Personalized customized car cover based on 3D printing technology and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material science and 3D printing, and particularly relates to a personalized customized car cover based on a 3D printing technology and a preparation process thereof.The car cover is integrally formed by, by weight, 80%-85% of polyurethane acrylate components, 1%-3% of a curing agent, 1%-3% of a curing agent and 1%-3% of an antioxidant through the 3D printing technology. The component is a polyurethane prepolymer prepared by reaction of polytetrahydrofuran glycol and isophorone diisocyanate, and the like. According to the invention, by optimizing the preparation process of the polyurethane acrylate component and introducing the triblock copolymer modifier and methyl methacrylate, the strength and toughness of the car cover material are improved; meanwhile, a proper amount of toughening modifier and self-repairing microcapsules are added, the durability and self-repairing capacity of the car cover are further enhanced, in addition, the preparation technology is simple and efficient, and rapid customization and production of the car cover can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of materials science and 3D printing technology, and particularly relates to a personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology and its preparation process. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of automotive culture and the increasing growth of consumers' personalized needs, traditional car wraps have been difficult to meet the market's demands for diversification and customization. Traditional car wraps mostly adopt processes such as spraying or pasting. Not only are the production processes cumbersome and time-consuming, but it is also difficult to achieve complex patterns and texture effects. At the same time, their durability and self-healing ability are also limited. In addition, traditional car wraps often require a large amount of manual operation during the installation process, with high costs and easy errors; In response to the above problems, 3D printing technology has gradually attracted attention due to its characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, and customization. Through 3D printing technology, car wraps with complex patterns, textures, and color gradients can be quickly produced according to customer needs, while achieving efficient utilization of materials and cost reduction. However, currently, most car wrap materials based on 3D printing technology have problems such as insufficient strength, poor toughness, and poor weather resistance, and are difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved The present invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art such as insufficient strength, poor toughness, poor weather resistance of car wrap materials, and difficulty in achieving personalized customization. It provides a personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology and its preparation process. The car wrap is made of specific formulated materials and is integrally formed by 3D printing technology. It not only has excellent mechanical properties and weather resistance, but also has self-healing ability. At the same time, it can be personalized designed according to customer needs to meet the diverse needs of the market.

[0004] (II) Technical Solutions The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: The present invention proposes a personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology. The car wrap is integrally formed by 3D printing technology with the following formulated materials by weight percentage. The specific formula is: Polyurethane acrylate component: accounting for 80%-85%. This component is a polyurethane prepolymer prepared by the reaction of polytetrahydrofuran diol and isophorone diisocyanate. This prepolymer is further reacted with a triblock copolymer modifier based on a poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(butadiene)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) structure and methyl methacrylate; Photoinitiator: accounting for 2%-4%. The specific components are 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phosphine oxide, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, or a mixture of the two; Toughening modifier: accounting for 5% - 10%, and the specific components are one or more of polybutadiene rubber particles, poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell structure polymer, or styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene block copolymer; Self-healing microcapsules: accounting for 2% - 3%, and the microcapsules use urea-formaldehyde resin material as the wall material, and the wall material encapsulates a repair agent, and the repair agent is a mixture of cyclopentadiene and a ruthenium-based metal carbene catalyst; The preparation process of the polyurethane acrylate component is as follows: the reaction of polytetrahydrofuran diol and isophorone diisocyanate is carried out at a temperature of 60 - 80 °C, using dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst, and the reaction time is 2 - 4 hours until the content of isocyanate group NCO reaches 3 - 5%. Subsequently, the prepared polyurethane prepolymer is reacted with a triblock copolymer modifier and methyl methacrylate at 70 - 90 °C, adding azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, and the reaction time is 3 - 6 hours; The particle size of the polybutadiene rubber particles in the toughening modifier is 1 - 10 microns; The core-shell ratio of the poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell structure polymer is 1:2 to 1:4, and the core-shell ratio is the ratio of the core layer thickness to the shell layer thickness; When the self-healing microcapsules are prepared using urea-formaldehyde resin as the wall material, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea in the preparation process is 1.5:1 to 2:1, and the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions; the ruthenium-based metal carbene catalyst in the repair agent is RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) catalyst, and its catalyst concentration in the repair agent is 0.1% - 1%.

[0005] The present invention also provides a process for preparing the above-mentioned personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology, and the preparation process steps are as follows: a) Raw material preparation: Weigh each component material to ensure accurate proportioning; b) Mixing: At room temperature, the polyurethane acrylate component, photoinitiator, toughening modifier, and self-healing microcapsules are mixed in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 2000 - 3000 rpm for 10 - 15 minutes until a uniform resin mixture without bubbles is formed; c) 3D printing: Using a photocuring 3D printer, set the layer thickness to 0.075 mm, the printing speed to 10 - 15 mm / s, and print layer by layer according to the preset three-dimensional model; d) Ultraviolet light curing: Place the printed car wrap in an ultraviolet light curing chamber, use an ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 365 nm, adjust the light intensity to 50 - 70 mW / cm², and the irradiation time is 20 - 30 minutes until the car wrap is completely cured; e) Post-treatment: First, remove the support structure using a robotic arm or manually. Subsequently, use an automatic grinding machine with 240 - 400 mesh sandpaper for preliminary grinding to remove the surface rough layer. Then, use 800 - 1200 mesh sandpaper for fine grinding to improve the surface flatness. Finally, perform polishing treatment using a polishing machine with a special polishing agent until the surface of the car wrap reaches a mirror finish; During the 3D printing process, the resin tank temperature of the UV - curing 3D printer is 25°C ± 2°C.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a personalized design step: Before 3D printing, use 3D scanning technology to obtain the precise three - dimensional data of the vehicle surface, and combine the personalized requirements of patterns and colors provided by the customer. Design an exclusive car wrap model through CAD software, and this model includes patterns, textures, or color gradients.

[0007] Preferably, in the UV - curing process, a segmented UV - curing method can also be adopted, that is, in the initial stage, use a light intensity of 70mW / cm² and an irradiation time of 10 minutes to quickly form a cured film on the surface of the car wrap; then reduce the light intensity to 50mW / cm² and extend the irradiation time to the remaining 20 minutes to ensure that the inside of the car wrap can also be fully cured.

[0008] (III) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By optimizing the preparation process of the polyurethane acrylate component, introducing a triblock copolymer modifier and methyl methacrylate, the present invention improves the strength and toughness of the car wrap material; at the same time, adding an appropriate amount of toughening modifier and self - healing microcapsules further enhances the durability and self - healing ability of the car wrap. In addition, the preparation process of the present invention is simple and efficient, and can realize the rapid customization and production of the car wrap. Specific embodiments

[0009] In this technical solution: In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present invention in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0010] The present invention proposes a personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology. The car wrap is integrally formed by 3D printing technology using the following formula materials by weight percentage. The specific formula is: Polyurethane acrylate component: accounting for 80% - 85%, this component is a polyurethane prepolymer prepared by the reaction of polytetrahydrofuran diol and isophorone diisocyanate, and this prepolymer is further prepared by reacting with a triblock copolymer modifier based on the structure of polymethyl methacrylate - b - polybutadiene - b - polymethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate; Photoinitiator: accounting for 2% - 4%, the specific components are 2,4,6 - trimethylbenzoyl phosphine oxide, 1 - hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone or a mixture of both; Toughening modifier: accounting for 5% - 10%, the specific components are one or more of polybutadiene rubber particles, polymethyl methacrylate - b - polybutadiene - b - polymethyl methacrylate core - shell structure polymers or styrene - ethylene - butene - styrene block copolymers; Self - healing microcapsules: accounting for 2% - 3%, the microcapsules use urea - formaldehyde resin material as the wall material, and the wall material encapsulates a repair agent, and the repair agent is a mixture of cyclopentadiene and a ruthenium - based metal carbene catalyst; The preparation process of the polyurethane acrylate component is as follows: the reaction of polytetrahydrofuran diol and isophorone diisocyanate is carried out at a temperature of 60 - 80 °C, using dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst, and the reaction time is 2 - 4 hours until the NCO content of the isocyanate group reaches 3 - 5%. Subsequently, the prepared polyurethane prepolymer is reacted with the triblock copolymer modifier and methyl methacrylate at 70 - 90 °C, adding azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, and the reaction time is 3 - 6 hours; The particle size of the polybutadiene rubber particles in the toughening modifier is 1 - 10 microns; The core - shell ratio of the polymethyl methacrylate - b - polybutadiene - b - polymethyl methacrylate core - shell structure polymer is 1:2 to 1:4, and the core - shell ratio is the ratio of the core layer thickness to the shell layer thickness; When the self - healing microcapsules are prepared using urea - formaldehyde resin as the wall material, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea in the preparation process is 1.5:1 to 2:1, and the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions; the ruthenium - based metal carbene catalyst in the repair agent is RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) catalyst, and its catalyst concentration in the repair agent is 0.1% - 1%.

[0011] The present invention also provides a process for preparing the above - mentioned personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology, and the steps of the preparation process are as follows: a) Raw material preparation: Weigh each component material to ensure accurate proportioning; b) Mixing: At room temperature, the polyurethane acrylate component, photoinitiator, toughening modifier and self - healing microcapsules are mixed in a high - speed mixer at a speed of 2000 - 3000 rpm for 10 - 15 minutes until a uniform resin mixture without bubbles is formed; c) 3D printing: Use a stereolithography 3D printer, set the layer thickness to 0.075 mm, the printing speed to 10 - 15 mm / s, and perform layer-by-layer printing according to the preset 3D model; d) UV curing: Place the printed car wrap in a UV curing chamber, use a UV light source with a wavelength of 365 nm, adjust the light intensity to 50 - 70 mW / cm², and irradiate for 20 - 30 minutes until the car wrap is completely cured; e) Post-treatment: First, remove the support structure using a robotic arm or manually. Subsequently, use an automatic grinding machine with 240 - 400 mesh sandpaper for preliminary grinding to remove the surface roughness layer. Then, use 800 - 1200 mesh sandpaper for fine grinding to improve the surface flatness. Finally, perform polishing treatment using a polishing machine with a special polishing agent until the surface of the car wrap reaches a mirror finish; During the 3D printing process, the resin tank temperature of the stereolithography 3D printer is 25°C ± 2°C.

[0012] Among them, it also includes a personalized design step: Before 3D printing, use 3D scanning technology to obtain accurate three-dimensional data of the vehicle surface, and combine the personalized requirements of patterns and colors provided by the customer to design an exclusive car wrap model through CAD software, which includes patterns, textures, or color gradients.

[0013] Among them, in UV curing, a UV light segmented curing method can also be adopted, that is, in the initial stage, use a light intensity of 70 mW / cm² and an irradiation time of 10 minutes to quickly form a cured film on the surface of the car wrap; then reduce the light intensity to 50 mW / cm² and extend the irradiation time to the remaining 20 min to ensure that the inside of the car wrap can also be fully cured. Example 1

[0014] Detailed design data: Polyurethane acrylate component: 82% (by weight percentage), specifically a polyurethane prepolymer prepared by reacting polytetrahydrofuran glycol and isophorone diisocyanate at 70°C for 3 hours, and then reacting with a poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(butadiene)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) triblock copolymer modifier (core-shell ratio 1:3) and methyl methacrylate at 80°C for 4 hours; Photoinitiator: 3%, specifically a 1:1 mixture of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphine oxide and 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; Toughening modifier: 7%, using polybutadiene rubber particles with a particle size of 5 microns; Self-healing microcapsules: 2.5%, with a urea-formaldehyde resin wall material (molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea 1.8:1), encapsulating cyclopentadiene and RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) catalyst (catalyst concentration 0.5%); Experimental data and parameters: 3D printing parameters: layer thickness 0.075 mm, printing speed 12 mm / s, resin tank temperature 25 °C; UV curing: initial light intensity 70 mW / cm², irradiated for 10 minutes; then reduced to 50 mW / cm² and continued to irradiate for 20 minutes; Post-treatment: initially polished with 320-mesh sandpaper, finely ground with 800-mesh sandpaper, and finally polished; Experimental results: The surface of the car wrap is smooth, without bubbles and cracks, the tensile strength reaches 30 MPa, the elongation at break is 400%, and the self-healing efficiency (strength recovery rate after simulating scratch repair) reaches 90%. Example 2

[0015] Detailed design data: Polyurethane acrylate component: 80% (by weight), the preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1, but the prepolymer reaction time is extended to 4 hours; Photoinitiator: 4%, all using 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; Toughening modifier: 8%, using a poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(butadiene)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell structure polymer (core-shell ratio 1:4); Self-healing microcapsules: 2%, the preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1, but the catalyst concentration is adjusted to 0.8%; Experimental data and parameters: 3D printing parameters: the same as in Example 1; UV curing: using a uniform light intensity of 60 mW / cm² and irradiating for 30 minutes; Post-treatment: initially polished with 240-mesh sandpaper, finely ground with 1000-mesh sandpaper, and finally polished; Experimental results: The surface of the car wrap is delicate, with uniform color, the tensile strength reaches 32 MPa, the elongation at break slightly decreases to 380%, and the self-healing efficiency reaches 92%. Example 3

[0016] Detailed design data: Polyurethane acrylate component: 85% (by weight), the preparation conditions are similar to those in Example 1, but the reaction temperature is increased to 75 °C; Photoinitiator: 2%, all using 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phosphine oxide; Toughening modifier: 5%, using a styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene block copolymer; Self-healing microcapsules: 3%, the preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1, and the catalyst concentration is 0.3%; Experimental data and parameters: 3D printing parameters: layer thickness adjusted to 0.05 mm, printing speed 10 mm / s, resin tank temperature 25°C ± 1°C; UV curing: initial light intensity 65 mW / cm², irradiated for 8 minutes; then reduced to 55 mW / cm² and continued to irradiate for 22 minutes; Post-treatment: initially polished with 400-mesh sandpaper, finely ground with 1200-mesh sandpaper, and finally polished; Experimental results: The surface of the car wrap is extremely smooth, the tensile strength reaches 31 MPa, the elongation at break is 420%, and the self-healing efficiency reaches 88%.

[0017] Examples of ordinary car wraps for comparison Materials of ordinary car wraps: common PVC materials, without special additives; Experimental data and comparison: Tensile strength: about 15 MPa, significantly lower than the car wrap in the example; Elongation at break: about 200%, lower than the car wrap in the example; Self-healing ability: None, once damaged, it needs to be replaced or repaired; Weather resistance: greatly affected by ultraviolet rays and temperature changes, prone to aging and deformation; Personalized customization ability: Limited, mainly achieved through film sticking or printing, unable to precisely match the vehicle shape and customer needs like 3D printed car wraps.

[0018] Polyurethane acrylate component: The polyurethane acrylate component, as the core material of the present invention, accounts for as high as 80% - 85%. This high proportion ensures that the car wrap has excellent mechanical properties and weather resistance; this component is prepared by reacting polytetrahydrofuran glycol with isophorone diisocyanate at 60 - 80°C to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer. Dibutyltin dilaurate is used as a catalyst in this process to ensure the efficient progress of the reaction; experimental data shows that when the reaction time is controlled within 2 - 4 hours and the content of isocyanate group NCO reaches 3 - 5%, the properties of the prepolymer are the most stable; subsequently, the prepolymer further reacts with a triblock copolymer modifier (based on the structure of poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)) and methyl methacrylate at 70 - 90°C. Azobisisobutyronitrile is used as an initiator to promote the smooth progress of the reaction; this step not only enhances the crosslinking density of the material but also significantly improves its hardness and wear resistance; experimental data indicates that after this step of treatment, the tensile strength of the polyurethane acrylate component can be increased by about 30%, and the elongation at break remains within a reasonable range, ensuring the flexibility and durability of the car wrap; Photoinitiator: The photoinitiator accounts for 2%-4% of the overall formulation and is a key component in the UV-curing 3D printing process. The 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphine oxide, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, or their mixture selected in this invention can rapidly generate free radicals under UV irradiation, initiating the polymerization reaction in the resin mixture. Experimental data shows that these photoinitiators can initiate the polymerization reaction within a very short time (from a few seconds to a few minutes) under the conditions of a UV wavelength of 365 nm and a light intensity of 50-70 mW / cm², enabling the rapid curing of the car wrap. By adjusting the type and proportion of the photoinitiator, the curing speed and curing depth can be precisely controlled to meet different printing requirements. Toughening modifier: The toughening modifier accounts for 5%-10% of the overall formulation and is mainly used to improve the toughness and impact resistance of the car wrap. One or more of polybutadiene rubber particles, poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell structure polymers, or styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene block copolymers are selected as the toughening modifier in this invention. Among them, the particle size of the polybutadiene rubber particles is controlled within the range of 1-10 microns, which can be effectively dispersed in the resin matrix to form a "sea-island structure" and improve the toughness of the material. Experimental data shows that after adding an appropriate amount of the toughening modifier, the impact strength of the car wrap can be increased by about 20%, while maintaining good hardness and wear resistance. Self-healing microcapsules: The self-healing microcapsules account for 2%-3% of the overall formulation and are a major innovation point of this invention. These microcapsules are made of urea-formaldehyde resin as the wall material to encapsulate a mixture of cyclopentadiene and a ruthenium-based metal carbene catalyst (such as RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh)). When the microcapsules rupture, the repair agent is released and undergoes a polymerization reaction to fill the cracks or damages, achieving the self-healing function. Experimental data shows that when the catalyst concentration in the microcapsules is controlled within the range of 0.1%-1%, the repair effect is optimal. In addition, during the preparation process of the urea-formaldehyde resin wall material, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea is controlled between 1.5:1 and 2:1, ensuring the strength and stability of the wall material. Analysis of the preparation process: The preparation process of the present invention comprises five steps: raw material preparation, mixing, 3D printing, ultraviolet light curing and post-processing. The 3D printing step uses a light-curing 3D printer to print layer by layer according to a preset three-dimensional model, with the layer thickness set to 0.075 mm and the printing speed controlled at 10-15 mm / s. This precision setting ensures the detail restoration and surface quality of the car cover. The ultraviolet light curing step adopts a segmented curing method, first quickly forming a surface curing film under a higher light intensity, and then reducing the light intensity to extend the irradiation time to ensure sufficient internal curing. Experimental data show that this curing method can not only improve the curing efficiency, but also reduce the internal stress and deformation during the curing process. The post-processing step further improves the surface flatness and glossiness of the car cover through grinding and polishing, so that it achieves a mirror effect. In summary, the present invention has successfully developed a personalized customized car cover based on 3D printing technology by optimizing the formula and preparation process; the car cover not only has excellent mechanical properties and weather resistance, but also has self-repair ability, and can be personalized according to customer needs, and has broad market application prospects.

[0019] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. In addition, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices stated in the device claim can also be implemented by one unit or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

[0020] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a specific example of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and there are many variations. All variations that can be directly derived or associated with the content disclosed by a person skilled in the art should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology, characterized in that: The vehicle wrap is integrally formed by 3D printing technology with the following formula materials by weight percentage. The specific formula is as follows: Polyurethane acrylate component: accounting for 80%-85%. This component is a polyurethane prepolymer prepared by reacting polytetrahydrofuran glycol with isophorone diisocyanate. This prepolymer is further reacted with a triblock copolymer modifier based on a poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) structure and methyl methacrylate. Photoinitiator: accounting for 2%-4%. The specific components are 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphine oxide, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone or a mixture of the two. Toughening modifier: accounting for 5%-10%. The specific components are one or more of polybutadiene rubber particles, poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell structure polymers or styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene block copolymers. Self-healing microcapsules: accounting for 2%-3%. The microcapsules use urea-formaldehyde resin material as the wall material, and the wall material encapsulates a repair agent, and the repair agent is a mixture of cyclopentadiene and a ruthenium-based metal carbene catalyst.

2. The personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation process of the polyurethane acrylate component is as follows: The reaction of polytetrahydrofuran glycol with isophorone diisocyanate is carried out at a temperature of 60-80°C, using dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst, and the reaction time is 2-4 hours until the content of isocyanate group NCO reaches 3-5%. Subsequently, the prepared polyurethane prepolymer is reacted with the triblock copolymer modifier and methyl methacrylate at 70-90°C, adding azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, and the reaction time is 3-6 hours.

3. The personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the polybutadiene rubber particles in the toughening modifier is 1-10 microns.

4. The personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, wherein: The core-shell ratio of the poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell structure polymer is 1:2 to 1:4, and the core-shell ratio is the ratio of the core layer thickness to the shell layer thickness.

5. The personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the self-healing microcapsules are prepared using urea-formaldehyde resin as the wall material, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea in the preparation process is 1.5:1 to 2:1, and the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions; the ruthenium-based metal carbene catalyst in the repair agent is RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) catalyst, and its catalyst concentration in the repair agent is 0.1%-1%.

6. A process for preparing a personalized customized car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The preparation process steps are as follows: a) Raw material preparation: Weigh each component material to ensure accurate proportioning. b) Mixing: At room temperature, the polyurethane acrylate component, photoinitiator, toughening modifier and self-healing microcapsules are mixed in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 10-15 minutes until a uniform resin mixture without bubbles is formed. c) 3D printing: Use a photocuring 3D printer, set the layer thickness to 0.075 mm, the printing speed to 10-15 mm / s, and perform layer-by-layer printing according to the preset three-dimensional model. d) UV curing: Place the printed car wrap in a UV curing chamber. Use a UV light source with a wavelength of 365 nm, adjust the light intensity to 50 - 70 mW / cm², and irradiate for 20 - 30 minutes until the car wrap is completely cured; e) Post - processing: First, remove the support structure using a robotic arm or manually. Then, use an automatic sander with 240 - 400 - mesh sandpaper for preliminary sanding to remove the surface rough layer. Next, use 800 - 1200 - mesh sandpaper for fine grinding to improve the surface flatness. Finally, perform a polishing treatment using a polisher with a special polishing agent until the surface of the car wrap reaches a mirror finish.

7. A personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology and its preparation process according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the 3D printing process in step c), the resin tank temperature of the light - curing 3D printer is 25°C ± 2°C.

8. The preparation process of a personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a personalized design step: Before 3D printing, use 3D scanning technology to obtain accurate three - dimensional data of the vehicle surface, and combine the personalized requirements of patterns and colors provided by the customer. Design an exclusive car wrap model through CAD software, which includes patterns, textures, or color gradients.

9. The preparation process of a personalized custom car wrap based on 3D printing technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the UV curing in step d), a UV light segmental curing method can also be adopted, that is, in the initial stage, use a light intensity of 70 mW / cm² and an irradiation time of 10 minutes to quickly form a cured film on the surface of the car wrap; then reduce the light intensity to 50 mW / cm² and extend the irradiation time to the remaining 20 minutes to ensure that the inside of the car wrap can also be fully cured.