Heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three-phase conditions

Abstract

This invention provides a biofilm system for heavy metal ion filtration under three-condition conditions, relating to the field of wastewater treatment technology. It includes a base, a water distribution tank fixed at the center of the top of the base, and an outlet layer fixed around the bottom of the water distribution tank. An inlet pipe is located at the center of the top of the water distribution tank, and a filter plate is fixedly installed inside the tank. Drainage pipes are equidistantly located on the outer surface of the outlet layer. Six filtration components are arranged around the top of the water distribution tank, grouped in pairs. Each filtration component includes a biofilm filter box. Compared to existing technologies, by distributing wastewater to the two biofilm filter boxes in the same group through the water distribution tank, it is possible to replace or clean one group of biological filter media without interrupting equipment operation, restoring its filtration and adsorption performance. This avoids gap problems during replacement and does not affect the overall water delivery volume or treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a biofilm system for filtering heavy metal ions under three conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Biofilms also have a certain purification effect on wastewater containing heavy metal ions and can be used for water pollution control and radioactive waste treatment. For example, in sewage treatment and reuse technology, packing material is used as a carrier to generate a biofilm on the packing material. Polluted water is then flowed through the packing material, so that the water comes into contact with the biofilm on the packing material, which purifies the water. In order to make sewage meet the water quality requirements for discharge into a certain water body or reuse, we need to purify it. Biofilm reactors are reactors in which various packing materials are added to allow microorganisms to attach and grow, forming a biological membrane-like structure on the packing material. It is one of the main technologies for biological sewage treatment.

[0003] Existing biofilm technologies, when treating wastewater containing heavy metal ions, accumulate microorganisms and organic matter over long periods, leading to a decrease in treatment efficiency. Common solutions include removing the biofilm packing material from the wastewater treatment system and performing physical or chemical cleaning, or directly replacing the packing material to maintain treatment efficiency. However, this process causes equipment downtime, reduces the treatment efficiency for heavy metal wastewater, and makes it difficult to monitor the condition of the biofilm packing material in a timely manner, and the replacement time is hard to determine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a biofilm system for heavy metal ion filtration under three-condition conditions to solve the problems mentioned in the background. The present invention has a novel structure. By distributing wastewater to the interiors of two biofilm filter boxes in the same group through a water distribution tank, it is possible to replace or clean one of the biological packing cylinders without interrupting the operation of the equipment, thereby restoring its filtration and adsorption performance. This avoids gap problems during the replacement process and does not affect the overall water delivery volume and treatment efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three-condition conditions, comprising a base, a water distribution tank fixed at the center of the top of the base, and an outlet layer fixed around the bottom of the water distribution tank. An inlet pipe is located at the center of the top of the water distribution tank, and a filter plate is fixedly installed inside the water distribution tank. Drain pipes are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the outlet layer. Six filtration components are arranged around the top of the water distribution tank, with each filtration component grouped in pairs. Each filtration component includes a biofilm filter box, with a lower frame slidably installed at the lower end of the biofilm filter box. A connection port is located at the top of the outlet layer corresponding to the position of the lower frame, and the bottom of the lower frame... The biofilm filter box is connected to the connection port. A delivery pipe is installed on the top of the biofilm filter box, and the other end of the delivery pipe is connected to the side of the water distribution tank located at the bottom of the filter plate. A biological packing cylinder is fixed inside the lower frame, and the top of the biological packing cylinder is slidably inserted into the biofilm filter box. A triggering component is provided on the top of the biofilm filter box. The triggering component includes a float plate, which is set on the upper end of the biological packing cylinder. A vertical rod is fixed on the top of the float plate. The vertical rod slides and seals through the top of the biofilm filter box and the delivery pipe. A driving component is provided on the periphery of the delivery layer. The driving component includes a pull rope. One end of the pull rope is slidably installed on the outside of the delivery layer, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower frame.

[0006] Furthermore, three first partition plates are fixed at equal intervals inside the water distribution tank, and the space between two first partition plates corresponds to the bottom of two biofilm filter boxes. Six second partition plates are fixed at equal intervals inside the delivery layer, and the space between two second partition plates corresponds to the bottom of one biofilm filter box.

[0007] Furthermore, the filtration assembly also includes a mounting bracket, which is fixed to the outside of the biofilm filter box and fixed to the top of the water distribution tank. Reset springs are fixed at equal intervals on the top of the lower frame, and the other end of each reset spring is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the biofilm filter box. A corrugated pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower frame, and the other end of the corrugated pipe is fixedly connected to the connection port.

[0008] Furthermore, a return pipe is provided on one side of the biofilm filter box, and the other end of the return pipe is connected to the side of the water distribution tank located at the top of the filter plate. A drain outlet is provided on the side of the biofilm filter box, and the return pipe is connected to the drain outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the biofilm filter box has a vertical groove on the inner wall corresponding to the drain outlet, and a baffle is slidably inserted into the vertical groove, with the bottom of the baffle fixedly connected to the lower frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the triggering component also includes a suspension rope. Suspension ropes are fixed on both sides of the top of the float plate, and the other end of the suspension rope is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the biofilm filter box. A valve plate is rotatably installed inside the conveying pipe, and the valve stem of the valve plate rotates out of the conveying pipe and is fixed to a winding seat. The winding shafts of the winding seats on the top of the same group of biofilm filter boxes are wound with the same traction rope by a torsion spring.

[0011] Furthermore, a baffle is fixed to the top of the vertical rod, a side plate is fixed to the side of the winding seat, and the baffle and the side plate are in pressure contact. The valve plate is set at a 45-degree angle inside the conveying pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive assembly also includes a sliding frame, and an annular sliding frame is rotatably mounted on the top of the delivery layer via a bearing. A slider is slidably mounted inside the sliding frame corresponding to the bottom of each lower frame, and a pull rope is fixed to the top of the slider.

[0013] Furthermore, friction strips are provided on both sides of the slider, and a bidirectional electric push rod is provided inside the slider, with the extended end of the bidirectional electric push rod inside the slider being fixedly connected to the friction strips.

[0014] Furthermore, a toothed ring is fixed to the outer side of the sliding frame, a motor is fixed to the outer wall of the delivery layer, and a gear is fixed to the output end of the motor, the gear meshing with the toothed ring.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] This invention uses a bidirectional electric push rod inside the slider to push the friction strips on both sides into frictional contact with the inner wall of the slide frame. The bottom sliders of the other unblocked biofilm filter boxes do not move. At this time, the motor drives the gear to rotate and mesh with the gear ring, causing the entire slide frame to rotate. Because the slider is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the slide frame through the friction strips, the pull rope will pull the lower frame downward, pulling out the biological packing tube inside the blocked biofilm filter box, thus facilitating timely cleaning or removal and replacement of the biological packing tube.

[0017] In this invention, after the vertical plate moves upward, the baffle separates from the side plate, thus the winding seat is no longer restricted and rotates through its own torsion spring to wind up the traction rope. The winding seats at the upper ends of the two biofilm filter boxes in the same group wind up one and unwind the other. At the beginning, the valve plates inside the two conveying pipes are both at a 45-degree angle. After rotation, the valve plate inside the conveying pipe of the blocked biofilm filter box is completely closed, while the conveying pipe inside the other biofilm filter box is completely open. At this time, the two semi-open pipes are combined into a fully open pipe, keeping the water flow rate constant and the wastewater treatment efficiency unchanged.

[0018] When the biological packing cylinder becomes clogged and needs to be emptied, the lower frame and the biological packing cylinder move downwards, the baffle moves downwards synchronously, and the vertical channel is opened. At this time, the wastewater that was originally accumulated at the top of the biological packing cylinder is sent back to the water distribution tank through the vertical channel and the drain outlet from the drain pipe. The water distribution tank then transports the untreated wastewater back to other biofilm filter boxes.

[0019] This invention uses a second partition plate to divide the space corresponding to the water discharged from each group of biofilm filter boxes. The heavy metal content in the discharged wastewater is detected by a heavy metal detector. If the content exceeds the standard, it is determined that the treatment effect of the biological packing cylinder has decreased. Then, according to the aforementioned drive component and trigger component, the clogged biological packing cylinder is sent out for replacement. The original two-part working mode is replaced by a group that completes the work independently. This can avoid the gap problem that exists during the replacement process and will not affect the overall water delivery volume and treatment efficiency.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this invention distributes wastewater to the two biofilm filter boxes in the same group through a water distribution tank. This allows for the replacement or cleaning of the biological packing cylinders in one group without interrupting equipment operation, thereby restoring their filtration and adsorption performance. This avoids gap problems during replacement and does not affect the overall water delivery volume and treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a system flow diagram of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the base of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the filter component of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the trigger component structure of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the biofilm filter box of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water distribution tank of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal delivery layer of the heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under the three conditions of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Water distribution tank; 12. Outlet layer; 13. Inlet pipe; 14. Drain pipe; 15. Connection port; 16. First partition plate; 17. Filter plate; 18. Second partition plate; 2. Filter assembly; 21. Biofilm filter box; 22. Lower frame; 23. Mounting bracket; 24. Return spring; 25. Delivery pipe; 26. Return pipe; 27. Biological packing cylinder; 28. Vertical trough; 29. ​​Drain outlet; 210. Baffle; 211. Corrugated pipe; 3. Trigger assembly; 31. Float plate; 32. Suspension rope; 33. Vertical rod; 34. Baffle; 35. Side plate; 36. Valve plate; 37. Rewind seat; 38. Traction rope; 4. Drive assembly; 41. Motor; 42. Gear; 43. Pull rope; 44. Slider; 45. Sliding frame; 46. Gear ring; 47. Friction strip. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 9This invention provides a technical solution: a biofilm system for heavy metal ion filtration under three-condition conditions, including a base 1, a water distribution tank 11 fixed at the center of the top of the base 1, and an outlet layer 12 fixed around the bottom of the water distribution tank 11. An inlet pipe 13 is provided at the center of the top of the water distribution tank 11, and a filter plate 17 is fixedly installed inside the water distribution tank 11. Drain pipes 14 are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the outlet layer 12. Six filter components 2 are provided around the top of the water distribution tank 11. The filter assembly 2 consists of two units, including a biofilm filter box 21. A lower frame 22 is slidably installed at the lower end of the biofilm filter box 21. A connection port 15 is provided at the top of the delivery layer 12 corresponding to the position of the lower frame 22, and the bottom of the lower frame 22 is connected to the connection port 15. A delivery pipe 25 is installed at the top of the biofilm filter box 21, and the other end of the delivery pipe 25 is connected to the side of the water distribution tank 11 located at the bottom of the filter plate 17. A biological packing cylinder 27 is fixed inside the lower frame 22, and the top of the biological packing cylinder 27 is slidably inserted. Inside the biofilm filter box 21, a triggering assembly 3 is provided at the top of the biofilm filter box 21. The triggering assembly 3 includes a float 31, which is located at the upper end of the biological packing cylinder 27. A vertical rod 33 is fixed to the top of the float 31. The vertical rod 33 slides and seals through the top of the biofilm filter box 21 and the top of the delivery pipe 25. A driving assembly 4 is provided around the delivery layer 12. The driving assembly 4 includes a pull rope 43, one end of which is slidably installed on the outside of the delivery layer 12, and the other end of the pull rope 43... Fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower frame 22, when using the device, wastewater is sent in from the inlet pipe 13, filtered through the sieve plate to remove large floating particles, and then transported by the water distribution tank 11 to the interior of the six filter components 2. After the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the filter component 2 adsorbs heavy metal ions, it is discharged into the delivery layer 12 and then sent out through the drain pipe 14. Under the action of the trigger component 3 and the drive component 4, the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the filter component 2 is detected. When the treatment efficiency of the biological packing cylinder 27 decreases, it is sent out for replacement.

[0033] In this embodiment, three first partition plates 16 are fixed at equal intervals inside the water distribution tank 11. The space between two first partition plates 16 corresponds to the bottom of two biofilm filter boxes 21. Six second partition plates 18 are fixed at equal intervals inside the discharge layer 12. The space between two second partition plates 18 corresponds to the bottom of one biofilm filter box 21. There are six biofilm filter boxes 21, arranged in pairs. Wastewater is distributed to the two biofilm filter boxes 21 in the same group through the water distribution tank 11. After treatment, heavy metal ions are adsorbed inside the biological packing cylinder 27 and sent into the discharge layer 12 through the corrugated pipe 211. Then it is discharged through the drain pipe 14. There are two sets of monitoring methods in this scheme: one is trigger-based and the other is autonomous monitoring. In the first method, when the treatment efficiency of the biological packing cylinder 27 in the biofilm filter box 21 decreases, the wastewater located at the top of the biological packing cylinder 27 will gradually accumulate. The float plate 31 is installed inside, which moves upward under the buoyancy of the water and blocks the inlet. At the same time, the vertical rod 33 at the top of the float plate 31 triggers the rotation of the winding seat 37 and the movement of the pull rope 43. The winding seats 37 at the top of the two biofilm filter boxes 21 in the same group are connected to the same pull rope 43, which is connected to the torsion spring. Under the initial restriction of the vertical rod 33, each The valve plate 36 inside the conveying pipe 25 is opened at a 45-degree angle. The top winding seat 37 of one group of blocked biofilm filter boxes 21 winds up the pull rope 43, while the other group unwinds. Consequently, the valve plate 36 of the blocked conveying pipe 25 closes, and the other group is fully open, ensuring that the water flow and wastewater treatment efficiency of both groups remain constant. The bottom drive assembly 4 of the blocked biofilm filter box 21 opens the lower frame 22, and the biological packing cylinder 27 installed on the lower frame 22 is pulled out from the bottom. The remaining wastewater returns to the distribution tank 11. This allows for the replacement or cleaning of one group of biological packing cylinders 27 without interrupting equipment operation, thus restoring the system. Its filtration and adsorption performance; the second type is autonomous monitoring, specifically, the inside of the delivery layer 12 is equipped with multiple second partition plates 18, the space separated by the second partition plates 18 corresponds to the water discharged from each group of biofilm filter boxes 21, the heavy metal content in the delivered wastewater is detected by a heavy metal detector, when the content exceeds the standard, it is determined that the treatment effect of the biological packing cylinder 27 has decreased, and the clogged biological packing cylinder 27 is sent out for replacement according to the aforementioned drive component 4 and trigger component 3, replacing the original two-part working mode with one group completing independently, thus avoiding the gap problem in the replacement process, and not affecting the overall water delivery volume and treatment efficiency.

[0034] In this embodiment, the filter assembly 2 further includes a mounting bracket 23. The mounting bracket 23 is fixed to the outside of the biofilm filter box 21 and is fixed to the top of the water distribution tank 11. Return springs 24 are fixed at equal intervals on the top of the lower frame 22, and the other end of the return springs 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the biofilm filter box 21. A corrugated pipe 211 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower frame 22, and the other end of the corrugated pipe 211 is fixedly connected to the connection port 15. A return pipe 26 is provided on one side of the biofilm filter box 21, and the other end of the return pipe 26 communicates with the side of the water distribution tank 11 located at the top of the filter plate 17. A drain outlet 29 is opened on the side of the biofilm filter box 21, and the return pipe 26 is connected to the drain outlet 29. A vertical groove 28 is provided on the inner wall of the biofilm filter box 21 corresponding to the drain outlet 29, and a baffle 210 is slidably inserted into the vertical groove 28. The bottom of the baffle 210 is fixedly connected to the lower frame 22. The lower frame 22 and the biofilm filter box 21 are held together as a whole tank by a return spring 24. At this time, the baffle 210 blocks the vertical groove 28. When the biological packing cylinder 27 is blocked and needs to be discharged, the lower frame 22 and the biological packing cylinder 27 move downward, and the baffle 210 moves downward synchronously. The vertical groove 28 is opened. At this time, the wastewater that was originally accumulated at the top of the biological packing cylinder 27 is sent back to the water distribution tank 11 through the vertical groove 28 and the drain outlet 29 from the drain pipe 14. The water distribution tank 11 then transports the untreated wastewater back to the other biofilm filter boxes 21.

[0035] In this embodiment, the triggering component 3 further includes a suspension rope 32. Suspension ropes 32 are fixed to both sides of the top of the float 31, and the other end of the suspension rope 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the biofilm filter box 21. A valve plate 36 is rotatably installed inside the conveying pipe 25, and the valve stem of the valve plate 36 rotates through the conveying pipe 25 and is fixed to a winding seat 37. The winding shafts of the winding seats 37 at the top of the same group of biofilm filter boxes 21 are wound with the same traction rope 38 via a torsion spring. A baffle 34 is fixed to the top of the vertical rod 33, and a side plate 35 is fixed to the side of the winding seat 37, with the baffle 34 and the side plate 35 in contact. The valve plate 36 is set at a 45-degree angle inside the conveying pipe 25. During prolonged use, the processing efficiency of the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the biofilm filter box 21 decreases, potentially leading to a reduction in wastewater throughput. Wastewater gradually accumulates on the upper part of the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the biofilm filter box 21. At this time, the float 31 moves upward due to the buoyancy of the water. The movement blocks the conveying pipe 25. Here, a magnet is set at the connection port 15 between the conveying pipe 25 and the biofilm filter box 21 to attract the float 31. After the float 31 moves to the top, it will not descend. It can be manually reset later. At the same time, the vertical rod 33 moves upward. Originally, the baffle 34 had a limiting effect on the side plate 35. After the vertical plate moves upward, the baffle 34 and the side plate 35 separate. Thus, the winding seat 37 is no longer restricted and rotates through its own torsion spring to wind up the traction rope 38. The winding seats 37 at the upper end of the two biofilm filter boxes 21 in the same group wind up one and unwind the other. At the beginning, the valve plates 36 inside the two conveying pipes 25 are in a 45-degree state. After rotation, the valve plates 36 inside the conveying pipe 25 of the blocked group of biofilm filter boxes 21 are completely closed, while the conveying pipe 25 inside the other group of biofilm filter boxes 21 is completely open. At this time, the two semi-open pipes are combined into a fully open pipe, keeping the water flow constant and the wastewater treatment efficiency unchanged.

[0036] In this embodiment, the driving component 4 further includes a sliding frame 45. A circular sliding frame 45 is rotatably mounted on the top of the delivery layer 12 via a bearing. A slider 44 is slidably mounted inside the sliding frame 45 corresponding to the bottom of each lower frame 22, and a pull rope 43 is fixed to the top of the slider 44. Friction strips 47 are provided on both sides of the slider 44, and a bidirectional electric push rod is provided inside the slider 44. The extended end of the bidirectional electric push rod inside the slider 44 is fixedly connected to the friction strips 47. A gear ring 46 is fixed to the outer side of the sliding frame 45. A motor 41 is fixed to the outer wall of the delivery layer 12, and a gear 42 is fixed to the output end of the motor 41. The gear 42 meshes with the gear ring 46. A sensor can be installed on the trigger component 3. Whenever the trigger component 3 above a set of biofilm filter boxes 21 triggers a blockage warning, it transmits an electrical signal to the slider 44 and motor 41 at the lower end. The bidirectional electric push rod inside the slider 44 pushes the friction strips 47 on both sides to rub against the inner wall of the slide frame 45. The sliders 44 at the bottom of the other sets of unblocked biofilm filter boxes 21 do not move. At this time, the motor 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate and mesh with the gear ring 46, driving the entire slide frame 45 to rotate. Because the slider 44 rubs against the inner wall of the slide frame 45 through the friction strips 47, the pull rope 43 will pull the lower frame 22 to move downward, pulling out the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the blocked biofilm filter box 21, so that it is convenient for manual cleaning or removal of the biological packing cylinder 27 for replacement.

[0037] When using the device, wastewater is fed in through the inlet pipe 13, filtered through a screen to remove large floating particles, and then transported by the distribution tank 11 to the six filter components 2. After treatment, heavy metal ions are adsorbed inside the biological packing cylinder 27 and sent through the corrugated pipe 211 to the outlet layer 12, and then discharged through the drain pipe 14. This scheme has two monitoring methods: one triggered and one autonomous. The first method detects a decrease in the treatment efficiency of the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the biofilm filter box 21. Over time, the treatment efficiency of the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the biofilm filter box 21 decreases, which may lead to… As the wastewater throughput decreases, the wastewater gradually accumulates at the top of the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the biofilm filter box 21. At this point, the float plate 31 moves upward due to the buoyancy of the water, blocking the delivery pipe 25. A magnet is installed at the connection port 15 between the delivery pipe 25 and the biofilm filter box 21 to attract the float plate 31. After the float plate 31 moves to the top, it will not descend further and can be manually reset later. At the same time, the vertical rod 33 moves upward. Originally, the baffle 34 had a limiting effect on the side plate 35. After the vertical rod moves upward, the baffle 34 separates from the side plate 35, so the winding seat 37 is no longer restricted and can move upward by its own torque. The spring rotates to wind up the traction rope 38. The upper winding seats 37 of the two biofilm filter boxes 21 in the same group wind up one and unwind the other. Initially, the valve plates 36 inside the two delivery pipes 25 are both at a 45-degree angle. After rotation, the valve plate 36 inside the delivery pipe 25 of the blocked biofilm filter box 21 is completely closed, while the delivery pipe 25 of the other group is completely open. At this time, the two semi-open pipes are combined into a fully open pipe, maintaining a constant water flow rate and wastewater treatment efficiency. Whenever the trigger component 3 above a group of biofilm filter boxes 21 triggers a blockage warning, the telecommunications... The signal is transmitted to the lower slider 44 and motor 41. The bidirectional electric push rod inside the slider 44 pushes the friction strips 47 on both sides to rub against the inner wall of the slide frame 45. The bottom sliders 44 of the other unblocked biofilm filter boxes 21 do not move. At this time, the motor 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate and mesh with the gear ring 46, driving the entire slide frame 45 to rotate. Because the slider 44 rubs against the inner wall of the slide frame 45 through the friction strips 47, the pull rope 43 will pull the lower frame 22 to move downward, pulling the biological packing cylinder 27 inside the blocked biofilm filter box 21 downward, so that it is convenient for manual cleaning or removal of the biological packing cylinder 27 for replacement.The second type is autonomous monitoring. Specifically, the discharge layer 12 has multiple partitions inside, with the spaces separated by these partitions corresponding to the water discharged from each group of biofilm filter boxes 21. A heavy metal detector measures the heavy metal content in the discharged wastewater. If the content exceeds the standard, it is determined that the treatment effect of the biological filter cartridge 27 has decreased. Therefore, the clogged biological filter cartridge 27 is discharged and replaced according to the aforementioned drive component 4 and trigger component 3. This replaces the original two-part working mode with one group operating independently, thus avoiding gaps in the replacement process and not affecting the overall water delivery volume and treatment efficiency.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and its advantages. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0039] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biofilm system for filtering heavy metal ions under three conditions, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A water distribution tank (11) is fixed at the center of the top of the base (1), and an outlet layer (12) is fixed at the bottom periphery of the water distribution tank (11) on the base (1). An inlet pipe (13) is provided at the center of the top of the water distribution tank (11), and a filter plate (17) is fixedly installed inside the water distribution tank (11). Drainage pipes (14) are provided at equal intervals on the outer surface of the outlet layer (12). Six filter components (2) are provided on the top periphery of the water distribution tank (11). The filter components (2) are arranged in pairs. The filter components (2) include a biofilm filter box (21). A lower frame (22) is slidably installed at the lower end of the biofilm filter box (21). A connection port (15) is provided at the top of the delivery layer (12) corresponding to the position of the lower frame (22), and the bottom of the lower frame (22) is connected to the connection port (15). A delivery pipe (25) is installed at the top of the biofilm filter box (21), and the other end of the delivery pipe (25) is connected to the side of the water distribution tank (11) located at the bottom of the filter plate (17). A biological packing cylinder (27) is fixed inside the lower frame (22), and the top of the biological packing cylinder (27) is slidably inserted into the biofilm filter box (21). A triggering assembly (3) is provided on the top of the biofilm filter box (21). The triggering assembly (3) includes a float (31), which is located on the upper end of the biofilm packing cylinder (27). A vertical rod (33) is fixed on the top of the float (31). The vertical rod (33) slides through the top of the biofilm filter box (21) and the delivery pipe (25). A driving assembly (4) is provided on the periphery of the delivery layer (12). The driving assembly (4) includes a pull rope (43). One end of the pull rope (43) is slidably installed on the outside of the delivery layer (12), and the other end of the pull rope (43) is also slidably installed on the outside of the delivery layer (12). One end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower frame (22). The drive assembly (4) also includes a sliding frame (45). The top of the delivery layer (12) is rotatably mounted with a circular sliding frame (45) through a bearing. A slider (44) is slidably mounted inside the sliding frame (45) corresponding to the bottom of each lower frame (22). A pull rope (43) is fixed to the top of the slider (44). Friction strips (47) are provided on both sides of the slider (44). A bidirectional electric push rod is provided inside the slider (44). The extended end of the bidirectional electric push rod inside the slider (44) is fixedly connected to the friction strip (47).

2. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution tank (11) has three first partition plates (16) fixed at equal intervals inside, and the space between two first partition plates (16) corresponds to the bottom of two biofilm filter boxes (21). The discharge layer (12) has six second partition plates (18) fixed at equal intervals inside, and the space between two second partition plates (18) corresponds to the bottom of one biofilm filter box (21).

3. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (2) also includes a mounting bracket (23). The mounting bracket (23) is fixed on the outside of the biofilm filter box (21) and the mounting bracket (23) is fixed on the top of the water distribution tank (11). The bottom frame (22) is fixed with a return spring (24) at equal intervals. The other end of the return spring (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the biofilm filter box (21). The bottom of the bottom frame (22) is fixedly connected with a corrugated pipe (211) and the other end of the corrugated pipe (211) is fixedly connected to the connection port (15).

4. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: A return pipe (26) is provided on one side of the biofilm filter box (21), and the other end of the return pipe (26) is connected to the side of the water distribution tank (11) located on the top of the filter plate (17). A drain outlet (29) is opened on the side of the biofilm filter box (21), and the return pipe (26) is connected to the drain outlet (29).

5. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The biofilm filter box (21) has a vertical groove (28) on the inner wall corresponding to the drain outlet (29), and a baffle (210) is slidably inserted in the vertical groove (28). The bottom of the baffle (210) is fixedly connected to the lower frame (22).

6. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triggering component (3) also includes a suspension rope (32). The suspension rope (32) is fixed on both sides of the top of the float (31), and the other end of the suspension rope (32) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the biofilm filter box (21). A valve plate (36) is rotatably installed inside the conveying pipe (25), and the valve stem of the valve plate (36) rotates out of the conveying pipe (25) and is fixed with a winding seat (37). The winding shaft of the winding seat (37) at the top of the same group of biofilm filter boxes (21) is wound with the same traction rope (38) by a torsion spring.

7. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the vertical rod (33) is fixed with a baffle (34), the side of the winding seat (37) is fixed with a side plate (35), and the baffle (34) and the side plate (35) are pressed together. The valve plate (36) is set at a 45-degree angle inside the conveying pipe (25).

8. The heavy metal ion filtration biofilm system under three conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A toothed ring (46) is fixed on the outer side of the slide frame (45), a motor (41) is fixed on the outer wall of the delivery layer (12), and a gear (42) is fixed on the output end of the motor (41). The gear (42) meshes with the toothed ring (46).

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