Lubricating oil composition as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of lubricants, in particular to a lubricating oil composition as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The lubricating oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 2.0 percent of amine or phenol antioxidant; 0.1%-2.0% of an ash-free extreme pressure anti-wear agent; 0.01%-0.5% of an ester antirust agent; 0.01% to 0.5% of an organic metal deactivator; 0.01%-0.5% of an ashless dispersant; and the balance of ester base oil. The lubricating oil composition provided by the invention has excellent biodegradability and extremely low ecological toxicity. Meanwhile, different additives are optimized and compounded, so that the lubricating oil has excellent oxidation resistance, wear resistance, hydrolytic stability and anti-rust property, and when the lubricating oil is applied to a tail shaft system, seawater pollution caused by oil leakage can be reduced to the maximum extent while good lubricating conditions of a tail shaft are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lubricants, and particularly to a lubricating oil composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The stern shaft is the shaft of the propeller thruster located at the rear of the ship. The propeller is connected to the engine through the stern shaft to obtain power and rotate, pushing the water to the rear of the ship, and then using the reaction force of the water to push the ship forward. The sealed stern shaft system is filled with stern shaft oil, which mainly plays the roles of lubrication and sealing. However, in the design of some stern shaft sealing systems, a certain pressure difference inside and outside the stern shaft is usually maintained to more effectively prevent seawater from entering the stern shaft sealing system. This design will cause the stern shaft oil to leak into the seawater. To reduce the impact of lubricating oil leakage on the marine environment, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the Vessel General Permit (abbreviated as VGP 2013) on December 19, 2013, requiring that all ships entering US waters (within 3 nautical miles of the coast) must use environmentally acceptable lubricants (EAL) at the oil-water interface, unless it is technically infeasible. The original validity period of VGP 2013 was until December 19, 2018, but the EPA has not yet issued new ship emission standards, and the provisions of VGP 2013 will continue to apply.

[0003] The US Environmental Protection Agency defines environmentally acceptable lubricants as lubricants that are biodegradable, have minimum toxicity, and do not bioaccumulate, and also include products with OSPAR, Blue Angel, European Ecolabel, Nordic Swan, and Swedish standard SS1554701554701 labels. At present, marine stern shaft oil in China still mostly uses marine system oil, lacking environmentally acceptable lubricant products dedicated to ship stern shafts. With the increasing attention of people to the ecological environment and the increasing strictness of environmental protection regulations, the research and development of environmentally friendly stern shaft oil products are crucial for improving the environmental protection level and the lubricant technology level. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a lubricating oil composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The lubricating oil composition can be highly biodegradable, and at the same time has good antioxidant properties, extreme pressure and anti-wear properties, rust prevention properties, and hydrolysis stability. When used in the stern shaft system, it can ensure good lubrication conditions of the stern shaft while minimizing seawater pollution caused by oil leakage, and has environmental friendliness.

[0005] To achieve the object of the present invention, the lubricating oil composition provided by the present invention includes the following components in weight percentage:

[0006]

[0007] The amine or phenolic antioxidant is a composition of alkylbenzene α-naphthylamine and isooctyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate with a mass ratio of 0.1-0.6:0.2-0.5, such as the composition of Irganox L06 and Irganox L135 produced by BASF Corporation.

[0008] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition comprises the following components in weight percentages:

[0009]

[0010] Preferably, the ashless extreme pressure and antiwear agent is a composition of nonyltriaryl thiophosphate and dialkyldithiophosphate with a mass ratio of 0.1-0.7:0.2-0.4, such as the composition of Irgalube 211 and Irgalube 353 produced by BASF Corporation.

[0011] Preferably, the ester rust inhibitor is alkenyl succinic acid semi-ester, such as Irgacor L12 produced by BASF Corporation.

[0012] Preferably, the organic metal deactivator is a methylbenzotriazole derivative, such as Irgamet 39 produced by BASF Corporation.

[0013] Preferably, the ashless dispersant is polyisobutylene succinimide, such as T151 produced by Shanghai Hairun Additive Co., Ltd.

[0014] Preferably, the ester base oil is a diester, saturated polyol ester, unsaturated polyol ester or complex ester, and its kinematic viscosity (40 °C) is 20-400 mm 2 / s. Further preferably, it is at least one of trimethylolpropane complex ester (such as Synative ES 3345 and Synative ES TMP 05 / 320 produced by BASF Corporation), triesterified trimethanolpropane (such as Synative ES TMP 05V produced by BASF Corporation), pentaerythritol ester (such as CRODA Priolube 3987 produced by Cargill), neopentyl glycol stearate (such as CRODA Priolube 1973 produced by Cargill).

[0015] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above lubricating oil composition, comprising the following steps: adding each component into a blending container according to the proportion and stirring at 55-65 °C for 3-4 hours to prepare.

[0016] The present invention also provides the application of the above lubricating oil composition in a ship stern shaft system.

[0017] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention is prepared by using an ester base oil as the base oil and adding antioxidants, extreme pressure and anti-wear agents, rust inhibitors, metal deactivators, and dispersants. The raw materials are easily available and the formulation is reasonable, and the preparation method is simple. Since there are synergistic or antagonistic effects between different types of additives, it is necessary to optimize the compounding of different additives to obtain a balanced formulation system with excellent performance. Through a large number of practices, the present invention has found that by using the ester base oil, antioxidant, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, metal deactivator, and dispersant with the specific composition and dosage as described above, it can ensure that the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has excellent biodegradability (biodegradation rate > 80%, ASTM D7373), extremely low ecological toxicity (EC50 > 100 mg / L, OECD 201 / 202 / 203), and at the same time has excellent antioxidant properties, anti-wear properties, hydrolysis stability, and rust prevention properties. Most importantly, the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is particularly suitable for the lubrication and sealing of ship stern shafts, and can minimize seawater pollution caused by oil leakage while ensuring good lubrication conditions for the stern shaft. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The present invention will be illustrated by the following preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the scope of the present invention. For those not specified in the embodiments regarding specific techniques or conditions, they shall be in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or in accordance with the product instructions. For reagents or instruments not specified as to the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through regular channels.

[0019] Examples 1 - 5

[0020] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention was prepared according to the formula shown in Table 1. The preparation method is as follows: Add each component in proportion to a blending container and stir at a constant temperature of 60 °C for 4 hours to obtain a clear and transparent lubricating oil composition.

[0021] Table 1 Formulas of Examples 1 - 5

[0022]

[0023] The performances of Examples 1 - 5 are shown in Table 2.

[0024] Table 2 Performance Test Results of Examples 1 - 5

[0025]

[0026] Comparative Examples 1 - 7

[0027] The formulas of Comparative Examples 1 - 7 are shown in Table 3, in which the polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil used is produced by Ineos.

[0028] Table 3 Formulations of Comparative Examples 1-7

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] The performances of Comparative Examples 1-7 are shown in Table 4.

[0032] Table 4 Performance Test Results of Comparative Examples 1-7

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] As can be seen from Table 3 and Table 4, Examples 1-5 have excellent biodegradability (>80%) and extremely low ecological toxicity (EC50 > 100 mg / L), meeting the environmental performance requirements of VGP for environmentally friendly lubricating oils (biodegradability > 60%, EC50 > 100 mg / L).

[0036] Compared with Examples 1-5, the biodegradability of Comparative Example 1 is only 24% (the higher the viscosity of PAO, the lower the biodegradability), not meeting the requirements of VGP; the liquid-phase rust detection result of Comparative Example 2 is heavy rust, unable to meet the oil demand for the stern shaft part of the ship; the appearance of Comparative Example 3 is turbid, not meeting the appearance requirement of clear and transparent products.

[0037] Compared with Example 3, Comparative Examples 4 and 5 respectively use single alkylbenzene α-naphthylamine and isooctyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate as antioxidants. The results show that the two antioxidants exhibit a composite synergistic effect, and the antioxidant performance when they are used in combination is better than that when used alone; Comparative Examples 6 and 7 respectively use single nonyltriaryl phosphate and dialkyldithiophosphate as ashless extreme pressure antiwear agents. The results show that the two extreme pressure antiwear agents exhibit a composite synergistic effect, and the extreme pressure antiwear performance when they are used in combination is better than that when used alone.

[0038] Based on the above analysis results, the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has excellent biodegradability, extremely low ecological toxicity, and at the same time has excellent antioxidant properties, antiwear properties, hydrolysis stability and rust prevention properties.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can make some changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to form equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil composition, characterized in that, Comprising the following components in weight percentages: The amine or phenolic antioxidant is a composition of alkylbenzene α-naphthylamine and isooctyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate with a mass ratio of 0.1 - 0.6:0.2 - 0.

5.

2. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising the following components in weight percentages:

3. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ashless extreme pressure and antiwear agent is a composition of nonyltriaryl thiophosphate and dialkyldithiophosphate with a mass ratio of 0.1 - 0.7:0.2 - 0.

4.

4. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The ester rust inhibitor is alkenyl succinic acid half ester.

5. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The metal deactivator is a methylbenzotriazole derivative.

6. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ashless dispersant is polyisobutylene succinimide.

7. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ester base oil is a diester, a saturated polyol ester, an unsaturated polyol ester or a complex ester, and its kinematic viscosity at 40 °C is 20 to 400 mm 2 / s.

8. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ester base oil is at least one of trimethylolpropane complex ester, triester of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol ester, and neopentyl glycol stearate.

9. A method for preparing the lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: Stir the components at 55 - 65 °C for 3 - 4 hours to obtain the product.

10. Use of the lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 - 8 in a stern shaft system.

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