fibers and the flexibility and hygroscopicity of polymer fibers, contributing to enhancing the overall performance and durability of the sound-absorbing felt. It is processed by stacking sound-absorbing felts with different densities, and its acoustic impedance characteristics are optimized by changing the fiber ratio, thickness, and density gradient combination. At the same time, the introduction of metal fibers also has an additional damping effect on the propagation of sound waves, further enhancing the sound absorption effect.

[0044] In one embodiment, the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5 includes a damping rubber 8 and multiple long straight steel needles 7 arranged in a preset structure; the diameter of the steel needles 7 is 1 mm - 3 mm, the spacing between the steel needles 7 is 2 mm - 10 mm, and the preset structure is a square, a triangle or a honeycomb shape; the damping rubber 8 includes nitrile rubber, butyl rubber or fluororubber.

[0045] Among them, the structural schematic diagram of the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5 is as shown in Figure 4 shown, and the schematic diagrams of the three preset structures of the steel needles 7 are asFigure 5 As shown in the figure, the present invention selects long straight steel needles 7 with appropriate diameters (1 mm to 3 mm) and lengths (note that they are adapted to the cavity 6) for arrangement design according to a preset structure, and prepares an acrylic plate as the insertion substrate for the steel needles 7; then selects damping rubbers 8 such as nitrile rubber, butyl rubber or fluororubber as the main material, and prepares necessary additives (such as vulcanizing agents, accelerators, etc.), inserts the steel needles 7 into the acrylic plate according to the preset structure, and ensures that the spacing and arrangement of the steel needles 7 meet the design requirements; places the acrylic plate with the inserted steel needles 7 in a mold, adds raw rubber and additives, fills the rubber material into the mold through a compression molding process, and cures it. During the compression molding process, appropriate temperature and pressure conditions are controlled to ensure the full vulcanization and curing of the rubber material, and a two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber 5 is obtained.

[0046] In the present invention, by inserting multiple long straight steel needles 7 arranged according to a preset structure into the rubber, a two-dimensional lattice scatterer is formed to effectively scatter and reflect sound waves, reduce the transmission rate of sound waves in the rubber, and thus improve the sound insulation performance; moreover, the steel needles 7 have a high density and rigidity, which can effectively block the propagation of sound waves. At the same time, the spacing and arrangement of the steel needles 7 have also been carefully designed to maximize the scattering and reflection of sound waves; the damping rubber 8 has high internal damping characteristics, which can effectively absorb the vibration energy of sound waves and convert it into heat energy or other forms of energy and dissipate it; and the presence of the steel needles 7 in the rubber increases the rigidity and strength of the rubber, and also improves the damping performance of the rubber. When sound waves act on the sound insulation rubber, the interaction between the steel needles 7 and the rubber more effectively absorbs and dissipates the sound wave energy; the composite structure of the steel needles 7 + damping rubber 8 is adopted to enhance the scattering effect on the low-frequency noise transmitted to the rubber and optimize the low-frequency sound insulation performance.

[0047] According to the noise reduction scheme proposed by the present invention, the sound absorption and insulation performance tests are carried out on the noise reduction plates in Examples 1 to 3; among them, in Example 1: the cover plate is made of aluminum plate, fiberglass or galvanized steel plate with a thickness of 0.3 mm; the material of the micro-perforated plate is aluminum plate, the perforation rate is 1%, the thickness is 0.3 mm, and the number of winding turns of the space winding channel is 1 turn; in the gradient structure sound absorption felt, the metal fiber is aluminum fiber, the polymer fiber is polyester fiber, the blending ratio of the metal fiber to the polymer fiber is 1:3, the density of the low-density fiber cotton is 1.7 g / cm 2 , and the density of the high-density fiber cotton is 3.2 g / cm 2, the overall thickness of the density gradient structure is 1 cm; the diameter of the steel needles is 1 mm, the spacing between the steel needles is 10 mm, the lattice structure formed by the arrangement of the steel needles is square, and the damping rubber is nitrile rubber. Example 2: The cover plate is made of aluminum plate, fiberglass or galvanized steel plate, with a thickness of 0.4 mm; the material of the micro-perforated plate is aluminum plate, the perforation rate is 2%, the thickness is 0.4 mm, and the number of winding turns of the space winding channel is 3 turns; in the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt, the metal fiber is stainless steel fiber, the polymer fiber is polypropylene fiber, the blending ratio of the metal fiber to the polymer fiber is 1:5, and the density of the low-density fiber cotton is 2.0 g / cm 2 , and the density of the high-density fiber cotton is 2.8 g / cm 2 , the overall thickness of the density gradient structure is 3 cm; the diameter of the steel needles is 2 mm, the spacing between the steel needles is 5 mm, the lattice structure formed by the arrangement of the steel needles is triangular, and the damping rubber is butyl rubber. Example 3: The cover plate is made of aluminum plate, fiberglass or galvanized steel plate, with a thickness of 0.3 - 0.5 mm; the material of the micro-perforated plate is aluminum plate, the perforation rate is 3%, the thickness is 0.5 mm, and the number of winding turns of the space winding channel is 5 turns; in the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt, the metal fiber is copper fiber, the polymer fiber is aramid fiber, the blending ratio of the metal fiber to the polymer fiber is 1:9, and the density of the low-density fiber cotton is 2.4 g / cm 2 , and the density of the high-density fiber cotton is 3.0 g / cm 2 , the overall thickness of the density gradient structure is 5 cm; the diameter of the steel needles is 3 mm, the spacing between the steel needles is 3 mm, the lattice structure formed by the arrangement of the steel needles is honeycomb-shaped, and the damping rubber is fluororubber.

[0048] The test results of the sound absorption and insulation performance of Examples 1 - 3 at the substation boundary are shown in the following table:

[0049]

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, in view of the problem of how to effectively control the low-frequency noise of 100 Hz and its multiples in a substation, a composite sound absorption and insulation device is designed, which mainly includes a cover plate, a Fabry-Perot resonance structure, a gradient structure sound absorption felt, a two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber, and a steel plate cavity. Among them, the Fabry-Perot resonance structure is composed of a micro-perforated plate + a spatially coiled acoustic channel to achieve efficient absorption of 100 Hz low-frequency noise. The gradient structure sound absorption felt is made of a blend of metal fibers and polymer fibers, and is processed by needling technology to form sound absorption felts with different densities and stacked on each other. Its acoustic impedance characteristics are optimized by changing the fiber ratio, thickness, and density gradient combination. After a preset structure is formed by multiple metal rods, the two-dimensional lattice scatterer is prepared by molding and vulcanizing with damping rubber, and multiple scattering of the sound wave passing through the rubber is carried out to achieve good low-frequency sound insulation effect. Through the combination of multiple advanced sound absorption and insulation structures, the present invention forms a synergistic effect for different frequency bands (low frequency - resonance sound absorption of the Fabry-Perot resonance structure, medium frequency - gradient absorption of the gradient structure sound absorption felt, high frequency - scattering sound insulation of the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber), realizes broadband noise control, and is very suitable for low-frequency noise control of equipment such as transformers and reactors in the power grid field.

[0051] In summary, the present invention relates to the technical field of noise control, and discloses a composite sound absorption and insulation device, including a cavity, a Fabry-Perot resonance structure, a gradient structure sound absorption felt, a two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber, and a cover plate. One side of the cavity is an opening, and the two-dimensional lattice scatterer sound insulation rubber, the gradient structure sound absorption felt, the Fabry-Perot resonance structure, and the cover plate are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the cavity in the direction of the opening. Among them, there is an opening in the middle of the top of the cover plate. The Fabry-Perot resonance structure includes a micro-perforated plate and a spatially coiled channel. The micro-perforated plate is arranged directly above the opening of the spatially coiled channel and passes through the cover plate to match the opening of the cover plate, so that the cover plate covers the rest of the spatially coiled channel. Through the combination of multiple advanced sound absorption and insulation structures, the low-frequency noise of 100 Hz and its multiples in the substation can be effectively controlled.

[0052] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the parts that are the same or similar in each embodiment, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the corresponding part of the method embodiment for the relevant content. It should be noted that the above technical features of the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the above technical features in the embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0053] The above-described embodiments merely represent several preferred embodiments of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, several improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims described above.

Claims

1. A composite sound absorption and insulation device, characterized in that, It includes a cavity, a Fabry - Perot resonance structure, a gradient - structured sound - absorbing felt, a two - dimensional lattice scatterer sound - insulating rubber, and a cover plate; One side of the cavity is an opening. In the direction from the bottom of the cavity towards the opening, the two - dimensional lattice scatterer sound - insulating rubber, the gradient - structured sound - absorbing felt, the Fabry - Perot resonance structure, and the cover plate are sequentially arranged; Among them, there is an opening at the middle position of the top of the cover plate; the Fabry - Perot resonance structure includes a micro - perforated plate and a spatially coiled channel. The micro - perforated plate is arranged directly above the opening of the spatially coiled channel and passes through the cover plate to be adapted to the opening of the cover plate, so that the cover plate covers the rest of the spatially coiled channel.

2. The composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate is made of aluminum plate, fiberglass, or galvanized steel plate, and the thickness of the cover plate is 0.3 - 0.5 mm.

3. The composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that The micro - perforated plate is made of aluminum plate, the perforation rate of the micro - perforated plate is 1% - 3%, and the thickness of the micro - perforated plate is 0.3 - 0.5 mm.

4. A composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of coiled turns of the spatially coiled channel is 1 - 5 turns.

5. The composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 1, wherein The gradient - structured sound - absorbing felt is prepared by blending metal fibers and polymer fibers and then using a needling process.

6. The composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The metal fibers are aluminum fibers, stainless - steel fibers, or copper fibers; the polymer fibers are polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, or aramid fibers; the blending ratio of the metal fibers to the polymer fibers is 1:3 - 1:

9.

7. The composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gradient structure sound-absorbing felt forms a density gradient structure with an overall thickness of 1 cm to 5 cm by facing the low-density fiber cotton towards the sound source and stacking the high-density fiber cotton at the rear side; the areal density of the gradient structure sound-absorbing felt is 1.7 g / cm 2 ~3.2 g / cm 2 .

8. A composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that The two - dimensional lattice scatterer sound - insulating rubber includes a damping rubber and multiple long - straight steel needles arranged in a preset structure.

9. The composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The diameter of the steel needles is 1 mm - 3 mm, the spacing between the steel needles is 2 mm - 10 mm, and the preset structure is square, triangular, or honeycomb - shaped.

10. A composite sound absorption and insulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The damping rubber includes nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, or fluororubber.

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