Bit flipping-based probabilistic shaping method, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a bit flipping-based probabilistic shaping method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original bit sequence and a first set; dividing the first set according to the amplitude type number to obtain a plurality of amplitude sequence groups; dividing the original bit sequence into a plurality of bit groups based on the plurality of amplitude sequence groups and a preset modulation order; determining flipping conditions of the plurality of bit groups according to the Gaussian-like distribution; and determining the output bit sequence according to the flipping condition of the plurality of bit groups, thereby further improving the transmission capacity and the bit error rate performance of the high-order modulation signal while keeping lower complexity, and providing a more efficient solution for a next-generation communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a probability shaping method based on bit flipping, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing technologies, the communication system's demand for high transmission capacity and spectral efficiency is increasing day by day. High-order coding modulation and multiplexing technologies have effectively improved the system's transmission capacity by increasing the symbol modulation order and symbol rate, becoming an important development direction of current communication technologies. Probabilistic shaping (PS) technology, as a means of optimizing high-order modulation formats, reshapes the input signal into a Gaussian-like distribution by changing the transmission probability of constellation points, thereby significantly improving the spectral utilization rate and making the system capacity closer to the Shannon limit. Compared with traditional uniformly distributed modulation (such as standard quadrature amplitude modulation), probabilistic shaping technology can not only improve the transmission capacity but also improve the sensitivity of the received signal to a certain extent. Due to its low system complexity and high performance advantages, it has received extensive attention in modern high-order coding modulation systems.

[0003] However, existing probabilistic shaping technologies still have some deficiencies in practical applications. On the one hand, some implementation schemes require the introduction of complex coding and decoding algorithms, resulting in a significant increase in the complexity of system design. Especially in high-order modulation formats, this complexity places higher requirements on hardware resources and computing capabilities. On the other hand, the performance gain of existing technologies is often relatively limited. Especially in terms of error performance optimization, it is difficult to make breakthroughs and cannot further approach the channel capacity without significantly increasing the system burden. In addition, when existing probabilistic shaping technologies process non-uniform probability distributions, they may sacrifice some transmission efficiency due to inflexible redundant designs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new probability shaping method that can further improve the transmission capacity and error performance of high-order modulation signals while maintaining low complexity, providing a more efficient solution for the next-generation communication system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a probability shaping method based on bit flipping, an electronic device, and a storage medium to solve the problems that existing probabilistic shaping technologies still have some deficiencies in practical applications, and realizes that while maintaining low complexity, it can further improve the transmission capacity and error performance of high-order modulation signals, providing a more efficient solution for the next-generation communication system.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a probability shaping method based on bit flipping, including:

[0007] Obtain an original bit sequence and a first set, where the first set is obtained after mapping according to an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal under a preset modulation order;

[0008] Divide the first set according to the number of amplitude types, where the number of amplitude types is determined according to the preset modulation order, to obtain a plurality of amplitude sequence groups, and each amplitude sequence group includes two symbols with opposite bits at corresponding positions;

[0009] Based on the plurality of amplitude sequence groups and the preset modulation order, divide the original bit sequence into a plurality of bit groups, where the bit groups correspond one-to-one to the amplitude sequence groups, and the symbols in each bit group are the same as the symbols in the corresponding amplitude sequence group;

[0010] Determine the flipping situation of the plurality of bit groups, where the flipping situation includes that all the plurality of bit groups are flipped, all the plurality of bit groups are not flipped, and the plurality of bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups;

[0011] Determine an output bit sequence according to the flipping situation of the plurality of bit groups.

[0012] In a possible design, the determining the output bit sequence according to the flipping situation of the plurality of bit groups includes:

[0013] When all the plurality of bit groups are flipped, perform a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain an output bit sequence;

[0014] When all the plurality of bit groups are not flipped, determine the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence;

[0015] When the plurality of bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, determine an output bit sequence according to a preset judgment rule.

[0016] In a possible design, the determining the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule includes:

[0017] When the total number of symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the total number of symbols in all the flipped bit groups, determine the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence;

[0018] When the total number of symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is less than the total number of symbols in all the flipped bit groups, perform a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain an output bit sequence.

[0019] In a possible design, the determining the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule includes:

[0020] For each bit group, determine a first proportion of the number of bits '1' or bits '0' in the symbols in the bit group to the total number of bits;

[0021] When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are non-flipping bit groups, determine the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence;

[0022] When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are flipping bit groups, perform a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0023] In a possible design, the determining the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule includes:

[0024] When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the non-flipping bit groups is greater than or equal to the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the flipping bit groups, determine the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence;

[0025] When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the non-flipping bit groups is less than the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the flipping bit groups, perform a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0026] In a possible design, the determining the flipping situations of the multiple bit groups includes:

[0027] For each bit group, when the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is greater than or equal to the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, determine the bit group as a non-flipping bit group;

[0028] When the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is less than the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, determine the bit group as a flipping bit group.

[0029] Through the method provided by the first aspect, an original bit sequence and a first set are obtained. The first set is obtained after mapping according to the amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal under a preset modulation order. According to the number of amplitude types, the first set is divided to obtain multiple amplitude sequence groups. The number of amplitude types is determined according to the preset modulation order. Each amplitude sequence group includes two symbols with opposite bits at corresponding positions. Based on the multiple amplitude sequence groups and the preset modulation order, the original bit sequence is divided into multiple bit groups, and the bit groups correspond to the amplitude sequence groups one by one. The symbols in each bit group are the same as the symbols in the corresponding amplitude sequence group. According to the Gaussian-like distribution, the flipping situations of the multiple bit groups are determined. The flipping situations include that all the multiple bit groups are flipped, all the multiple bit groups are not flipped, and among the multiple bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups. According to the flipping situations of the multiple bit groups, an output bit sequence is determined. Thus, on the basis of the PS technology, the PS technology based on grouped bit flipping can be used to combine channel coding with the PS technology. When ensuring that the length of the original bit sequence is large enough, the transmission capacity of high-order coded modulation format signals can be improved, the bit error performance can be improved, and the performance can be improved without additional complexity, providing a more efficient solution for the next-generation communication system.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present application provides a probability shaping device based on bit flipping, including: a module for executing the method in the first aspect and any possible design of the first aspect.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a processor, and when the processor executes a computer executable program or instruction in a memory, the probability shaping method based on bit flipping as described in the first aspect and any possible design of the first aspect is implemented.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer executable program or instruction is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer executable program or instruction, the probability shaping method based on bit flipping as described in the first aspect and any possible design of the first aspect is implemented.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer executable program or instruction is stored. When the computer executable program or instruction is executed by a processor, the probability shaping method based on bit flipping as described in the first aspect and any possible design of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application is implemented.

[0034] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present application, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specifically describes the embodiments of the present application. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a method for determining an output bit sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of a method for determining an output bit sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of a method for determining an output bit sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of a method for determining the flipping situation of multiple bit groups provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 9 It is a simulation schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a probability shaping device based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0047] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural item(s). For example, at least one of a alone, b alone, or c alone can represent: a alone, b alone, c alone, the combination of a and b, the combination of a and c, the combination of b and c, or the combination of a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] The orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0049] The terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" or "coupling" of a circuit structure can refer not only to a physical connection but also to an electrical connection or a signal connection. For example, it can be a direct connection, that is, a physical connection, or it can be indirectly connected through at least one intermediate element, as long as the circuit is connected. It can also be the internal connection of two elements; a signal connection can be made not only through a circuit for signal connection but also through a media medium for signal connection. For example, radio waves. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Exemplarily, this application provides a probability shaping method, device, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product based on bit flipping. By grouping, channel coding and PS are flexibly combined, which can improve the transmission capacity of high-order coded modulation format signals while ensuring that the length of the original bit sequence is large enough, and also improve the bit error performance. It can improve the performance without additional complexity.

[0051] Among them, the probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided in this application is executed by a computer device, or by a probability shaping device based on bit flipping in the computer device. The probability shaping device based on bit flipping can be implemented through the combination of software and / or hardware. For example, the probability shaping device based on bit flipping can be an application (APP), a web page, a public account, etc. For the sake of simplicity, the embodiments of this application are described by taking the execution of the probability shaping device based on bit flipping (hereinafter referred to as the probability shaping device) as an example.

[0052] Among them, the computer device can be a server, a desktop computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, etc.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0054] As Figure 1 shown, the method includes:

[0055] S101. The probability shaping device obtains an original bit sequence and a first set.

[0056] Among them, the first set is obtained by the probability shaping device after mapping according to the amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal under a preset modulation order.

[0057] Among them, the bit length of the original bit sequence is even, and the original bit sequence can be defined as b1b2……b k , where k is an integer greater than 0.

[0058] Among them, the preset modulation order is the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal, and the preset modulation order can be 4, 8, 16, 64, or 256, etc.

[0059] The QAM signal of the preset modulation order is divided into the ASK signals of the I channel and the Q channel. Considering the 2 m -ASK signal, the 2 m -ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7……, 2 m -The number of amplitude types of the ASK signal is P, and P is 2 m-1 .

[0060] For example, if both the I-channel ASK signal and the Q-channel ASK signal of 64QAM are 8-ASK signals, then 2 m is 8, the value of m is 3, P is 4, and the 8-ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7.

[0061] For 2 m -ASK signals, after mapping, the first set {S1, S2, S3... S P} is obtained, where S P ∈{0, 1}, S P is a symbol in the first set, and the number of symbols in the first set is the number of amplitude types P. The number of amplitude bits of S P is related to the preset modulation order. The number of amplitude bits represents the number of bits included in S P . For example, when the preset modulation order is 64, the corresponding number of amplitude bits is 2; when the preset modulation order is 256, the corresponding number of amplitude bits is 3.

[0062] Among them, the mapping method can adopt Gray mapping, etc.

[0063] For example, the 8-ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7. After the probability shaping device adopts Gray mapping, the first set obtained is {11, 10, 00, 01}. The number of amplitude types in the first set is 4, including 4 symbols, namely: 11, 10, 00, and 01. The number of amplitude bits is 2, that is, the number of bits included in each symbol is 2.

[0064] Based on this, the probability shaping device obtains the original bit sequence and the first set.

[0065] S102. The probability shaping device divides the first set according to the number of amplitude types to obtain multiple amplitude sequence groups.

[0066] Among them, the number of amplitude types is determined according to the preset modulation order. Each amplitude sequence group includes two symbols with opposite bits in corresponding positions.

[0067] As a feasible implementation method, the probability shaping device can divide the first set into half the number of amplitude sequence groups as the number of amplitude types.

[0068] The first set is {S1, S2, S3... S P}. Divided into P / 2 groups, the multiple amplitude sequence groups obtained include {C1, C2, C3... C P / 2}.

[0069] For example, the 8-ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7. After the probability shaping device adopts Gray mapping, the first set obtained is {11, 10, 00, 01}. The number of amplitude types in the first set is 4. Then the probability shaping device can divide the first set into 2 amplitude sequence groups, namely C1 {11, 00} and C2 {10, 01}.

[0070] S103. The probability shaping device divides the original bit sequence into multiple bit groups based on multiple amplitude sequence groups and a preset modulation order.

[0071] The probability shaping device divides the original bit sequence into a second set according to the preset modulation order. Considering the 2 m -ASK signal, every m - 1 bits in the original bit sequence can be divided into a group to obtain the second set.

[0072] For example, the original bit sequence is 1111010010, and the preset modulation order is 64, that is, the 8-ASK signal. Among them, m is 3. Then every m - 1 bits in the original bit sequence can be divided into a group, that is, every 2 bits are divided into a group. The obtained second set is {11, 11, 01, 00, 10}.

[0073] The probability shaping device then divides the second set into multiple bit groups according to multiple amplitude sequence groups.

[0074] Among them, the bit groups correspond one by one to the amplitude sequence groups, and the symbols in each bit group are the same as the symbols in the corresponding amplitude sequence group.

[0075] For example, multiple amplitude sequence groups include C1 {11, 00} and C2 {10, 01}, and the second set is {11, 11, 01, 00, 10}. Then multiple bit groups include the first group: 11, 11, 00; the second group: 01, 10. Among them, the first group corresponds to C1 {11, 00}, and the second group corresponds to C2 {10, 01}.

[0076] Based on this, the probability shaping device obtains multiple bit groups.

[0077] S104. The probability shaping device determines the flipping situation of multiple bit groups according to the Gaussian-like distribution.

[0078] For each bit group, the probability shaping device needs to determine the flipping situation according to the Gaussian-like distribution, so as to determine the flipping situation of multiple bit groups.

[0079] Among them, the flipping situation includes that multiple bit groups all flip, multiple bit groups all do not flip, and among multiple bit groups, there are bit groups that flip and bit groups that do not flip.

[0080] For example, multiple bit groups include a first group: 11, 11, 00; and a second group: 01, 10. The number of the symbol "11" in the first group is 2, and the number of the symbol "00" is 1. Since the number of the symbol "11" is greater than the number of the symbol "00", the Gaussian-like distribution is satisfied. Therefore, the first group does not need to be flipped, that is, the first group is a non-flipped bit group. The number of the symbol "01" in the second group is 1, and the number of the symbol "10" is 1. Since the number of the symbol "01" is equal to the number of the symbol "10", flipping does not affect whether the Gaussian-like distribution is satisfied. Therefore, the flipping situation of the second group does not need to be considered. Then, the probability shaping device can determine the flipping situation of multiple bit groups as: none of the multiple bit groups are flipped.

[0081] Based on this, the probability shaping device determines the flipping situation of multiple bit groups according to the Gaussian-like distribution.

[0082] S105. The probability shaping device determines an output bit sequence according to the flipping situation of multiple bit groups.

[0083] Since there are multiple situations for the flipping situation of multiple bit groups, based on this, for different situations, the probability shaping device can use different methods to determine the output bit sequence.

[0084] When all of the multiple bit groups are flipped, the probability shaping device performs a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain an output bit sequence.

[0085] When none of the multiple bit groups are flipped, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence.

[0086] When the multiple bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device determines the output bit sequence according to a preset judgment rule.

[0087] Among them, the probability shaping device can determine the preset judgment rule according to the number of symbols, the weights of bit "1" or bit "0" in each bit group, and the number of different symbols in the flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups. Thus, according to the preset judgment rule, the probability shaping device determines to determine the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence, or performs a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain an output bit sequence.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, an original bit sequence and a first set are obtained. The first set is obtained after mapping according to the amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal under a preset modulation order. According to the number of amplitude types, the first set is divided to obtain a plurality of amplitude sequence groups. The number of amplitude types is determined according to the preset modulation order. Each amplitude sequence group includes two symbols with opposite bits at corresponding positions. Based on the plurality of amplitude sequence groups and the preset modulation order, the original bit sequence is divided into a plurality of bit groups, and the bit groups correspond to the amplitude sequence groups one by one. The symbols in each bit group are the same as the symbols in the corresponding amplitude sequence group. According to the Gaussian-like distribution, the flipping situations of the plurality of bit groups are determined. The flipping situations include that all the bit groups are flipped, all the bit groups are not flipped, and among the plurality of bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups. According to the flipping situations of the plurality of bit groups, an output bit sequence is determined. Thus, on the basis of the PS technology, the PS technology based on grouped bit flipping can be used to combine channel coding with the PS technology. When the length of the original bit sequence is large enough, the transmission capacity of high-order coded modulation format signals can be improved, the bit error performance can be improved, and the performance can be improved without additional complexity, providing a more efficient solution for the next-generation communication system.

[0089] Based on the above exemplary description, the probability shaping device can determine the output bit sequence according to the following method.

[0090] Specifically, when all the bit groups are flipped, a flipping operation is performed on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0091] When all the bit groups are not flipped, the original bit sequence is determined as the output bit sequence.

[0092] When among the plurality of bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, the output bit sequence is determined according to a preset judgment rule.

[0093] Based on the above exemplary description, when among the plurality of bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device can determine the output bit sequence according to the following Figure 2 、 Figure 3 or Figure 4 shown method.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is a flowchart of a method for determining an output bit sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, the method includes:

[0095] S201. The probability shaping device determines whether the total number of symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the total number of symbols in all the flipped bit groups.

[0096] When the total number of symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the total number of symbols in all flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device executes S202; when the total number of symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is less than the total number of symbols in all flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device executes S203.

[0097] S202. The probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence.

[0098] S203. The probability shaping device performs a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is a flowchart of a method for determining an output bit sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, the method includes:

[0100] S301. For each bit group, the probability shaping device determines a first proportion of the number of bits '1' or bits '0' in the symbols in the bit group to the total number of bits.

[0101] S302. The probability shaping device determines whether the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are non-flipped bit groups.

[0102] When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are non-flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device executes S303. When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device executes S304.

[0103] S303. The probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence.

[0104] S304. The probability shaping device performs a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a flowchart of a method for determining an output bit sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the method includes:

[0106] S401. The probability shaping device determines whether the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all flipped bit groups.

[0107] When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device executes S402; when the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is less than the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device executes S403.

[0108] S402. The probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence.

[0109] S403. The probability shaping device performs a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0110] In Figures 2 to 4 the embodiment, the probability shaping device determines the flipping situation based on the number of symbols, the weights of bit "1" or bit "0" in each bit group, and the number of different symbols in the flipped and non-flipped bit groups, and then performs the corresponding flipping operation or outputs the original bit sequence to obtain the optimal probability distribution under the conditions, thereby improving the spectrum utilization rate and approaching the channel capacity of the communication system.

[0111] Based on the above exemplary description, the probability shaping device can determine the flipping situation of multiple bit groups according to the following Figure 5 shown method.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 which is a flowchart of a method for determining the flipping situation of multiple bit groups provided in an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 5 shown, the method includes:

[0113] S501. For each bit group, the probability shaping device determines whether the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is greater than or equal to the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group.

[0114] When the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is greater than or equal to the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, the probability shaping device executes S502; when the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is less than the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, the probability shaping device executes S503.

[0115] S502. The probability shaping device determines the bit group as a non-flipped bit group.

[0116] S503. The probability shaping device determines the bit group as a flipped bit group.

[0117] S504. The probability shaping device determines the flipping conditions of multiple bit groups based on the flipping conditions of each bit group.

[0118] If none of the bit groups in the multiple bit groups flip, the flipping condition of the multiple bit groups is: none of the multiple bit groups flip; if all of the bit groups in the multiple bit groups flip, the flipping condition of the multiple bit groups is: all of the multiple bit groups flip; if some of the bit groups in the multiple bit groups flip and some do not flip, the flipping condition of the multiple bit groups is: the multiple bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups.

[0119] Based on the above embodiments, hereinafter, a probability shaping method based on bit flipping will be described in conjunction with three specific examples.

[0120] Example 1: The preset modulation order is 64, and the original bit sequence is 1111010010.

[0121] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 , which is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0122] As Figure 6 shown, the method includes:

[0123] S601. The probability shaping device obtains the original bit sequence 1111010010. When the preset modulation order is 64, the 8-ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7. The first set obtained by the probability shaping device after Gray mapping is {11, 10, 00, 01}.

[0124] Among them, the number of amplitude types in the first set is 4, including 4 symbols, namely: 11, 10, 00, and 01. The number of amplitude bits is 2, that is, the number of bits included in each symbol is 2.

[0125] S602. The probability shaping device divides the first set {11, 10, 00, 01} into 2 amplitude sequence groups according to the number of amplitude types 4, namely C1{11, 00} and C2{10, 01}.

[0126] S603. The probability shaping device divides the original bit sequence 1111010010 into a second set {11, 11, 01, 00, 10} based on the preset modulation order 64. The probability shaping device divides the second set {11, 11, 01, 00, 10} into multiple bit groups based on C1{11, 00} and C2{10, 01}. The first group: 11, 11, 00; the second group: 01, 10.

[0127] Among them, the number of bits in the original bit sequence is 10. Since the number of amplitude bits is 2 when the preset modulation order is 64, the original bit sequence is divided into groups of 2 bits each.

[0128] S604. The probability shaping device determines that the number of symbols "11" in the first group is 2 and the number of symbols "00" is 1. Since the number of symbols "11" is greater than the number of symbols "00", it already satisfies the Gaussian-like distribution. Therefore, the first group does not need to be flipped, that is, the first group is a non-flipped bit group. The probability shaping device determines that the number of symbols "01" in the second group is 1 and the number of symbols "10" is 1. Since the number of symbols "10" is equal to the number of symbols "01", whether to flip does not affect whether the Gaussian-like distribution is satisfied. Therefore, the flipping situation of the second group does not need to be considered. Then the probability shaping device can determine the flipping situation of multiple bit groups as: none of the multiple bit groups are flipped.

[0129] S605. When none of the multiple bit groups are flipped, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 1111010010 as the output bit sequence 1111010010.

[0130] Example 2: Preset modulation order 64, original bit sequence 0010101010010011.

[0131] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0132] As Figure 7 shown, the method includes:

[0133] S701. The probability shaping device obtains the original bit sequence 0010101010010011. When the preset modulation order is 64, the 8-ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7. The first set obtained by the probability shaping device using Gray mapping is {11, 10, 00, 01}.

[0134] Among them, the number of amplitude types in the first set is 4, including 4 symbols, namely: 11, 10, 00, and 01. The number of amplitude bits is 2, that is, the number of bits included in each symbol is 2.

[0135] S702. The probability shaping device divides the first set {11, 10, 00, 01} into 2 amplitude sequence groups according to the number of amplitude types 4, namely C1 {11, 00} and C2 {10, 01}.

[0136] S703. Based on the preset modulation order of 64, the probability shaping device divides the original bit sequence 0010101010010011 into the second set {00, 10, 10, 10, 10, 01, 00, 11}. Based on C1 {11, 00} and C2 {10, 01}, the probability shaping device divides the second set {00, 10, 10, 10, 10, 01, 00, 11} into multiple bit groups. The first group: 00, 00, 11; the second group: 10, 10, 10, 10, 01.

[0137] Among them, the number of bits in the original bit sequence is 16. Since the number of amplitude bits is 2 when the preset modulation order is 64, the original bit sequence is divided into groups of 2 bits.

[0138] S704. The probability shaping device determines that the number of the symbol "11" in the first group is 1, and the number of the symbol "00" is 2. Then the number of the symbol "11" is less than the number of the symbol "00", which does not satisfy the Gaussian-like distribution. Therefore, the first group needs to be flipped, that is, the first group is the flipped bit group. The probability shaping device determines that the number of the symbol "10" in the second group is 4, and the number of the symbol "01" is 1. Then the number of the symbol "10" is greater than the number of the symbol "10", which satisfies the Gaussian-like distribution. Therefore, the second group does not need to be flipped, that is, the second group is the non-flipped bit group. Then the probability shaping device can determine the flipping situation of multiple bit groups as: multiple bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups.

[0139] S705. When multiple bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device determines the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule.

[0140] When using the Figure 2 shown method, the total number of symbols in all non-flipped bit groups, that is, the second group, is 5, and the total number of symbols in all flipped bit groups, that is, the first group, is 3. The second group > the first group. Therefore, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 0010101010010011 as the output bit sequence 0010101010010011.

[0141] When using the Figure 3 shown method, the preset ratio is 60%. The first proportion of bit "1" in the first group to the total number of bits is 33.3%, which is less than the preset ratio. Therefore, the flipping situation of the original bit sequence should satisfy the flipping situation of all non-flipped bit groups, that is, the second group. Therefore, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 0010101010010011 as the output bit sequence 0010101010010011.

[0142] When using the Figure 4When using the method shown, the sum of the differences between the number of "11" symbols and the number of "00" symbols in all the flipped bit groups, i.e., the first group, is 1, and the sum of the differences between the number of "10" symbols and the number of "01" symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups, i.e., the second group, is 3. Since the second group > the first group, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 0010101010010011 as the output bit sequence 0010101010010011.

[0143] Example 3: The preset modulation order is 256, and the original bit sequence is 011100001110111000000010100.

[0144] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 which is a flowchart of a probability shaping method based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0145] As Figure 8 shown, the method includes:

[0146] S801. The probability shaping device obtains the original bit sequence 011100001110111000000010100. When the preset modulation order is 256, the 16 - ASK signal is defined as: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15. The first set obtained by the probability shaping device after Gray mapping is {011, 010, 000, 001, 101, 100, 110, 111}.

[0147] Among them, the number of amplitude types in the first set is 8, including 8 symbols, namely: 011, 010, 000, 001, 101, 100, 110, and 111, and the number of amplitude bits is 3, that is, the number of bits included in each symbol is 3.

[0148] S802. The probability shaping device divides the first set {011, 010, 000, 001, 101, 100, 110, 111} into 4 amplitude sequence groups according to the number of amplitude types 8, namely C1{000, 111}, C2{011, 100}, C3{010, 101}, and C4{001, 110}.

[0149] S803. Based on the preset modulation order of 256, the probability shaping device divides the original bit sequence 011100001110111000000010100 into the second set {011, 100, 001, 110, 111, 000, 000, 010, 100}. Based on C1 {000, 111}, C2 {011, 100}, C3 {010, 101}, and C4 {001, 110}, the probability shaping device divides the second set {011, 100, 001, 110, 111, 000, 000, 010, 100} into multiple bit groups. The first group: 000, 000, 111; the second group: 011, 100, 100; the third group: 010; the fourth group: 001, 110.

[0150] Among them, the number of bits in the original bit sequence is 16. Since the number of amplitude bits is 3 when the preset modulation order is 256, the original bit sequence is divided into groups of 3 bits.

[0151] S804. The probability shaping device determines that the number of the symbol "111" in the first group is 1, and the number of the symbol "000" is 2. Then the number of the symbol "111" is less than the number of the symbol "000", satisfying the Gaussian-like distribution. Therefore, the first group does not need to be flipped, that is, the first group is a non-flipped bit group. Similarly, the third group is also a non-flipped bit group, the second group is a flipped bit group, and the fourth group is not considered. Then the probability shaping device can determine the flipping situation of multiple bit groups as: multiple bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups.

[0152] S805. When multiple bit groups include flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, the probability shaping device determines the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule.

[0153] When using the Figure 2 method shown, the total number of symbols in all non-flipped bit groups, that is, the first group and the third group, is 4, and the total number of symbols in all flipped bit groups, that is, the second group, is 3. All non-flipped bit groups, that is, the first group and the third group > all flipped bit groups, that is, the second group. Therefore, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 011100001110111000000010100 as the output bit sequence 011100001110111000000010100.

[0154] When using the Figure 3When using the method shown, the preset ratio is 60%. To meet the amplitude bit distribution of Gray mapping, it is determined according to whether the proportion of bit "0" is greater than the preset ratio. The first proportion of bit "0" in the total number of bits in all non-flipped bit groups, namely the first group and the third group, is 66.6%, which is greater than the preset ratio. Therefore, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 011100001110111000000010100 as the output bit sequence 011100001110111000000010100.

[0155] When using Figure 4 the method shown, the sum of the differences between the number of symbols "011" and the number of symbols "100" in all flipped bit groups, namely the second group, is 1. The sum of the differences between the number of symbols "000" and the number of symbols "111" in all non-flipped bit groups, namely the first group, which is 1, and the sum of the differences between the number of symbols "010" and the number of symbols "101" in the third group, which is 1, is 2. All non-flipped bit groups (the first group and the third group) > all flipped bit groups (the second group). Therefore, the probability shaping device determines the original bit sequence 0010101010010011 as the output bit sequence 0010101010010011.

[0156] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 which is a simulation schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 9 shown, Figure 9 shows the simulation results of simulation under 256QAM modulation and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Comparing the performance of not performing PS and performing PS based on the bit flipping-based probability shaping method provided by the present application at the same code rate, it can be seen that the method of the present application can bring obvious gain. By performing simulation tests at different bit lengths k of the original bit sequence, we obtain that the optimal shaping effect can be obtained when k = 30 at this time, which is about 0.3 dB better than the equiprobable condition of bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) when the block error rate (BLER) is 10 -3 . The simulation results show that when using the bit flipping method for PS under 256QAM modulation order, while meeting the low complexity, it can obtain better performance than the equiprobable condition.

[0157] Exemplarily, the present application provides a probability shaping device based on bit flipping.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10The structural schematic diagram of a probability shaping device based on bit flipping provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 10 shown, the probability shaping device based on bit flipping of the present application may include: an acquisition module 101, a first partitioning module 102, a second partitioning module 103, a first determination module 104, and a second determination module 105.

[0159] The acquisition module 101 is configured to acquire an original bit sequence and a first set, where the first set is obtained by mapping according to an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal under a preset modulation order;

[0160] The first partitioning module 102 is configured to partition the first set according to the number of amplitude types, where the number of amplitude types is determined according to a preset modulation order, and each amplitude sequence group includes two symbols with opposite bits at corresponding positions;

[0161] The second partitioning module 103 is configured to partition the original bit sequence into a plurality of bit groups based on the plurality of amplitude sequence groups and a preset modulation order, where the bit groups correspond to the amplitude sequence groups one by one, and the symbols in each bit group are the same as the symbols in the corresponding amplitude sequence group;

[0162] The first determination module 104 is configured to determine the flipping situation of the plurality of bit groups according to a Gaussian-like distribution, where the flipping situation includes that all the plurality of bit groups are flipped, all the plurality of bit groups are not flipped, and among the plurality of bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups;

[0163] The second determination module 105 is configured to determine an output bit sequence according to the flipping situation of the plurality of bit groups.

[0164] It should be noted that the probability shaping device based on bit flipping in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the technical solutions in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, which will not be elaborated here.

[0165] In some examples, the second determination module 105 is specifically configured to:

[0166] When all the plurality of bit groups are flipped, perform a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain an output bit sequence;

[0167] When all the plurality of bit groups are not flipped, determine the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence;

[0168] When among the plurality of bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, determine the output bit sequence according to a preset judgment rule.

[0169] In some examples, the second determination module 105 is specifically configured to:

[0170] When the total number of symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the total number of symbols in all flipped bit groups, the original bit sequence is determined as the output bit sequence;

[0171] When the total number of symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is less than the total number of symbols in all flipped bit groups, a flipping operation is performed on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0172] In some examples, the second determination module 105 is specifically configured to:

[0173] For each bit group, determine a first proportion of the number of bits '1' or bits '0' in the symbols in the bit group to the total number of bits;

[0174] When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are non-flipped bit groups, the original bit sequence is determined as the output bit sequence;

[0175] When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are flipped bit groups, a flipping operation is performed on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0176] In some examples, the second determination module 105 is specifically configured to:

[0177] When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all flipped bit groups, the original bit sequence is determined as the output bit sequence;

[0178] When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all non-flipped bit groups is less than the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all flipped bit groups, a flipping operation is performed on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

[0179] In some examples, the first determination module 104 is specifically configured to:

[0180] For each bit group, when the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is greater than or equal to the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, the bit group is determined as a non-flipped bit group;

[0181] When the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is less than the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, the bit group is determined as a flipped bit group.

[0182] Exemplarily, Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 11As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 201. When the processor 201 executes the computer-executable programs or instructions in the memory, the probability shaping method based on bit flipping shown in the embodiments of the present application is implemented. Figures 1 to 8 The probability shaping method based on bit flipping shown in the embodiments of the present application.

[0183] Exemplarily, Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 12 shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 301 and a memory 302. A computer program is stored in the memory 302. When the processor 301 executes the computer program, the probability shaping method based on bit flipping shown in the embodiments of the present application is implemented. Figures 1 to 8 The probability shaping method based on bit flipping shown in the embodiments of the present application.

[0184] Exemplarily, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor to cause the electronic device to execute, the methods in the foregoing embodiments are implemented.

[0185] Exemplarily, the present application provides a computer program product, including: execution instructions. The execution instructions are stored in a readable storage medium. At least one processor of the electronic device can read the execution instructions from the readable storage medium, and at least one processor executes the execution instructions to cause the electronic device to implement the methods in the foregoing embodiments.

[0186] In the above embodiments, all or part of the functions can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions according to the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that the computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more integrated available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0187] Those skilled in the art can understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments, the combination of features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of the present application and forms different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0188] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limiting it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A probability shaping method based on bit flipping, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtaining an original bit sequence and a first set, where the first set is obtained after mapping according to an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal under a preset modulation order; Dividing the first set according to the number of amplitude types, where the number of amplitude types is determined according to the preset modulation order, and each amplitude sequence group includes two symbols with opposite bits at corresponding positions; Based on the multiple amplitude sequence groups and the preset modulation order, dividing the original bit sequence into multiple bit groups, where the bit groups correspond one-to-one to the amplitude sequence groups, and the symbols in each bit group are the same as the symbols in the corresponding amplitude sequence group; Determining the flipping situation of the multiple bit groups, where the flipping situation includes that all the bit groups are flipped, all the bit groups are not flipped, and among the multiple bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups; Determining an output bit sequence according to the flipping situation of the multiple bit groups.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the output bit sequence according to the flipping situation of the multiple bit groups includes: When all the bit groups are flipped, performing a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence; When all the bit groups are not flipped, determining the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence; When among the multiple bit groups, there are flipped bit groups and non-flipped bit groups, determining the output bit sequence according to a preset judgment rule.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule includes: When the total number of symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the total number of symbols in all the flipped bit groups, determining the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence; When the total number of symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is less than the total number of symbols in all the flipped bit groups, performing a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determining the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule includes: For each bit group, determining a first proportion of the bit '1' or bit '0' in the symbols in the bit group to the total number of bits; When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are non-flipped bit groups, determining the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence; When the bit groups with the first proportion greater than the preset proportion are flipped bit groups, performing a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining the output bit sequence according to the preset judgment rule includes: When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is greater than or equal to the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the flipped bit groups, determining the original bit sequence as the output bit sequence; When the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the non-flipped bit groups is less than the sum of the differences in the number of two different symbols in all the flipped bit groups, performing a flipping operation on the original bit sequence to obtain the output bit sequence.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The determining the flipping situation of the multiple bit groups includes: For each bit group, when the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is greater than or equal to the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, determine the bit group as a non-flipping bit group; When the number of symbols close to the coordinate origin in the bit group is less than the number of symbols far from the coordinate origin in the bit group, determine the bit group as a flipping bit group.

7. A probability shaping device based on bit flipping, characterized in that, The apparatus includes: a module for performing the probability shaping method based on bit flipping according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising: A processor; The processor is configured to execute computer-executable programs or instructions in a memory, so that the electronic device executes the probability shaping method based on bit flipping according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising: At least one memory and at least one processor; The memory is configured to store computer-executable programs or instructions; The processor is configured to call the computer-executable programs or instructions in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the probability shaping method based on bit flipping according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable programs or instructions, and the computer-executable programs or instructions are configured to execute the probability shaping method based on bit flipping according to any one of claims 1-6.

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