Optimization Deployment Method of Distributed Sensor Networks Based on Boundary Constraints

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology and discloses a method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints. The method includes: dividing a tailings dam into several collection areas of equal area and placing a rain gauge thereon; acquiring the slope change value between each rain gauge and its adjacent gauges, determining whether an additional rain gauge is needed between two rain gauges, and calculating the required number of additional rain gauges based on the impact value; determining whether a reduction in rain gauges is needed based on the slope change value, and if so, reducing the number of rain gauges; acquiring the area of ​​the low-lying areas of the tailings dam, and determining whether to adjust the number of rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying areas and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying areas, and obtaining the number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted based on the area of ​​the low-lying areas. This invention not only improves the adaptability and flexibility of the monitoring network but also effectively reduces monitoring costs and improves monitoring efficiency through optimized deployment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a method for optimizing the deployment of distributed sensor networks based on boundary constraints. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings dams are crucial facilities used to store tailings during the mineral processing stage, and their safety is directly related to environmental protection and the safety of people's lives and property. Rainfall is one of the key factors affecting tailings dam safety, especially in valley-type tailings dams with complex terrain, where rainfall distribution exhibits significant spatial variability. Traditional single-point rainfall monitoring methods are insufficient to comprehensively reflect the rainfall distribution characteristics of the tailings dam area, resulting in large deviations in monitoring data and failing to provide a reliable basis for tailings dam safety management.

[0003] In recent years, distributed sensor network technology has been increasingly applied to rainfall monitoring. By deploying multiple sensor nodes, the spatial distribution of rainfall can be captured more comprehensively. However, in complex terrain environments, the location and density of sensor nodes have a significant impact on monitoring accuracy. In existing technologies, the deployment of sensor nodes largely relies on experience or simple rule-based divisions, lacking in-depth analysis of terrain features and rainfall distribution patterns. This results in large data biases, high costs, and low efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a boundary-constrained method for optimizing the deployment of distributed sensor networks to address the issues of low accuracy, poor real-time performance, and high cost in tailings dam rainfall monitoring in complex terrain environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for optimizing the deployment of distributed sensor networks based on boundary constraints, aiming to solve the problems of low accuracy, poor real-time performance and high cost of rainfall monitoring in tailings ponds under complex terrain environments.

[0006] This invention proposes a method for optimizing the deployment of distributed sensor networks based on boundary constraints, including:

[0007] The tailings dam is divided into several collection areas of equal size, and a rain gauge is placed at the center of each collection area.

[0008] Obtain the slope change value between each rain gauge and its adjacent rain gauges. Based on the slope change value, determine whether an additional rain gauge needs to be added between two rain gauges. If it is determined that an additional rain gauge needs to be added, obtain the straight-line distance between the two rain gauges. Calculate the impact value based on the straight-line distance and the slope change value. Calculate the number of rain gauges that need to be added based on the impact value.

[0009] If it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed, determine whether a rain gauge needs to be reduced based on the slope change value. If it is determined that a rain gauge needs to be reduced, then reduce the rain gauge.

[0010] Obtain the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam. Based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area, determine whether to adjust the number of rain gauges. If adjustment is required, determine the number of rain gauges to be adjusted based on the area of ​​the low-lying area, and redeploy the rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of dividing the tailings pond into several collection areas of equal area, and placing a rain gauge at the center of each collection area, includes:

[0012] Use geographic information systems or satellite maps to obtain the boundary range of the tailings dam area and determine the total area of ​​the tailings dam;

[0013] The number of collection areas is determined based on the total area.

[0014] The tailings pond area is divided into several collection areas of equal size using a regular grid partitioning method.

[0015] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the slope change value between each rain gauge and its adjacent rain gauges, and determining whether an additional rain gauge needs to be added between two rain gauges based on the slope change value, includes:

[0016] Pre-set a slope change threshold and calculate the absolute value of the slope change between two adjacent rain gauges;

[0017] If the absolute value of the slope change between two adjacent rain gauges is greater than or equal to the slope change threshold, it is determined that an additional rain gauge needs to be added between the two adjacent rain gauges.

[0018] If the absolute value of the slope change between two adjacent rain gauges is less than the slope change threshold, it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed between the two adjacent rain gauges.

[0019] Furthermore, when determining that an additional rain gauge is needed, obtaining the straight-line distance between the two rain gauges, and calculating the impact value based on the straight-line distance and the slope change value, includes:

[0020] The influence value is calculated using the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] In the above formula, S represents the influence value, ΔP represents the absolute value of the slope change, Py represents the slope change threshold, and Z represents the straight-line distance.

[0023] Furthermore, when calculating the required number of additional rain gauges based on the aforementioned impact value, the calculation includes:

[0024] Set a first influence value and a second influence value, where the first influence value is less than the second influence value;

[0025] If the impact value is less than the first impact value, then increase the number of rain gauges by a first number;

[0026] If the impact value is greater than or equal to the first impact value and less than or equal to the second impact value, then increase the number of rain gauges by a second quantity.

[0027] If the impact value is greater than the second impact value, then a third number of rain gauges are added;

[0028] Wherein, the first quantity is less than the second quantity, the second quantity is less than the third quantity, and the added rain gauges are evenly distributed between the two rain gauges before the addition.

[0029] Furthermore, if it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed, determining whether to reduce the number of rain gauges based on the slope change value includes:

[0030] A minimum slope change value is preset, wherein the minimum slope change value is less than the slope change threshold value;

[0031] If the absolute value of the slope change is greater than the minimum slope change, it is determined that there is no need to reduce the rain gauge.

[0032] If the absolute value of the slope change is less than or equal to the minimum slope change, it is determined that the rain gauge needs to be reduced.

[0033] Furthermore, the step of reducing the rain gauge if it is determined that it needs to be reduced includes:

[0034] Reduce the number of rain gauges between two adjacent rain gauges, and place the remaining rain gauge between the two rain gauges before the reduction.

[0035] Furthermore, when obtaining the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam, and determining whether to adjust the number of rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area, the process includes:

[0036] Pre-set the average area of ​​rain gauges in low-lying areas, and calculate the actual area corresponding to each rain gauge in the low-lying areas on average.

[0037] If the actual area is less than or equal to the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, then it is determined that the number of rain gauges does not need to be adjusted.

[0038] If the actual area is greater than the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, then it is determined that the number of rain gauges needs to be adjusted.

[0039] Furthermore, when determining that an adjustment is needed, and obtaining the number of rain gauges to be adjusted based on the area of ​​the low-lying area, the following steps are included:

[0040] The number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted can be calculated using the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] In the above formula, N represents the number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted, M represents the area of ​​the low-lying area, M1 represents the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, and N1 represents the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area.

[0043] If the number of rain gauges to be adjusted is a decimal, it is rounded up. The adjusted number of rain gauges is the sum of the number of rain gauges to be adjusted and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area.

[0044] Furthermore, the step of redeploying rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges includes:

[0045] The area of ​​the low-lying region is evenly divided into several low-lying sub-regions according to the adjusted number of rain gauges.

[0046] Place a rain gauge at the center of each low-lying sub-area.

[0047] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of tailings dam monitoring. First, by dividing the tailings dam into multiple equal-area collection zones and placing rain gauges at the center of each zone, the even distribution of monitoring points is ensured, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of data collection. Second, by acquiring the slope change values ​​between adjacent rain gauges and determining whether to add or remove rain gauges accordingly, this method can dynamically adjust the monitoring network to adapt to terrain changes, ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data. Furthermore, this method also considers the special characteristics of low-lying areas in tailings dams. By calculating the relationship between the area of ​​low-lying areas and the number of rain gauges, the layout of rain gauges is optimized, further improving the targeting and effectiveness of monitoring. Overall, the method of this embodiment not only improves the adaptability and flexibility of the monitoring network but also effectively reduces monitoring costs and improves monitoring efficiency through optimized deployment, providing strong technical support for the safety management of tailings dams. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints, including the following steps:

[0052] S100. Divide the tailings pond into several collection areas of equal area, and place a rain gauge at the center of each collection area;

[0053] S200. Obtain the slope change value between each rain gauge and its adjacent rain gauges. Determine whether an additional rain gauge is needed between two rain gauges based on the slope change value. If an additional rain gauge is needed, obtain the straight-line distance between the two rain gauges. Calculate the impact value based on the straight-line distance and the slope change value. Calculate the number of rain gauges that need to be added based on the impact value.

[0054] S300. If it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed, determine whether the rain gauge needs to be reduced based on the slope change value. If it is determined that the rain gauge needs to be reduced, then reduce the rain gauge.

[0055] S400. Obtain the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam. Based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area, determine whether to adjust the number of rain gauges. If it is determined that adjustment is needed, obtain the number of rain gauges to be adjusted based on the area of ​​the low-lying area, and redeploy the rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges.

[0056] Understandably, this invention significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of tailings dam monitoring. First, by dividing the tailings dam into multiple equal-area collection zones and placing rain gauges at the center of each zone, the even distribution of monitoring points is ensured, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of data collection. Second, by acquiring the slope change values ​​between adjacent rain gauges and determining whether to add or remove rain gauges accordingly, this method can dynamically adjust the monitoring network to adapt to terrain changes, ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data. Furthermore, this method considers the special characteristics of low-lying areas within the tailings dam, optimizing the rain gauge layout by calculating the relationship between the area of ​​low-lying areas and the number of rain gauges, further enhancing the targeting and effectiveness of monitoring. Overall, the method in this embodiment not only improves the adaptability and flexibility of the monitoring network but also effectively reduces monitoring costs and increases monitoring efficiency through optimized deployment, providing strong technical support for the safety management of tailings dams.

[0057] Specifically, by analyzing slope variations between adjacent rain gauges and dynamically adjusting the number of rain gauges, the spatial distribution differences in rainfall under complex terrain can be accurately reflected. Introducing influence value calculations, and comprehensively considering slope variations and straight-line distances, further optimizes the rain gauge deployment density, ensuring monitoring accuracy in highly variable areas. Furthermore, a special adjustment mechanism for low-lying areas effectively monitors rainfall in waterlogged areas, improving the safety of tailings ponds. This method not only improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of monitoring data but also reduces costs through optimized deployment strategies, demonstrating high practicality and scalability.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the tailings pond is divided into several collection areas of equal area, and a rain gauge is placed at the center of each collection area, including:

[0059] Use geographic information systems or satellite maps to obtain the boundary range of the tailings dam area and determine the total area of ​​the tailings dam;

[0060] The number of collection areas is determined based on the total area;

[0061] The tailings pond area was divided into several collection areas of equal size using a regular grid partitioning method.

[0062] It is understood that in some embodiments of this application, by using a geographic information system or satellite map to obtain the boundary range and total area of ​​the tailings dam, the scale and shape of the tailings dam can be accurately determined, thus providing accurate data support for subsequent planning. Secondly, determining the number of collection areas based on the total area ensures that each area is of consistent size, which helps achieve uniformity and comparability in data collection, making the monitoring results more accurate and reliable. Finally, using a regular grid division method to divide the tailings dam area into several collection areas of equal area not only simplifies the operation process but also ensures that the data monitored by each rain gauge has the same reference scale, facilitating data analysis and management decisions. Overall, this division method improves the efficiency and accuracy of tailings dam monitoring, helps to promptly identify potential risks, and ensures the safe operation of the tailings dam.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the slope change value between each rain gauge and an adjacent rain gauge is obtained, and a determination is made based on the slope change value whether an additional rain gauge needs to be added between two rain gauges, including:

[0064] Pre-set a slope change threshold and calculate the absolute value of the slope change between two adjacent rain gauges;

[0065] If the absolute value of the slope change between two adjacent rain gauges is greater than or equal to the slope change threshold, it is determined that an additional rain gauge needs to be added between the two adjacent rain gauges.

[0066] If the absolute value of the slope change between two adjacent rain gauges is less than the slope change threshold, it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed between the two adjacent rain gauges.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, if it is determined that an additional rain gauge is needed, the straight-line distance between the two rain gauges is obtained, and the impact value is calculated based on the straight-line distance and the slope change value, the following steps are included:

[0068] The impact value is calculated using the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] In the above formula, S represents the influence value, ΔP represents the absolute value of the slope change, Py represents the slope change threshold, and Z represents the straight-line distance.

[0071] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, by acquiring the slope change value between each rain gauge and its adjacent rain gauges, and based on these values ​​determining whether an additional rain gauge needs to be added between two existing rain gauges, the accuracy and efficiency of rainfall monitoring can be significantly improved. A pre-set slope change threshold serves as the judgment criterion, ensuring that monitoring points are added in areas with significant topographic changes, thereby capturing more detailed rainfall information, which is crucial for applications such as flood warning and water resource management. When the absolute value of the slope change value between two rain gauges is greater than or equal to the threshold, it indicates that the topography in that area is significantly different, and rainfall distribution may be uneven. Therefore, adding rain gauges can more accurately monitor rainfall and reduce monitoring blind spots. Conversely, if the absolute value of the slope change value is less than the threshold, it indicates that the topography is relatively stable, and the existing rain gauges are sufficient to provide adequate monitoring data, eliminating the need for additional equipment and saving resources. Furthermore, by calculating the impact value S, and combining it with the absolute value of the slope change value, the slope change threshold, and the straight-line distance between rain gauges, the necessity and potential impact of adding rain gauges can be quantitatively assessed, providing a scientific basis for decision-making. This approach not only improves the adaptability and flexibility of the monitoring network, but also helps to enhance the performance and reliability of the entire monitoring system by optimizing the layout of rain gauges.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, when calculating the number of rain gauges that need to be increased based on the impact value, the method includes:

[0073] Set a first influence value and a second influence value, where the first influence value is less than the second influence value;

[0074] If the impact value is less than the first impact value, then increase the number of rain gauges by the first quantity.

[0075] If the impact value is greater than or equal to the first impact value and less than or equal to the second impact value, then increase the number of rain gauges by a second quantity.

[0076] If the impact value is greater than the second impact value, then add a third number of rain gauges;

[0077] The first quantity is less than the second quantity, the second quantity is less than the third quantity, and the added rain gauges are evenly distributed between the two rain gauges that were added before.

[0078] Understandably, in some embodiments of this application, the number of rain gauges to be added is determined by setting different levels of impact values. This method can effectively adjust the density of the monitoring network according to actual needs. When the impact value is low, only a small number of rain gauges need to be added, which saves resources and avoids over-monitoring. When the impact value is at a medium level, a moderate number of rain gauges are added, which helps improve monitoring accuracy without wasting resources. When the impact value is high, adding more rain gauges ensures dense monitoring of key areas, thereby obtaining more accurate data. In addition, the newly added rain gauges are evenly distributed among the existing rain gauges, which helps improve the uniformity and overall efficiency of the monitoring network, ensuring data continuity and accuracy. Through this method, the rain monitoring network can be flexibly optimized according to actual conditions, improving monitoring efficiency and data quality.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, if it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed, determining whether to reduce the number of rain gauges based on the slope change value includes:

[0080] A minimum slope change value is preset, and this minimum slope change value is less than the slope change threshold.

[0081] If the absolute value of the slope change is greater than the minimum slope change, then it is determined that there is no need to reduce the rain gauge.

[0082] If the absolute value of the slope change is less than or equal to the minimum slope change, it is determined that the number of rain gauges needs to be reduced.

[0083] In some embodiments of this application, if it is determined that the rain gauge needs to be reduced, then reducing the rain gauge includes:

[0084] Reduce the number of rain gauges between two adjacent rain gauges, and place the remaining rain gauge between the two rain gauges before the reduction.

[0085] Understandably, in the embodiments of this application, by setting a minimum value smaller than the slope change threshold, the system can more precisely determine the impact of slope changes on the demand for rain gauges. When the absolute value of the slope change is greater than this minimum value, it indicates that the current distribution of rain gauges is sufficient to cope with slope changes, and therefore there is no need to reduce the number of rain gauges. This helps avoid excessive reduction in the number of rain gauges, thereby ensuring effective monitoring of rainfall in key areas. On the other hand, when the absolute value of the slope change is less than or equal to the minimum value, the system determines that a reduction in rain gauges is necessary. This helps reduce the number of unnecessary rain gauges, thereby saving costs and maintenance resources. In the process of reducing rain gauges, one of two adjacent rain gauges is selected for reduction, and the remaining rain gauges are redeployed in the middle position between the original two rain gauges. This ensures the continuity of monitoring points while reducing the number of devices, achieving the goal of optimized deployment. This strategy not only improves the efficiency of the monitoring system but also reduces operating costs, while ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data. It has important practical significance for the rational allocation of resources and the optimization of environmental monitoring.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, when obtaining the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam and determining whether to adjust the number of rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area, the process includes:

[0087] Pre-set the average area of ​​rain gauges in low-lying areas, and calculate the actual area corresponding to each rain gauge in the low-lying areas on average.

[0088] If the actual area is less than or equal to the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, then it is determined that the number of rain gauges does not need to be adjusted.

[0089] If the actual area is larger than the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, then it is determined that the number of rain gauges needs to be adjusted.

[0090] It is understood that in some embodiments of this application, by obtaining the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam and combining it with the total number of rain gauges in that area, it is possible to effectively determine whether the number of rain gauges needs to be adjusted. Specifically, this involves pre-setting an average area for rain gauges in the low-lying area, and then calculating the actual area corresponding to each rain gauge in the low-lying area. If the actual area is less than or equal to the average area, it indicates that the existing number of rain gauges is sufficient and no adjustment is needed; conversely, if the actual area is greater than the average area, it indicates that the number of rain gauges needs to be increased to ensure data accuracy and comprehensive monitoring. This method helps optimize the layout of the rainfall monitoring system, improves the efficiency and accuracy of data collection, and thus better manages and prevents potential environmental risks from tailings dams.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, if it is determined that an adjustment is needed, and the number of rain gauges to be adjusted is determined based on the area of ​​the low-lying area, the following steps are included:

[0092] The number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted can be calculated using the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] In the above formula, N represents the number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted, M represents the area of ​​the low-lying area, M1 represents the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, and N1 represents the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area.

[0095] If the number of rain gauges to be adjusted is a decimal, it will be rounded up. The adjusted number of rain gauges is the sum of the number of rain gauges to be adjusted and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area.

[0096] It is understood that in some embodiments of this application, the present invention ensures the accuracy and efficiency of rainfall monitoring because the adjusted number of rain gauges is calculated based on actual terrain features and the distribution of existing monitoring equipment. Furthermore, if the calculation result is a decimal, it is rounded up to ensure the integrity of the monitoring network and avoid monitoring blind spots due to insufficient numbers. Ultimately, the adjusted number of rain gauges is the sum of the number of rain gauges to be adjusted and the original total number. This takes into account the needs of new equipment while retaining existing monitoring points, ensuring the continuity and comparability of monitoring data.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, re-deploying rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges includes:

[0098] The area of ​​the low-lying region is divided into several low-lying sub-regions based on the adjusted number of rain gauges.

[0099] Place a rain gauge at the center of each low-lying sub-area.

[0100] It is understood that, in some embodiments of this application, more accurate rainfall monitoring can be achieved by redeploying rain gauges according to the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges. First, the area of ​​the low-lying region is evenly divided into several low-lying sub-regions according to the adjusted number of rain gauges. This ensures that each sub-region is of moderate size, facilitating management and monitoring. Then, a rain gauge is placed at the center of each low-lying sub-region. This helps improve the representativeness and accuracy of data collection, as the center location typically reflects the rainfall situation of the entire sub-region well. This deployment method not only optimizes resource utilization but also improves the efficiency and reliability of the monitoring network, thereby providing more accurate data support for meteorological analysis, flood warnings, and water resource management.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0102] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0104] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the deployment of distributed sensor networks based on boundary constraints, characterized in that, include: The tailings dam is divided into several collection areas of equal size, and a rain gauge is placed at the center of each collection area. The slope change value between each rain gauge and its adjacent rain gauges is obtained. Based on the slope change value, it is determined whether an additional rain gauge needs to be added between two rain gauges: a slope change threshold is preset, and the absolute value of the slope change value between two adjacent rain gauges is calculated; if the absolute value of the slope change value between two adjacent rain gauges is greater than or equal to the slope change threshold, it is determined that an additional rain gauge needs to be added between the two adjacent rain gauges; if the absolute value of the slope change value between two adjacent rain gauges is less than the slope change threshold, it is determined that an additional rain gauge does not need to be added between the two adjacent rain gauges. If it is determined that an additional rain gauge is needed, obtain the straight-line distance between the two rain gauges, and calculate the impact value based on the straight-line distance and the slope change value: In the above formula, S represents the influence value, ΔP represents the absolute value of the slope change, Py represents the slope change threshold, and Z represents the straight-line distance. The required number of rain gauges is calculated based on the impact value: a first impact value and a second impact value are set, where the first impact value is less than the second impact value; if the impact value is less than the first impact value, a first number of rain gauges are added; if the impact value is greater than or equal to the first impact value and less than or equal to the second impact value, a second number of rain gauges are added; if the impact value is greater than the second impact value, a third number of rain gauges are added; wherein, the first number is less than the second number, the second number is less than the third number, and the added rain gauges are evenly distributed between the two rain gauges that were added before. If it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed, determine whether a rain gauge needs to be reduced based on the slope change value. If it is determined that a rain gauge needs to be reduced, then reduce the rain gauge. Obtain the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam. Based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area, determine whether to adjust the number of rain gauges. If adjustment is required, determine the number of rain gauges to be adjusted based on the area of ​​the low-lying area, and redeploy the rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges.

2. The method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dividing the tailings pond into several collection zones of equal area, and placing a rain gauge at the center of each collection zone, includes: Use geographic information systems or satellite maps to obtain the boundary range of the tailings dam area and determine the total area of ​​the tailings dam; The number of collection areas is determined based on the total area. The tailings pond area is divided into several collection areas of equal size using a regular grid partitioning method.

3. The method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints according to claim 2, characterized in that, If it is determined that no additional rain gauge is needed, determining whether to reduce the number of rain gauges based on the slope change value includes: A minimum slope change value is preset, wherein the minimum slope change value is less than the slope change threshold value; If the absolute value of the slope change is greater than the minimum slope change, it is determined that there is no need to reduce the rain gauge. If the absolute value of the slope change is less than or equal to the minimum slope change, it is determined that the rain gauge needs to be reduced.

4. The method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints according to claim 3, characterized in that, If it is determined that the rain gauge needs to be reduced, then reducing the rain gauge includes: Reduce the number of rain gauges between two adjacent rain gauges, and place the remaining rain gauge between the two rain gauges before the reduction.

5. The method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints according to claim 4, characterized in that, When obtaining the area of ​​the low-lying area of ​​the tailings dam, and determining whether to adjust the number of rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area, the following steps are included: Pre-set the average area of ​​rain gauges in low-lying areas, and calculate the actual area corresponding to each rain gauge in the low-lying areas on average. If the actual area is less than or equal to the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, then it is determined that the number of rain gauges does not need to be adjusted. If the actual area is greater than the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, then it is determined that the number of rain gauges needs to be adjusted.

6. The method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints according to claim 5, characterized in that, When determining that adjustment is needed, and obtaining the number of rain gauges to be adjusted based on the area of ​​the low-lying area, the following steps are included: The number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted can be calculated using the following formula: In the above formula, N represents the number of rain gauges that need to be adjusted, M represents the area of ​​the low-lying area, M1 represents the average area of ​​the rain gauges in the low-lying area, and N1 represents the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area. If the number of rain gauges to be adjusted is a decimal, it is rounded up. The adjusted number of rain gauges is the sum of the number of rain gauges to be adjusted and the total number of rain gauges in the low-lying area.

7. The method for optimizing the deployment of a distributed sensor network based on boundary constraints according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of re-deploying rain gauges based on the area of ​​the low-lying area and the adjusted number of rain gauges includes: The area of ​​the low-lying region is evenly divided into several low-lying sub-regions according to the adjusted number of rain gauges. Place a rain gauge at the center of each low-lying sub-area.

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