Botanical attractant for cherry drosophila melanogaster as well as preparation method and

Abstract

The invention discloses a cherry drosophila melanogaster botanical attractant as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The plant source cherry fruit fly attractant is any one or more of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol and alpha-ionone. The application method comprises the following steps: dissolving the attractant in mineral oil or mixing the attractant with other attractants, then adding the mixture into a cherry fruit fly trap, hanging the trap in a field at the full-bloom stage of cherries, and hanging one trap for each cherry tree or every other cherry tree according to the occurrence condition of fruit flies until the cherries are picked. The cherry volatile matter capable of attracting the cherry drosophila melanogaster is independently used or matched with other food attractants to be used, and a good synergistic interaction effect is achieved. Compared with other cherry fruit fly attractants, the attractant composition or the attractant composition contains the smell of cherry as a host of the cherry fruit fly, can more effectively attract adult cherry fruit flies at all ages, and continuously kills the cherry fruit flies in the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cherry fruit flies are a general term for a class of fruit flies, which seriously damage high-economic-value soft-skinned fruits such as Chinese cherries, cherries, blueberries, strawberries, and grapes, mainly including Drosophila suzukii, Drosophila pulchrella, Drosophila subpulchrella, etc. Different from other saprophagous fruit flies with smaller ovipositors, female cherry fruit flies have a powerful and sharp ovipositor, which can pierce the epidermis of fruits in the mature color-changing period and freshly ripe fruits about to mature, and lay eggs inside. After the larvae hatch, they bore into the pulp, making the fruits lose their commercial value. In addition to damaging cherries, cherry fruit flies can also infect a variety of soft-skinned fruits, such as raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, peaches, mulberries, blueberries, and plums. When the climate conditions are suitable, the average number of eggs laid by a single female cherry fruit fly is about 400. The eggs hatch into adults after 2 weeks, and they have the characteristics of a short reproductive cycle and high fertility. Therefore, in addition to a large number of killings in the early stage of reproduction, long-term and continuous control must be carried out to control the population in the field. Frequent use of pesticides for control easily leads to the development of pest resistance and high pesticide residues in the field, which is not conducive to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an efficient, green and sustainable control technology for killing cherry fruit flies in the field to meet the needs of safe production and green prevention and control of fruit trees in production practice.

[0003] Insect trapping technology is a control method that combines tradition and innovation and is widely used in actual production. This technology mainly uses the biological characteristics and feeding behavior habits of insects to prepare attractants through synthetic or natural compounds, so as to induce pests to search for and ingest toxic substances, thereby achieving effective pest control. Compared with the traditional chemical pesticide control technology, insect trapping technology has several significant advantages, including reducing the negative impact on the ecological environment, reducing pesticide residues, and continuously killing pests.

[0004] Currently, the attractants developed for cherry fruit flies are mainly designed based on the physical and chemical characteristics of their preferred foods. These attractants have good attracting effects, but generally have poor specificity and short effective periods, which are not conducive to the long-term control of cherry fruit flies. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare attractants according to the unique biological characteristics of cherry fruit flies, such as their tropism to fresh fruits, to solve the problems of poor control effect and weak specificity of existing attractants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the problem of high environmental pollution caused by existing chemical control methods, and provides a plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies, its preparation method and application. According to the oviposition preference of cherry fruit flies for cherry fruits, the present invention screens substances with attracting activity, namely trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, from cherry volatiles through behavioral experiments. Moreover, trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone also have the effect of synergistically enhancing the efficacy of other attractants. The present invention uses the plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies in the field and indoors to achieve the purpose of attracting and killing a large number of cherry fruit flies and monitoring population dynamics. The plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies of the present invention has the advantages of being green and pollution-free, having good attracting effect, and being able to enhance the efficacy of existing attractants, etc., and can provide a new tool for the establishment of a green prevention and control system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution designed by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies, and the plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is any one or several of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone.

[0008] Further, the plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is any two of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, and the volume ratio of any two substances is 1:1 to 3.

[0009] Still further, the volume ratio of any two of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone is 1:1.

[0010] Still further, the plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone; wherein, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone is 1:1 to 3:1 to 3.

[0011] Still further, the plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone; wherein, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone is 1:1:1.

[0012] According to the actual situation, the above-mentioned plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies can be used alone, or used as a mother liquor and diluted with other organic solvents (such as mineral oil), or used as an adjuvant and mixed with other attractants.

[0013] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant in trapping fruit flies. The application method is as follows: dissolve the above-mentioned attractant in mineral oil or mix the above-mentioned attractant with other attractants, then add it into a cherry fruit fly trap. Hang the trap in the field during the full bloom period of cherries. According to the occurrence situation of fruit flies, hang one trap per cherry tree or every other cherry tree until the cherry picking is completed.

[0014] Preferably, the trap is a side-opening container with a transparent lid and a red lower part, and the size of its holes is 0.4 mm, and the holes are arranged in a 4x4 pattern.

[0015] In addition to being directly used, the above-mentioned cherry fruit fly attractant can also be made into agar blocks or spraying solutions according to the usage requirements.

[0016] The present invention also provides a dilution solution of a cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant. The dilution solution is prepared by dissolving the above-mentioned cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant in mineral oil. Among them, the volume ratio of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant to mineral oil is 1:100 - 10,000.

[0017] Furthermore, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is benzyl alcohol, the volume ratio of benzyl alcohol to mineral oil is 1:1000 - 10,000;

[0018] Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is trans-2-hexenal, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal to mineral oil is 1:1000;

[0019] Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is α-ionone, the volume ratio of α-ionone to mineral oil is 1:100 - 1000.

[0020] Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is any two of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, the volume ratio of any two substances to mineral oil is 1:1:1000;

[0021] Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is composed of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone to mineral oil is 1:1:1:1000.

[0022] The present invention also provides a fruit fly plant-derived attractant composition. The fruit fly plant-derived attractant composition is formed by mixing the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant as described in claim 1 with a sugar, wine, and vinegar solution / attractant solution A, and the volume ratio of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant to the sugar, wine, and vinegar solution / attractant solution A is 1:10,000.

[0023] Furthermore, the sugar, wine, and vinegar solution is prepared from brown sugar, wine, vinegar, and water in a ratio of 3 g:3 mL:3 mL:31 mL.

[0024] The attractant liquid A uses water as a solvent, and its active ingredients include ethanol, acetic acid, and acetoin. Among them, the volume fraction of ethanol is 7.2%, the volume fraction of acetic acid is 1.6%, and the mass fraction of acetoin is 1 / 1000.

[0025] Advantages of the present invention:

[0026] The present invention uses the cherry volatiles that can attract cherry fruit flies alone or in combination with other food attractants, showing good synergistic effects. Compared with other cherry fruit fly attractants, this attractant contains the smell of the host cherry of cherry fruit flies and can more effectively attract adult cherry fruit flies of all instars to continuously kill cherry fruit flies in the field. Description of the drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It shows the oviposition preference of Drosophila suzukii for different host fruits.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dual-choice device described in Example 2.

[0029] Figure 3 It is the attracting effect diagram of different concentrations of cherry volatiles on Drosophila suzukii.

[0030] In the figure, A is the experimental result diagram of males,

[0031] B is the experimental result diagram of females.

[0032] Figure 4 It is the attracting effect diagram of the mixture of cherry volatiles on Drosophila suzukii;

[0033] In the figure, mineral oil, E-2-hexenal (diluent 1), benzyl alcohol (diluent 2), α-ionone (diluent 3), E-2-hexenal + benzyl alcohol (diluent 4), E-2-hexenal + α-ionone (diluent 5), benzyl alcohol + α-ionone (diluent 6), E-2-hexenal + benzyl alcohol + α-ionone (diluent 7).

[0034] Figure 5 It is the attracting effect diagram of different concentrations of cherry volatiles combined with sugar, wine, and vinegar liquid;

[0035] In the figure, A is the comparison diagram of the number of trapped fruit flies between the treatment and the control,

[0036] Among them, trans-2-hexenal:sugar, wine, and vinegar liquid = 1:1000, 1:2000, and 1:10000 (fruit fly plant-derived attractant compositions 1 to 3);

[0037] Benzyl alcohol: sugar, wine and vinegar solution = 1:1000, 1:2000 and 1:10000 (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 4 - 6);

[0038] α-Ionone: sugar, wine and vinegar solution = 1:1000, 1:2000 and 1:10000 (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 7 - 9);

[0039] Figure B is a comparison chart of the synergistic effect of different compound mixtures on the sugar, wine and vinegar solution;

[0040] Among them, (E)-2-Hexenal + benzyl alcohol (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 10), (E)-2-Hexenal + α-ionone (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 11), benzyl alcohol + α-ionone (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 12), (E)-2-Hexenal + benzyl alcohol + α-ionone (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 13);

[0041] Figure 6 Figure is the result chart of the synergistic effect of different concentrations of cherry volatiles on attractant A;

[0042] In the figure, Figure A is a comparison chart of the number of Drosophila melanogaster trapped by treatment and control,

[0043] Among them, trans-2-Hexenal: attractant solution A = 1:1000, 1:2000 and 1:10000 (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 14 - 16);

[0044] Benzyl alcohol: attractant solution A = 1:1000, 1:2000 and 1:10000 (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 17 - 19);

[0045] α-Ionone: attractant solution A = 1:1000, 1:2000 and 1:10000 (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 20 - 22);

[0046] Figure B is a comparison chart of the synergistic effect of different compound mixtures on attractant A;

[0047] Among them, CK (7.2% ethanol + 1.6% acetic acid solution), attractant A (attractant A), (E)-2-Hexenal + benzyl alcohol (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 23), (E)-2-Hexenal + α-ionone (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 24), benzyl alcohol + α-ionone (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 25), (E)-2-Hexenal + benzyl alcohol + α-ionone (Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 26). Detailed implementation method

[0048] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments for those skilled in the art to understand.

[0049] Example 1 Experiment on the oviposition preference of Drosophila suzukii for different host fruits

[0050] Forty sexually mature female Drosophila suzukii were placed in an insect rearing cage (45 cm × 45 cm × 45 cm) for an oviposition selection experiment. The tested fruit species were all common hosts of Drosophila suzukii, namely blueberries, strawberries, cherries, raspberries, blackberries, and grapes. The fruits were purchased freshly and selected intact and undamaged ones for the experiment. They were rinsed with clean water and dried on toilet paper before use. 35 g - 40 g of each fruit was placed in each tested insect rearing cage, which was equivalent to 8 blueberries, 2 strawberries, 3 cherries, 3 raspberries, 2 blackberries, and 3 grapes.

[0051] All eight kinds of fruits were placed at the bottom edge of the insect rearing cage in an approximate regular octagon. After 1 day of the experiment, the fruits were taken out, and the number of Drosophila suzukii eggs on each fruit was counted under a stereomicroscope. The experiment was repeated 4 times.

[0052] The results were as Figure 1 shown. Drosophila suzukii preferred to lay eggs on cherry fruits the most, followed by strawberries, then blueberries, raspberries, and blackberries, and least preferred to lay eggs on grapes.

[0053] Example 2: Testing of attractant active substances in cherry volatiles

[0054] Some people have detected the volatiles of cherry fruits, and several cherry volatiles with the highest contents were selected from the results to test the attractant activity against Drosophila suzukii, including trans - 2 - hexenal (i.e., E - 2 - hexenal), benzyl alcohol, α - ionone, 2 - heptanone, benzaldehyde, leaf alcohol, etc.

[0055] Trans - 2 - hexenal, benzyl alcohol, α - ionone, 2 - heptanone, benzaldehyde, and leaf alcohol were respectively mixed evenly with mineral oil at volume ratios of 1:100, 1:1000, and 1:10000 for standby.

[0056] A self - made dual - choice device was used as the experimental container, as Figure 2 shown. The upper part of the device was the Drosophila activity area, which was a device composed of a disposable culture dish and a centrifuge tube. The lid of a disposable culture dish with a diameter of 9 cm was taken, and a hole with a diameter of 2 - 3 cm was made in the middle with an electric soldering iron. A 100 - mesh gauze was fixed and covered on the hole with hot melt adhesive. Two holes were made at both ends of the diagonal of the bottom of the culture dish with an electric soldering iron, and a 1.5 - mL centrifuge tube without a lid was fixed at the two holes at the bottom of the culture dish with hot melt adhesive. The lower part of the device was two glass tubes, each containing a 1.5 - mL centrifuge tube without a lid. One of the centrifuge tubes contained 200 μL of a mineral oil + volatile mixture solution, and the other only contained 200 μL of mineral oil as a control. During the experiment, the Drosophila were first placed in the upper part of the device to adapt for 1 h, and then the upper and lower parts of the device were combined for the experiment.

[0057] Before the experiment, Drosophila suzukii was starved for 12 h. 20 Drosophila suzukii of the same sex were placed in each device for the choice experiment, and each treatment was repeated 6 times. After 24 h, the number of Drosophila suzukii in each glass tube was counted and recorded.

[0058] The results are as Figure 3 shown: Figure 3 In A, benzyl alcohol at 1 / 10000 (p < 0.05), α-ionone at 1 / 1000 (p < 0.05), and trans-2-hexenal at 1 / 1000 (p < 0.05) all had significant attracting effects on male Drosophila suzukii, while trans-2-hexenal at a high concentration of 1 / 100 (p < 0.05) had a significant repellent effect on male Drosophila suzukii ( Figure 3 A).

[0059] Benzyl alcohol at 1 / 1000 (p < 0.05), α-ionone at 1 / 100 (p < 0.05) and 1 / 1000 (p < 0.05), and trans-2-hexenal at 1 / 1000 (p < 0.05) had significant attracting effects on female Drosophila suzukii, while benzyl alcohol at 1 / 100 (p < 0.05) had a significant repellent effect on female Drosophila suzukii ( Figure 3 B).

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A dilution of a plant-derived attractant for Drosophila cerasi 1 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and mineral oil at a volume ratio of 1:1000.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A dilution of a plant-derived attractant for Drosophila cerasi 2 is prepared by mixing benzyl alcohol and mineral oil at a volume ratio of 1:1000.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] A dilution of a plant-derived attractant for Drosophila cerasi 3 is prepared by mixing α-ionone and mineral oil at a volume ratio of 1:1000.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] A dilution of a plant-derived attractant for Drosophila cerasi 4 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and benzyl alcohol and mineral oil at a volume ratio of 1:1:1000.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] A dilution of a plant-derived attractant for Drosophila cerasi 5 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and α-ionone and mineral oil at a volume ratio of 1:1:1000.

[0070] Example 8

[0071] The dilution solution 6 of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is prepared by mixing benzyl alcohol, α-ionone and mineral oil in a volume ratio of 1:1:1000.

[0072] Example 9

[0073] The dilution solution 7 of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, α-ionone and mineral oil in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1000.

[0074] Testing of the trapping effect of the above different dilution solutions of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant on Drosophila suzukii

[0075] To explore the influence of dilution solutions 1-7 on the attracting effect, attracting experiments on male and female Drosophila suzukii were conducted with dilution solutions 1-7 respectively. The experiment was carried out in a 30*30*30 cm wire mesh cage. 50 male insects and 50 female insects were placed in each wire mesh cage, and 8 small bottles with 8 mm openings on the top were placed. The small bottles were placed in a regular octagon. The liquid addition amount of each small bottle was 600 μL, and ① mineral oil, ② dilution solution 1, ③ dilution solution 2, ④ dilution solution 3, ⑤ dilution solution 4, ⑥ dilution solution 5, ⑦ dilution solution 6, ⑧ dilution solution 7 were added respectively. After 24 hours of the experiment, the number of trapped fruit flies in each small bottle in each cage was counted, and the experiment was repeated 6 times.

[0076] As Figure 4 shown: Dilution solutions 1-7 are all more attractive than mineral oil. Among them, for the treatments of dilution solutions 4-6 (mixed combinations of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone), their attractiveness has no significant difference from that of dilution solutions 1-3, while for the treatment of dilution solution 7 (mixed combination of three substances), its attractiveness is stronger than that of dilution solutions 1-6.

[0077] Example 10

[0078] A Drosophila plant-derived attracting composition 1 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and sugar wine vinegar solution in a volume ratio of 1:1000, where the sugar wine vinegar solution is prepared according to the ratio of brown sugar: grape wine: vinegar: water = 3 g: 3 mL: 3 mL: 31 mL.

[0079] Example 11

[0080] A Drosophila plant-derived attracting composition 2 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and sugar wine vinegar solution in a volume ratio of 1:2000.

[0081] Example 12

[0082] A Drosophila plant-derived attracting composition 3 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and sugar wine vinegar solution in a volume ratio of 1:10000.

[0083] Examples 13-15

[0084] A plant-derived attractant composition for Drosophila melanogaster 4-6 is prepared by mixing benzyl alcohol and sugar-wine-vinegar solution at volume ratios of 1:1000, 1:2000, and 1:10000 respectively.

[0085] Examples 16-18

[0086] A plant-derived attractant composition for Drosophila melanogaster 7-9 is prepared by mixing α-ionone and sugar-wine-vinegar solution at volume ratios of 1:1000, 1:2000, and 1:10000 respectively.

[0087] Example 19

[0088] A plant-derived attractant composition for Drosophila melanogaster 10 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and benzyl alcohol with sugar-wine-vinegar solution at a volume ratio of 1:1:10000.

[0089] Example 20

[0090] A plant-derived attractant composition for Drosophila melanogaster 11 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal and α-ionone with sugar-wine-vinegar solution at a volume ratio of 1:1:10000.

[0091] Example 21

[0092] A plant-derived attractant composition for Drosophila melanogaster 12 is prepared by mixing benzyl alcohol and α-ionone with sugar-wine-vinegar solution at a volume ratio of 1:1:10000.

[0093] Example 22

[0094] A plant-derived attractant composition for Drosophila melanogaster 13 is prepared by mixing trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone with sugar-wine-vinegar solution at a volume ratio of 1:1:1:10000.

[0095] Testing the trapping effects of different plant-derived attractant compositions for Drosophila melanogaster

[0096] Sugar-wine-vinegar solution is widely used in the control of Drosophila suzukii and has a strong attracting ability to Drosophila suzukii, but there are problems such as poor specificity and ineffective control. The sugar-wine-vinegar solution used in this experiment was prepared according to the ratio of brown sugar: grape wine: vinegar: water = 3g: 3mL: 3mL: 31mL, and after preparation, it was stored at 4°C for later use. Cherry, as the most preferred oviposition fruit of Drosophila suzukii, the volatiles in it may have a synergistic effect on the attracting effect of the sugar-wine-vinegar solution.

[0097] 1. Testing the trapping effects of plant-derived attractant compositions 1-9 for Drosophila melanogaster

[0098] In Example 2, (E)-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone showed significant attracting effects on female Drosophila suzukii, which are the key pests to be controlled. Therefore, these three substances were selected for subsequent experiments. Considering that the content of cherry volatiles is very low, the amount of substances was further reduced for testing. Drosophila plant-derived attracting compositions 1-9 were tested. The experimental device was the same as in Example 2. 200 μL of sugar-vinegar-alcohol solution was added to one centrifuge tube, and 200 μL of Drosophila plant-derived attracting composition (cherry Drosophila plant-derived attractant + sugar-vinegar-alcohol solution) was added to the other centrifuge tube. Each treatment was repeated 6 times, and each repetition included 10 male insects and 10 female insects. The results were counted 24 hours after the start of the experiment and the preference index was calculated.

[0099] The calculation method is (the number of insects in the treatment - the number of insects in the control) / (the number of insects in the treatment + the number of insects in the control).

[0100] A positive calculation result indicates a preference for the treatment, while a negative result indicates a preference for the control. At the same time, the synergistic effect of different cherry Drosophila plant-derived attractants on the sugar-vinegar-alcohol solution was compared.

[0101] As Figure 5 shown in

[0102] Figure

[0103] A: When the concentrations of (E)-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone in Drosophila plant-derived attracting compositions 1-2, Drosophila plant-derived attracting compositions 4-5, and Drosophila plant-derived attracting compositions 7-8 were 1 / 1000 and 1 / 2000, there was no synergistic effect on the attracting effect of the sugar-vinegar-alcohol solution. However, when the concentrations of the three substances in Drosophila plant-derived attracting compositions 3, 6, and 9 were 1 / 10000, the attracting effect of the sugar-vinegar-alcohol solution could be increased.

[0104] As Figure 5 shown in

[0105] Example 23

[0106] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 14 is formed by mixing trans-2-hexenal and attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:100. Among them, attractant liquid A uses water as a solvent, and its active ingredients include ethanol, acetic acid, and acetoin. Among them, the volume fraction of ethanol is 7.2%, the volume fraction of acetic acid is 1.6%, and the mass fraction of acetoin is 1 / 1000.

[0107] Example 24

[0108] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 15 is formed by mixing trans-2-hexenal and attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:1000.

[0109] Example 25

[0110] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 16 is formed by mixing trans-2-hexenal and attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:10000.

[0111] Examples 26 - 28

[0112] Drosophila plant-derived attractant compositions 17 - 19 are formed by mixing benzyl alcohol and attractant liquid A in volume ratios of 1:100, 1:1000, and 1:10000 respectively.

[0113] Examples 29 - 31

[0114] Drosophila plant-derived attractant compositions 20 - 22 are formed by mixing α-ionone and attractant liquid A in volume ratios of 1:100, 1:1000, and 1:10000 respectively.

[0115] Example 32

[0116] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 23 is formed by mixing trans-2-hexenal and benzyl alcohol with attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:1:10000.

[0117] Example 33

[0118] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 24 is formed by mixing trans-2-hexenal and α-ionone with attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:1:10000.

[0119] Example 34

[0120] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 25 is formed by mixing benzyl alcohol and α-ionone with attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:1:10000.

[0121] Example 35

[0122] A Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 26 is formed by mixing trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone with attractant liquid A in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:10000.

[0123] Effect of Different Drosophila Plant-derived Luring Compositions on Luring Efficiency

[0124] Single volatiles have weak attraction to Drosophila suzukii, which can be used for monitoring but it is difficult to meet the control requirements. Therefore, they are generally used in combination with other luring agents for trapping and killing. The currently reported highly effective luring liquid A for Drosophila suzukii uses water as the solvent, and its active ingredients include ethanol, acetic acid and acetoin. Among them, the volume fraction of ethanol is 7.2%, the volume fraction of acetic acid is 1.6%, and the mass fraction of acetoin is 1 / 1000.

[0125] 1. Effect of Drosophila Plant-derived Luring Compositions 14 - 22 on Luring Efficiency

[0126] In order to explore whether cherry volatiles can enhance the efficacy of this luring agent, multi-choice experiments were carried out by adding different amounts of cherry volatiles. The amount of acetoin in the reported luring agent was set as 1 / 1000, that is, the components of luring agent A were 7.2% ethanol, 1.6% acetic acid, and 1 / 1000 acetoin. Three volatiles were formulated with luring agent A into solutions with concentrations of 1 / 1000, 1 / 2000, and 1 / 10000, namely Drosophila plant-derived luring compositions 14 - 22. The experimental device was the same as that in Example 2. Among them, 200 μL of luring agent A was added to one centrifuge tube, and 200 μL of Drosophila plant-derived luring compositions 14 - 22 was added to the other centrifuge tubes. Each treatment was repeated 6 times, and each repetition included 10 male insects and 10 female insects. After 24 hours from the start of the experiment, the results were statistically analyzed and the preference index was calculated.

[0127] The calculation method is (number of insects in treatment - number of insects in control) / (number of insects in treatment + number of insects in control).

[0128] A positive calculation result indicates a preference for the treatment, while a negative result indicates a preference for the control. At the same time, the synergistic effect of different cherry Drosophila plant-derived luring agents on luring agent A was compared.

[0129] The results are as Figure 6 shown in A: When the concentrations of trans - 2 - hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α - ionone in Drosophila plant-derived luring compositions 16, 19, and 22 are 1 / 10000, they can all enhance the luring effect of luring agent A, while when the concentrations of the three substances in Drosophila plant-derived luring compositions 14 - 15, 17 - 18, and 20 - 21 are 1 / 1000 and 1 / 2000 respectively, they have no synergistic effect on the luring effect of luring agent A.

[0130] 2. Effect of Drosophila Plant-derived Luring Compositions 23 - 26 on Luring Efficiency

[0131] The experiment was also carried out in a 30*30*30 cm gauze cage. 50 male insects and 50 female insects were placed in each gauze cage, and 6 small bottles with 8 mm openings on the top were placed. The small bottles were placed in a regular hexagon, and the liquid addition amount in each small bottle was 1 mL. Respectively, ① attractant B (attractant B uses water as a solvent, and its active ingredients contain ethanol and acetic acid. Among them, the volume fraction of ethanol is 7.2% and the volume fraction of acetic acid is 1.6%) was used as a blank control CK, ② the above-mentioned attractant A (the volume fraction of ethanol is 7.2%, the volume fraction of acetic acid is 1.6%, and the mass fraction of acetoin is 1 / 1000) was used as a negative control, ③ Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 23, ④ Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 24, ⑤ Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 25, ⑥ Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 26. 100 Drosophila suzukii were introduced into each insect-raising cage for selection. After 20 h of the experiment, the number of Drosophila in each small trap was counted and analyzed; the experiment was repeated 6 times.

[0132] As Figure 6 Shown in B: The mixing of two cherry volatiles in Drosophila plant-derived attractant compositions 23-25 also has a synergistic effect on attractant A, and the synergistic effect is the strongest when three substances are mixed together in Drosophila plant-derived attractant composition 26.

[0133] In summary: It shows that the low-concentration Drosophila suzukii plant-derived attractant can be used as a synergist for other current Drosophila suzukii attractants and can cooperate with other attractants to trap and kill a large number of Drosophila suzukii in the field.

[0134] Other parts not described in detail are all prior arts. Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments without creative efforts based on this embodiment, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies, characterized in that: The plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is any one or more of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone.

2. The cherry vinegar fly plant-derived attractant according to claim 1, wherein: The plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is any two of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, and the volume ratio of any two substances is 1:1 to 3.

3. The cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volume ratio of any two of the trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone is 1:

1.

4. The cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant according to claim 1, wherein: The plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone; among them, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone is 1:1 to 3:1 to 3.

5. The cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant according to claim 4, wherein: The plant-derived cherry fruit fly attractant is trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone; among them, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone is 1:1:

1.

6. Use of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in trapping and killing fruit flies, characterized in that: The application method is as follows: Dissolve the above attractant in mineral oil or mix the above attractant with other attractants, then add it into the cherry fruit fly trap. Hang the trap in the field during the full bloom period of cherries. According to the occurrence of fruit flies, hang one trap per cherry tree or every other cherry tree until the cherry picking is over.

7. A diluent of a plant-derived attractant for cherry fruit flies, characterized in that: The dilution is prepared by dissolving the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant described in claim 1 in mineral oil, and the volume ratio of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant to mineral oil is 1:100 to 10,000.

8. The dilution according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is benzyl alcohol, the volume ratio of benzyl alcohol to mineral oil is 1:1000 - 10,000; Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is trans-2-hexenal, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal to mineral oil is 1:1000; Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is α-ionone, the volume ratio of α-ionone to mineral oil is 1:100 - 1000; Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is any two of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, the volume ratio of any two substances to mineral oil is 1:1:1000; Or, when the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant is composed of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone, the volume ratio of trans-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, and α-ionone to mineral oil is 1:1:1:1000.

9. A Drosophila plant-derived attracting composition, characterized in that: The fruit fly plant-derived attractant composition is a mixture of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant described in claim 1 and sugar-vinegar-ethanol solution / attractant solution A, and the volume ratio of the cherry fruit fly plant-derived attractant to sugar-vinegar-ethanol solution / attractant solution A is 1:10,000.

10. The Drosophila plant-derived attracting composition according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sugar-vinegar-ethanol solution is prepared from brown sugar, wine, vinegar, and water in a ratio of 3g:3mL:3mL:31mL. The attractant solution A uses water as a solvent, and its active ingredients contain ethanol, acetic acid, and acetoin. Among them, the volume fraction of ethanol is 7.2%, the volume fraction of acetic acid is 1.6%, and the mass fraction of acetoin is 1 / 1000.

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