Automobile axle housing positioning device, machine tool and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile axle housing positioning device, a machine tool and a method and relates to the technical field of automobile part machining. The device comprises a mounting plate, the front end face of the mounting plate is detachably connected with a driving mechanism and an air supply mechanism, and the lower end of the driving mechanism is detachably connected with a positioning mechanism; the positioning mechanism comprises a connecting part, an adjusting part is pivotally connected below the connecting part, and the adjusting part is pneumatically connected with the air supply mechanism; the machine tool comprises a numerical control device and a spindle head, and further comprises the automobile axle housing positioning device. The method comprises the steps that the distance and the positions of the two sliding blocks are adjusted; the angle of the adjusting component is adjusted by adjusting the extending lengths of the two adjusting studs; the positioning mechanism is driven to move downwards, so that the two adjusting components are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place; and the axle housing workpiece is clamped, the positioning mechanism is driven to move upwards to a preset position, and positioning is completed. The positioning device has the advantages of high positioning efficiency, flexible contact with a workpiece, multi-angle adjustment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive part processing, and particularly to an automotive axle housing positioning device, a machine tool and a method. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of the automotive chassis transmission system, the axle housing shoulders the heavy responsibilities of bearing pressure, transmitting force, and protecting the core transmission components. In the processing technology of medium and heavy-duty axle housing products, a key process is to machine the upper pipa hole of the axle housing, including: the inner hole surface, the upper end surface, and multiple threaded holes and positioning pin holes distributed on the upper end surface, and its machining accuracy is directly related to the vehicle performance and driving safety. Currently, the machining mainly relies on vertical machining centers. In terms of fixture tooling, the rotational positioning of the axle housing workpiece around the axis is the top priority for ensuring its machining accuracy.

[0003] CN207058149U discloses a flexible hydraulic fixture for a vehicle axle used in a small vertical machining center, including a fixture base. The feature is that a bottom surface auxiliary support oil cylinder, a side surface clamping oil cylinder, a cantilevered reinforcing ring large surface horizontal calibration oil cylinder mechanism, and a slide table are arranged on the fixture base; the cantilevered reinforcing ring large surface horizontal calibration oil cylinder mechanism is composed of a leveling oil cylinder and a leveling arm; the slide table is connected to a shaft head support positioning V-shaped block, a main clamping oil cylinder, and a flange end face indirect positioning and measuring mechanism, and the flange end face indirect positioning and measuring mechanism is composed of a positioning oil cylinder and a positioning body; a lead screw and a hand wheel are arranged on the slide table, and the lateral distance is adjusted through the lead screw and the hand wheel.

[0004] Although the existing technologies solve the problems of machining accuracy and efficiency of the upper pipa hole of the axle housing to a certain extent, there are still some deficiencies. First, it is difficult for the existing technologies to achieve the micro-angle flipping positioning of the upper end face of the pipa hole required for the rework of the axle housing workpiece, lacking the multi-dimensional angle adjustment function and unable to meet the multi-angle positioning requirements under special machining needs; second, the positioning components of the existing technologies have poor flexibility, cannot adapt to the precise positioning of workpieces with different apertures, and have limited application ranges; in addition, the structures of the existing technologies are relatively complex and heavy, with a narrow action range and poor flexibility; in terms of positioning accuracy and reliability, the workpiece contact method adopted by the existing technologies has poor positioning accuracy and lacks effective positioning reliability detection means; finally, the existing technologies mostly adopt traditional hydraulic control methods, which may cause bending deformation of the axle housing workpiece due to its own gravity or rigid contact during the positioning process, lacking flexible control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an automobile axle housing positioning device, a machine tool and a method, which have the advantages of high positioning efficiency, accurate positioning, flexible contact with the workpiece, multi-angle adjustment, light weight, low manufacturing cost, wide application range, etc., and can solve the problems of lack of multi-angle adjustment function, poor positioning accuracy, poor versatility and easy bending deformation in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention provides the following solution

[0007] An automobile axle housing positioning device includes a mounting plate, a driving mechanism and a gas supply mechanism are detachably connected to the front end face of the mounting plate, and a positioning mechanism is detachably connected to the lower end of the driving mechanism; the positioning mechanism includes a connecting component, and an adjusting component is pivotally connected below the connecting component, and the adjusting component is pneumatically connected to the gas supply mechanism.

[0008] The adjusting component is a component that directly contacts the axle housing workpiece, and is driven by the driving mechanism to move up and down, so as to adjust and position the workpiece; the gas supply mechanism supplies gas to it, and the airtightness detection is used to identify whether the workpiece positioning is completed.

[0009] Further, the connecting component includes a connecting seat, and an adjusting component is pivotally connected below the connecting seat; threaded through holes are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting seat, adjusting studs are threadedly connected to the threaded through holes in a matching manner, and the adjusting studs are respectively exposed outside the upper and lower end faces of the connecting seat, and a locking nut is threadedly connected to the upper end of each adjusting stud. The lower ends of the two adjusting studs are respectively in contact with the left and right sides of the upper surface of the adjusting component; a slider is slidably connected to the bottom of the adjusting component, and a positioning component is detachably connected to the bottom end of each slider, and the positioning component is communicated with the gas supply mechanism through a pipeline.

[0010] An adjusting stud is threadedly connected to the threaded through hole, and the protruding length can be adjusted by rotation, so as to adjust the angle of the adjusting component; a locking nut is threadedly connected to the upper end of the adjusting stud to lock the adjusting stud so that it cannot move up and down; the distance between the positioning components can be adjusted by the slider, and it can adapt to the positioning of axle housing workpieces with different pipa hole diameters; the gas supply mechanism supplies gas to the positioning components, and the airtightness detection is used to identify whether the workpiece positioning is completed.

[0011] Further, the adjusting component includes an adjusting plate, a pivot is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the adjusting plate, the pivot is in a conical structure, a connecting groove is arranged in the center of the connecting seat, and the pivot can be rotatably placed in the connecting groove; a pin hole is arranged in the upper part of the pivot, through holes are respectively arranged in the middle of the front end face and the rear end face of the connecting seat corresponding to the pin hole position, and the two through holes are communicated with the connecting groove, and a pin shaft is rotatably sleeved in the two through holes and the pin hole together; the front end of the pin shaft protrudes outside the front end wall of the connecting seat, and a limit pin hole is arranged at the front end of the pin shaft, and a limit pin is detachably connected in the limit pin hole.

[0012] The pivot can rotate around the pin shaft to adjust the angle; the limit pin plays a limiting role on the pin shaft to prevent the pin shaft from sliding out of the through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, an angle indicator is fixedly connected to the front end face of the connecting seat. The angle indicator includes an angle dial and a pointer. The angle dial is fixedly connected to the middle of the front end face of the connecting seat. The angle dial is in a semi-circular ring structure. The center of the angle dial is coaxial with the pin shaft. Scales are provided on the angle dial; the upper end of the pointer is rotatably sleeved on the pin shaft between the limit pin and the front end face of the connecting seat. Under the action of its own gravity, the pointer points vertically downward. The pointer and the angle dial cooperate with each other to indicate the inclination angle of the adjusting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a limit plate is detachably connected to the front end of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate. The limit plate is in an L-shaped structure; a guide groove is provided in the middle of the end face of the long arm of the limit plate. A slide rail is fixedly connected along the length direction in the middle of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate. Two sliders are slidably connected to the slide rail. The front end of each slider is fixedly connected with a limit stud. The two limit studs are respectively slidably sleeved in the guide groove. A butterfly nut is threadedly connected to the front end of each limit stud.

[0015] The limit stud is slidably sleeved in the guide groove to play a role of stable guiding; rotating the butterfly nut can lock the slider relative to the limit plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a positioning component is detachably connected to the lower end of the slider. The positioning component includes an airtight component; the airtight component includes a positioning block. The positioning block is detachably connected to the lower end of the slider. The positioning block is in a cuboid structure. Air holes are provided on the side wall of the positioning block. An airtight joint is threadedly connected in the air holes, and the airtight joint is arranged on the outer side wall of the positioning block. A ball groove is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning block. The airtight joint communicates with the ball groove through the air hole. An airtight ball is slidably accommodated in the ball groove. The airtight ball can be in sealed contact with the air hole; a spring is arranged between the top wall of the ball groove and the airtight ball; an end cover is arranged below the airtight ball. The end cover is detachably connected to the lower surface of the positioning block; a ball hole is provided in the middle of the end cover. The airtight ball can be accommodated in the ball hole. A converging limit flange is provided at the bottom end of the ball hole. The airtight ball can partially protrude and stop outside the converging limit flange and can be in rolling contact with the upper surface of the vehicle axle housing; the positioning component further includes an airtight detection switch. The airtight detection switch is detachably connected to the bottom right of the front end face of the mounting plate. An air inlet hole is provided at the upper end of the airtight detection switch. The air inlet hole is communicated with the air supply mechanism through a pipeline; two air outlet holes are provided at the lower end of the airtight detection switch. The two air outlet holes are respectively communicated with the airtight components on the left and right sliders through pipelines.

[0017] The airtight joint is connected to the ball groove through an air hole to form an air passage. The airtight ball can be in sealing contact with the air hole to realize the opening and closing of the air path. A spring is arranged between the top wall of the ball groove and the airtight ball, and its function is to keep the air path open in the free state. The airtight ball can partially protrude and stop at the limiting flange, so that the airtight ball can slide up and down in the ball hole and cannot slide out of the ball hole. The airtight detection switch is used to detect the airtight signal and send it to the machine tool control system.

[0018] Further, the driving mechanism includes a guide rod cylinder, and the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate; the upper right part of the front end face of the mounting plate is detachably connected with a gas supply mechanism; the gas supply mechanism is connected to a reversing valve through a pipeline, and the reversing valve is detachably connected to the middle right part of the front end face of the mounting plate, and the reversing valve is connected to the guide rod cylinder through a pipeline; a clamping groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder along the vertical direction, and a magnetic switch is slidably connected in the clamping groove; an air pipe joint is screwed on the top end of the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder, and the air pipe joint is connected to the reversing valve through a pipeline; a pilot speed regulating valve is screwed on the bottom end of the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder, the pilot speed regulating valve is connected to the reversing valve through a pipeline, and the air pipe joint and the pilot speed regulating valve are also connected through a pipeline; the lower end of the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the lower surface of the connecting plate is detachably connected with the upper surface of the connecting seat of the positioning mechanism.

[0019] The reversing valve is connected to the guide rod cylinder through a pipeline to control the air flow to control the telescopic movement of the guide rod cylinder; the magnetic switch can slide up and down to adjust the position and be fixed, and its function is to detect the piston position of the guide rod cylinder through magnetism. The magnetic switch is electrically connected to the machine tool control system. When the piston reaches the height where the magnetic switch is located, a signal is sent to the machine tool control system, and then the piston is controlled to stop rising; the air pipe joint is connected to the reversing valve through a pipeline to supply air to the upper cavity of the guide rod cylinder; the pilot speed regulating valve is connected to the reversing valve through a pipeline, and its function is to close the air path of the lower cavity of the guide rod cylinder, so that the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder will not drop due to its own gravity, thereby accurately controlling the position height of the telescopic end.

[0020] Further, the driving mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate; the lower end of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the lower surface of the connecting plate is detachably connected with the upper surface of the connecting seat of the positioning mechanism.

[0021] Using an electric telescopic rod instead of a guide rod cylinder, a reversing valve and a magnetic switch for telescopic drive, the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the machine tool, and the telescopic position of the electric telescopic rod is directly controlled by the machine tool, which can improve the control accuracy and speed.

[0022] A machine tool includes a numerical control device and a spindle head, and further includes the above-mentioned positioning device for automobile axle housing. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the outer wall of the spindle head by bolts; the adjusting components of the driving mechanism, the air supply mechanism and the positioning mechanism are respectively electrically connected to the numerical control device.

[0023] The positioning device for automobile axle housing can move together with the spindle head, with a wider range of action and better flexibility; each component of the device is electrically connected to the numerical control device, and automatic control is carried out through the numerical control device, which is more labor-saving and practical; in addition, the machine tool has all the advantages of the positioning device for automobile axle housing.

[0024] An automobile axle housing positioning method, based on the above-mentioned machine tool, includes the following steps:

[0025] Adjust the distance and position of the two sliders;

[0026] Adjust the extended length of the two adjusting studs to adjust the angle of the adjusting component;

[0027] Drive the positioning mechanism to move downward so that the two adjusting components are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place;

[0028] Clamp the axle housing workpiece, drive the positioning mechanism to move upward to a predetermined position, and complete the positioning.

[0029] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0030] The positioning device, machine tool and method for automobile axle housing provided by the present invention can realize multi-angle positioning; the positioning mechanism adopts pneumatic control, which is more flexible and will not cause bending deformation to the axle housing workpiece during the positioning process; it directly reduces the damage to the spindle, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs are lower; it is lighter in weight, simpler in structure, can be detachably installed on the spindle head of the machine tool and move together, with a wider range of action and better flexibility; the positioning action is controlled by the machine tool program, one step in place, improving the positioning efficiency of the axle housing workpiece; the airtight ball is used to contact the workpiece, the positioning is more accurate, and the reliability of the positioning is detected through airtightness, significantly improving the certainty and reliability of the positioning; the distance between the positioning components can be adjusted to adapt to the positioning of axle housing workpieces with different pipa apertures; it avoids the interference of the spindle, the tool puller and other mechanisms on the positioning in the traditional positioning method; the device is electrically connected to the numerical control device of the machine tool to realize automatic control, saving time and effort. Description of the Drawings

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Attached Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle bridge housing positioning device of the present invention;

[0033] Attached Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Attached Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning component of the present invention;

[0035] Attached Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of the end cover of the present invention;

[0036] Attached Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the machine tool of the present invention;

[0037] Attached Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle bridge housing positioning method of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure:

[0039] 1. mounting plate; 2. driving mechanism; 21. guide rod cylinder; 211. connecting plate; 22. reversing valve; 23. air pipe joint; 24. pilot speed regulating valve; 25. magnetic switch; 3. positioning mechanism; 31. connecting component; 311. connecting seat; 3111. connecting groove; 3112. through hole; 312. adjusting stud; 313. locking nut; 314. pin shaft; 315. limit pin; 316. angle indicator; 3161. pointer; 3162. angle scale; 32. adjusting component; 321. adjusting plate; 322. pivot; 3221. pin hole; 323. slide rail; 324. slider; 3241. limit stud; 3242. wing nut; 325. positioning component; 3251. airtight detection switch; 3252. airtight component; 3253. positioning block; 32531. ball groove; 32532. air hole; 3254. airtight joint; 3255. airtight ball; 3256. spring; 3257. end cover; 32571. ball hole; 32572. limit flange; 326. limit plate; 3261. guide groove; 4. air supply mechanism; 5. spindle head. Specific Embodiments

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the following will further describe this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. "Multiple" generally includes at least two.

[0042] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0043] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, and third may be used in the embodiments of this application for description, these descriptions should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the descriptions. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, the first can also be called the second, and similarly, the second can also be called the first.

[0044] Depending on the context, the words "if" and "when" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "while" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected (stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)".

[0045] It should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a commodity or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such commodity or device. Without further limitation, the element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the commodity or device including the said element.

[0046] It should be particularly noted that symbols and / or numbers existing in the specification, if not marked in the description of the drawings, are not reference numerals.

[0047] Example 1. Refer to Figure 1 As shown, this example provides an automotive axle housing positioning device, which includes a mounting plate 1. The rear end face of the mounting plate 1 is detachably connected to the spindle head 5 of the machine tool. The front end face of the mounting plate 1 is detachably connected with a driving mechanism 2. The lower end of the driving mechanism 2 is detachably connected with a positioning mechanism 3. The lower end of the positioning mechanism 3 can be in contact with the upper edge of the pipa hole of the axle housing workpiece.

[0048] Specifically, the mounting plate 1 is of a rectangular structure. The driving mechanism 2 includes a guide rod cylinder 21. The cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder 21 is bolted to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. An air supply mechanism 4 is bolted to the upper right part of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. In this example, the air supply mechanism 4 adopts a pneumatic triple unit for providing compressed air with stable pressure. The pneumatic triple unit is connected to a reversing valve 22 through a pipeline. The reversing valve 22 is bolted to the middle right part of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. The reversing valve 22 is connected to the guide rod cylinder 21 through a pipeline for controlling the air flow to control the telescopic movement of the guide rod cylinder 21. A magnetic switch 25 is slidably connected in a slot provided along the vertical direction on the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder 21. The magnetic switch 25 can slide up and down to adjust its position and be fixed. Its function is to detect the piston position of the guide rod cylinder 21 through magnetism. The magnetic switch 25 is electrically connected to the machine tool control system. When the piston reaches the height where the magnetic switch 25 is located, it sends a signal to the machine tool control system, and then controls the piston to stop rising. An air pipe joint 23 is threadedly connected to the top end of the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder 21. The air pipe joint 23 is connected to the reversing valve 22 through a pipeline. A pilot speed control valve 24 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder 21. The pilot speed control valve 24 is connected to the reversing valve 22 through a pipeline. Its function is to close the air path of the lower cavity of the guide rod cylinder 21 so that the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder 21 will not drop due to its own gravity. The air pipe joint 23 and the pilot speed control valve 24 are also connected through a pipeline. The lower end of the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 211. The connecting plate 211 is of a rectangular plate structure. The lower surface of the connecting plate 211 is bolted with a positioning mechanism 3.

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figures 2 to 4As shown in the figure, the positioning mechanism 3 includes a connecting component 31. The connecting component 31 includes a connecting seat 311. The connecting seat 311 is in the shape of a rectangular bar. A connecting groove 3111 is provided at the center of the connecting seat 311. Threaded through holes are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting seat 311. An adjusting stud 312 is threadedly connected in the threaded through hole, and its extending length can be adjusted by rotation. The upper end of the adjusting stud 312 is threadedly connected with a locking nut 313 for locking the adjusting stud 312 to prevent it from moving up and down. A regulating component 32 is pivotally connected below the connecting seat 311. The regulating component 32 includes a regulating plate 321. A pivot 322 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the regulating plate 321. The pivot 322 is in a conical structure and can be rotatably accommodated in the connecting groove 3111. A pin hole 3221 is provided at the upper part of the pivot 322. Through holes 3112 are respectively provided in the middle of the front end face and the rear end face of the connecting seat 311. Both through holes 3112 communicate with the connecting groove 3111. A pin shaft 314 is rotatably sleeved in both through holes 3112 and the pin hole 3221. The pivot 322 can rotate around the pin shaft 314. The front end of the pin shaft 314 protrudes outside the front wall of the connecting seat 311. A limiting pin hole is provided at the front end of the pin shaft 314. A limiting pin 315 is detachably connected in the limiting pin hole to play a limiting role to prevent the pin shaft 314 from slipping out of the through hole 3112.

[0050] The lower end of the adjusting stud 312 is in contact with the left and right sides of the upper surface of the regulating plate 321 for adjusting the angle of the regulating plate 321. An angle indicator 316 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the connecting seat 311. The angle indicator 316 includes an angle scale 3162 and a pointer 3161. The angle scale 3162 is fixedly connected to the middle of the front end face of the connecting seat 311. The angle scale 3162 is in a semi-circular ring structure, and its center is coaxial with the pin shaft 314. Scales are provided on the angle scale 3162. The upper end of the pointer 3161 is slidably sleeved on the pin shaft 314 between the limiting pin 315 and the front end face of the connecting seat 311. Under the action of its own gravity, the pointer 3161 points vertically downward. The pointer 3161 and the angle scale 3162 cooperate with each other to indicate the current inclination angle of the regulating plate 321.

[0051] A limiting plate 326 is bolted to the front end of the bottom surface of the regulating plate 321. The limiting plate 326 is in an L-shaped structure. A guiding groove 3261 is provided in the middle of the limiting plate 326 to play a role of stable guiding. A slide rail 323 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the regulating plate 321 in the left-right direction. Sliders 324 are slidably connected near both ends of the slide rail 323. A limiting stud 3241 is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider 324. The limiting stud 3241 is slidably sleeved in the guiding groove 3261. A butterfly nut 3242 is threadedly connected to the front end of the limiting stud 3241. Rotating the butterfly nut 3242 can lock the slider 324 relative to the limiting plate 326.

[0052] The lower end of the slider 324 is bolted with a positioning component 325. The positioning component 325 positions the workpiece through airtightness detection, including an airtight component 3252 and an airtightness detection switch 3251. The airtight component 3252 includes a positioning block 3253. The positioning block 3253 is bolted to the lower end of the slider 324. The positioning block 3253 has a cuboid structure, and air holes 32532 are provided on its side wall. An airtight joint 3254 is threadedly connected to the air holes 32532. The airtight joint 3254 is arranged on the outer side wall of the positioning block 3253. A ball groove 32531 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning block 3253. The airtight joint 3254 communicates with the ball groove 32531 through the air holes 32532 to form a gas passage. An airtight ball 3255 is slidably connected in the ball groove 32531. The airtight ball 3255 is made of metal. The airtight ball 3255 can be in sealing contact with the air holes 32532 to realize the opening and closing of the gas path. A spring 3256 is arranged between the top wall of the ball groove 32531 and the airtight ball 3255, and its function is to keep the gas path open in the free state. An end cover 3257 is arranged below the airtight ball 3255. The end cover 3257 is detachably connected to the lower surface of the positioning block 3253. A ball hole 32571 is provided in the middle of the end cover 3257. The airtight ball 3255 can be accommodated in the ball hole 32571. A limiting flange 32572 is provided at the bottom end of the ball hole 32571. The airtight ball 3255 can partially protrude and stop at the limiting flange 32572, so that the airtight ball 3255 can slide up and down in the ball hole 32571 and cannot slide out of the ball hole 32571. The airtightness detection switch 3251 is bolted to the bottom right of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. An air inlet hole is provided at the upper end of the airtightness detection switch 3251. The air inlet hole is communicated with the pneumatic triple unit through a pipeline. Two air outlet holes are provided at the lower end of the airtightness detection switch 3251, and are respectively communicated with the airtight components 3252 on the left and right sliders 324 through pipelines. The airtightness detection switch 3251 is used to detect the airtight signal and send it to the machine tool control system.

[0053] The gas provided by the pneumatic triple unit flows into the airtight component 3252 through the airtightness detection switch 3251 and flows out from the bottom of the airtight ball 3255 cover. The airtight ball 3255 partially protrudes from the lower end of the end cover 3257 and is used to contact the surface of the workpiece, generating a downward force on the workpiece. Then the airtight ball 3255 moves reversely under the reaction force, compressing the spring 3256 until it is in sealing contact with the air holes 32532, so that the gas does not flow out. At this time, the airtightness detection switch 3251 detects the airtight signal and sends it to the machine tool control system. When the gas does not flow out from both airtight components 3252, it is judged that the positioning is successful.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a machine tool, including a spindle head 5, and further including the above-mentioned automobile axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate 1 of the device is detachably bolted to the outer side wall of the spindle head 5 and can move together with the spindle head 5.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a positioning method for an automotive axle housing. Based on the above-mentioned machine tool, it includes the following steps:

[0056] Adjust the spacing and position of the two sliders 324;

[0057] Adjust the protruding length of the two adjusting studs 312 to adjust the angle of the adjusting member 32;

[0058] Drive the positioning mechanism 3 to move downward so that the two adjusting members 32 are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place;

[0059] Clamp the axle housing workpiece, drive the positioning mechanism 3 to move upward to a predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0060] Specifically, place the axle housing workpiece on the fixture of the machine tool, place the two side journals on the V-shaped clamps, with the pipa hole facing upward. The fixture used is a general-purpose fixture in the industry and will not be described in detail; adjust the spacing of the two sliders 324 according to the diameter size of the pipa hole, and adjust the positions of the two sliders 324 until the midpoint of the connection line of the two sliders 324 coincides vertically with the center of the pipa hole, and then lock the wing nut to lock the two sliders 324 on the limit plate 326; when the subsequent processed products are the same, there is no need to adjust again. When the subsequent processed products are different, adjustment is required again. Generally, product replacement on the production line is not frequent. Therefore, when frequent product replacement is required, the stroke position can be adjusted when programming the positioning movement program of the machine tool worktable.

[0061] Then, according to the positioning requirements of the axle housing workpiece, adjust the horizontal angle of the adjusting plate 321 by adjusting the protruding length of the two adjusting studs 312; under general processing requirements, the adjusting plate 321 needs to be adjusted to be horizontal, that is, the pointer 3161 points vertically downward under the action of gravity and points to the middle zero position of the angle scale 3162, and then tighten the lock nut 313 for fixation; under special processing requirements such as repair, adjustment needs to be made according to specific requirements. For example, if the axle housing workpiece needs to be rotated clockwise by 2° around the axis, the pointer 3161 can be made to point to the 2° position on the angle scale 3162 by adjusting the protruding length of the adjusting stud 312, and then fixed.

[0062] The axle housing workpiece moves to the positioning position along with the machine tool workbench. The positioning device moves downward to the working position together with the machine tool spindle head 5. If it is a small vertical machining center and the position of the machine tool spindle head 5 is low, there is no need to move downward. The positioning mechanism 3 moves downward driven by the guide rod cylinder 21. The two airtight balls 3255 contact the surface of the workpiece, exerting a force on the workpiece. The airtight balls 3255 move reversely under the reaction force, compressing the spring 3256, and finally making airtight contact with the air holes 32532 on the inner wall of the ball groove 32531 to close the air path, so that the air flow cannot flow out. When the airtight detection switch 3251 detects that the gas does not flow out on both sides, the angle of the workpiece is adjusted in place. The airtight detection switch 3251 sends the signal that the workpiece angle is adjusted in place to the machine tool control system, and the machine tool controls the fixture to perform the clamping action. After the clamping is completed, the positioning mechanism 3 moves upward driven by the guide rod cylinder 21 until it triggers the magnetic switch 25 and stops moving upward. At the same time, the machine tool program controls the closing of the pilot speed control valve 24, so that the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder 21 will not sink due to its own gravity, causing machining interference.

[0063] So far, the flexible positioning of the axle housing is completed, and the machine tool can perform subsequent machining processes.

[0064] Embodiment 2. This embodiment provides an automobile axle housing positioning device. On the basis of Embodiment 1, an electric telescopic rod (not shown in the drawings) is used to replace the guide rod cylinder 21, the reversing valve 22, and the magnetic switch 25 for telescopic drive, which can improve the control accuracy and speed.

[0065] Specifically, the mounting plate 1 is of a rectangular structure. The driving mechanism 2 includes an electric telescopic rod, which is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. The electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the machine tool, and the telescopic position of the electric telescopic rod is directly controlled by the machine tool. The lower end of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 211. The connecting plate 211 is of a rectangular plate structure, and the positioning mechanism 3 is bolted to the lower surface of the connecting plate 211.

[0066] This embodiment also provides a machine tool, including a numerical control device and a spindle head 5, and also including the above-mentioned automobile axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate 1 of the device is detachably connected to the outer wall of the spindle head 5 by bolts and can move together with the spindle head 5. The driving mechanism 2, the air supply mechanism 4, and the adjusting components 32 of the positioning mechanism 3 are respectively electrically connected to the numerical control device.

[0067] This embodiment also provides an automobile axle housing positioning method, based on the above-mentioned machine tool, including the following steps:

[0068] Adjust the spacing and position of the two sliders 324;

[0069] Adjust the extended length of the two adjusting studs 312 to adjust the angle of the adjusting component 32;

[0070] Drive the positioning mechanism 3 to move downward, so that the two adjusting components 32 are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place;

[0071] Clamp the axle housing workpiece, drive the positioning mechanism 3 to move upward to a predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0072] Embodiment 3. The present embodiment provides an automobile axle housing positioning device. On the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2, the airtight ball 3255 can be replaced with a ceramic material, which is hard and wear-resistant, and extends the service life.

[0073] The present embodiment also provides a machine tool, which includes a numerical control device and a spindle head 5, and also includes the above-mentioned automobile axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate 1 of the device is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the spindle head 5 through bolts and can move together with the spindle head 5; the driving mechanism 2, the air supply mechanism 4, and the adjusting components 32 of the positioning mechanism 3 are respectively electrically connected to the numerical control device.

[0074] The present embodiment also provides an automobile axle housing positioning method, based on the above-mentioned machine tool, including the following steps:

[0075] Adjust the distance and position of the two sliders 324;

[0076] Adjust the extended length of the two adjusting studs 312 to adjust the angle of the adjusting component 32;

[0077] Drive the positioning mechanism 3 to move downward, so that the two adjusting components 32 are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place;

[0078] Clamp the axle housing workpiece, drive the positioning mechanism 3 to move upward to a predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0079] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automotive axle housing positioning device, characterized in that, It includes a mounting plate (1), a driving mechanism (2) and a gas supply mechanism (4) are detachably connected to the front end face of the mounting plate (1), and a positioning mechanism (3) is detachably connected to the lower end of the driving mechanism (2); the positioning mechanism (3) includes a connecting component (31), an adjusting component (32) is pivotally connected below the connecting component (31), and the adjusting component (32) is pneumatically connected to the gas supply mechanism (4).

2. The vehicle bridge housing positioning device according to claim 1, wherein, The connecting component (31) includes a connecting seat (311), an adjusting component (32) is pivotally connected below the connecting seat (311); threaded through holes are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting seat (311), an adjusting stud (312) is threadedly connected to the threaded through hole in a matching manner, and the upper and lower ends of the adjusting stud (312) are respectively exposed outside the upper and lower end faces of the connecting seat (311), a locking nut (313) is threadedly connected to the upper end of each adjusting stud (312), and the lower ends of the two adjusting studs (312) are respectively in contact with the left and right sides of the upper surface of the adjusting component (32); a slider (324) is slidably connected to the bottom of the adjusting component (32), a positioning component (325) is detachably connected to the bottom end of each slider (324), and the positioning component (325) is connected to the gas supply mechanism (4) through a pipeline.

3. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting component (32) includes an adjusting plate (321), a pivot (322) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the adjusting plate (321), the pivot (322) has a conical structure, a connecting groove (3111) is arranged at the center of the connecting seat (311), and the pivot (322) can be rotatably accommodated in the connecting groove (3111); a pin hole (3221) is arranged at the upper part of the pivot (322), through holes (3112) are respectively arranged at the middle parts of the front end face and the rear end face of the connecting seat (311) corresponding to the position of the pin hole (3221), both of the two through holes (3112) are communicated with the connecting groove (3111), and a pin shaft (314) is rotatably sleeved in the two through holes (3112) and the pin hole (3221) together; the front end of the pin shaft (314) protrudes outside the front wall of the connecting seat (311), a limit pin hole is arranged at the front end of the pin shaft (314), and a limit pin (315) is detachably connected in the limit pin hole.

4. The vehicle axle housing positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, An angle indicator (316) is fixedly connected to the front end face of the connecting seat (311), the angle indicator (316) includes an angle scale (3162) and a pointer (3161), the angle scale (3162) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the front end face of the connecting seat (311), the angle scale (3162) has a semi-circular ring structure, the center of the angle scale (3162) is coaxial with the pin shaft (314), and scales are arranged on the angle scale (3162); the upper end of the pointer (3161) is rotatably sleeved on the pin shaft (314) between the limit pin (315) and the front end face of the connecting seat (311), the pointer (3161) points vertically downward under the action of its own gravity, and the pointer (3161) and the angle scale (3162) cooperate with each other to indicate the inclination angle of the adjusting plate (321).

5. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 3, wherein, The front end of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate (321) is detachably connected with a limiting plate (326), and the limiting plate (326) is of an L-shaped structure; a guiding groove (3261) is arranged in the middle of the end face of the long arm of the limiting plate (326), a slide rail (323) is fixedly connected along the length direction in the middle of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate (321), two sliding blocks (324) are slidably connected to the slide rail (323), a limiting stud (3241) is fixedly connected to the front end of each sliding block (324), the two limiting studs (3241) are respectively slidably sleeved in the guiding groove (3261), and a butterfly nut (3242) is threadedly connected to the front end of each limiting stud (3241).

6. The vehicle axle housing positioning device according to claim 5, wherein A positioning component (325) is detachably connected to the lower end of the sliding block (324), and the positioning component (325) includes an airtight component (3252); the airtight component (3252) includes a positioning block (3253), the positioning block (3253) is detachably connected to the lower end of the sliding block (324), the positioning block (3253) is of a cuboid structure, air holes (32532) are arranged on the side wall of the positioning block (3253), an airtight joint (3254) is threadedly connected in the air holes (32532), and the airtight joint (3254) is arranged on the outer side wall of the positioning block (3253), a ball groove (32531) is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the positioning block (3253), the airtight joint (3254) is communicated with the ball groove (32531) through the air holes (32532), an airtight ball (3255) is slidably accommodated in the ball groove (32531), and the airtight ball (3255) can be in sealed contact with the air holes (32532); a spring (3256) is arranged between the top wall of the ball groove (32531) and the airtight ball (3255); a end cover (3257) is arranged below the airtight ball (3255), and the end cover (3257) is detachably connected to the lower surface of the positioning block (3253); a ball hole (32571) is arranged in the middle of the end cover (3257), the airtight ball (3255) can be accommodated in the ball hole (32571), a converging limiting flange (32572) is arranged at the bottom end of the ball hole (32571), the airtight ball (3255) can partially protrude and stop outside the converging limiting flange (32572), and can be in rolling contact with the upper surface of the vehicle axle housing; the positioning component (325) further includes an airtight detection switch (3251), the airtight detection switch (3251) is detachably connected to the bottom right side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1), an air inlet hole is arranged at the upper end of the airtight detection switch (3251), and the air inlet hole is communicated with the air supply mechanism (4) through a pipeline; two air outlet holes are arranged at the lower end of the airtight detection switch (3251), and the two air outlet holes are respectively communicated with the airtight components (3252) on the left and right sliding blocks (324) through pipelines.

7. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 2, wherein The driving mechanism (2) includes a guide rod cylinder (21), and the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder (21) is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1); an air supply mechanism (4) is detachably connected to the upper right part of the front end face of the mounting plate (1); the air supply mechanism (4) is communicated with a reversing valve (22) through a pipeline, and the reversing valve (22) is detachably connected to the middle right part of the front end face of the mounting plate (1), and the reversing valve (22) is communicated with the guide rod cylinder (21) through a pipeline; a clamping groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder (21) in the vertical direction, and a magnetic switch (25) is slidably connected in the clamping groove; an air pipe joint (23) is threadedly connected to the top end of the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder (21), and the air pipe joint (23) is communicated with the reversing valve (22) through a pipeline; a pilot speed regulating valve (24) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder (21), the pilot speed regulating valve (24) is communicated with the reversing valve (22) through a pipeline, and the air pipe joint (23) and the pilot speed regulating valve (24) are also communicated through a pipeline; the lower end of the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder (21) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (211), and the lower surface of the connecting plate (211) is detachably connected with the upper surface of the connecting seat (311) of the positioning mechanism (3).

8. The vehicle axle housing positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (2) includes an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1); the lower end of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (211), and the lower surface of the connecting plate (211) is detachably connected with the upper surface of the connecting seat (311) of the positioning mechanism (3).

9. A machine tool, comprising a numerical control device and a spindle head (5), characterized in that, It further includes the automobile axle housing positioning device according to any one of claims 2-8, and the mounting plate (1) is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the spindle head (5) through bolts; the driving mechanism (2), the air supply mechanism (4) and the adjusting component (32) of the positioning mechanism (3) are respectively electrically connected to the numerical control device.

10. A method for positioning an automobile axle housing, characterized in that, Based on the machine tool according to claim 9, it includes the following steps: Adjust the distance and position of the two sliders (324); Adjust the extending length of the two adjusting studs (312) so as to adjust the angle of the adjusting component (32); Drive the positioning mechanism (3) to move downward so that the two adjusting components (32) are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place; Clamp the axle housing workpiece, drive the positioning mechanism (3) to move upward to a predetermined position, and complete the positioning.

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