Turning, grinding and milling combined machining numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The turning, grinding and milling combined machining numerical control machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism and a cooling recycling mechanism, the machine tool body comprises an operation table, and a combined machining unit used for conducting drilling, grinding and milling integrated machining on a workpiece is installed on the operation table; the self-adaptive clamping mechanism comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the operation table, a rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the mounting plate, a composite clamping assembly is detachably mounted at the end, facing the composite machining unit, of the rotating shaft, and the composite clamping assembly is combined through a plurality of air bag expansion bodies to form an annular structure. A traditional clamp is replaced by the composite clamping assembly, the composite clamping assembly forms an annular structure through the multiple air bag expansion bodies composed of the air bags, the reinforcing layers and the contact layers, tubular workpieces are fixed through expansion of the air bag expansion bodies, and shafts and blocky workpieces are fixed through contraction of the air bag expansion bodies; and the practicability of the clamp is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a turning, grinding and milling compound processing numerical control machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A numerical control machine tool is represented by coded numbers and is input into a numerical control device through an information carrier. After being processed by arithmetic operations, various control signals are sent out by the numerical control device to control the actions of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically processed according to the shape and size required by the drawing.

[0003] Regarding a turning, grinding and milling compound processing numerical control machine tool disclosed in the patent with the publication number CN116038354B, which includes a sliding concave plate, a driving shaft head movably connected through a bearing is inserted into the interior of the sliding concave plate, a drilling tool is inserted into one side of the driving shaft head, and a linkage processing mechanism is arranged at a position on one side of the outer wall of the drilling tool; the linkage processing assembly includes a milling cutter arranged on one side of the outer wall of the drilling tool, and a grinding tool is arranged at a position on the other side of the outer wall of the drilling tool. The present invention can perform grinding, milling and drilling integrally, and can also perform grinding and milling processing at a specified angle with higher precision for grinding inclined surfaces. When the grinding tool contacts the part, large-area grinding and milling operations can be stably performed, and the processing limitations are not only small but also the processing accuracy is higher.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned numerical control machine tool is in use, the clamping of long rod-shaped or annular workpieces depends on a three-jaw chuck. The uneven distribution of the clamping force on the workpiece easily causes machining vibration and affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece; at the same time, the chips generated during processing fly and pollute the environment, and there is a lack of an effective collection device, posing a safety hazard.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to enhance the overall understanding of the present invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a turning, grinding and milling compound processing numerical control machine tool, which can solve the problems that the uneven distribution of the clamping force on the workpiece affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece and the chips during processing are not easy to collect.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A turning, grinding and milling compound processing numerical control machine tool includes:

[0009] A machine tool body, including an operation table, and a compound processing unit for integrally processing a workpiece by drilling, grinding and milling is installed on the operation table, so as to perform drilling, grinding and milling processing on the workpiece through the compound processing unit.

[0010] Adaptive clamping mechanism, including a mounting plate, the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the operating table, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and a composite clamping component is detachably mounted at one end of the rotating shaft facing the composite machining unit. The composite clamping component is used for clamping and fixing the workpiece. The rotation of the rotating shaft can drive the composite clamping component to rotate. At the same time, the composite clamping component is easy to disassemble and assemble, so that when machining workpieces with large size variations, the composite clamping component matching the workpiece can be quickly replaced to clamp and fix the workpiece. The composite clamping component is formed by combining a plurality of airbag expanders into an annular structure. Since the airbag expanders can contract and expand, the size of the composite clamping component can be adjusted by the contraction and expansion of the airbag expanders, so that the composite clamping component can clamp and fix workpieces of different sizes. By forming an annular clamping component with a plurality of airbag expanders, the composite clamping component can clamp and fix the inner wall of a tubular or annular workpiece through the expanded outer wall, or can clamp and fix a shaft-like or block workpiece by wrapping through the contracted inner wall, so that various workpieces with different shapes can be clamped and fixed, greatly improving the practicability of the CNC machine tool. At the same time, the annular composite clamping component contacts the workpiece through the inner wall or outer wall of a plurality of airbag expanders, and adapts to the concave and convex surfaces of the workpiece by expanding and contracting, so that the clamping force on the workpiece is evenly distributed, improving the clamping stability of the workpiece and avoiding vibration during workpiece machining, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Each of the plurality of airbag expanders is provided with an airbag body, a reinforcing layer and a contact layer, so that the airbag expanders composed of the airbag body, the reinforcing layer and the contact layer are combined into a composite clamping component. An inflation component for inflating the airbag body is provided on the composite clamping component. The airbag body is inflated through the inflation component to facilitate the expansion of the composite clamping component and realize the expansion clamping of the workpiece. A hydraulic oil injection gap is provided between the airbag body and the reinforcing layer. An oil injection component for injecting oil into the hydraulic oil injection gap is provided on the composite clamping component. By injecting hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil injection gap, the airbag body is compressed inward by the hydraulic oil, so that the composite clamping component contracts and realizes the wrapping clamping of the workpiece.

[0011] Cooling and recycling mechanism, including a liquid supply pipe, the liquid supply pipe is installed on one side of the composite processing unit facing the mounting plate, a cooling component is installed on the liquid supply pipe, and the cooling component can spray coolant onto the workpiece and the tools for processing the workpiece. The coolant can reduce the temperature of the workpiece and the tools, ensure that the workpiece remains at a low temperature during processing, improve processing efficiency, and protect the composite clamping component at the same time. When the coolant is sprayed on the workpiece, it will intercept the chips generated during processing, causing the coolant and chips to deposit on the operating table, avoiding the splashing of chips. An infusion component for supplying coolant to the supply pipe is installed at the bottom of the operating table to achieve the delivery of the coolant. A recycling component for recycling the coolant and chips is provided on the operating table. The coolant and the chips intercepted by the coolant are processed by the recycling component, so that the coolant can be recycled after being processed.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a fixed disk is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft facing the composite processing unit. The composite clamping component further includes a mounting disk. A plurality of fixed bolt groups are fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting disk facing the fixed disk at equal intervals in a circular manner. Mounting holes matching the plurality of fixed bolt groups are formed on the fixed disk. The fixed bolt groups fix the fixed disk and the mounting disk together through the mounting holes. A buffer ring is provided between the fixed disk and the mounting disk. Through the connection between the fixed disk and the mounting disk, the composite clamping component can be installed on the rotating shaft, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the composite clamping component to rotate, and then drives the workpiece to rotate, making the processing of the workpiece convenient. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting disk away from the fixed disk. One end of each of the plurality of airbag expansion bodies is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed ring, so that the airbag expansion bodies are stably installed on the mounting disk through the fixed ring. The plurality of airbag expansion bodies are connected by flexible hinges, so that the composite clamping component forms a radially expandable and retractable closed loop.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the airbag body, the reinforcing layer, and the contact layer are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, so as to form an airbag expansion body with a composite structure of an inner-layer expansion structure, a middle-layer limiting structure, and an outer-layer contact structure. At the same time, a hydraulic oil injection gap is formed between the airbag body and the reinforcing layer. In order to make the airbag expansion body contract inwardly after the hydraulic oil is injected, the airbag body and the reinforcing layer at the inner ring position of the composite clamping component are hermetically arranged, so that the hydraulic oil will not enter the inner ring layer after being injected. Thus, the hydraulic oil can compress the airbag body to make the airbag expansion body contract inwardly.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the material of the airbag body is made of high-strength rubber material, so that the airbag body can expand after being inflated. The reinforcing layer is a reinforcing layer made of aramid fiber material, and the expansion rate of the airbag body is limited by the reinforcing layer to ensure the safety of use. The contact layer is a flexible contact layer made of rubber material, and anti-slip grids are arranged on the outer side walls of the contact layer. The contact layer contacts the workpiece to provide flexible contact, avoiding scratching the surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the anti-slip grids ensure the stable contact between the contact layer and the workpiece, ensuring the stable clamping and fixing of the workpiece.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the air delivery component includes an air delivery cavity, which is opened in the fixed ring in a circular manner. A corresponding number of air delivery branch pipes are installed between the fixed ring and the plurality of airbag expansion bodies. One end of each of the plurality of air delivery branch pipes is communicated with the air delivery cavity, and the other ends of the plurality of air delivery branch pipes are respectively communicated with the corresponding airbag bodies. Electromagnetic valves are installed on each of the plurality of air delivery branch pipes. An air inlet pipe is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring in a manner communicated with the air delivery cavity, and a first regulating valve is installed on the air inlet pipe. High-pressure gas is delivered into the air delivery cavity through the air inlet pipe, and then the high-pressure gas can be delivered into the airbag body through the air delivery branch pipes, so that the airbag body expands and deforms, thereby realizing the clamping and fixing of the workpiece by the composite clamping component through the expansion and deformation. At the same time, electromagnetic valves for controlling air intake are arranged on each independent airbag body, so that different airbag expansion bodies can adjust the air intake amount through the control of the electromagnetic valves. Thus, when the composite clamping component clamps a special-shaped workpiece, the air intake amount of each airbag expansion body can be adjusted according to the contact surface with the workpiece through the control of the electromagnetic valves, so that the composite clamping component can clamp workpieces of different shapes, improving the practicability of the equipment.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the oil delivery component includes an oil delivery cavity, which is opened in the fixed ring in a circular manner, and the oil delivery cavity is arranged outside the air delivery cavity. A corresponding number of oil delivery branch pipes are installed between the fixed ring and the plurality of airbag expansion bodies. One end of each of the plurality of oil delivery branch pipes is communicated with the oil delivery cavity, and the other ends of the plurality of oil delivery branch pipes sequentially penetrate through the contact layer and the reinforcing layer and are placed in the hydraulic oil injection gap. An oil inlet pipe is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring in a manner communicated with the oil delivery cavity, and a second regulating valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe. High-pressure oil is delivered into the oil delivery cavity through the oil inlet pipe, and the high-pressure oil can be delivered into the hydraulic oil injection gap through the oil delivery branch pipes. The airbag body is driven to contract by the high-pressure hydraulic oil, so that the composite clamping component contracts to clamp and fix the workpiece.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a support table is installed on the operating table, and an air pump and an oil tank are installed on the support table. An air outlet pipe is installed at the air outlet of the air pump, and the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are communicated through a quick connection pipe. The high-pressure gas generated by the air pump can be transported into the air inlet pipe through the air outlet pipe. At the same time, in order to ensure that the inflated air pipeline does not affect the rotation of the workpiece, the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are connected by a quick connection pipe for quick disassembly and assembly. A micro oil pump is installed on one side of the oil tank, an oil outlet pipe is installed at the liquid outlet of the micro oil pump, and the oil outlet pipe and the oil inlet pipe are communicated through another quick connection pipe. Similarly, the micro oil pump transports high-pressure oil into the oil inlet pipe through the oil outlet pipe.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, piezoresistive sensors are installed on multiple airbag expanders to monitor the clamping pressure on the workpiece in real time through the piezoresistive sensors. The ratio of the gas pressure to the liquid pressure in the airbag expander is 1:2 to 1:5 to adapt to different rigidity requirements when clamping different workpieces.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the cooling assembly includes multiple liquid outlet branch pipes, which are installed on the side wall of the liquid supply pipe at equal intervals. Third on-off valves are installed on multiple liquid outlet branch pipes. A corrugated hose is installed at one end of multiple liquid outlet branch pipes away from the liquid supply pipe. An atomizing nozzle is installed at the liquid outlet of the corrugated hose. An infusion pipe is installed at the liquid inlet of the liquid supply pipe, and an infusion pump is installed at one end of the infusion pipe away from the liquid supply pipe. Through the deformability of the infusion pipe, the spraying angle and position of the reinforcing layer can be adjusted to better cool the workpiece and the processing tool, and at the same time prevent the splashing of debris and collect the debris.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the recycling assembly includes a collection tank, which is opened on the operating table and is arranged below the composite clamping assembly. Multiple through holes are opened in a penetrating manner on the bottom wall of the collection tank. A liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the bottom wall plate of the operating table below the collection tank. A first filter screen and a second filter screen are detachably installed in the liquid storage tank. The first filter screen is arranged above the second filter screen. A liquid inlet pipe is installed at a position near the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe outside the liquid storage tank is installed at the liquid inlet of the infusion pump. After the coolant cools the workpiece and the processing tool, the collected debris falls on the operating table, and the water flow carries the debris into the collection tank. The large-particle debris is intercepted through the through holes, and the water flow and small-particle debris enter the liquid storage tank through the through holes. The first filter screen and the second filter screen can filter and intercept small-particle impurities and micro-particle impurities in the water, so that the coolant can be recycled after being recycled.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The present invention replaces the traditional fixture with a composite clamping assembly. The composite clamping assembly consists of a plurality of airbag expanders composed of airbags, reinforcing layers, and contact layers to form an annular structure. The fixation of the tubular workpiece is achieved through the expansion of the airbag expanders, and the fixation of the shaft and block workpiece is achieved through the contraction of the airbag expanders, greatly improving the practicability of the fixture.

[0023] 2. The composite clamping assembly provided by the present invention contacts the workpiece through the contact layer, so that the surface of the workpiece will not be damaged when being clamped. Moreover, different airbag expanders can be adjusted for different degrees of expansion to ensure that each airbag expander can fit the surface of the workpiece. This makes the clamping force distribution of the composite clamping assembly uniform when clamping and fixing workpieces of different shapes, ensuring the stable fixation of the workpiece, avoiding the vibration of the workpiece during processing, and thus improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0024] 3. The present invention is provided with a cooling and recycling mechanism. The atomized coolant is used to cool the workpiece and the processing tools. At the same time, the coolant will collect the debris generated during processing. The collected coolant is recycled after being processed by the recycling component. This avoids the pollution of the environment caused by the flying debris during processing while realizing the collection and treatment of the debris, eliminating potential safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the front view of a turning, grinding and milling compound machining numerical control machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional view of a turning, grinding and milling compound machining numerical control machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional view of a turning, grinding and milling compound machining numerical control machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the cross-sectional view of a turning, grinding and milling compound machining numerical control machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is the sectional view of a turning, grinding and milling compound machining numerical control machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of location A in the present invention Figure 5 in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of location B Figure 6 in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 Exploded view of the installation location of the composite clamping assembly and the fixed disk in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the fixed ring in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the composite clamping assembly in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 Structural schematic diagram of the composite clamping assembly in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the liquid supply pipe in the present invention.

[0038] Main reference numerals description:

[0039] 1 - Machine tool body, 11 - Operating table, 12 - Composite machining unit, 2 - Adaptive clamping mechanism, 21 - Mounting plate, 22 - Rotating shaft, 23 - Fixed disk, 24 - Mounting disk, 25 - Fixed ring, 26 - Airbag body, 27 - Reinforcement layer, 28 - Contact layer, 29 - Air delivery cavity, 210 - Air delivery branch pipe, 211 - Solenoid valve, 212 - Air inlet pipe, 213 - First regulating valve, 214 - Oil delivery cavity, 215 - Oil delivery branch pipe, 216 - Oil inlet pipe, 217 - Second regulating valve, 218 - Air pump, 219 - Air outlet pipe, 220 - Fuel tank, 221 - Micro oil pump, 222 - Oil outlet pipe, 223 - Support platform, 224 - Fixed bolt group, 225 - Buffer ring, 3 - Cooling and recovery mechanism, 31 - Liquid supply pipe, 32 - Liquid outlet branch pipe, 33 - Third switching valve, 34 - Corrugated hose, 35 - Atomizing nozzle, 36 - Liquid delivery pipe, 37 - Liquid delivery pump, 38 - Liquid inlet pipe, 39 - Liquid storage tank, 310 - First filter screen, 311 - Second filter screen, 312 - Collection tank, 313 - Through hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] As shown Figures 1 to 5 in the figure, a turning, grinding and milling compound processing numerical control machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention includes a machine tool body 1, an adaptive clamping mechanism 2 and a cooling and recycling mechanism 3.

[0042] As shown Figures 1 to 5 in the figure, the machine tool body 1 includes an operation table 11, and a compound processing unit 12 for integrally processing a workpiece by drilling, grinding and milling is installed on the operation table 11, so as to process the workpiece by drilling, grinding and milling through the compound processing unit 12.

[0043] As shown Figures 1 to 5 in the figure, the adaptive clamping mechanism 2 includes a mounting plate 21, the mounting plate 21 is fixedly connected to the operation table 11, a rotating shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 21, and a compound clamping assembly is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 22 facing the compound processing unit 12 in a detachable manner. The compound clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing the workpiece. The rotation of the rotating shaft 22 can drive the compound clamping assembly to rotate. At the same time, the compound clamping assembly is easy to disassemble and assemble, so that when processing workpieces with large size changes, the compound clamping assembly matching the workpiece can be quickly replaced to clamp and fix the workpiece. The compound clamping assembly is formed by combining a plurality of airbag expanders into an annular structure. Since the airbag expanders can contract and expand, the size of the compound clamping assembly can be adjusted by the contraction and expansion of the airbag expanders, so that the compound clamping assembly can clamp and fix workpieces of different sizes. By forming an annular clamping assembly with a plurality of airbag expanders, the compound clamping assembly can clamp and fix the inner wall of a tubular or annular workpiece through the expanded outer wall, and can also clamp and fix a shaft-like or block-shaped workpiece by wrapping through the inner wall after contraction, so that various workpieces with different shapes can be clamped and fixed, greatly improving the practicability of the numerical control machine tool. At the same time, the annular compound clamping assembly contacts the workpiece through the inner wall or outer wall of a plurality of airbag expanders, and adaptively fits the concave and convex surfaces of the workpiece through expansion and contraction, so that the clamping force on the workpiece is evenly distributed, improving the clamping stability of the workpiece and avoiding vibration during workpiece processing, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Each of the plurality of airbag expanders is provided with an airbag body 26, a reinforcing layer 27 and a contact layer 28, so as to form a compound clamping assembly by combining the airbag expanders composed of the airbag body 26, the reinforcing layer 27 and the contact layer 28. An inflation assembly for inflating the airbag body 26 is provided on the compound clamping assembly. The airbag body 26 is inflated through the inflation assembly to facilitate the expansion of the compound clamping assembly and realize the expansion clamping of the workpiece. A hydraulic oil injection gap is provided between the airbag body 26 and the reinforcing layer 27. An oil injection assembly for injecting oil into the hydraulic oil injection gap is provided on the compound clamping assembly. By injecting hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil injection gap, the airbag body 26 is compressed inward by the hydraulic oil, so that the compound clamping assembly contracts to realize the wrapping clamping of the workpiece.

[0044] As Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, one end of the rotating shaft 22 facing the composite machining unit 12 is fixedly connected with a fixed disk 23. The composite clamping assembly further includes a mounting disk 24. A plurality of fixed bolt groups 224 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting disk 24 facing the fixed disk 23 at equal intervals in a circular manner. Mounting holes matching the plurality of fixed bolt groups 224 are formed in the fixed disk 23. The fixed bolt groups 224 fix the fixed disk 23 and the mounting disk 24 together through the mounting holes. A buffer ring 225 is arranged between the fixed disk 23 and the mounting disk 24. Through the connection between the fixed disk 23 and the mounting disk 24, the composite clamping assembly can be mounted on the rotating shaft 22, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 22 drives the composite clamping assembly to rotate, and further drives the workpiece to rotate, facilitating the machining of the workpiece. At the same time, the buffer ring 225 can buffer the mounting disk 24 to buffer the impact received during the machining of the workpiece, avoiding the vibration of the workpiece during machining. A fixed ring 25 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting disk 24 away from the fixed disk 23. One ends of a plurality of airbag expansion bodies are fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed ring 25, so that the airbag expansion bodies are stably mounted on the mounting disk 24 through the fixed ring 25. The plurality of airbag expansion bodies are connected by flexible hinges, so that the composite clamping assembly forms a radially expandable and contractible closed loop.

[0045] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, the airbag body 26, the reinforcing layer 27, and the contact layer 28 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, thus forming an airbag expansion body with a composite structure of an inner layer expansion structure, a middle layer limiting structure, and an outer layer contact structure. At the same time, a hydraulic oil injection gap is formed between the airbag body 26 and the reinforcing layer 27. In order to make the airbag expansion body contract inward after the hydraulic oil is injected, the airbag body 26 and the reinforcing layer 27 at the inner ring position of the composite clamping assembly are hermetically arranged, so that the hydraulic oil will not enter the inner ring layer after being injected. Thus, the hydraulic oil can compress the airbag body 26 to make the airbag expansion body contract inward.

[0046] Preferably, the airbag body 26 is made of a high-strength rubber material, so that the airbag body 26 can expand after being inflated. The reinforcing layer 27 is a reinforcing layer made of aramid fiber material, which restricts the expansion rate of the airbag body 26 to ensure the safety of use. The contact layer 28 is a flexible contact layer made of rubber material. Anti-slip grids are arranged on the outer side wall of the contact layer 28. The contact layer 28 contacts the workpiece to provide flexible contact, avoiding scratching the surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the anti-slip grids ensure the stable contact between the contact layer 28 and the workpiece, ensuring the stable clamping and fixing of the workpiece.

[0047] As Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, the gas delivery assembly includes a gas delivery cavity 29, which is formed in a ring shape within the fixed ring 25. A corresponding number of gas delivery branch pipes 210 are installed between the fixed ring 25 and multiple airbag expansion bodies. One end of each of the multiple gas delivery branch pipes 210 communicates with the gas delivery cavity 29, and the other ends of the multiple gas delivery branch pipes 210 communicate with the corresponding airbag bodies 26 respectively. Solenoid valves 211 are installed on each of the multiple gas delivery branch pipes 210. An inlet pipe 212 is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring 25 in a way that communicates with the gas delivery cavity 29, and a first regulating valve 213 is installed on the inlet pipe 212. High-pressure gas is delivered into the gas delivery cavity 29 through the inlet pipe 212, and then the high-pressure gas can be delivered into the airbag body 26 through the gas delivery branch pipes 210, causing the airbag body 26 to expand and deform, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the workpiece by the composite clamping assembly through expansion and deformation. At the same time, solenoid valves 211 for controlling air intake are provided on each independent airbag body 26, enabling different airbag expansion bodies to adjust the air intake amount through the control of the solenoid valves 211. Thus, when the composite clamping assembly clamps a special-shaped workpiece, the air intake amount of each airbag expansion body can be adjusted according to the contact surface with the workpiece through the control of the solenoid valves 211, enabling the composite clamping assembly to clamp workpieces of different shapes and improving the practicability of the equipment.

[0048] As Figure 7 and Figure 9 shown in the figure, the oil delivery assembly includes an oil delivery cavity 214, which is formed in a ring shape within the fixed ring 25 and is arranged outside the gas delivery cavity 29. A corresponding number of oil delivery branch pipes 215 are installed between the fixed ring 25 and multiple airbag expansion bodies. One end of each of the multiple oil delivery branch pipes 215 communicates with the oil delivery cavity 214, and the other ends of the multiple oil delivery branch pipes 215 sequentially penetrate through the contact layer 28 and the reinforcing layer 27 and are placed in the hydraulic oil injection gap. An inlet pipe 216 is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring 25 in a way that communicates with the oil delivery cavity 214, and a second regulating valve 217 is installed on the inlet pipe 216. High-pressure oil is delivered into the oil delivery cavity 214 through the inlet pipe 216, and the high-pressure oil can be delivered into the hydraulic oil injection gap through the oil delivery branch pipes 215. The airbag body 26 is driven to contract by the high-pressure hydraulic oil, causing the composite clamping assembly to contract and clamp the workpiece.

[0049] As Figure 6 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, a support platform 223 is installed on the operation platform 11. An air pump 218 and an oil tank 220 are installed on the support platform 223. An air outlet pipe 219 is installed at the air outlet of the air pump 218. The air outlet pipe 219 is connected to the air inlet pipe 212 through a quick connector. The high-pressure gas generated by the air pump 218 can be transported into the air inlet pipe 212 through the air outlet pipe 219. At the same time, in order to ensure that the inflated gas pipeline will not affect the rotation of the workpiece, the air outlet pipe 219 and the air inlet pipe 212 are connected by a quick connector for quick disassembly and assembly. A micro oil pump 221 is installed on one side of the oil tank 220. An oil outlet pipe 222 is installed at the liquid outlet of the micro oil pump 221. The oil outlet pipe 222 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 216 through another quick connector. Similarly, the micro oil pump 221 transports high-pressure oil into the oil inlet pipe 216 through the oil outlet pipe 222.

[0050] Preferably, piezoresistive sensors are installed on multiple airbag expansion bodies to real-time monitor the clamping pressure on the workpiece. The ratio of the gas pressure to the liquid pressure in the airbag expansion body is 1:2 to 1:5 to adapt to different rigidity requirements when clamping different workpieces.

[0051] As Figures 1 to 5 shown in the figure, the cooling and recovery mechanism 3 includes a liquid supply pipe 31. The liquid supply pipe 31 is installed on the side of the composite machining unit 12 facing the mounting plate 21. A cooling component is installed on the liquid supply pipe 31. The cooling component can spray coolant onto the workpiece and the tools used for machining the workpiece. The temperature of the workpiece and the tools can be reduced through the coolant, ensuring that the workpiece remains in a low-temperature state during machining, improving the machining efficiency, and protecting the composite clamping component at the same time. When the coolant is sprayed on the workpiece, the chips generated during machining will be intercepted, causing the coolant and the chips to deposit on the operation platform 11, avoiding the splashing of the chips. An infusion component for supplying coolant to the supply pipe 31 is installed at the bottom of the operation platform 11 to achieve the transportation of the coolant. A recovery component for recovering the coolant and the chips is provided on the operation platform 11. The coolant and the chips intercepted by the coolant are processed by the recovery component, enabling the recycled use of the coolant after treatment.

[0052] As Figure 12 shown in the figure, the cooling component includes multiple liquid outlet branch pipes 32. The multiple liquid outlet branch pipes 32 are installed on the side wall of the liquid supply pipe 31 at equal intervals. A third switch valve 33 is installed on each of the multiple liquid outlet branch pipes 32. A corrugated hose 34 is installed at the end of each of the multiple liquid outlet branch pipes 32 away from the liquid supply pipe 31. An atomizing nozzle 35 is installed at the liquid outlet of the corrugated hose 34. An infusion pipe 36 is installed at the liquid inlet of the liquid supply pipe 31. An infusion pump 37 is installed at the end of the infusion pipe 36 away from the liquid supply pipe 31. Through the deformability of the infusion pipe 36, the spraying angle and position of the reinforcing layer 27 can be adjusted to better cool the workpiece and the machining tools, and at the same time collect the chips while preventing the splashing of the chips.

[0053] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the recycling component includes a collection tank 312 which is opened on the operation table 11 and is arranged below the composite clamping component. A plurality of through holes 313 are formed in a penetrating manner on the bottom wall of the collection tank 312. A liquid storage tank 39 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall plate of the operation table 11 below the collection tank 312. A first filter screen 310 and a second filter screen 311 are detachably installed in the liquid storage tank 39. The first filter screen 310 is arranged above the second filter screen 311. A liquid inlet pipe 38 is installed at a position near the bottom of the liquid storage tank 39. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 38 outside the liquid storage tank 39 is installed on the liquid inlet of an infusion pump 37. After the coolant cools the workpiece and the processing tool, the debris is collected and falls on the operation table 11. The water flow carries the debris into the collection tank 312. The large particle debris is intercepted through the through holes 313. The water flow and the small particle debris enter the liquid storage tank 39 through the through holes 313. The first filter screen 310 and the second filter screen 311 can filter and intercept the small particle impurities and micro particle impurities in the water, so that the coolant can be recycled after being recycled and processed.

[0054] It should be noted that the numerical control machine tool is provided with an automatic control program. In order to facilitate the clamping operation of the workpiece and facilitate monitoring, the adaptive clamping mechanism 2 and the cooling and recycling mechanism 3 are controlled through the automatic control degree.

[0055] During use, when fixing a tubular workpiece, the tubular workpiece is sleeved on the workpiece of the composite clamping component, so that the inner wall of the workpiece contacts the outer wall of the composite clamping component. The air outlet pipe 219 and the air inlet pipe 212 are connected through a quick joint. The air pump 218 is started so as to transport high-pressure gas into the air delivery cavity 29. By opening the solenoid valve 211, the high-pressure gas can be transported into the airbag body 26. Through the expansion of the airbag body 26, the composite clamping component expands, so that the outer wall of the composite clamping component fits tightly with the inner wall of the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece is fixed stably.

[0056] When fixing a block-shaped workpiece, the block-shaped workpiece is placed in the inner ring of the composite clamping component, so that the outer wall of the workpiece contacts the inner wall of the composite clamping component. By inflating the airbag body 26, the composite clamping component expands. At the same time, a high-pressure oil is transported into the oil delivery cavity 214 through a micro oil pump 221, so as to transport the high-pressure oil into the hydraulic oil injection gap. Through the pressure of the high-pressure oil, the airbag body 26 is compressed, and the inner wall of the composite clamping component contracts, so that the inner wall of the composite clamping component fits tightly with the outer wall of the workpiece, completing the fixation of the block-shaped workpiece.

[0057] When fixing a special-shaped workpiece, through the contact surface between different airbag expansion bodies and the workpiece, the inflation pressure of the airbag body 26 on the corresponding airbag expansion body is adjusted, so that the composite clamping component can fit tightly with the surface of the special-shaped workpiece, making the fixation of the workpiece stable.

[0058] After the composite clamping assembly clamps and fixes the workpiece, when the workpiece is machined by the composite machining unit 12, the atomizing nozzle 35 can atomize the coolant and evenly spray it onto the surfaces of the workpiece and the machining tool, so as to cool the workpiece and the machining tool. At the same time, the atomized coolant will intercept the debris during machining, avoid the splashing of debris, and recycle the coolant through the coolant recovery. The recycled coolant and debris enter the collection tank 312 and are filtered in stages through the through hole 313, the first filter screen 310 and the second filter screen 311, so as to separate the coolant and the debris, enabling the coolant to be recycled.

[0059] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed invention.

[0060] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A combined turning, milling and grinding CNC machine tool, characterized in that, Including: The machine tool body includes an operation table, and a composite machining unit for integrally machining workpieces by drilling, grinding, and milling is installed on the operation table. The adaptive clamping mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to the operation table. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. At one end of the rotating shaft facing the composite machining unit, a composite clamping component is detachably installed. The composite clamping component forms an annular structure through a combination of multiple airbag expanders. Each of the multiple airbag expanders is provided with an airbag body, a reinforcing layer, and a contact layer. An air inflation component for inflating the airbag body is provided on the composite clamping component. A hydraulic oil injection gap is provided between the airbag body and the reinforcing layer. An oil injection component for injecting oil into the hydraulic oil injection gap is provided on the composite clamping component. The cooling and recycling mechanism includes a liquid supply pipe installed on one side of the composite machining unit facing the mounting plate. A cooling component is installed on the liquid supply pipe. An infusion component for supplying coolant to the supply pipe is installed at the bottom of the operation table. A recycling component for recycling the coolant and debris is provided on the operation table.

2. The CNC machine tool for combined turning, milling and grinding according to claim 1, wherein A fixed disk is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft facing the composite machining unit. The composite clamping component further includes a mounting disk. A plurality of fixed bolt groups are fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting disk facing the fixed disk at equal intervals in a circular manner. Mounting holes matching the plurality of fixed bolt groups are formed on the fixed disk. The fixed bolt groups fix the fixed disk and the mounting disk together through the mounting holes. A buffer ring is provided between the fixed disk and the mounting disk. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting disk away from the fixed disk. One end of each of the multiple airbag expanders is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed ring. The multiple airbag expanders are connected by flexible hinges.

3. The CNC machine tool for combined turning, milling and grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The airbag body, the reinforcing layer, and the contact layer are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside, forming an airbag expander with a composite structure composed of an inner layer expansion structure, a middle layer limiting structure, and an outer layer contact structure.

4. A combined turning, milling and grinding CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material of the airbag body is made of high-strength rubber material. The reinforcing layer is a reinforcing layer made of aramid fiber material. The contact layer is a flexible contact layer made of rubber material. Anti-slip grids are provided on the outer side wall of the contact layer.

5. The numerically controlled machine tool for combined turning, grinding and milling according to claim 4, wherein, The air supply component includes an air supply cavity formed in the fixed ring in a circular manner. A corresponding number of air supply branch pipes are installed between the fixed ring and the multiple airbag expanders. One end of each of the multiple air supply branch pipes communicates with the air supply cavity. The other ends of the multiple air supply branch pipes respectively communicate with the corresponding airbag bodies. Electromagnetic valves are installed on each of the multiple air supply branch pipes. An air inlet pipe is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring in a manner communicating with the air supply cavity. A first regulating valve is installed on the air inlet pipe.

6. A combined turning, milling and grinding CNC machine tool according to claim 5, wherein, The oil delivery assembly includes an oil delivery cavity which is formed in the fixed ring in a circular shape and is arranged outside the gas delivery cavity. A corresponding number of oil delivery branch pipes are installed between the fixed ring and the plurality of airbag expansion bodies. One ends of the plurality of oil delivery branch pipes communicate with the oil delivery cavity, and the other ends of the plurality of oil delivery branch pipes sequentially penetrate through the contact layer and the reinforcement layer and are placed in the hydraulic oil injection gap. An oil inlet pipe is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed ring in a manner communicating with the oil delivery cavity, and a second regulating valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe.

7. A combined turning, milling and grinding CNC machine tool according to claim 6, wherein, A support platform is installed on the operating table, and an air pump and an oil tank are installed on the support platform. An air outlet pipe is installed at the air outlet of the air pump, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe through a quick connector. A micro oil pump is installed on one side of the oil tank, and an oil outlet pipe is installed at the liquid outlet of the micro oil pump. The oil outlet pipe is communicated with the oil inlet pipe through another quick connector.

8. A combined turning, milling and grinding CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, A piezoresistive sensor is installed on each of the plurality of airbag expansion bodies, and the ratio of the gas pressure to the liquid pressure in the airbag expansion body is 1:2 to 1:5, so as to adapt to different rigidity requirements when clamping different workpieces.

9. The numerically controlled machine tool for combined turning, grinding and milling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes a plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes which are installed on the side wall of the liquid supply pipe at equal intervals. A third switching valve is installed on each of the plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes. A corrugated hose is installed at the end of each of the plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes away from the liquid supply pipe, and an atomizing nozzle is installed at the liquid outlet of the corrugated hose. A liquid infusion pipe is installed at the liquid inlet of the liquid supply pipe, and an infusion pump is installed at the end of the liquid infusion pipe away from the liquid supply pipe.

10. The CNC machine tool for combined turning, milling and grinding according to claim 9, characterized in that, The recovery assembly includes a collection tank which is formed in the operating table and is arranged below the composite clamping assembly. A plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom wall of the collection tank in a penetrating manner. A liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the bottom wall plate of the operating table below the collection tank. A first filter screen and a second filter screen are detachably installed in the liquid storage tank. The first filter screen is arranged above the second filter screen. A liquid inlet pipe is installed at a position near the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and the end of the liquid inlet pipe outside the liquid storage tank is installed at the liquid inlet of the infusion pump.

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